Overview of JYFL TA Activities in ENSAR2

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1 Overview of JYFL TA Activities in ENSAR2 Ari Jokinen ENSAR2 TOWN MEETING April 2018 JYU. Since

2 r e u na vi v a 2 0 dip li o n m u a n k a a se te t t una r e n v u a iv a K1 30 yo ke n m uk a n a s e t et tu na JYFL Accelerator Laboratory Pelletron Commercial applications Medical Reactions ECR BB2 QB7 MARA RITU *RADEF -Space -Microfilters -CLinac K=130 MeV Medical K=30 MeV IGISOL m *RADiation Effects Facility JYU. Since

3 JYFL Accelerator Facilties K130 Accelerating p to Au E = Q 2 /A 130 MeV Annual use: h/year Ion sources: 6.4 GHz ECRIS, 14 GHz ECRIS, 18 GHz ECRIS Multicusp (H -, D - ) Electron linac (Varian) Electrons: 6,9,12,16 or 20 MeV Brehmstrahlung X-rays 6 or 15 MeV MCC30/15 (under development) H MeV d MeV Beam current 200/62 μa New RF ion source Users: IGISOL Radioisotope prod. Pelletron H, He, Cl, Cu, Br, I, + other heavy ion beams; MeV; 4 beam lines available

4 Annual operation of the K Run time as of at 00:00 is hours. The average per year (after ) is hours. JYU. Since

5 Research Groups / Exotic Nuclei and Beams (Jokinen, Moore) / Nuclear Reactions (Trzaska) / Nuclear Spectroscopy (Greenlees) / Ion sources (Koivisto) / / K130 cyclotron usage 2017 IGISOL Industrial apps JUROGAM Accelerator-Based Materials Physics (Sajavaara) LSC MARA RITU Radiation Effects (Virtanen) Applied Beam development JYU. Since

6 Science Metrics / Stable delivery of beam for hours per year to users since 1994 / Typically visitors per year / Typically 100+ refereed journal articles per year / Typically >10 PhD and MSc theses per year (in-house) / Similar number of theses outside users / Outside investment around 10M level / Significant revenue from commercial services / Extremely large number of collaborating institutes / Strong links and co-ordination of research in Europe (FAIR, NuPECC, etc) JYU. Since

7 Nuclear structure at the limits Recoil decay tagging (RDT) with JUROGAM + RITU + GREAT The nuclear spectroscopy group utilizes γ-ray and electron as well as decay spectroscopic methods to shed light on the microscopic structure of the nucleus. Studies focus along the proton dripline and in the region of heavy elements. Focal plane Detectors GREAT Separator RITU JUROGAM Ge array Transfermium nuclei Shape coexistence Proton dripline Collectivity close to 100 Sn N=Z nuclei, A = TDR Total Data Readout GREAT and TDR - UK investments/developments In-beam studies performed at 10 nbarn level JYU. Since

8 The MARA vacuum-mode recoil separator Focal plane Magnetic dipole Electrostatic deflector Quadrupole triplet Target Beam QQQED configuration 1st order resolving power ~260 Angular acceptance 10 msr Probe N Z line up to 112 Ba Decay spectroscopy 100 Sn region Proton dripline spectroscopy rp process pn pairing interaction Mirror nuclei JYU. Since

9 Recent commissioning of MARA Mass/charge ratio of fusion products eg. 58 Ni Cd 164 Os MARA efficiency 50(10)% Recoil-correlated α-energy spectrum vs. m/q spectrum m/q spectra correlated with different α energies Isomeric γ-decay tagging can be enhanced by the mass resolving power 169 Au new isotope 165 Ir gs proton decay seen 170 Hg new alpha emitter 165 Pt new alpha emitter Thanks to J. Uusitalo JYU. Since

