Viswanathan Lakshmi Narayanan & Subramanian Gurubaran
|
|
- Lynn Sylvia O’Connor’
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Characteristics of high frequency gravity waves in the upper mesosphere observed in OH nightglow over low latitude Indian sector during 7 Viswanathan Lakshmi Narayanan & Subramanian Gurubaran Equatorial Geophysical Research Laboratory, Indian Institute of Geomagnetism. Contact: narayananvlwins@gmail.com, gurubara@iigs.iigm.res.in
2 Abstract Small scale high frequency gravity waves are believed to play a vital role in the upper mesospheric region by means of wave breaking and their interactions with other waves and background mean flow. They are known to propagate large distances from their source regions by means of ducting which makes identification of their source distribution a challenging task. Further, their global distribution is not yet well known. In this work we have studied the characteristics of such high frequency waves observed in OH Meinel band emissions over Tirunelveli (8.7 o N, 77.8 o E) during the year 7. The study reveals predominance of meridionally propagating p g waves, possibly indicating the wind filtering effects in the lower atmosphere. During summer period, waves propagating towards south and south-west were observed much more frequently. Theapparent phase velocities of the waves are higher during equinox periods followed by summer and winter solstices respectively. There was no significant variation in the wavelength range of the observed waves. Detailed discussion on the characteristics of the observed waves and possible source distributions around this site during different seasons are made in this study.
3 Imaging observations from Tirunelveli
4 Schematic of the instrument
5 From January 7, nightglow imaging observations are carried out from Low latitude Indian station Tirunelveli (8.7 o N; 77.8 o E; -.17 o Geomagnetic) during cloudless clear sky nights when moon is behind the horizon. The all-sky imager is procured from Keo Scientific Limited and is designed for F4 optics with a back illuminated 16 bit CCD camera with 1 x 1 pixels. The CCD is not deep depleted. Currently, the instrument is operating with 6 interference filters. In this study, the observations of gravity waves made with a broad-band filter covering OH Meinel band emissions in the NIR region of nm were used. The filter has a notch at ~ 86 nm to suppress contamination from O band emissions. At this site, a collocated MF radar is measuring mesospheric winds at OH emission heights.
6 Data Analysis The imaging observations were made with collecting a set of successive images from the same filter and changing the filters in sequence. The OH images obtained within ihi each sequence are time differenced (TD) and projected in to the equi-distance grid as discussed in Garcia et al., (1999). From the projected images the wave parameters namely wavelength, phase velocity and propagation azimuth are extracted whenever er more than one crest or trough like structure re shows consistent motion in at least two TD images. The average winds between 84 9 km altitudes at every minutes interval were calculated to overcome data gaps in radar. Afterwards the observation period and propagation azimuth of the waves are noted and mean winds are calculated from this minute averaged data.
7 Imagers are capable of detecting the quasi-monochromatic gravity waves, nonlinearly evolving wave systems like mesospheric bores and instability features known as ripples that affect the mesospheric nightglow layers. The detection of bore like events are rare and hence the observations usually consist of quasi-monochromatic high frequency gravity waves and instability features associated with them (ripples). In the current study, the quasi-monochromatic waves and ripple features are not separated explicitly. However, reasonable estimation shows that the ripple features contribute less than about % of the observed events. Further, it appears as if most of the observed ripple features are result of convective instabilities occurring in the mesosphere.
