ا ثبثذ اسطخ ا بصي. rooftops ا ظب ا غزائ

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Adelia Griffith
5 years ago
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1 ا جشوب غ ١ ش فؼبي رذز ٠ ش ا مبد ث سا دسبة اسزخشجذ ػ بء ا ٢ ثبس ا ثبثذ ضػج ا س ب ٠ ذ ء ف ا سبثك طت ضخ ظ س طخش ػ ر ب ب دف رؼجئ ١ بء زخثش د ف ا لذ فس ا جج ا ش بد دجش أ طشد ا ش بد ث ج ا ششس إدشاق اشؼ ا ش بد لبث الشزؼبي اسطخ ا بصي فذض اسز زبجبد ا ظب ا غزائ ػبداد سىب ا ذفش ٠ بد ف وال لذ اسفشد ا ف ا ىالس ١ ى ث The volcano inactive warning coming eruption account unearthed archaeologists hard disturbed the celestial calm the preceding poured a huge molten rock upon completely burying filling harbor coagulated lava Meanwhile the mountain cinders stone ash rained Pompeii Sparks burning ash ignited the combustible rooftops examine portions conclusions the diet habits residents the excavations at both have yielded classical art such 1

2 2 as jewelry داش ج ا made دا bronze ٠ض شج ا alloy ثبشا copper طبذ tin ش٠ذظل The eruption اس ث tragic بسأ consequences تلا ؼ ا provided ذم ا wealth شث effects سبثلاا volcanoes ١واشج ا surrounding ظ١ذ ا area خمط volcanologists ١واشج ا locate دذد predict ؤج ز ا eruptions داس ث ا saving ربم ا preventing غ destruction ش١ ذر cultures دبفبمث ا portions ءاضجا destroyed ش د conflagration ك٠شد however ى cause تجس destruction ش١ ذر Poisonous بس sulphuric ه١ز٠شجى ا gases داصبغ ا saturated غجش not buoyant سب دصالا atmosphere ج ا sank ذلشغ toward ذ suffocated ك زخا Over يلاخ excavations ت١م ر revealed ذفشو a great ١ظػ deal مفط By analyzing ١ ذر يلاخ data دب ب١ث a zoologist ا ١ذ ا بػ

3 ٠ ششح ػ ١ ػب خ ظذ ث سا رغ ١ شد جغشاف ١ ث د ز جب ت اسزشبس ١٠ زخظظ ١ سبس اثبس سز شبط ء خ ١ ج بث االسطبد ا ج ٠ ادذاس خ ض رسجت ضخ ا ذ ا جضس ج ا زضشس ف ا ؼب بر ثبالضبف جؼ ا زذم ١ مبد ػ بء االثبس ا ١ بو ا ؼظ ١ ضذب ٠ ب مطش بء غس ثؼ ١ ذا ا جشوب ١ س بد خالي رؼض ٠ ض ش ا ؼظب طالء dissects a specimen Scientist have concluded eruption changed geography instance it turned the Sarno course raised level beach Bay of Naples Meteorologists events concluded caused a huge tidal wave affected the world s climate In addition Making investigations archaeologists skeletons victims distilled water to wash away the volcanic ash By strengthening brittle bones paint 3

