Date: May 8, Obj: Collect data and develop a mathematical equation. Copy: Thermochemistry is the study of heat and chemical reactions.
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1 Do Now Date: May 8, 2017 Obj: Collect data and develop a mathematical equation. Copy: Thermochemistry is the study of heat and chemical reactions.
2 Monday, May 8, 2017 Today: Warm-Up Content: Introduction to Thermochemistry Mathematical Equations Lab Homework: Finish Lab
3 Warm Up Complete the graph showing water changing from (s) (l) (g) Temp 100 C 0 C Solid H fus Liquid H vap Vapor Time Heat Supplied
4 Heat and Changes of State -- Energy is required to change from solid liquid. The energy is used to separate the particles. Temperature stays constant. -- Energy is given off in a phase change from a liquid to a solid. Temperature stays constant.
5 Heating Curve for Water Temp H vap Vapor Boiling Pt. Solid H fus Liquid Melting Pt. Time Heat Supplied
6 Changes of State The heat absorbed by one mole of substance in melting a solid to a liquid is called the molar heat of fusion ( H fus ).
7 Changes of State The heat lost by one mole of substance in changing from a liquid to a solid is called the molar heat of solidification. We also have data for the molar heat of vaporization, molar heat of condensation, and molar heat of solution. We can look up these values.
8 Practice Looking at the heating curve for water, what do you notice about H fus compared to H vap? Why is this?
9 Heating Curve for Water From the heating curve for water: It takes more heat to vaporize water then to melt water. Why is this the case?
10 Heating Curve for Water What is happening at each number in the graph below? Image from
11 Liquid Nitrogen & Soap Suds These people have too much time on their hands. Images from:
12
13 Do Now Date: May 9, 2017 Obj: Collect data and develop a mathematical equation. Set-up and solve: C = q / m T If q (the amount of heat) is 347 J and you have 3.5 g (the mass), what is the specific heat (C) if the temperature changes 7.0 ºC?
14 Tuesday, May 9, 2017 Today: Finish Lab (Math Equations) Notes and Practice: Thermochem Homework: Google Form
15 Heat versus Temperature Describe the difference between heat and temperature. Provide an example. Hint: Which has a higher temperature, a drop of water at 100 C or a bucket of water at 100 C? Which has more heat?
16 Heat Heat (abbreviated Q) is a measurement of the total energy in a substance. The SI unit for heat is the joule. Heat will tend to move from the higher temperature system to the lower temperature system. From wikipedia.org.
17 Temperature Temperature is a number that is related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance. The SI basic unit for temperature is the Kelvin. Other temperature scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit, Rankine, Delisle, Réaumur, Rømer
18 Thermometers & Calorimeters We use thermometers to measure temperature. We use calorimeters to (indirectly) measure heat.
19 Thermochemistry Thermochemistry is the study of heat changes that occur during chemical reactions and physical changes of state.
20 An Example Which direction is the heat flowing in the plastic bag and flame demo?
21 Practice Other ways to measure temperature. Can these instruments measure the amount of heat in a substance?
22 Practice C = q / m T Calculate the specific heat of a metallic element if 756 joules of energy are needed to raise the temperature of a gram sample 25.0 C to 50.0 C.
23
24 J/(g x C) Do Now Date: May 10, 2017 Obj: Calculate specific heat. Copy and do: C = q / m T When 200 J of heat is added to 5.0 g of olive oil at 30 C, the temperature increases to 85 C. What is the specific heat of olive oil? Be sure to show units in your answer.
25 Wednesday, May 10, 2017 Today: Warm-Up Notes & Practice: Specific Heat Homework: Complete Practice
26 Practice C = q / m T The temperature of a piece of copper with a mass of 94.4 g changes from 25 C to 48 C when the metal absorbs 849J of heat. What is the specific heat of copper? J / (g x C)
27 More Practice C = q / m T When 435 J of heat is added to 3.4 g of olive oil at 21 C, the temperature increases to 85 C. What is the specific heat of olive oil? 2.0 J/(g x C)
28 More Practice C = q / m T A copper penny is heated until it is red hot in a bunsen burner. It is then placed in 50 grams of water (initially at 22 C) and cools down. The final temperature of the water is 37 C. What is the temperature of the bunsen burner flame?
29 Some Experimental Values Substance J / (g x C) Water 4.18 Iron 0.46 Copper 0.39 Aluminum 0.90 Lead 0.13 Which will heat up and cool down fastest? Which holds heat the longest? What would be the best for a frying pan?
30 Complete the Specific Heat Worksheet Show all work
31 Specific Heat - PreLab Different substances will respond differently to an input of heat. Metals usually heat up quickly and cool down quickly. Water heats up slowly but cools down slowly.
32 Specific Heat - PreLab We use Specific Heat Capacity values to tell how well a substance absorbs and stores heat. Specific Heat Capacity (C) is the amount of heat needed to raise the temp of 1g by 1 C. Specific Heat = J / (g x C) C = heat (J) / (mass (g) x change in temp ( C) ) C = q / m T
33 Practice C = q / m T Calculate the specific heat of a metallic element if 250 joules of energy are needed to raise the temperature of a gram sample 25.0 C to C.
34 Practice C = q / m T The temperature of a piece of copper with a mass of 4.4 g changes from 25 C to 48 C when the metal absorbs 1000J of heat. What is the specific heat of copper?? J / (g x C)
35 More Practice C = q / m T A copper penny is heated until it is red hot in a Bunsen burner. It is then placed in 50 grams of water (initially at 22 C) and cools down releasing 1000J of heat energy. The final temperature of the water is 37 C. What is the temperature of the Bunsen burner flame?
36 Some Experimental Values Water has a high specific heat: 4.18 J / (g x C) Lead has a low specific heat: 0.13 J / (g x C) Which will heat up and cool down fastest? What are some implications?
37
38 Do Now Date: May 11, Obj: Collect data and calculate specific heat. Copy and do: Which of the following would take the longest to heat up: C=4.18, 0.46, 0.90? To cool down? What type of substance might each be (liquid, metal, non-metal, )?
39 Some Experimental Values Substance J / (g x C) Water 4.18 Iron 0.46 Copper 0.39 Aluminum 0.90 Lead 0.13 Which will heat up and cool down fastest? Which holds heat the longest? What would be the best for a frying pan?
40 Thursday, May 11, 2017 Today: Lab: Red Hot Penny HW: Finish Lab, Google Form
41
42 Do Now Date: May 12, 2017 Obj: Calculate specific heat based on data from the lab yesterday. Copy: One joule of energy will raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius.
43 Friday, May 12, 2017 Today: W-Up, Work on Lab Calculations, Notes & Practice, Quiz Specific Heat
44 Lab Question #1 What are three unexpected things you saw in the lab yesterday?
45 Lab Question #2 How did we measure the temperature of the water? How did we measure the amount of heat in the water?
46 Practice C = q / m T Calculate the specific heat of a metallic element if 1000 joules of energy are needed to raise the temperature of a 10.0 gram sample 25.0 C to 75.0 C.
47 Practice C = q / m T The temperature of a piece of copper with a mass of 5.0 g changes from 50 C to 58 C when the metal absorbs 1000J of heat. What is the specific heat of copper? J / (g x C)
48 Some Experimental Values Substance J / (g x C) Water 4.18 Iron 0.46 Copper 0.39 Aluminum 0.90 Lead 0.13 Which metal would be feel the coldest to the touch?
49 Some Experimental Values Water has a high specific heat: 4.18 J / (g x C) Lead has a low specific heat: 0.13 J / (g x C) Which will heat up and cool down fastest? What are some implications?
50
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