Вежба бр. 5 ПАРЕНТЕРАЛНИ ПРЕПАРАТИ

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1 Вежба бр. 5 ПАРЕНТЕРАЛНИ ПРЕПАРАТИ Потребно предзнаење o Дефинирање на парентерални препарати, поделба o Дефинирање на осмоларност и осмолалност Изразување на концентрација на јони во инфузиони раствори Eq mol * val meq mmol * val Теоретска осмоларност mosmol/ l m( mg) * n Mr m-маса на супстанца во mg во 1l раствор n-број на јони (за електролити), за неелектролити=1

2 1. Да се пресмета концентрацијата на поедини јони изразена во meq/l на 0.9% раствор на NaCl. 2. Со јонограм е најдено дека во организмот има недостаток на јони и треба да се спреми инфузија која содржи: Na + =28.8 meq/l K + =19.14 meq/l Cl - =42.2 meq/l HPO 4 2- =5.74 meq/l да се приготви 500ml раствор кој ќе содржи: NaCl, KCl, Na 2 HPO Која е концентрацијата на поедини јони изразена во meq/l во следниот рецепт: Rp/ Natrii Chloridum 8.0 Kalii Chloridum 0.1 Calcii chloridum x 2H2O 0.13 Natrii hydrogencarbonas 0.1 Aqua pro injection ad ml 4. Составете проскрипција за изработка на 250ml на инфузионен раствор ако во серумот има недостаток од следните јони: Na + =52 meq/l K + =18 meq/l Cl - =140 meq/l Доколку е потребно за надополнување користете NH 4 Cl. 5. Одреден инфузионен раствор ги има следните концентрации на поедини јони: Na + =80.75 meq/l K + =9.45 meq/l Cа 2+ =3.55 meq/l NН4 + =60.3 meq/l Колку грами од соодветните соли треба да се земат за приготвување на 250ml инфузионен раствор и составете проскрипција (сите соли се во облик на хлориди). 6. Растворот содржи: Na + = meq/l K + =5.36 meq/l

3 Cа 2+ =8.65 meq/l Cl - =23.30 meq/l лактати= meq/l По колку грама на NaCl, CaCl2 x 6H2O, Na-лактат и KCl треба да се земе за да се приготват 500ml на раствор? 7. Колку грами на KCl и глукоза се потребни за приготвување на 500ml инфузионен раствор кој содржи: K + =46.94 meq/l глукоза= mmol/l 8. Пресметајте колку meq/l има од поедините јони и коку mmol/l глукоза има во растворот Rp/ Natrii Chloridum 4.5 Glucosum anhidricum 24.0 Aqua pro injectione ad Пресметај теоретска осмоларност (mosmol/l) на инфузионен раствор со волумен од 1000ml кој содржи 5% глукоза, 4095mg NaCl и 4mg/20ml KCl. 10. Пресметајте ја теоретската осмоларност на 1000ml, инфузионен раствор кој содржи 5% глукоза, 6g на NaCl, 0.03g/10ml KCl, 300mg CaCl2 и 3.2g на натриум лактат. Мr(натриум лактат)=11

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8 1. Објаснете ја изработката на следниот препарат Rp/ Acidi ascorbici injectio 10g/100ml D.t.d ad ampulae ad 2ml No V S. Ad manum medici Изработка: Acidum ascorbicum 11.0 Natrii hydrogen carbonas 5.0 Natrii chloridum 2.0 Aqua pro injectione ad 100.0ml Аскорбинската киселина и натриум хлоридот се раствораат во мензура во вода за инјекции по што се додава пропишаната маса на натриум хидрогенкарбонат. Растворот се дополнува со вода за инјекции до пропишаниот волумен по што се одредува рн која треба да е од 5 до 6,5. Растворот бактериолошки се филтрира. Во ампулите прво се внесува јаглерод диоксид а потоа се полнат со растворот и се затвораат. Се чуваат заштитени од светлина на температура помала од 8 о С. Aktivni komponenti (karakteristiki, kvalitet) Ekscipiens (osobini, kvalitet) Upotreba Oznaka na signatuра

9 2. Објаснете ја изработката на следниот препарат Rp/ Heparin injection Изработка: Benzyl Alcohol 9.00 Sodium Chloride 9.00 Heparin Sodium Lyophilized (NLT 120 U/g) g Hydrochloric Acid qs Sodium Hydroxide qs Water for Injection, USP, ad 1.00 L Бензил алкохол се раствора во 800ml од водата за инјекции. Потоа се раствораат натриум хлоридот и хепаринот. Се меша и се дополнува со вода за инјекции до пропишаниот волумен. Се одредува рн ( ) и доколку е потребно се подесува со 10% раствори на хлороводородна киселина или натриум хидроксид. Се филтрира низ 0.45µm па низ 0.22µm филтер по што под асептични услови се полни во ампули од 10ml. Aktivni komponenti (karakteristiki, kvalitet) Ekscipiens (osobini, kvalitet) Upotreba Oznaka na signatura

10 3. Објаснете ја изработката и подгответе го следниот препарат Rp/ Natrii chloridi infundibile compositum 100ml Ph Yug IV Aktivni komponenti (karakteristiki, kvalitet) Ekscipiens (osobini, kvalitet)

11 Upotreba Oznaka na signatura 4. Објаснете ја изработката и подгответе го следниот препарат Rp/ Natrii chloridi infundibile cum glucoso 100ml Ph Yug IV

12 Aktivni komponenti (karakteristiki, kvalitet) Ekscipiens (osobini, kvalitet) Upotreba Oznaka na signatura 5. Објаснете ја изработката на следниот препарат Rp/ Dextrani 70 infundibile Изработка: Dextranum (Mr=70000) 60.0 Natrii chloridum 9.0 Aqua pro injectione ad Водата за инјекции се загрева на 80 о С по што се раствора пропишаната маса на натриум хлорид. Во подготвениот раствор се додава декстран и внимателно се меша до исчезнување на опалесценцијата. Се мери рн која треба да биде , доколку рн е пониска од 6.5 се додава натриум хидрогенкарбонат. Се пакува во амбалажа и се стерилизира со соодветна постапка.

13 Aktivni komponenti (karakteristiki, kvalitet) Ekscipiens (osobini, kvalitet) Upotreba Oznaka na signatura

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