10 JUROGAM II to III JUROGAM II ran from 2008 to 2017, hours of beam time for 103 experiments 24(+6) Clover and 15(+3) Phase 1 detectors with anti-compton suppression shields Experimental campaign from 1 Aug to 31 Dec Transport system to move array from RITU target position to the new MARA recoil separator target position HV and pre-amp power supplies, LN 2 autofill system moves with gantry above Ge array JYU. Since

11 JUROGAM III at MARA JYU. Since

12 JUROGAM III at MARA 19th March 2018 JYU. Since

13 The IGISOL-4 facility Off-line ion sources (surface, gas discharge ) K=30 MeV cyclotron Laser ionization (RIB production, actinide spec, rf cavity ) Ground-state nuclear structure State-of-the-art ion manipulation techniques: - ion trapping - atom trapping - optical spectroscopy & lasers Decay spectroscopy Decay spectroscopy Cs atom trap Collinear laser spectroscopy Mass spectrometry & post-trap spectroscopy JYU. Since

14 The JYFLTRAP double Penning trap Purification trap Mass-selective buffer gas cooling (M/ΔM ~10 5 ) Precision trap TOF-ICR method 1 n c = 2 p q m B Precision ~10-8 level (~kev) JYFLTRAP review: T. Eronen et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 48 (2012) 46 JYU. Since

15 Trap-assisted spectroscopy DTAS (total absorption decay spectroscopy) Low-energy Ge array (Univ. of Warsaw) TASISPEC: DSSD array with a Cluster detector and two Clover detectors BELEN-48 for beta-delayed neutrons JYU. Since

16 I220: 78 Ni region relevant both for nuclear structure and for the core collapse of supernova Need: Masses and weakinteraction rates (GT strength) Sensitivity study implies two important regions: 78 Ni and 128 Pd regions C. Sullivan et al., Astrophys. J. 816, 44 (2016) JYU. Since

17 I220 experiment at IGISOL, Nov 2017 Spokespersons for the experiment: B. Bastin (GANIL), A. Kankainen (JYFL) - ENSAR2 support for participants from GANIL, CENBG and IFIN-HH EXPERIMENT: - 7 days, 35 MeV protons on natural uranium target at IGISOL - JYFLTRAP double Penning trap for mass measurements Z=28 RESULTS: - 9 nuclides measured in total - 3 nuclides for the first time - ground and isomeric states separated, PI-ICR technique used for their identification N=50 Exciting results coming out, analysis ongoing! JYU. Since

18 Phase-imaging ion cyclotron resonance PI-ICR is based on the projection of the ion motion in the Penning trap onto a position sensitive detector (MCP with delay line): Offers a 40-fold increase in resolving power 5-fold gain for the precision of cyclotron frequency determination (10-10 level demonstrated) PI-ICR, T acc = 200 ms TOF-ICR, T RF = 1120 cyclotron 76 Cu motion + ms 76 Cu + m1 center TOF, μs E* g.s. m1 g.s. Nubase 2016: E* = 0#(200#) kev, Hz T 1/2 (g.s.) > T 1/2 (m1) JYU. Since

19 Phase-dependent cleaning method Cyclotron phase difference was accumulated -pulse was applied to center 115 In + ions center ( 115 Sn + ) ( 115 Sn + ) 4.3 Hz 500 kev By extending the cleaning time it is possible to reach M/ΔM of 10 7 results in state separation at the 10-keV level TASISPEC in 2017 ( 127m Cd) Isomer-to-gs yields in fission 135m Cs (very low Q-value decays) D. Nesterenko, T. Eronen, A. Kankainen et al., to be submitted (2018) JYU. Since

20 Second-forbidden non-unique beta decay of 20 F In order to determine the EC rate on 20 Ne, we need to measure the inverse g.s. to g.s. beta decay from 20 F Only an upper limit exists for the g.s. to g.s. branch: br. < 1E-5 F. P. Calaprice and D. E. Alburger: Phys. Rev. C 17 (1978) 730 Shell-model predictions: br.= 1.3E-6 A. Idini, A. Brown, K. Langanke, and G. Martinez-Pinedo: PoS NIC XIII (2014) 002 JYU. Since

