Two new species of the feather mite family Gabuciniidae (Acariformes: Pterolichoidea) from wrens (Passeriformes: Troglodytidae)

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1 DOI: /s W. Stefański Institute of Parasitology, PAS Acta Parasitologica, 2014, 59(4), ; ISSN Two new species of the feather mite family Gabuciniidae (Acariformes: Pterolichoidea) from wrens (Passeriformes: Troglodytidae) Sergey V. Mironov 1 *, Ivan Literak 2, Oldrich Sychra 2 and Miroslav Capek 3 1 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya embankment 1, Saint Petersburg , Russia; 2 Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1-3, Brno, Czech Republic; 3 Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v. v. i., Kvetna 8, Brno, Czech Republic Abstract Two new species of the feather mite family Gabucinidae (Acari: Astigmata) are described from birds of the family Troglodytidae (Passeriformes) from Central America: Piciformobia cinnycerthiae sp. nov. from Cinnycerthia unirufa (Lafresnaye) in Ecuador, and P. henicorhinae sp. nov. from Henicorhina leucosticte (Cabanis) in Costa Rica. These are the first records of mites of the genus Piciformobia Gaud et Atyeo, 1975 from passerine hosts. A renewed diagnosis of the genus Piciformobia and key to all known species are provided. Keywords Acari, Gabuciniidae, Piciformobia, systematics, Troglodytidae, Central America Introduction The feather mite family Gabuciniidae (Acariformes: Pterolichoidea) currently includes about 60 species in 16 genera (Černý 1975; Gaud and Atyeo 1975; De Alzuet et al. 1988; Mironov and Galloway 2003; Proctor et al. 2006; Mironov et al. 2007; Dabert and Alberti 2008). In the plumage of their avian hosts, these medium-sized astigmatan mites ( micrometers long) occupy the primaries and secondaries of the wings and retrices, where they are located in corridors between barbs on the ventral side of vanes. The family Gabuciniidae was established by Gaud and Atyeo (1975) and originally included 13 genera transferred from the family Pterolichidae. The founders of the family provided standard diagnoses and a key to all recognized genera, figures for type species of each and also gave some notes on host associations. Subsequently, three more genera were described (Mironov and Galloway 2003; Mironov et al. 2007); the latter paper also included a table for main diagnostic characters of all gabuciniid genera presently recognized. The majority of known gabuciniid genera (11 of 16) are from non-passeriform host orders, and among them, seven genera are restricted to predatory birds (Accipitriformes and Falconiformes). Other non-passeriform hosts of gabuciniids belong to the orders Cuculiformes, Coraciiformes, Gruiformes, and Piciformes (Gaud 1953, 1966, 1968, 1978; Dubinin 1956; Gaud and Atyeo 1975; De Alzuet et al. 1988). To date, only seven described species from four genera have been recorded from Passeriformes: Artamacarus Gaud and Atyeo, 1975 (1 species), Capitolichus Gaud and Atyeo, 1975 (2 species), Coraciacarus Dubinin, 1956 (2 species), and Gabucinia Oudemans, 1905 (2 species) (Table 1). Among these, only the monotypic genus Artamacarus is exclusively known from passerines, while members of the three other genera are also known from nonpasserine hosts (Gaud and Atyeo 1975). Also De Alzuet et al. (1988) summarized known host associations of gabuciniid genera with families of birds and mentioned the passerine families Campephagidae, Prionopidae and Sturnidae as hosts of gabuciniids based on notes of Gaud and Atyeo (1975). However, the mite species found by Gaud and Atyeo on hosts from these passerine families remain undescribed. In the present paper we describe two new species of the genus Piciformobia Gaud and Atyeo, 1975 from two passerine birds of the wren family Troglodytidae (Passeriformes) *Corresponding author: astigmata@zin.ru

