Progress in Numerical Methods at ECMWF
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1 Progress in Numerical Methods at ECMWF EWGLAM / SRNWP October 2016 W. Deconinck, G. Mengaldo, C. Kühnlein, P.K. Smolarkiewicz, N.P. Wedi, P. Bauer willem.deconinck@ecmwf.int ECMWF November 7, 2016
2 2
3 The Challenge global spectral transform model EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 3
4 Strong scalability at 3km spectral element finite volume IFS
5 Time-to-solution 8.5 min / day IFS finite volume Spectral element
6 The Challenge Two (possibly) competing factors Time-to-solution Scalability and a constraint Energy-to-solution no. CPUS resolution Power Hard limit for HPC ~ 20MW? < 5km resolution
7 Outline ESCAPE Atlas PantaRhei - FVM EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 7
8 ESCAPE: Energy efficient SCalable Algorithms for weather Prediction at Exascale Disassemble global Extract, redesign Optimize for energy Reassemble global NWP model key components efficiency on new hardware NWP model NWP & Climate dwarfs First dissemination workshop: October, Elsinor, Denmark
9 Dynamics Advection (SL) Elliptic solver (GCR) Spectral transform (SH+biFFT) DWARFS Physical parameterisation Cloud Microphysics (CloudSC) Radiation October 29,
10 Outline ESCAPE Atlas PantaRhei - FVM Atlas, a library for NWP and climate modelling Deconinck et al. 2016, in preparation EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 10
11 Atlas underlies many ESCAPE dwarfs and new numerical developments Regular Lat-Lon (L32) A flexible parallel framework for structured grids unstructured hybrid meshes Octahedral Gaussian (O32) Parallel mesh generation Unstructured mesh Mathematical operators C++ / Fortran
12 Atlas Concepts FunctionSpace Mesh Octahedral Gaussian grid (O32) Finite Volume Spectral Transforms Grid Finite Element Partitions with halo s Field Discontinuous Spectral Element
13 Atlas classifies grids N# O # S# F# L# N16 L16
14 Atlas and unstructured meshes Mesh unstructured hybrid mesh of 2 elements + nodes : Nodes + cells : Cells + edges : Edges Nodes Cells Edges + lonlat : Field + edge_connectivity : Connectivity + cell_connectivity : Connectivity + node_connectivity : Connectivity + edge_connectivity : Connectivity + elements : vector<elements> + node_connectivity : Connectivity + cell_connectivity : Connectivity + elements : vector<elements> Mesh generation EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 14
15 Atlas parallelisation Par t i t i on Par t i t i on 1 Periodic halo HaloExchange in overlap regions 2 Par t i t i on Periodic halo Internal halo EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 15
16 EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 16
17 Atlas not the solution, but enabling MIR (Met. Interpol. & Regrid. Interpolation ESCAPE dwarfs Grid classifications Object Oriented data structures LAM grids Provide spectral transforms GPU aware memory storage IFS Grid-point derivatives Parallel interpolations Object Oriented data structures FVM Object Oriented data structures Parallelisation MARS MetView PRODGEN 17
18 Outline ESCAPE Atlas PantaRhei - FVM P.K. Smolarkiewicz EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 18
19 FVM : Finite Volume Module MPDATA (cf. EULAG) Generalised curvilinear coords Compressible Euler eqns. 2-time-level semi-implicit integration scheme with 3d implicit acoustic, buoyant and rotational modes Terrain following height based EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 19
20 Unstructured mesh but based on IFS reduced Gaussian grids Compatibility with IFS, (direct exchange of collocated quantities) Spectral transforms easy for analysis Visualisation / Post-processing tools Mesh of N24 grid Mesh of O24 grid Octahedral grid (right) improves quality for idealised case studies EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 20
21 Key features and results: steep orography EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 21
22 Key features and results: Dynamical Core Model Intercomparison Project 2016 EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 22
23 Key features and results: Comparison FVM with spectral IFS (matching gridpoints) EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 23
24 Options for 3D governing equations in FVM EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS 24
25 Final remarks - High level of optimization in ECMWF s IFS spectral transforms... the global spectral transform method is not dead, but need to prepare to - Increase the flexibility in discretization choices (and/or hybrid solution procedures) - Develop alternative algorithms and methods that reduce data movement, as well as communication and synchronization - Add numerical and structural (code) flexibility in the effor towards full Earth-System complexity - FVM with compressible NH equations. agreement with spectral IFS Thank you for your attention
26 Progress in Numerical Methods at ECMWF EWGLAM / SRNWP October 2016 W. Deconinck, G. Mengaldo, C. Kühnlein, P.K. Smolarkiewicz, N.P. Wedi, P. Bauer willem.deconinck@ecmwf.int ECMWF November 7, 2016
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