8 Observation of quasi-monochromatic waves on May, 7
9 Observation of ripple features on Feb 3, 7
10 Observation of a mesospheric bore on Mar, 7
11 The site is at mean sea level and the sky is often cloudy restricting the no. of. nightglow observations to 34 nights in the months of Jan, Feb, Mar, May, Aug and Oct, 7. Season Months No. of. Nights No. of. Useful No. of. Events No. of. Waves/h hours our Winter Jan & Feb Summer May & Aug Equinox Mar & Oct Total All days
12 ents No. of. eve Distribution of wavelength Total Winter Wavelength Wavelength No. of. eve ents No. of. even nts Wavelength (km) Summer Wavelength No. of. even nts Wavelength (km) Equinoxes Wavelength Wavelength (km) Wavelength (km)
13 Distribution of apparent phase velocity Total Winter Apparent phase velocity Apparent phase velocity No. of. even nts No. of. even nts Apparent phase velocity (m/s) Summer Apparent phase velocity Apparent phase velocity (m/s) Equinoxes Apparent phase velocity No. of. even nts Apparent phase velocity (m/s) No. of. even nts Apparent phase velocity (m/s)
14 No. of. eve ents Distribution of intrinsic phase velocity Total Winter Iti Intrinsic i phase velocity Iti Intrinsic i phase velocity No. of. eve ents Intrinsic phase velocity (m/s) Summer Intrinsic phase velocity Intrinsic phase velocity (m/s) Equinoxes Intrinsic phase velocity No. of. even nts 6 4 ts No. of. event Intrinsic phase velocity (m/s) Intrinsic phase velocity (m/s)
15 No. of. events No. of. events Propagation angle of the waves Total Winter Propagation Azimuth No. of. events Propagation Azimuth Summer Equinoxes Propagation Azimuth Propagation Azimuth No. of. events 9 9
16 Apparent and intrinsic time periods 6 Apparent time period 3 Intrinsic time period nts No. of. eve nts No. of. eve Time period (min) Time period (min) 314 s 314 s
17 Dispersion relation used to infer vertical wavelength wavelength Neglecting coriolis effect and compressional effects, 4 1 ) ( 1 ) ( ) ( k H c u u H c u u c u N m z zz + = Further assuming curvature and wind shear are not persistent around 87 km region, 4 1 ) ( H k c u N m = With, N =. rad/s, H = 6km
18 Wave reflection and background wind Events No. of Evanescent Propagating 43% evanescent 6 6% % % winter summer equinox total Percentage pro pagation again nst backgroun nd wind (%) 46% 46% 44% 37% winter summer equinox total Events No. of Total no. of. evanescent waves No. of. evanescent waves with opposite mean wind Total no. of. waves with opposite background wind winter summer equinox total s with %) scent waves ound wind ( ge of evanes ite backgro Percentag oppos 8 74% 6 89% % 8% winter summer equinox total
19 Mean parameters along different directions No. of. events Propagation Azimuth ity (m/s) Appa arent phase veloc Mean observed phase velocity Time (min) Mean apparent time period Wavelength (km) Mean wavelength along different directions Int trinsic phase velo ocity (m/s) Mean intrinsic phase velocity Time (mi in) Mean intrinsic time period
20 Average parameters of the waves winter summer equinox total Horizontal wavelength (km) Vertical wavelength (km) 8 winter summer equinox total - 1 Apparent phase velocity (m/s) Background wind (m/s) velocity Intrinsic phase y (m/s) - - winter summer equinox total winter summer equinox total winter summer equinox total
21 Typical mean wind profile over Gadanki (13. o N) Courtesy: Dr. M. Venkat Ratnam, NARL, India.
22 Seasonal mean temperatures and static stability profiles for 7 over low latitudes ( o )
23 Probable orographic and convective sources
24 Summary of observations Meridional propagation is predominant indicating probable middle atmospheric filtering effects These shortest t scale gravity waves appear to get filtered out not only by critical level interaction but also due to reflection resulting from doppler shifting into frequencies above buoyancy frequency by means of oppositely directed d mean winds Summer shows largest asymmetry in propagation Phase velocities are relatively higher during equinoxes
25 Summary of observations Vertical wavelength of propagating waves is on the average 18 km Shortest range of horizontal wavelengths indicating probable convective source Wave ducting might have played amajor role if waves are convectively generated. Possibility of in-situ high frequency wave generation in the mesosphere by means of breaking and interaction of low frequency waves need to be examined.
26
Observational investigations of gravity wave momentum flux with spectroscopic imaging
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 110,, doi:10.1029/2004jd004778, 2005 Observational investigations of gravity wave momentum flux with spectroscopic imaging J. Tang, G. R. Swenson, A. Z. Liu, and F.
