Univariate Statistics. Z-Score

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1 Univariate Statistics Z-Score

2 The Sorted Score or Z-Score The standard score or z score of a data value gives the number of standard deviations that it differs from the mean. raw score mean z score = = standard deviation x x s The value of a z score value gives us its relationship to the mean z score > 0 à data value > mean. z score = 0 à data value = mean. z score < 0 à data value < mean. Standard or z scores enable comparisons to be made between data sets with different means and standard deviations, to determine which score is a better/worse result.

3 Concept Explorer The mean percentage on a test was 60 and the standard deviation was 13. Find the z score for the following test results : (i) 82% (ii) 45%

4 Concept Explorer (Answer) The mean percentage on a test was 60 and the standard deviation was 13. Find the z score for the following test results : (i) 82% (ii) 45% z = z = = 1.69 = 1.15

5 Concept Explorer The mean percentage on a test was 60 and the standard deviation was 13. Find the test result for a student whose z score is 0.81.

6 Concept Explorer (Answer) The mean percentage on a test was 60 and the standard deviation was 13. Find the test result for a student whose z score is = test score test score = = %

7 Concept Explorer Luke scored 68% on a Mathematics test and 78% on an English test. Which was the relative better performance, given the overall class results in the table below? Class Mean SD English Maths 58 7

8 Concept Explorer (Answer) Luke scored 68% on a Mathematics test and 78% on an English test. Which was the relative better performance, given the overall class results in the table below? Class Mean SD English Maths 58 7 Maths : z = English : z = = 1.4 = 1.2 Luke s standard score for Maths was greater than his standard score for English, (his Maths result being further away from the mean in the distribution of class scores), so his relative performance was better in Maths.

9 Drill It Out A student obtains a mark of 56 on a test for which the mean mark is 67 and the standard deviation is The student s standardised mark (standard z score) is closest to A B C D E VCAA 2007 Exam Q3

10 Drill It Out (Answer) A student obtains a mark of 56 on a test for which the mean mark is 67 and the standard deviation is The student s standardised mark (standard z score) is closest to 72% 13% A B C D E Complete a calculation z = = 1.08 VCAA 2007 Exam Q3

11 Drill It Out The length of a type of ant is approximately normally distributed with a mean of 4.8 mm and a standard deviation of 1.2 mm A standardised ant length of z = 0.5 corresponds to an actual ant length of A. 2.4 mm B. 3.6 mm C. 4.2 mm D. 5.4 mm E. 7.0 mm VCAA 2011 Exam Q10

12 Drill It Out (Answer) The length of a type of ant is approximately normally distributed with a mean of 4.8 mm and a standard deviation of 1.2 mm A standardised ant length of z = 0.5 corresponds to an actual ant length of 8% A. 2.4 mm Complete a reverse calculation 10% B. 3.6 mm 71% C. 4.2 mm ant length 4.8 8% D. 5.4 mm 0.5 = E. 7.0 mm 1.2 Ant length = = = 4.2 mm VCAA 2011 Exam Q10

13 Drill It Out Age 18 months 27 months 36 months Mean SD A 27-month-old boy has a height of 83.1 cm. Calculate his standardised height (z score) relative to this sample of 27-month-old boys. Write your answer correct to one decimal place. VCAA 2006 Exam Q1

14 Drill It Out (Answer) Age 18 months 27 months 36 months Mean SD A 27-month-old boy has a height of 83.1 cm. Calculate his standardised height (z score) relative to this sample of 27-month-old boys. Write your answer correct to one decimal place. z score = = 1.4 Common error in calculator = 63.2 VCAA 2006 Exam Q1

KCP e-learning. test user - ability basic maths revision. During your training, we will need to cover some ground using statistics.

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