2 Gabuciniid mites from Troglodytidae 569 from Central America, and propose a renewed diagnosis of this genus following the modern format for gabuciniids (Mironov et al. 2007). Material and Methods The materials used for the present study were collected by the junior coauthors (IL, OS and MC) in the course of their ornithological and parasitological survey in the Tapantí National Park (Costa Rica) and by Michaël Moens (Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) who is studying bird symbionts in Ecuador. Birds were captured using mist nets with the permission of relevant authorities in Costa Rica and Ecuador. Captured birds were identified and visually checked for the presence of mites and other ectosymbionts. Detected mites were removed from the hosts with forceps (Costa Rica) or entire infested feathers were removed (Ecuador) and placed in tubes with 96% ethanol. After processing, birds were released back into the wild. Mite specimens were mounted on microslides in Faure medium or PVA according to the standard techniques used for many groups of small acariform mites (Krantz and Walter 2009). General morphological terms and leg chaetotaxy follow Gaud and Atyeo (1996); idiosomal chaetotaxy also follows these authors with the corrections provided by Norton (1998). Descriptions of new species and a generic diagnosis are given in the modern format for gabuciniid mite taxa (Mironov et al. 2007). All measurements are in micrometers (µm). Bird names and classification follow Clements et al. (2013). Abbreviations for access numbers and depositories of specimens: UMMZ Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; ZISP Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia. Results Family Gabuciniidae Gaud and Atyeo, 1975 Genus Piciformobia Gaud and Atyeo, 1975 Type species: Piciformobia tetracanthura Gaud and Atyeo, 1975 by original designation. Diagnosis Both sexes. Gabuciniids with elongated idiosoma, over 2 times longer than wide. Basal inflations on epimerites I, II absent. Dorsolateral sclerotized bridges between bases of epimerites I and II absent. Ventral sclerotized bridge connecting bases of epimerites I absent. Two vertical setae vi present, their bases clearly separated from each other. Scapular setae si short filiform, situated approximately equidistant from midline of body and corresponding setae se. Setae c2 lanceolate, spiculiform, or filiform, situated on hysteronotal shield. Setae c3 lanceolate. Tarsi I, II distinctly shorter than twice the length of the palps. Solenidia σ1, σ2 of genu I present, solenidia σ of genua II and III present. Solenidion σ of genu III situated in basal part of segment. Genual seta cgi variable in size and form, from one half to twice the length of this segment, filiform or noticeably thickened. Male. Opisthosomal lobes well developed, triangular in shape. Inner margin of opisthosomal lobes with blunt-angular extension and with concavity anterior to bases of setae h1. Genital apparatus situated much posterior to level of trochanters IV, near anterior end of anal opening. Corolla of anal suckers with indentations. Genital setae g situated anterior to level of genital papillae. Setae d, e of tarsi IV filiform or short spiniform. Table I. List of gabuciniid species described from passerines Mite species Type host Host family Type locality Reference Artamacarus diacanthurus Gaud and Atyeo, 1975 Capitolichus pitangus De Alzuet et al Capitolichus pyroderi (Trouessart and Megnin, 1885) Coraciacarus muellermotzfeldi Dabert and Alberti, 2008 Coraciacarus punctatus Gaud, 1960 Gabucinia delibata (Robin, 1877) G. gladiscapulata Gaud, 1960 Piciformobia cinnycerthiae sp. nov. P. henicorhinae sp. nov. Artamus leucorhynchus (Linnaeus) Pitangus sulfuratus (Linnaeus) Pyroderus scutatus (Shaw) Heteralocha acutirostris (Gould) Artamidae Philippines Gaud and Atyeo 1975 Tyrannidae Argentina De Alzuet et al Cotingidae South America Trouessart and Mégnin 1885; Gaud and Atyeo 975 Callaeatidae New Zealand Dabert and Alberti 2008 Corvus albicollis Latham Corvidae Ruanda Gaud 1960 Corvus corone Linnaeus Corvidae Europe Robin and Mégnin 1877; Gaud and Mouchet 1959 Corvus albicollis Latham Corvidae Ruanda Gaud 1960 Cinnicerthia unirufa (Lafresnaye) Henicorhina leucosticte (Cabanis) Troglodytidae Ecuador Present study Troglodytidae Costa Rica Present study