4 Mount Vesuvius, a volcano located between the ancient Italian cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, has received much attention because of its frequent and destructive eruptions. The most famous of these eruptions occurred in A. D. 79 The volcano had been inactive for centuries.there was little warning of the coming eruption, although one account unearthed by archaeologists says that a hard rain and a strong wind had disturbed the celestial calm during the preceding night. Early the next morning, the volcano poured a huge river of molten rock down upon Herculaneum, completely burying the city and filling in the harbor with coagulated lava Meanwhile, on the other side of the mountain, cinders stone and ash rained down on Pompeii Sparks from the burning ash ignited the combustible rooftops quickly. Large portions of the city were destroyed in the conflagration. Fire, however, was not the only cause of destruction. Poisonous sulphuric gases saturated the air. These heavy gases were not buoyant in the atmosphere and therefore sank toward the earth and suffocated people. Over the years, excavations of Pompeii and Herculaneum have revealed a great deal about the behavior of the volcano. By analyzing data, much as a zoologist dissects a specimen animal, scientist have concluded that the eruption changed large portions of the arca s geography. For instance, it turned the Sarno River from its course and raised the level of the beach along the Bay of Naples. Meteorologists studying these events have also concluded that Vesuvius caused a huge tidal wave that affected the world s climate. In addition to making these investigations, archaeologists have been able to study the skeletons of victims by using distilled water to wash away the volcanic ash. By strengthening the brittle bones with acrylic paint, scientists have been able to examine the skeletons and draw conclusions about the diet and habits of the residents. Finally, the excavations at both Pompeii and Herculaneum have yielded many examples of classical art, such as jewelry made of bronze,which is an alloy of copper and tin The eruption of Mount Vesuvius and its tragic consequences have provided us with a wealth of data about the effects that volcanoes can have on the surrounding area. Today volcanologists can locate and predict eruptions, saving lives and preventing the destruction of cities and cultures 4

5 القطعة مع الترجمة Mount Vesuvius, a volcano located between the ancient Italian cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, has received much attention because of its frequent and destructive eruptions. The most famous of these eruptions occurred in A. D. 79 لذ ر مذ جج ف ١ ض ف ا جشوب ٠ مغ ث ١ ا ذ اال ٠ طب ١ خ ا مذ ٠ خ ث ج ١ شو ال ١ ا ىث ١ ش اال ز ب ثسجت اال فجبساد ا زىشسح ا ذ شح ب. دذس األوثش ش شح ز اال فجبساد ف. 97 The volcano had been inactive for centuries.there was little warning of the coming eruption, although one account unearthed by archaeologists says that a hard rain and a strong wind had disturbed the celestial calm during the preceding night. Early the next morning, the volcano poured a huge river of molten rock down upon Herculaneum, completely burying the city and filling in the harbor with coagulated lava وب ا جشوب لذ شظ ؼذح لش. وب بن ا م ١ ا زذز ٠ ش ا ذالع ا مج خ ػ ا شغ دسبة ادذ لج ػ بء ا ٢ ثبس ا ىزشفخ رم ي إ ا ظؼت ا طش ا ش ٠ بح ا م ٠ خ لذ اخز ا ذ ء أث بء ا ١ ا س ب ٠ خ ا سبثمخ. ف لذ جىش ظجبح ا ١ ا زب رظت ف ش ثشوب ضخ ا ظخ س ا ظ شح ثبصدساء ١ شو ال ١ دف ف ا ذ ٠ خ ر ب ب ء ف ا ١ بء غ ا ذ زخثش Meanwhile, on the other side of the mountain, cinders stone and ash rained down on Pompeii Sparks from the burning ash ignited the combustible rooftops quickly. Large portions of the city were destroyed in the conflagration. Fire, however, was not the only cause of destruction. Poisonous sulphuric gases saturated the air. These heavy gases were not buoyant in the atmosphere and therefore sank toward the earth and suffocated people. ف ا لذ فس ػ ا جب ت ا ٢ خش ا جج ا ذجش ا ش بد ا ش بد أ طشد ث ج ا ششس س بد دشق أشؼ ذ أسطخ ا بصي ا مبث خ الدزشاق ثسشػخ. د شد أجضاء وج ١ شح ا ذ ٠ خ ف ا ذش ٠ ك. ا بس غ ر ه ٠ ى ا سجت ا د ١ ذ زذ ١ ش. ا غبصاد ا سب خ ا شجؼخ ا ىجش ٠ ز ١ ه ف ا اء. وب ذ ز ا غبصاد ا ثم ١ خ ال اصد بس ف ا غالف ا ج ثب زب غشق ذ األسع ا بط ثبالخز بق. 5