More informationIntuitive Introduction To Acoustic-gravity Waves
EP711 Supplementary Material Thursday, January 26 th, 2012 Intuitive Introduction To Acoustic-gravity Waves Jonathan B. Snively Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University 1 Contents EP711 Supplementary Material
More informationImaging observations of upper mesospheric nightglow emissions from Tirunelveli (8.7 o N)
Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics Vol. 38, June 2009, pp. 150-158 Imaging observations of upper mesospheric nightglow emissions from Tirunelveli (8.7 o N) V Lakshmi Narayanan, S Gurubaran * & K Emperumal
More informationSeasonal variations of gravity wave structures in OH airglow with a CCD imager at Shigaraki
Earth Planets Space, 51, 897 906, 1999 Seasonal variations of gravity wave structures in OH airglow with a CCD imager at Shigaraki T. Nakamura, A. Higashikawa, T. Tsuda, and Y. Matsushita Radio Atmospheric
More informationBasic human requirements
Basic human requirements Core Temperature 37 0 C 36 0 C 34 0 C 32 0 C 31 0 C 28 0 C Room Temperature 0 o C 20 o C 35 o C Energy [kw/(m² μm)] 2.0-1.5 - Black body at 800 K Solar radiation at atmosphere
More informationA Novel Joint Space-Wavenumber Analysis of an Unusual Antarctic Gravity Wave Event
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Physics Faculty Publications Physics 4-2006 A Novel Joint Space-Wavenumber Analysis of an Unusual Antarctic Gravity Wave Event R. G. Stockwell Michael J. Taylor
More informationThe CAWSES Program and Indian Perspective
The CAWSES Program and Indian Perspective D. Pallamraju *, S. Gurubaran, and M V Ratnam Scientific Secretary * & Member, CAWSES Science Steering Committee Physical Research Laboratory Ahmedabad India raju@prl.res.in
More informationDetermination of Horizontal and Vertical Structure of a Novel Pattern of Short Period Gravity Waves Imaged During ALOHA-93
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Physics Faculty Publications Physics 10-1995 Determination of Horizontal and Vertical Structure of a Novel Pattern of Short Period Gravity Waves Imaged During
More informationANGWIN Research Activities at Utah State University: Summary and Future Plans
ANGWIN Research Activities at Utah State University: Summary and Future Plans Mike J. Taylor, P.-D. Pautet, Y. Zhao, M. Negale, V. Chambers, W.R. Pendleton Jr., and ANGWIN Colleagues 4 th International
More informationHigh-Latitude Short-Period Mesospheric Gravity Wave Dynamics and Winter Climatology
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Physics Student Research Physics Student Research 2013 High-Latitude Short-Period Mesospheric Gravity Wave Dynamics and Winter Climatology Michael Negale Utah State
More information2 Preliminary Results Achieved by the Meridian Project
Space Science Activities in China cycle peak year ( ), magnetic storm activities increased significantly, the Meridian Project has repeatedly observed the responses of the space environment to solar storms
More informationHow to Use Airglow Measurements in Atmospheric Wave Activity Studies. Mike J. Taylor, Y. Zhao, P.-D. Pautet, W.Pendleton Jr. Utah State University
How to Use Airglow Measurements in Atmospheric Wave Activity Studies Mike J. Taylor, Y. Zhao, P.-D. Pautet, W.Pendleton Jr. Utah State University Present at: 38 AM Finland, August 22-26, 2011 Introduction
More informationStatistical characteristics of gravity waves observed by an all-sky imager at Darwin, Australia
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 109,, doi:10.1029/2003jd004336, 2004 Statistical characteristics of gravity waves observed by an all-sky imager at Darwin, Australia S. Suzuki, K. Shiokawa, Y. Otsuka,
More informationMEDIUM-SCALE GRAVITY WAVES OBTAINED FROM AIRGLOW ALL-KSY OBSERVATIONS OVER CACHOEIRA PAULISTA
MEDIUM-SCALE GRAVITY WAVES OBTAINED FROM AIRGLOW ALL-KSY OBSERVATIONS OVER CACHOEIRA PAULISTA Anderson Vestena BILIBIO 1, Cristiano Max WRASSE 1, Cosme Alexandre FIGUEIREDO¹, Hisao TAKAHASHI 1, Igo da
More informationAll Physics Faculty Publications
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Physics Faculty Publications Physics 10-1995 All-sky Measurements of Short Period Waves Imaged in the OI (557.7 nm), Na(59. nm) and Near Infrared OH and O(0,1)
More informationLecture 8. Monsoons and the seasonal variation of tropical circulation and rainfall
Lecture 8 Monsoons and the seasonal variation of tropical circulation and rainfall According to the second hypothesis, the monsoon is a manifestation of the seasonal variation of the tropical circulation
More informationSpace Geophysics. Determination of gravity waves parameters in the airglow combining photometer and imager data Prosper Kwamla Nyassor April 25, 2018
Space Geophysics Determination of gravity waves parameters in the airglow combining photometer and imager data Prosper Kwamla Nyassor April 25, 2018 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SPACE RESEARCH INPE - National
