China Jinping Underground Laboratory and experiments inside. Qian YUE Tsinghua University Mar. 28, 2017
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1 China Jinping Underground Laboratory and experiments inside Qian YUE Tsinghua University Mar. 28, 2017
2 Outline: Physics based on UL China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) Experiments in CJPL-I CJPL-II and planned experiments inside Summary
3 Physics based on UL Dark matter direct detection: Neutrino physics: Double beta decay, Solar neutrino, Geo-neutrino, Supernova neutrino Astroparticle physics: Hydrostatic stellar evolution, Deep underground rock mechanics, seismology and geophysics, Biology;
4 International Main Undergound Laboratories Boulby ZEPLIN DRIFT CJPL CDEX PandaX SNO DEAP CLEAN PICASSO COUPP Y2L KIMS Modane EDELWEISS GRAN SASSO DAMA/LIBRA CRESST WARP XENON Kamioka XMASS Soudan CDMS CoGeNT DUSEL LUX
5 Cosmic-ray flux ( ) Rock overburden of main international UL per year per m 2 600m 700m Soudan Y2L USA Korea 800m Canfranc Spain 1000m Kamioka 1100m Japan Boulby UK Tunnel Mine Deep Underground Lab 1400m LNGS Italy 1500m DUSEL USA 1600m Baksan Russia 1700m Modane France 2100m SNO Canada 2400m CJPL China
6 China Jinping Underground Laboratory JinPing Mountain 2400m 8750m YaLong River CJPL-I 6
7 Convenient transportation Highway+Special road access by car from nearest Xichang airport, cost 2h. Direct flight from many main cities to Xichang.
8 Logistic Condition of CJPL 8
9 Meeting Rooms several meeting rooms(20-50 persons) one large hall (300 persons)
10 Layout of CJPL-I CDEX Traffic Tunnel LBF PandaX Total space: 4000 m 3 Main Lab Space: 6.5(W) x 6.5(H) x 42(L) Preparation Room
11 LBF Neutron detector
12 Background Measurement of CJPL-I Muon flux* ~ 60 muons/year/m 2 *Ref: Chinese Physics C 37, 8 (2013) Rock background (2.0 ±0.4) cm -2 s -1 (Unit : Bq/kg) K-40 Ra-226 (609keV) Th-232 (911keV) Rock Sample < ±0.2 < 0.27 Ground Level(Beijing) ~600 ~25 ~50 Gamma ray flux in CJPL Radon Monitoring (Bq/m 3 ) day
13 Neutron flux Measurement of CJPL-I Fast neutron flux compare with other UL Underground laboratory Fast neutron flux n/cm 2 /s Energy range Depth (m) YangYang MeV 700 Canfranc MeV 800 Gran Sasso MeV 1400 Boulby >0.5MeV 1100 Fast neutron detector Modane MeV 1780 CJPL Hall MeV 2400 CJPL Polyroom MeV 2400 Fast neutron detector (simulation) Thermal neutron measurement Thermal neutron flux: < 4.4 x10-6 n/cm 2 /s
14 LBF in CJPL Low background Facility Sensitivity:<1.0 mbq/kg CJPL and Modane collaborate to measure the samples and improve the sensitivity of the low background facility.
15 CJPL: a short summary Setup and run by THU and EHDC Deepest laboratory in the world ~2400m rock overburden (6720 m.w.e) Muon-induced background is negligible (~60muons/yr/m 2 ) Low natural radioactivity in the laboratory Marble stone with the lowest natural radioactivity Horizontal access to the laboratory Large facilities directly transported to CJPL by truck Personnel access by car 20min from ground site to underground lab Environmental T: <18, save much power 15
16 Recent experiments in CJPL LBF CDEX PandaX Jinping neutrino Experiment 16
17 CDEX: China Dark matter EXperiment Established in 2009, 70 ~ 80 members: Tsinghua University, THU Sichuan University, SCU Nankai University, NKU China Institute of Atomic Energy, CIAE Yalong River Hydropower Company, EHDC Collaborate with TEXONO and KIMS group. part members of the CDEX collaboration
18 PandaX Started in 2009, ~50 people Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2009-) Peking University (2009-) Shandong University (2009-) Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, CAS (2009-) University of Science & Technology of China (2015-) China Institute of Atomic Energy (2015-) Sun Yat-Sen University (2015-) Yalong Hydropower Company (2009-) University of Maryland (2009-) Alternative Energies & Atomic Energy Commission (2015-) University of Zaragoza (2015-) Suranaree University of Technology(2016-)
19 Jinping Neutrino Experiment Solar Neutrino; Discover CNO neutrino and address metallicity problem; Geoneutrino: flux, U/Th n spectra SuperNova neutrino.. 1-ton detector installed
20 CJPL-II PROJECT The dam and tunnel for YL hydropower plant finished in 2014, Time to decide km-long auxiliary tunnels refilled for long-term safety or reused by other project. Expert engineering team and tools would leave from JP tunnel; THU + YL Hydro Company started to consider CJPL phase-ii construction for time saving and money saving in 2013.