3 570 Sergey V. Mironov et al. Female. Epigynum present, horsehoe-shaped or semicircular. Setae e2 and f2 dilated, lanceolate. Setae g situated anterior to genital papillae. Hysteronotal shield represented by large main piece occupying most of the dorsal area of hysterosoma, a pair of heavily sclerotized lateral bands stretching along lateral margins of hysterosoma and a pair of opisthosomal pieces near posterolateral margins of opisthosoma. Posterior end of opisthosoma with pair of short conical extensions bearing setae h3. Included species: Piciformobia ani (Černý, 1975), P. guirae De Alzuet, Cicchino and Abrahamovich, 1988, P. tetracanthura Gaud and Atyeo, 1975, and two new species described below. Remarks. The genus Piciformobia was originally established by Gaud and Atyeo (1975) based on the single species Piciformobia tetracanthura Gaud and Atyeo, 1975 from Galbula cyanescens Deville (Piciformes: Galbulidae). In discussing host-parasite associations of this genus, these authors noted that they had on the hand three Piciformobia species collected from birds of the families Galbulidae, Bucconidae (Piciformes) and Momotidae (Coraciiformes). Unfortunately, exact names of hosts from the two latter families were not given and the corresponding mite species have never been described. Later, De Alzuet et al. (1988) described one more species, P. guirae De Alzuet et al., 1988 from the Guira Cuckoo Guira guira (Gmelin) (Cuculiformes: Cuculidae) and transferred to this genus Coraciacarus ani Černý, 1975 associated with cuckoos of the genus Crotophaga Linnaeus. Thus, to date, the genus Piciformobia has included three species. Two new species described herein are from passerine hosts of the family Troglodytidae (Passeriformes) that is the first record of Piciformobia species from birds of this order. Gaud and Atyeo (1975, 1996) indicated that the genus Piciformobia could be distinguished from two other closely related gabuciniid genera, Capitolichus and Coraciacarus, by the presence of dilated setae c2 in Piciformobia. At the same time these authors noted (Gaud and Atyeo 1975) that Piciformobia seems most closely related to the genus Coraciacarus based on setae g in males being anterior to the genital papillae in these two genera. This statement seems to be poorly grounded because many characters in females of Piciformobia, in particular, setae f2 being lanceolate in form and the lateral bands and opisthosomal shields being separated from the main body of hysteronotal shield, suggest that this genus is closer to Capitolichus, as Coraciacarus females have filiform setae f2 and the opisthosomal and lateral fragments of the hysteronotal shield not separated from the main body. Additionally, the structure of setae c2 in two new Piciformobia species (spiculiform in one and filiform in the other) shows that the form of these setae is variable among species, and hence not a good discriminating character for gabuciniid genera. Thus, the only clear feature of Piciformobia differentiating it from Capitolichus is the position of setae g anterior to the genital papillae, whilst in the latter genus these setae are situated posterior to these papillae. Piciformobia henicorhinae sp. nov. (Figs. 1 3) Type material: Male holotype (ZISP 5076), 6 male and 5 female paratypes from Henicorhina leucosticte (Cabanis) (Passeriformes: Troglodytidae), Costa Rica, Tapantí National Park, Sector Tapantí, Cordillera de Talamanca Mts., h=1200 m, N, W, 1 August 2009, coll. I. Literak, O. Sychra and M. Capek. Depositories: Holotype, 5 male and 4 female paratypes ZISP, 1 male and 1 female paratypes UMMZ. Description Male (holotype, range for 5 paratypes