More informationTitle of Report: INVESTIGATION OF ESF TRIGGERS USING BALLOON-BASED AND GROUND-BASED DIAGNOSTICS
Title of Report: INVESTIGATION OF ESF TRIGGERS USING BALLOON-BASED AND GROUND-BASED DIAGNOSTICS Author: Dr. Duggirala Pallamraju Co-PI Principal Investigator (AOARD Grant): Prof. K. Niranjan Contracting
More informationShort period gravity waves and ripples in the South Pole mesosphere
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 116,, doi:10.1029/2011jd015882, 2011 Short period gravity waves and ripples in the South Pole mesosphere S. Suzuki, 1,2 M. Tsutsumi, 1 S. E. Palo, 3 Y. Ebihara, 4,5
More informationLecture #3: Gravity Waves in GCMs. Charles McLandress (Banff Summer School 7-13 May 2005)
Lecture #3: Gravity Waves in GCMs Charles McLandress (Banff Summer School 7-13 May 2005) 1 Outline of Lecture 1. Role of GWs in the middle atmosphere 2. Background theory 3. Resolved GWs in GCMs 4. Parameterized
More informationChapter 1 Image Slides. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Chapter 1 Image Slides Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. CH. 1: CYCLES OF THE SKY CO a 1.1 The Celestial Sphere CO b The nearest star to us is about
More informationThe Mars Thermospheric Circulation : Recent Constraints from Aerobraking and Mars Express (SPICAM) Measurements
The Mars Thermospheric Circulation : Recent Constraints from Aerobraking and Mars Express (SPICAM) Measurements Stephen W. Bougher Jared M. Bell (University of Michigan) 8-Mar-05 1 Why Investigate the
More informationMotion of the Sun. motion relative to the horizon. rises in the east, sets in the west on a daily basis. Basis for the unit of time, the DAY
Motion of the Sun motion relative to the horizon rises in the east, sets in the west on a daily basis Basis for the unit of time, the DAY noon: highest point of Sun in sky relative to the horizon 1 altitude:
More informationLecture #2 Planetary Wave Models. Charles McLandress (Banff Summer School 7-13 May 2005)
Lecture #2 Planetary Wave Models Charles McLandress (Banff Summer School 7-13 May 2005) 1 Outline of Lecture 1. Observational motivation 2. Forced planetary waves in the stratosphere 3. Traveling planetary
More informationNear-infrared Imaging of Hydroxyl Wave Structure Over an Ocean Site at Low Latitudes
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Physics Faculty Publications Physics 7-1991 Near-infrared Imaging of Hydroxyl Wave Structure Over an Ocean Site at Low Latitudes Michael J. Taylor Utah State
More informationSeasons & Time.
Seasons & Time Earth s Movements Rotation Movement of Earth Around the Sun Elliptical Orbit Revolution 24 Hours (1 Day) 365 Days (1 Year) The Earth s Revolution & the Tilt of the axis cause variations
More informationCharacteristics of Wave Induced Oscillations in Mesospheric O2 Emission Intensity and Temperature
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Physics Faculty Publications Physics 1-2006 Characteristics of Wave Induced Oscillations in Mesospheric O2 Emission Intensity and Temperature A. Taori Michael
More informationExercise 6. Solar Panel Orientation EXERCISE OBJECTIVE DISCUSSION OUTLINE. Introduction to the importance of solar panel orientation DISCUSSION
Exercise 6 Solar Panel Orientation EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will understand how the solar illumination at any location on Earth varies over the course of a year. You
More informationHistorical background of all-sky airglow observations at Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station and small-scale gravity waves climatology
4th Antarctic Gravity Wave Instument Network Historical background of all-sky airglow observations at Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station and small-scale gravity waves climatology José V. Bageston; Gabriel
More informationOn the sources of day-to-day variability in the occurrence of equatorial plasma bubbles: An analysis using the TIEGCM
On the sources of day-to-day variability in the occurrence of equatorial plasma bubbles: An analysis using the TIEGCM Brett A. Carter, RMIT University, Australia, www.rmit.edu.au/space Institute for Scientific
More informationRegional variations of mesospheric gravity-wave momentum flux over Antarctica
Regional variations of mesospheric gravity-wave momentum flux over Antarctica P. J. Espy, R. E. Hibbins, G. R. Swenson, J. Tang, M. J. Taylor, D. M. Riggin, D. C. Fritts To cite this version: P. J. Espy,
More informationEarth s Motion. Lesson Outline LESSON 1. A. Earth and the Sun 1. The diameter is more than 100 times greater than
Lesson Outline Earth s Motion LESSON 1 A. Earth and the Sun 1. The diameter is more than 100 times greater than Earth s diameter. a. In the Sun, atoms combine during, producing huge amounts of energy.
