9.1 Constructing Scatter Plots

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1 9.1 Constructing Scatter Plots A scatter plot is a plot on the coordinate plane used to compare two sets of data and look for a correlation between those data sets. An association is a relationship or dependence between data. For example, the price of oil and the price of gasoline have a strong association. The daily price of oil and the number of penguins swimming in the ocean on that day most likely have no association at all. However, to find this association we need to make a scatter plot. Start with the Data Before we can make a scatter plot, we need two sets of data that we want to compare. For example, we might compare the number of letters in a student s first name and their math grade. Do people with shorter names tend to score higher in math? Do people with the lowest grades have longer names? These are questions of relationship, or correlation, that we can explore with a scatter plot once have some data. That data set might look like this: Name Nichole Josiah Kame Gungar Roberto Frank John Herman Sami Daimon Letters Grade Name Yolina Johanne Karolinea Kurt Addison Ian Dennis Ophelia Kristina Bradford Letters Grade Prepare the Coordinate Plane Math Grade Letters in Student s Name Now that we have our data, we need to decide how to put this data on the coordinate plane. We can let the!-axis be the number of letters in a student s name and the "-axis be the students overall math grade. Once we have decided this we should label our axes. Next we ll need to decide on a scale and interval. The scale is the low to high number on the axis and the interval is what we count by. Notice first of all that we re only looking at Quadrant I because we won t have negative amounts of letters or negative grades. Since the grades can be from zero to one hundred, we might choose to count by tens on the "-axis giving us a scale of and an interval of 10. Since the letters range from three to nine, we might count by ones on the!-axis. This gives us a scale of 0-10 with an interval of

2 Lesson 9.1 Use the given data to answer the questions and construct the scatter plots. Pathfinder Character Level vs. Total Experience Points Level XP Which variable should be the independent variable (!- 2. Should you use a broken axis? Why or why not? 3. What scale and interval should you use for the!-axis? 4. What scale and interval should you use for the "-axis? 5. Construct the scatter plot. Age vs. Weekly Allowance Age Allowance Which variable should be the independent variable (!- 7. Should you use a broken axis? Why or why not? 8. What scale and interval should you use for the!-axis? 9. What scale and interval should you use for the "-axis? 10. Construct the scatter plot. 334

3 Age vs. Number of Baby Teeth Age Baby Teeth Which variable should be the independent variable (!- 12. Should you use a broken axis? Why or why not? 13. What scale and interval should you use for the!-axis? 14. What scale and interval should you use for the "-axis? 15. Construct the scatter plot. Car Speed (in mph) vs. Gas Mileage (in mpg) Speed Mileage Which variable should be the independent variable (!- 17. Should you use a broken axis? Why or why not? 18. What scale and interval should you use for the!-axis? 19. What scale and interval should you use for the "-axis? 20. Construct the scatter plot. 335

4 Name Date Class 9.9 Scatter Plots Worksheet 1. Use the given data to make a scatter plot. Calories and Fat Per Portion of Meat & Fish Fat (grams) Calories Fish sticks (breaded) 3 50 Shrimp (fried) Tuna (canned in oil) Ground beef (broiled) Roast beef (relatively lean) Ham (light cure, lean and fat) Do the following data sets have a positive, a negative, or no correlation? 2. The size of the bag of popcorn and the price of the popcorn: 3. The increase in temperature and number of snowboards sold: 4. Use the data to predict how much money Tyler would be paid for babysitting hrs. Amount Tyler Earns Babysitting Hours Amount $4 $8 $12 $16 $20 $24 $28 $32 According to the data, Tyler would get paid $ for babysitting hours.

5 Name Date Class 5. Use the given data to make a scatter plot, and describe the correlation. Tall Buildings in U.S. Cities Building City Stories Height (meters) Sears Tower Chicago Empire State Building New York Bank of America Plaza Atlanta Library Tower Los Angeles Key Tower Cleveland Columbia Seafirst Center Seattle NationsBank Plaza Dallas NationsBank Corporate Center Charlotte Tall Buildings in U.S. Cities Height (in meters) Stories Describe the correlation: 6. Make a scatter plot of the data, and draw a line of best fit. Then use the data to predict the percentage of American homeowners in Percent of Americans Owning Homes Year Percent 55.0% 61.9% 62.9% 64.4% 64.2% Prediction:

Name Date Teacher Practice A

Name Date Teacher Practice A Practice A Scatter Plots 1. Use the given data to make a scatter plot. Calories and Fat Per Portion of Meat & Fish Fat (grams) Calories Fish sticks (breaded) 3 50 Shrimp (fried) 9 190 Tuna (canned in oil)

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