in parentheses). Gnathosoma almost rectangular, length including palps 55 (54 56), width at base 53 (50 55). Idiosoma length from anterior end to lobar apices 388 ( ), greatest width at level of humeral shields 182 ( ); length of hysterosoma 285 ( ). Prodorsal shield: with long antero-lateral extensions protruding to margins of propodosoma between trochanters I and II, lateral margins with narrow incisions extending to bases of setae se, greatest length 90 (86 92), width at posterior margin 108 ( ). Setae vi and si minute, about 5 long. Distance between bases of scapular setae: se:se 55 (53 55), si:si 29 (28 30). Subhumeral setae c3 lanceolate, 20 (19 20) long. Hysteronotal shield: greatest length from anterior margins to bases of setae h3 280 ( ), length along midline 186 ( ), width at anterior margin 155 ( ), anterior margin slightly concave, surface without ornamentation, anterior ends of lateral bands extending to midlevel between trochanters III and IV. Lobar areas of hysteronotal shield not separated from main body of hysteronotal shield. Setae c2 spiculiform, 13 (11 13) long, situated in anterior angles of hysteronotal shield, cupules ia immediately posterior to their bases. Setae e1 situated posterior to level of hysteronotal gland openings. Posterior ends of opisthosomal lobes with small ovate membranous extensions situated subapically, inner margins of lobes with blunt-angular extension and with distinct concavity anterior to bases of setae h1, inner lobar membranes developed only in anterior half of lobes. Length of terminal cleft from anterior end to lobar apices 97 (82 100), wide at level of setae h1 78 (72 80). Distances between dorsal setae and gland openings: c2:d2 82 (80 85), d2:e2 135 ( ) e2:h3 56 (50 58), d2:gl 46 (40 46), gl:e1 11 (11 13), h3:h3 104 (95 110). Lengths of lanceolate setae of opisthosomal lobes: e2 22 (20 22), f2 16 (15 18), h1 14 (14 15). Epimerites I extending to bases of coxal setae 1a. Genital apparatus 14 (14 17) 20 (20 22), aedeagus extending to its base. Bases of setae 4a apposed. Setae g situated slightly anterior to genital papillae. Setae 3a and 4b approximately at same transverse level. Distances between ventral setae: 4b:g 35 (30 35), g:4a 88 (85 90), 4a:ps3 9 (9 12), ps3:h3 75 (75 80). Anal suckers 17 (15 17) in diameter, corolla with indentations.

4 Gabuciniid mites from Troglodytidae 571 Fig. 1A, B. Piciformobia henicorhinae sp. nov., male. A dorsal view, B ventral view Femora II with ventral crest (Fig. 3G). Seta cg of genu I filiform, 12 (10 12) long (Fig. 3A). Solenidion σ1 of genu I 8 (8 11) long, nearly twice as long as solenidion σ2. Solenidion φ of tibia IV slightly longer than corresponding tarsus. Setae d, e of tarsi IV short spine-like (Figs. 3E, F). Length of tarsi: I, II 22 (22 24), III, IV 24 (22 25). Ambulacral disc of tarsus I ovate and in longitudinal diameter noticeably longer than the more circular-shaped amublacral discs of tarsi II IV. Female (range for 5 paratypes). Gnathosoma, length width, Idiosoma, length width, , length of hysterosoma Prodorsal shield shaped as in male, , incisions in lateral margins encompass bases of setae se. Setae vi and si minute, about 5 long. Distance between bases of scapular setae: se:se 70 80, si:si Subhumeral setae c3 lanceolate, long. Hysteronotal shield: main body with almost straight anterior margin, anterior angles acute, posterior end roughly semicircular in shape, length, , wide at anterior margin , surface without ornamentation. Setae c2 spiculiform, long, situated in anterior angles of hysteronotal shield, cupules ia immediately posterior to them. Lateral bands well separated from main body of hysteronotal shield, heavily sclerotized along all their length, their anterior ends extending to level of subhumeral setae c3, posterior