21 Symposiums on CJPL Physics DM experiment Double beta decay exp. Solar neutrino exp. Astroparticle physics exp. Rock mechanics exp.
22 CJPL International Advisory Committee Elena Aprile, Alessandro Bettini, John Ellis(chair), Derek Elsworth, Gilles Gerbier, Wick Haxton, Nigel Smith, Yoichiro Suzuki; CJPL-IAC meeting : /
23 CJPL in Jinping tunnels Traffic Tunnel x 2 Intake Drainage tunnel CJPL-II CJPL-I Headrace x 4 Power Station
24 Four 14m*14m*130m main halls Total Volume : ~300K m³ CDEX in CJPL-II Traffic Tunnel Headrace
25 CJPL-II Traffic Tunnel Headrace Four 14m*14m*130m main hall Total Volume including internal connect tunnels: ~300K m³ Science, Nov. 30, 2014
26 Status of CJPL-II Dec. 2015: The rock excavations of all the main halls are completed; May. 2016: Expansion of two sites have been OK; Dec. 2016: Ventilation system start to install.
27 Depth of UL (m) Muon flux in UL (/m 2 /year) ULs in the world(rock overburden) CJPL China 27
28 CJPL-II plan Main Hall Internal traffic tunnel Ground Campus CJPL be candidate project of national major S&T infrastructure of China in 2016.
29 CJPL-II possible users CDEX-1T (Ge DM+DBD Exp.) PandaX-1T (Xe DM Exp.) LAr dark matter experiment Nuclear astroparticle physics Solar neutrino experiment rock mechanics CUPID-China(NLDBD)
30 CDEX future projects at CJPL-II A ton-scale Ge detector composed of the PCGe detector and LN shielding and cooling system in the CJPL-II Both Dark matter and Double Beta Decay CJPL-II space: Φ18m*H30m pit Large cooling tank PCGe array EF-Copper
31 PandaX in CJPL-II 30m 16m
32 Liquid Argon Dark Matter Experiment in CJPL-II Construction of Detector in CJPL-II Outer sector (14x14x14m 3 ): Water Cerenkov detector Middle sector in SS tank (9x9x9m 3 ): Liquid scintillator detector for neutron veto Inner sector (6x6x6m 3 ): Two phase TPC with Underground Ar
33 JINPING Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (JUNA) Experiment JUNA Accelerator concept design JUNA experiment aims at direct measurement of (α,γ), (α,n) reactions in hydrostatic helium burning and (p, γ), (p, α) reactions in hydrostatic hydrogen burning, and will provide key input of nuclear physics for understanding evolution of stars and origin of elements.
34 Summary CJPL with deepest rock overburden in the world run now; Two DM experiments run in and published important physical results. CJPL-II with deepest rock overburden, largest space in the world under setup; Several experiments applying CJPL-II space including: DM, DBD, Neutrino, Astroparticle; The possible users of CJPL-II in the world are welcome.
35 Thank you!
36 CDEX-1 PE room CDEX-10 experiment CDEX-1 Gate
37 CDEX-10 Ge experiment PCGe array with lower energy threshold :CDEX-1: 400eV CDEX-10: <300eV;
38 CDEX-1: Development of HPGe detector, its background understanding and the studies of its performances based on 1kg-scale-mass HPGe detector. CDEX-10: Performances of HPGe array detector system and its passive/active shielding systems. CDEX-10X: Fabrication of HPGe detector and Germanium crystal growth by CDEX. CDEX development stages CDEX-1T: Multi-purpose experiment for dark matter and double beta decay.
39 CDEX-1 results From 2012 on, CDEX-1A (> 700d), CDEX-1B (> 400d); Series physical results published,cogent region excluded definitely with identical technique; Axion dark matter results accepted by PRD; DBD results distributed based on CDEX-1A data; AM results under preparation; PRD88, (2013); PRD90, (2014); PRD90(R), (2014); PRD93, (2016); arxiv: , accepted by PRD; arxiv: Axion-electon couplings with solar axions Axion-electon couplings with dark matter axions
40 CDEX-1T Key technologies Ge purification and Ge crystal growth HPGe detector fabrication Ultra-low background VFE Ultra-pure copper for structure and cables Large-volume cooling tank
41 PandaX apparatus
42 PandaX results Phys. Rev. D 92, (2015) Phys. Rev. Lett 117, (2016)
43 CDEX-1T in CJPL-II
44 Liquid Xeon Darkmatter Experiment-PANDAX in CJPL-II One 20-40T LXe DM detector; Five 200kg HP(10-15bar) Xe136 gas TPC
45 JUNA Astroparticle experiment March 1 st, 2016@CJPL-II
46 Jinping Neutrino Experiment 1-ton Prototype of Jinping Neutrino Experiment Physics goals: 1. Detector design and fabrication 2. Measure fast neutron background 3. Test detection material: water, LS, and slow LS Schedule: 1. Deliver the main body in 2016/12 2. Full assembly by 2017/03 3. Take data in m Design Fabrication
47 Jinping Neutrino Experiment Kilo-Ton scale from 2020
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