More informationGravity Waves Over Antarctica
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Physics Capstone Project Physics Student Research 5-2018 Gravity Waves Over Antarctica Vanessa Chambers Utah State University Follow this and additional works at:
More informationOliver Bühler Waves and Vortices
Oliver Bühler Waves and Vortices Four combined lectures Introduction, wave theory, simple mean flows Wave-driven vortex dynamics on beaches Three-dimensional gravity waves, recoil & capture Waves, vortices,
More information1. The frequency of an electromagnetic wave is proportional to its wavelength. a. directly *b. inversely
CHAPTER 3 SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL RADIATION MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. The frequency of an electromagnetic wave is proportional to its wavelength. a. directly *b. inversely 2. is the distance between successive
More informationJOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC RESEARCH FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY Impact Factor 1.393, ISSN: , Volume 2, Issue 4, May 2014
Impact Factor 1.393, ISSN: 3583, Volume, Issue 4, May 14 A STUDY OF INVERSIONS AND ISOTHERMALS OF AIR POLLUTION DISPERSION DR.V.LAKSHMANARAO DR. K. SAI LAKSHMI P. SATISH Assistant Professor(c), Dept. of
More informationEstimation of Gravity Wave Momentum Flux with Spectroscopic Imaging
Department of Physical Sciences - Daytona Beach College of Arts & Sciences 1-2005 Estimation of Gravity Wave Momentum Flux with Spectroscopic Imaging Jing Tang Farzad Kamalabadi Steven J. Franke Alan Z.
More information9/1/14. Chapter 2: Heating Earth s Surface and Atmosphere. The Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology, 12 th. Lutgens Tarbuck
Chapter 2: Heating Earth s Surface and Atmosphere The Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology, 12 th Lutgens Tarbuck Lectures by: Heather Gallacher, Cleveland State University! Earth s two principal
More informationReceived: 8 January 2009 Revised: 3 September 2009 Accepted: 9 September 2009 Published: 30 September Introduction
Ann. Geophys., 27, 3645 3662, 2009 Author(s) 2009. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Annales Geophysicae Climatology of planetary wave type oscillations with
More informationZonal asymmetry of daytime E-region and 150-km echoes observed by Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) in Indonesia
Zonal asymmetry of daytime E-region and 150-km echoes observed by Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) in Indonesia T. Yokoyama (1) (1),, A. K. Patra (2) (2),, Y. Otsuka (3) (3),, M. Yamamoto (4) (4),, and
More information3) During retrograde motion a planet appears to be A) dimmer than usual. B) the same brightness as usual C) brighter than usual.
Descriptive Astronomy (ASTR 108) Exam 1 B February 17, 2010 Name: In each of the following multiple choice questions, select the best possible answer. In the line on the scan sheet corresponding to the
More information1) Kepler's third law allows us to find the average distance to a planet from observing its period of rotation on its axis.
Descriptive Astronomy (ASTR 108) Exam 1 A February 17, 2010 Name: In each of the following multiple choice questions, select the best possible answer. In the line on the scan sheet corresponding to the
More informationA statistical study of gravity waves from radiosonde observations at Wuhan (30 N, 114 E) China
Annales Geophysicae, 23, 665 673, 2005 SRef-ID: 1432-0576/ag/2005-23-665 European Geosciences Union 2005 Annales Geophysicae A statistical study of gravity waves from radiosonde observations at Wuhan (30
More informationEarth Motions Packet 14
Earth Motions Packet 14 Your Name Group Members Score Minutes Standard 4 Key Idea 1 Performance Indicator 1.1 Explain complex phenomena, such as tides, variations in day length, solar insolation, apparent
More informationEarth s Orbit. Sun Earth Relationships Ridha Hamidi, Ph.D. ESCI-61 Introduction to Photovoltaic Technology
1 ESCI-61 Introduction to Photovoltaic Technology Sun Earth Relationships Ridha Hamidi, Ph.D. Spring (sun aims directly at equator) Winter (northern hemisphere 23.5 tilts away from sun) 2 Solar radiation
More informationA2 Principi di Astrofisica. Coordinate Celesti
A2 Principi di Astrofisica Coordinate Celesti ESO La Silla Tel. 3.6m Celestial Sphere Our lack of depth perception when we look into space creates the illusion that Earth is surrounded by a celestial sphere.