5 572 Sergey V. Mironov et al. half turned onto ventral side of hysterosoma and extending to bases of setae h3, which are situated on small conical extensions of opisthosoma. Opisthonotal shield fragments also completely separated from main body of hysteronotal shields, represented by oblique sclerites long on postero-lateral margins of opisthosoma. Distances between dorsal setae and gland openings: c2:d , d2:e , e2:h , d2:gl 46 55, gl:e , h1:h , h3:h Lengths of lanceolate setae of opisthosoma: e , f Epimerites I not extending to setae 1a. Epigynum semicircular, long, wide. Setae 4b situated on very tips of epigynum. Distances between ventral setae: 4b:g 60 66, g:4a 50 55, ps2:ps , ps2:ps Fig. 2A, B. Piciformobia henicorhinae sp. nov., female. A dorsal view, B ventral view

6 Gabuciniid mites from Troglodytidae 573 Fig. 3A I. Piciformobia henicorhinae sp. nov., details. A C legs I III of male, dorsal view; D tibia and tarsus I, ventral view, E tibia and tarsus IV of male, dorsal view, F tibia and tarsus IV of male, ventral view, G, H tibiae and tarsi III, IV of female, dorsal view, I opisthosoma of male, ventral view. be blunt-angular extension of lobe, inm inner lobar membrane, me membranous subapical extension of lobe. Scale bars: A H = 50 µm, I = 100 µm Femora II with ventral crest. Setae cg of genua I filiform, long, solenidia σ1i long. Length of tarsi: I 24 25, II 26 28, III 32 34, IV Ambulacral discs of tarsi I, III, IV ovate, discs of tarsi II circular; discs of tarsi III, IV slightly longer than discs of tarsi I and about 1.5 times longer than discs of tarsi II. Differential diagnosis. Among previous known species, Piciformobia henicorhinae sp. nov. is closest to P. ani De Alzuet, Cicchino and Abrahamovich, 1988 by having roughly rounded posterior end of hysteronotal shield in female and by the absence of ornamentation on dorsal shields in both sexes. The new species differs from P. ani and other previously known Piciformobia species by a number of features. In both sexes, setae vi are minute and much shorter than chelicerae, setae c2 are spiculiform (about 10 long), seta cg of genu I is shorter than this segment; in males, the lobar areas of hysteronotal shield are not separated from the main body of this shield, epimerites I extend to the bases of

7 574 Sergey V. Mironov et al. setae 1a, setae d and e of tarsi IV are short spine-like, solenidion φ of tibia IV is slightly longer than tarsus IV excluding ambulacral disc. In both sexes of P. ani and other two previously known species, setae vi are filiform and are more than half the length of the chelicerae, setae c2 are lanceolate (about 25 long), seta cg of genu I is times longer than this segment; in males, the lobar areas of hysteronotal shield are separated or clearly delimited by oblique groove from the main body of this shield, epimerites I do not extend to bases of setae 1a, setae d, e of tarsi IV are filiform, solenidion φ of tibia IV is approximately half as long as tarsus IV. Etymology. The specific epithet derives from the generic name of the type host and is a noun in the genitive case. Piciformobia cinnycerthiae sp. nov. (Figs. 4, 5, 6A C) Type material: Male holotype (ZISP 5086) from Cinnycerthia unirufa (Lafresnaye) (Passeriformes, Troglodytidae), Ecuador, Province of Loja, Municipality of Yangana, Podocarpus National Park, Cerro Toledo, S, W, h=3000 m, 3 October 2012, coll. M. Moens; 1 male and 2 female paratypes from same host, Ecuador, Province of Loja, Municipality of Yangana, Podocarpus National Park, Cerro Toledo, S, W, h=2500, 2 August 2012, coll. M. Moens. Depositories: Male holotype, and 1 female paratype ZISP, 1 male and 1 female paratypes UMMZ. Description Male (holotype, measurements for 1 paratype in parentheses). Gnathosoma, length width, 55 (58) 62 (66). Idiosoma, length width, 423 (450) 215 (225), length of hysterosoma 312 (325). Prodorsal shield: with long and wide antero-lateral extensions protruding to margins of propodosoma between trochanters I and II, lateral margins without incisions, greatest length 86 (95), width at posterior margin 108 (110). Setae vi and