6 Over the years, excavations of Pompeii and Herculaneum have revealed a great deal about the behavior of the volcano. By analyzing data, much as a zoologist dissects a specimen animal, scientist have concluded that the eruption changed large portions of the arca s geography. For instance, it turned the Sarno River from its course and raised the level of the beach along the Bay of Naples. Meteorologists studying these events have also concluded that Vesuvius caused a huge tidal wave that affected the world s climate. ػ ش ا س ١ لذ وشفذ ا ذفش ٠ بد ف ث ج ١ شو ال ١ ا ىث ١ ش ػ س ن ا جشوب. خالي رذ ١ ا ج ١ ب بد خ ظذ ثمذس ب ػب ا ذ ١ ا ٠ ششح ػ ١ خ ا ذ ١ ا ػب ثأ ا ذالع رغ ١١ ش أجضاء وج ١ شح جغشاف ١ ب اسوب. ػ سج ١ ا ثبي فئ ب طبسد ش جب ت اسزشبس ١٠ زخظظ ١ سبس ب سفغ سز ا شبطئ ػ ط ي خ ١ ج بث. خ ظذ دساسخ األسطبد ا ج ٠ خ ز األدذاس أ ٠ ضب أ ف ١ ض ف رسججذ جخ ا ذ ا بئ خ ا ز أثشد ػ ا بخف ا ؼب. In addition to making these investigations, archaeologists have been able to study the skeletons of victims by using distilled water to wash away the volcanic ash. By strengthening the brittle bones with acrylic paint, scientists have been able to examine the skeletons and draw conclusions about the diet and habits of the residents. Finally, the excavations at both Pompeii and Herculaneum have yielded many examples of classical art, such as jewelry made of bronze,which is an alloy of copper and tin. ثبإلضبفخ إ جؼ ز ا زذم ١ مبد ر لبدسا ػ ػ بء ا ٢ ثبس دساسخ ١ بو ػظ ١ خ ضذب ٠ ب ثبسزخذا ا بء ا مطش ١ غس ا ش بد ا جشوب. خالي رؼض ٠ ض شبشخ ا ؼظب غ طالء االوش ١ ٠ ه لذ ر ى ا ؼ بء دساسخ ١ بو ػظ ١ خ اسزخالص اسز زبجبد د ي ا ظب ا غزائ ػبداد ا سىب. أخ ١ شا أسفشد أػ بي ا ز م ١ ت ف و ث ج ١ شو ال ١ ا ؼذ ٠ ذ األ ث خ ػ ا ف ا ىالس ١ ى ث ا ج شاد ا ظ ػخ ا جش ض سج ١ ىخ ا ذبط ا مظذ ٠ ش. The eruption of Mount Vesuvius and its tragic consequences have provided us with a wealth of data about the effects that volcanoes can have on the surrounding area. Today volcanologists can locate and predict eruptions, saving lives and preventing the destruction of cities and cultures لذ فشد ا ذالع ثشوب ف ١ ض ف ػ الج ا أسب ٠ خ ب ثش ح ا ج ١ ب بد ػ ا ٢ ثبس ا ز ٠ ى أ رزشرت ػ ا جشاو ١ ف ا طمخ ا ذ ١ طخ ث ب.ا جشاو ١ ٠ ى رذذ ٠ ذ ا ١ ا ز جؤ ثبال فجبساد إ مبر األس اح غ رذ ١ ش ا ذ ا ثمبفبد. 6

3 إنكليزي. 2- Example: gravity keeps us from floating off the ground. 3-Universe: everything that exists in space, including stars and planets.

3 إنكليزي. 2- Example: gravity keeps us from floating off the ground. 3-Universe: everything that exists in space, including stars and planets. 3 إنكليزي اميان اجملذوب : دكتورة املادة our solar system: عنوان احملاضزة األوىل : احملاضزة Vocabulary : 1- Gravity: the force that pulls objects toward a star or planet, such as Earth. 2- Example: gravity