More informationLecture #03. January 20, 2010, Wednesday
Lecture #03 January 20, 2010, Wednesday Causes of Earth s Seasons Earth-Sun geometry Day length Solar angle (beam spread) Atmospheric beam depletion Shape and Size of the Earth North Pole E Geoid: not
More informationStudies of the wind filtering effect of gravity waves observed at Allahabad (25.45 N, E) in India
Earth Planets Space, 62, 309 318, 2010 Studies of the wind filtering effect of gravity waves observed at Allahabad (25.45 N, 81.85 E) in India G. K. Mukherjee 1, Pragati Sikha R. 2, N. Parihar 3, Rupesh
More informationCharacteristics of Short-Period Wavelike Features Near 87 km Altitude from Airglow and Lidar Observations Over Maui
Department of Physical Sciences - Daytona Beach College of Arts & Sciences 8-16-2007 Characteristics of Short-Period Wavelike Features Near 87 km Altitude from Airglow and Lidar Observations Over Maui
More informationHEIGHT-LATITUDE STRUCTURE OF PLANETARY WAVES IN THE STRATOSPHERE AND TROPOSPHERE. V. Guryanov, A. Fahrutdinova, S. Yurtaeva
HEIGHT-LATITUDE STRUCTURE OF PLANETARY WAVES IN THE STRATOSPHERE AND TROPOSPHERE INTRODUCTION V. Guryanov, A. Fahrutdinova, S. Yurtaeva Kazan State University, Kazan, Russia When constructing empirical
More informationSUBJECT : GEOGRAPHY ROTATION AND REVOLUTION This paper consists of 5 printed pages.
SUBJECT : GEOGRAPHY ROTATION AND REVOLUTION 2017-2018 This paper consists of 5 printed pages. 1. Name the motions of the earth. A. They are Rotation and Revolution. 2. What is Rotation? A. Rotation is
More informationTHE EFFECTS OF THERMAL AND WIND FIELDS IN THE PROPAGATION OF INFRASONIC WAVES IN THE ATMOSPHERE
THE EFFECTS OF THERMAL AND WIND FIELDS IN THE PROPAGATION OF INFRASONIC WAVES IN THE ATMOSPHERE Omar Marcillo Sound waves traveling at frequencies between 0.05 and 20 Hertz are called infrasound waves.
More informationSeasonal dependence of MSTIDs obtained from nm airglow imaging at Arecibo
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 37,, doi:10.1029/2010gl043569, 2010 Seasonal dependence of MSTIDs obtained from 630.0 nm airglow imaging at Arecibo C. Martinis, 1 J. Baumgardner,
More informationPassive Optics activities in Japan
Passive Optics Workshop, NCAR, April 8, 2004 Passive Optics activities in Japan Mamoru Ishii 1, Minoru Kubota 1, Kazuyo Sakanoi 1, Kazuo Shiokawa 2, Makoto Taguchi 3, Takeshi Sakanoi 4, Yukihiro Takahashi
More informationLecture #1 Tidal Models. Charles McLandress (Banff Summer School 7-13 May 2005)
Lecture #1 Tidal Models Charles McLandress (Banff Summer School 7-13 May 2005) 1 Outline of Lecture 1. Introduction 2. Brief description of tides 3. Observations of tides 4. Simulating tides using a general
More informationSimulated Radiances for OMI
Simulated Radiances for OMI document: KNMI-OMI-2000-004 version: 1.0 date: 11 February 2000 author: J.P. Veefkind approved: G.H.J. van den Oord checked: J. de Haan Index 0. Abstract 1. Introduction 2.