si minute filiform, about 5 long. Distance between bases of scapular setae: se:se 51 (55), si:si 23 (26). Subhumeral setae c3 lanceolate, 22 (23) long. Hysteronotal shield: greatest length 320 (345), length along midline 225 (250), width at anterior margin 145 (155), anterior margin double curved, surface except lobar area with small circular lacunae and with single median stria, anterior ends of lateral bands extending to midlevel between trochanters III and IV. Lobar areas of hysteronotal shield not separated from main body of this shield. Setae c2 filiform, 10 (13) long, situated in anterior angles of hysteronotal shield, cupules ia immediately posterior to their bases. Setae e1 situated slightly posterior to level of hysteronotal gland openings. Posterior ends of opisthosomal lobes with small semi-ovate membranous extensions situated almost apically, inner margins of lobes with blunt-angular ledge and with shallow concavity anterior to bases of setae h1, inner lobar membranes gradually decreasing in width up to lobar apices. Length of terminal cleft from anterior end to lobar apices 100 (110), wide at level of setae h1 95 (100). Distances between dorsal setae and openings: c2:d2 92 (105), d2:e2 160 (165), e2:h3 60 (75), d2:gl 70 (72), gl:e1 7 (11), h3:h3 135 (145). Lengths of lanceolate setae of opisthosomal lobes: e2 31 (33), f2 29 (26), h1 29 (22). Epimerites I extending to bases of setae 1a. Genital apparatus 11 (13) x 14 (17), aedeagus short, not extending to its base. Bases of setae 4a apposed. Setae g situated anterior to genital papillae. Setae 3a and 4b approximately at same transverse level. Distances between ventral setae: 4b:g 26 (28), and g:4a 120 (125), 4a:ps3 14 (13), ps3:h3 88 (100). Anal suckers 22 (24) in diameter, corolla with indentations. Femora I, II without ventral crest. Seta cg of genu I spiculiform, 12 (11) long. Solenidion σ1 of genu I 7 (9) long, slightly longer than solenidion σ2 (Fig. 6B). Solenidion φ of tibia IV 1.5 times longer than corresponding tarsus. Setae d, e of tarsi IV short spine-like (Fig. 6C). Length of tarsi: I, II 22 (22), III 20 (23), IV 23 (24). Ambulacral disc of tarsi I, III, IV ovate and subequal in length, noticeably longer than nearly circular ambulacral discs of tarsi II. Female (range for 2 paratypes). Gnathosoma, length width, Idiosoma, length width, , length of hysterosoma Prodorsal shield shaped as in male, , posterior part with very small circular lacunae. Setae vi and si minute, about 5 long. Distance between bases of scapular setae: se:se 60 66, si:si Subhumeral setae c3 lanceolate, long. Hysteronotal shield: main body with slightly concave anterior margin, anterior angles rounded, posterior end semi-ovate in shape, length , width at anterior margin , entire surface with small circular lacunae. Setae c2 filiform, long, situated in anterior angles, cupules ia immediately posterior to them. Lateral bands well separated from main body of hysteronotal shield, heavily sclerotized along all their length, their anterior ends extending beyond level of setae c3, posterior half turned onto ventral side of hysterosoma and extending to bases of setae h3. Opisthonotal shield fragments completely separated from main body of hysteronotal shields, represented by oblique sclerites long on postero-lateral margins of opisthosoma. Distances between dorsal setae and openings: c2:d , d2:e , e2:h , d2:gl 80 85, gl:e , h1:h , h3:h Lengths of lanceolate setae of opisthosoma: e , f Epimerites I not extending to setae 1a. Epigynum semicircular, long, wide. Setae 4b situated on epigynum, closely to its tips. Distances between ventral setae: 4b:g 70 88, g:4a 62 80, ps2:ps , ps2:ps Femora II with ventral crest. Setae cg of genua I spiculiform, long, solenidia σ1 8 9 long. Length of tarsi: I, II 24 26, III 29 31, IV Ambulacral discs of tarsi I, II, IV ovate; ambulacral disc of tarsi II circular; discs of tarsi III, IV noticeably longer than those of tarsi I, II.