21 I230 experiment at IGISOL, Jan 2018 Spokesperson: Oliver Kirsebom (Aarhus) ENSAR2-support: PhD students/post docs from Aarhus and CSIC Madrid 9-MeV d beam on BaF2 target 20F beam stopped in a carbon foil LaBr3 detector for normalization (γ-rays) Jan 2018 Spectrometer to transport high-energy electrons to a segmented Scionix plastic scintillator Measured the beta spectrum with the help of this spectrometer! JYU. Since

22 First experimental determination of the g.s. to g.s. branch! First experimental determination of the g.s. beta-decay branch High impact on the EC rate and the fate of medium-mass stars O. Kirsebom et al., in preparation. JYU. Since

23 Laser spectroscopy of Y 2+ fission fragments Discharge ion source/ alkali surface ion source Demonstration of simultaneously available ion beams from two sources fission fragments (2 + ) 30-60kV PMT 30 kv PMT reference ( 89 Y 2+ ) L.J. Vormawah, M. Vilen et al., PRA 97 (2018) , published 16 April 2018 JYU. Since

24 Nuclear reaction studies and reconstruction of LSC cavern NRO127: Study of the ternary decay channel induced by shell effects via the reactions 34 S Pb and 37 Cl Tl (Spokespersons E. Vardaci, E. Kozulin, W. Trzaska) The data analysis is ongoing. Present layout New layout (Summer 2018) JYU. Since

25 New 18 GHz ECRIS (HIISI) Motivation: 1.Nuclear physics experiments, especially studies of super-heavy elements, would benefit from higher intensities at medium charge states, such as Ar 8+ and Xe 26+ (energy > 5 MeV/u). 2.European space industry and radiation effects community need higher-energy, higher-intensity beams in the future. The ion beam cocktail energy should be increased from present 9.3 MeV/u to about 15 MeV/u. deeper penetration in silicon irradiations in air with possibility to tilt Infrastructure funding (Academy of Finland) + ESA financial support. JYU. Since

26 RADEF, Jyväskylä, Finland New 18 GHz Ion Source HIISI and 16.2 MeV/u heavy ion cocktail Present: The 9.3 MeV/u cocktail used at JYFL. Species marked with have m/q 3.3 and all others m/q 3.7 Xe40+ intensity at irradiation station Autumn 2017: The 12.5 MeV/u, m/q = 3.2 cocktail proposed to be used at JYFL with 24 segment magnets. Intensity [counts s] 5,0E+06 4,0E+06 3,0E+06 2,0E+06 1,0E+06 Requirement 0,0E Spring 2018: Xe has been tested: OK The 16.2 MeV/u, m/q = 2.8 cocktail proposed to be used at JYFL with 36 segment magnets In addition, 10 MeV/u 179 Au 54+, LET 94 MeV cm 2 /mg at Bragg peak (@50µm), Full Range 98 µm (SRIM2013) Microwave power [W] Microwave power will be increased by the end of segment hexapole has been constructed ( 1.45 T). HIISI commissiong will be continued in spring 2018.

27 Preliminary HIISI results with 24 segment hexapole ( 1.3 T) HIISI has been tested with oxygen, argon, krypton and xenon JYFL 14 Ghz ECRIS HIISI clearly outperforms the JYFL 14 GHz ECRIS 36-segment hexapole ( 1.45 T) will be tested during the spring 2018.

28 ENSAR2 TA summary (first 18 months) / 22 experiments supported / Total beam time hours 9014 hours / ENSAR2 supported experiments 4632 hours (51,4%) / Support for 84 visitors / Mara workshop : MARA2017: Future in-beam program / April 2018 PAC: 47 % success rate, Backlog 455 days JYU. Since

29 Thank You JYU. Since