More informationStudent Exploration: Seasons: Earth, Moon, and Sun
Name: Date: Student Exploration: Seasons: Earth, Moon, and Sun Vocabulary: altitude, axis, azimuth, equinox, horizon, latitude, revolution, rotation, solstice Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE
More informationLife Cycle of Convective Systems over Western Colombia
Life Cycle of Convective Systems over Western Colombia Meiry Sakamoto Uiversidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Colombia Life Cycle of Convective Systems over Western Colombia Convective System (CS)
More informationInsolation and Temperature variation. The Sun & Insolation. The Sun (cont.) The Sun
Insolation and Temperature variation Atmosphere: blanket of air surrounding earth Without our atmosphere: cold, quiet, cratered place Dynamic: currents and circulation cells June 23, 2008 Atmosphere important
More informationA New Equatorial Plasma Bubble Prediction Capability
A New Equatorial Plasma Bubble Prediction Capability Brett A. Carter Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College, USA, http://www.bc.edu/research/isr/, RMIT University, Australia, www.rmit.edu.au/space
More informationChapter I. Introduction to Atmosphere and Ionosphere
Chapter I Introduction to Atmosphere and Ionosphere 1.1. Introduction The gaseous envelope surrounding the earth is its atmosphere whose uppermost region is weakly ionized by the high energy electromagnetic
More informationLunar Eclipse Wednesday (January 31 st ) Morning. Topics for Today s Class. PHYS 1403 Stars and Galaxies
PHYS 1403 Stars and Galaxies Lunar Eclipse Wednesday (January 31 st ) Morning Super Moon so visible with naked eye Look in the western horizon Penumbral eclipse starts at 5:00 am Totality begins at 7:00
More informationFollow this and additional works at: Part of the Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons
Department of Physical Sciences - Daytona Beach College of Arts & Sciences 2-11-2005 Climatology of Short-Period Gravity Waves Observed over Northern Australia during the Darwin Area Wave Experiment (DAWEX)
More informationWaves and Turbulence Dynamics above the Andes
Waves and Turbulence Dynamics above the Andes Alan Liu Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach, Florida, USA F. Vargas, G. Swenson, A. Mangognia (UIUC) W. Huang, J. Smith, X. Chu (CU Boulder)
More informationC. Anderson 1, Conde M. 1, McHarg, M. 2, Nicolls, M. 3
C. Anderson 1, Conde M. 1, McHarg, M. 2, Nicolls, M. 3 1 Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2 Department of Physics, U.S. Air Force Academy, 3 SRI International, Menlo Park, California,
More informationMiSP Astronomy Seasons Worksheet #1 L1
MiSP Astronomy Seasons Worksheet #1 L1 Name Date CHANGING HOURS OF DAYLIGHT ON LONG ISLAND Introduction You sometimes hear people say, Days are longer in the summer and shorter in the winter. That is a
More informationTime-resolved Ducting of Atmospheric Acousticgravity Waves by Analysis of the Vertical Energy Flux
Publications 1-30-2007 Time-resolved Ducting of Atmospheric Acousticgravity Waves by Analysis of the Vertical Energy Flux Yonghui Yu Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Michael P. Hickey Ph.D. Embry-Riddle
More information12.1 Earth, Moon and Sun Interactions
12.1 Earth, Moon and Sun Interactions Humans have been aware of the relationships between the Earth, Sun and Moon for thousands of years, but only recently have we began to better understand the true nature
More informationSeasonal variation of equatorial wave momentum fluxes at Gadanki (13.5 N, 79.2 E)
Annales Geophysicae (2001) 19: 985 990 c European Geophysical Society 2001 Annales Geophysicae Seasonal variation of equatorial wave momentum fluxes at Gadanki (13.5 N, 79.2 E) M. N. Sasi and V. Deepa
More informationHEATING THE ATMOSPHERE
HEATING THE ATMOSPHERE Earth and Sun 99.9% of Earth s heat comes from Sun But
More informationThe Atmosphere. Importance of our. 4 Layers of the Atmosphere. Introduction to atmosphere, weather, and climate. What makes up the atmosphere?
The Atmosphere Introduction to atmosphere, weather, and climate Where is the atmosphere? Everywhere! Completely surrounds Earth February 20, 2010 What makes up the atmosphere? Argon Inert gas 1% Variable
More informationMiSP Astronomy - Seasons Worksheet #1 L2
MiSP Astronomy - Seasons Worksheet #1 L2 Name Date Changing Hours of Daylight on Long Island (L 1, 2, 3) Introduction You sometimes hear people say, Days are longer in the summer and shorter in the winter.