8 Gabuciniid mites from Troglodytidae 575 Fig. 4A, B. Piciformobia cinnycerthiae sp. nov., male. A dorsal view, B ventral view Differential diagnosis. Piciformobia cinnycerthiae sp. nov. is closest to the previous species, P. henicorhinae; these two species constitute a distinct species grouping within the genus Piciformobia and can be characterized as follows: in both sexes, setae vi are minute and much shorter than chelicerae, seta cg of genu I is shorter than this segment in males, the lobar areas of hysteronotal shield are not separated from the main body of this shield, epimerites I extend to the bases of setae 1a, setae d and e of tarsi IV are spinelike, and solenidion φ of tibia IV is slightly longer than tarsus IV. The new species differs from P. henicorhinae by the following features: in both sexes, the hysteronotal shield bears numerous small circular lacunae, setae c2 are filiform, setae cg of genua I are spiculiform, the prodorsal shield has

9 576 Sergey V. Mironov et al. Fig. 5A, B. Piciformobia cinnycerthiae sp. nov., female. A dorsal view, B ventral view no lateral incisions; in males, the hysteronotal shield has a single median stria, femora II have no ventral crests. In both sexes of P. henicorhinae, the hysteronotal shield lacks any ornamentation, setae c2 are short spiculiform, setae cg of genua I are filiform, the prodorsal shield has lateral incisions extending at least to the bases of setae se; in males, the hysteronotal shield has no median stria, and femora II have a distinct ventral crest.

10 Gabuciniid mites from Troglodytidae 577 Fig. 6A H. Mites of the genus Piciformobia, details of males. A Piciformobia cinnycerthiae sp. nov., ventral view of opisthosoma, B same, dorsal view of leg I, C same, dorsal view of tarsus IV, D P. ani, dorsal view of opisthosomal lobe, E same, dorsal view of genu I, F P. tetracanthura, dorsal view of opisthosomal lobe, G same, dorsal view of genu I, H same dorsal view of tarsus IV. be blunt-angular extension of lobe, inm inner lobar membrane, me membranous subapical extension of lobe. Scale bars: B, C, E, G, H =50 µm, A, D, F = 100 µm Etymology. The specific epithet derives from the generic name of the type host and is a noun in the genitive case. Key to species of Piciformobia 1. In both sexes, setae cg of genua I thickened and times longer than the segment (Figs. 6E, G), setae vi longer than half the length of chelicerae, setae c2 lanceolate, long. In males, lobar areas of hysteronotal shield separated or clearly delimited from main body of this shield (Figs. 6D, F); epimerites I not extending to bases of setae 1a; setae d, e of tarsi IV filiform; solenidion φ of tibia IV half as long as tarsus IV excluding ambulacral disc (Fig. 6H)

11 578 Sergey V. Mironov et al. In both sexes, setae cg of genua I shorter than this segment, filiform or slightly thickened (Fig. 3A), setae vi minute and much shorter than chelicerae; setae c2 spiculiform or filiform, about 10 long. In males, lobar areas of hysteronotal shield not separated or delimited from main body of this shield (Fig. 1A), epimerites I not extending to bases of setae 1a; setae d, e of tarsi IV short, spine-like, solenidion φ of tibia IV slightly longer than tarsus IV (Figs. 3E, F) Prodorsal shield without lateral incisions, although small desclerotized areas around setae se can be present in females; hysteronotal shield with small circular lacunae. In males, solenidion σ1 of genu I over a half the length of this segment (Fig. 6G) P. tetracanthura Gaud and Atyeo, Prodorsal shield with pair of lateral incisions surrounding bases of setae se, hysteronotal shield has different ornamentation or is without ornamentation. In males, solenidion σ1 of genu I shorter than half the length of