The ISS-CREAM Silicon Charge Detector for identification of the charge of cosmic rays up to Z = 26

Transcription

1 The ISS-CREAM Silicon Charge Detector for identification of the charge of cosmic rays up to Z = 26 J. Lee SungKyunKwan Univ. (ISS-CREAM Collaboration)

2 ISS-CREAM Collaboration 50 people from 8 institutes from 4 countries (Korea, USA, France, Mexico) & 6 NASA Facilities & CERN 2

3 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Balloon Flight Heritage 3. ISS-CREAM Payload 4. Silicon Charge Detector (SCD) 5. SCD Performance 6. Summary 3

4 32 orders of magnitude 1. Introduction E ev Direct Measurements BACCUS AMS, CALET, ISS-CREAM Indirect Measurements E

5 2. Balloon Flight Heritage CREAM History and Heritage 7 Balloon Flights 2004 CREAM 1 (42 days) 1-layer SCD CREAM 2 6 (119 days total) 2-layer SCD BACCUS (30 days) 2-layer SCD 5

6 2. Balloon Flight Heritage Dual Layer SCD for CREAM flights in and 2016 Charge Measurement by the Dual-Layer SCD Excellent charge measurement of cosmic rays Charge range: Z =1-26 Charge resolution = 0.2 e 6

7 3. ISS-CREAM Payload (Why ISS-CREAM?) Achievement of Balloon-borne CREAM: Discrete Hardening in Energy Spectra (Ahn et al., ApJ 714, L89, 2010) Nominal 3-year data collection 365 days/year 4 Layer SCD Need More Statistics! days/year 2-layer SCD 7

8 3. ISS-CREAM Payload Electronics Rack (1 of 3) ATCS Grapple Fixture (1 of 2) 4-layer SCD Targets PIU TCD Instrument Calorimeter BSD Electronics Readout Box Calorimeter Composite Base Plate Fluid Loop Accumulators Power Distribution Boxes Vents (1 of 2) BCD Instrument HPDs (2 of 4) BSD Instrument Not Shown (Located behind Power Distribution Boxes - Housekeeping Box - Science Flight Computers 8

9 3. ISS-CREAM Payload (at ISS) Exposed Facility of Japanese Experiment Module EFU2 9

10 4. Silicon Charge Detector (SCD Group) SungKyunKwan University (SKKU): I.H. Park, J. Lee, H.Y. Lee, J.A. Jeon, S. Jeong, G.H. Choi, G.H. Hong, and more. Yonsei University: J.N. Choi Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH): H.S. Choi 10

11 4. Silicon Charge Detector (Specification) 11

12 4. Silicon Charge Detector (Design, Fabrication & Assembly) 12

13 4. Silicon Charge Detector (Instrument Level Space Environment Tests at Korea) Thermal Vacuum Test Vibration Test G FEA prediction = 99.3 Hz 13 Hz

14 4. Silicon Charge Detector (Time Line of Integration & Payload Level Space Environment Tests) SCD Delivered to NASA WFF ISS-CREAM Integration Cosmic muon events by External Trigger ISS-CREAM Space Environment Test EMC Cosmic muon events by External Trigger Vibration Thermal Vacuum ISS-CREAM Delivered to KSC Cosmic muon events by External Trigger Final check-up of ISS-CREAM before Cosmic muon events by External Trigger 14

15 4. Silicon Charge Detector (Integration & Payload Level Space Environment Tests at NASA) ISS-CREAM Payload Integration EMC Test Vibration Test Thermal Vacuum Test 15

16 5. SCD Performance: dead electronics channels Before After Final SCD 1 st layer 48 channels 48 channels 48 channels 2 nd layer 0 channels 00 channels 0 channels Stable! 3 rd layer 66 channels channels 34 channels 4 th layer 48 channels 48 channels 49 channels 16

17 5. SCD Performance: SCD Response to Muons Response of a sensor (16 ch) to muons Shaded: before Payload Level Space Environment Tests Un-shaded: after Fit distributions of 13 th pixel w/ Gaussian for pedestal & Landau of Muon signal Before MPV before = 31.9 ± 2.5 MPV after = 31.4 ± th pixel # hits vs. pedestal subtracted ADC After 17

18 5. SCD Performance: SCD Response to Heavy Ions Histogram = SCD response = ADC = de/dx Z 2 Curve = Best Fit to Histogram single-layer 2-layer average 3-layer average 4-layer average δζ as # of layer Refer to the talk Charge resolution of the ISS-CREAM SCD measured with a heavyion beam by G.H. Hong at 5:30 PM in this session 18

19 6. Summary SCD was delivered to WFF in July, 2014 after assembly and the instrument level space environment tests SCD has been integrated onto ISS-CREAM and tested by May, SCD in ISS-CREAM has gone through the space environment tests till mid August, 2015 The SCD performance has not deteriorated during and after the space environment tests. # of dead and noisy channels stable, electronics gain stable Responses of SCD channels to muons measured ISS-CREAM was delivered to Kennedy Space Center in August, 2015 The final check-up ISS-CREAM before the launch was carried out at Kennedy Space Center in September, The heavy ion calibration using a 4-layer prototype SCD was carried out at CERN in November, 2016 to confirm δζ < 0.2. ISS-CREAM is scheduled to be launched on August 10,

20 ISS-CREAM at Kennedy Space Center 20

21 Backup Slides 21

22 Related Contributions Orals The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass Project (at 1:30PM on July 14) This talk Charge resolution of the ISS-CREAM SCD measured with a heavy-ion beam (at 5:30 PM in this session) Posters (the session starting at 15:00 on July 13) Status of the Top and Bottom Counting Detectors for the ISS-CREAM Experiment Simulation Status of the Top and Bottom Counting Detectors for the ISS- CREAM Experiment Performance of the ISS-CREAM Calorimeter The ISS-CREAM Instrument 22