this segment (Fig. 6E) In males, length of setae e2 about 2/3 of distance between setae e2 and h2. In females, posterior end of hysteronotal shield with convex, strongly uneven margin; setae e1 situated at level of hysteronotal gland openings or slightly anterior to it P. ani (Černý, 1975) In males, setae e2 almost extending to level of setae h2. In females, posterior end of hysteronotal shield with narrow and acute median extension; setae e1 situated posterior to level of hysteronotal gland openings p. guirae De Alzuet, Cicchino and Abrahamovich, In both sexes, hysteronotal shield without ornamentation, setae c2 spiculiform, setae cg of genua I filiform, prodorsal shield with pair of lateral incisions extending to setae se (Figs. 1A, 2A). In males, hysteronotal shield without a median stria P. henicorhinae sp. nov. In both sexes, hysteronotal shield with very small circular or unevenly-shaped lacunae; setae c2 filiform, setae cg of genua I spiculiform, prodorsal shield without lateral incisions (Figs. 4A, 5A). In males, hysteronotal shield with a median stria P. cinnycerthiae sp. nov. Acknowledgements. The authors thank Michaël Moens (Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain) for providing with the material collected in Ecuador and Dr. H.C. Proctor (University of Alberta, Canada) for critically reviewing of the manuscript. The field study in Costa Rica was permitted by the Ministerio del Ambiente, Energia y Telecomunicaciones de Costa Rica (No SINAC); collections in Ecuador were made under permission by the Ministry of Environment, Ecuador (No IC-FAU- DPL-MA). The investigation was supported by the Russian Fund for Basic Research (Grant No ) for SVM, and field research by IL, OS and MC was funded by the Grant Agency of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic(No. IAA ). References Černý V Parasitic mites of Surinam XXXII. New species of feather mites (Sarcoptiformes, Analgoidea). Folia Parasitologica, 22, Clements J.F., Schulenberg T. S., Iliff M.J., Sullivan B.L., Wood C.L., Roberson D The ebird/clements Checklist of Birds of the World: Version 6.8. Downloaded from cornell.edu/clementschecklist/downloadable-clementschecklist [Accessed: 17 November 2013]. Dabert J., Alberti G A new species of the genus Coraciacarus (Gabuciniidae, Pterolichoidea) from the huia Heteralocha acutirostris (Callaeatidae, Passeriformes), an extinct bird species from New Zealand. 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Texas Technical University Press, Lubbock, TX, USA, 807 pp. Mironov S.V., Galloway T. D Two new feather mites (Acari, Astigmata) from the turkey vulture Cathartes aura in Canada. The Canadian Entomologist, 135, DOI: / N Mironov S.V., Proctor H.C., Barreto M., Zimmerman J New feather mites of the family Gabuciniidae (Astigmata: Pterolichoidea) from New World raptors (Aves: Falconiformes). The Canadian Entomologist, 139, DOI: /n Proctor H.C., Zimmerman G., Meyer K A new feather mite, Aetacarus elanoides sp. n. (Acari: Gabuciniidae), from the Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus (Linnaeus) (Falconiformes: Accipitridae; Perninae). Zootaxa, 1252, Norton R Morphological evidence for the evolutionary origin of Astigmata (Acari: Acariformes). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 22, DOI: /A: Robin C., Mégnin P., Mémoire sur les Sarcoptides plumicoles. Journal de l Anatomie et de la Physiologie Normales et

12 Gabuciniid mites from Troglodytidae 579 Pathologiques de l Homme et des Animaux, Paris, 13, , , , pls. XII, XIII, XXII- XXIX, XXXVI-XXXVIII. Trouessart E.L., Mégnin P Les Sarcoptides plumicoles ou Analgésinés. Octave Doin, Paris. 84 pp. + 2 pls. Received: March 20, 2014 Revised: May 5, 2014 Accepted for publication: June 27, 2014