More informationSummer-time nocturnal wave characteristics in mesospheric OH and O 2 airglow emissions
Earth Planets Space, 60, 973 979, 2008 Summer-time nocturnal wave characteristics in mesospheric OH and O 2 airglow emissions A. Guharay 1, A. Taori 2, and M. Taylor 3 1 Aryabhatta Research Institute of
More informationThermospheric Winds. Astrid Maute. High Altitude Observatory (HAO) National Center for Atmospheric Science (NCAR) Boulder CO, USA
Thermospheric Winds Astrid Maute High Altitude Observatory (HAO) National Center for Atmospheric Science (NCAR) Boulder CO, USA High Altitude Observatory (HAO) National Center for Atmospheric Research
More informationAstronomy I Exam I Sample Name: Read each question carefully, and choose the best answer.
Name: Read each question carefully, and choose the best answer. 1. During a night in Schuylkill Haven, most of the stars in the sky (A) are stationary through the night. (B) the actual motion depends upon
More informationInter comparison of wave height observations from buoy and altimeter with numerical prediction
Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences Vol. 43(7), July 2014, pp. 1347-1351 Inter comparison of wave height observations from buoy and altimeter with numerical prediction S. A. Sannasiraj 1*, M. Kalyani
More informationDiurnal variation of tropospheric temperature at a tropical station
Diurnal variation of tropospheric temperature at a tropical station K. Revathy, S. R. Prabhakaran Nayar, B. V. Krishna Murthy To cite this version: K. Revathy, S. R. Prabhakaran Nayar, B. V. Krishna Murthy.
More informationME 476 Solar Energy UNIT THREE SOLAR RADIATION
ME 476 Solar Energy UNIT THREE SOLAR RADIATION Unit Outline 2 What is the sun? Radiation from the sun Factors affecting solar radiation Atmospheric effects Solar radiation intensity Air mass Seasonal variations
More informationJOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 102, NO. D22, PAGES 26,301-26,313, NOVEMBER 27, 1997
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 102, NO. D22, PAGES 26,301-26,313, NOVEMBER 27, 1997 Observational evidence of wave ducting and evanescence in the rnesosphere Joseph R. Isler 1 Laboratory for Atmospheric
More informationComparing momentum flux of mesospheric gravity waves using different background measurements and their impact on the background wind field
Comparing momentum flux of mesospheric gravity waves using different background measurements and their impact on the background wind field Mitsumu K. Ejiri, Michael J. Taylor, and P. Dominique Pautet,
More information10/17/2012. Observing the Sky. Lecture 8. Chapter 2 Opener
Observing the Sky Lecture 8 Chapter 2 Opener 1 Figure 2.1 Figure 2.2 2 Figure 2.6 Figure 2.4 Annotated 3 The Celestial Sphere The celestial sphere is the vast hollow sphere on which the stars appear fixed.
More informationAnswer Key for Exam C
Answer Key for Exam C 1 point each Choose the answer that best completes the question. Read each problem carefully and read through all the answers. Take your time. If a question is unclear, ask for clarification
More informationAnswer Key for Exam B
Answer Key for Exam B 1 point each Choose the answer that best completes the question. Read each problem carefully and read through all the answers. Take your time. If a question is unclear, ask for clarification
More informationPhysics Lab #4:! Starry Night Student Exercises I!
Physics 10293 Lab #4: Starry Night Student Exercises I Introduction For today s lab, we are going to let the Starry Night software do much of the work for us. We re going to walk through some of the sample
More information5 - Seasons. Figure 1 shows two pictures of the Sun taken six months apart with the same camera, at the same time of the day, from the same location.
ASTR 110L 5 - Seasons Purpose: To plot the distance of the Earth from the Sun over one year and to use the celestial sphere to understand the cause of the seasons. What do you think? Write answers to questions
More informationBalloon-Borne Observations of Gravity-Wave Momentum Fluxes over Antarctica and Surrounding Areas
Balloon-Borne Observations of Gravity-Wave Momentum Fluxes over Antarctica and Surrounding Areas A. Hertzog (Laboratoire de météorologie dynamique) R. A. Vincent (University of Adelaide) G. Boccara, F.
More informationAgricultural Science Climatology Semester 2, Anne Green / Richard Thompson
Agricultural Science Climatology Semester 2, 2006 Anne Green / Richard Thompson http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/ag/agschome.htm Course Coordinator: Mike Wheatland Course Goals Evaluate & interpret information,
More informationMIDTERM REVIEW QUESTIONS - PACKET #2 (75 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS)
MIDTERM REVIEW QUESTIONS - PACKET #2 (75 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS) 1. Which graph best represents the effect that heating has on air density in the atmosphere? 2. An empty 250-milliliter beaker has a
More informationFluid Circulation Review. Vocabulary. - Dark colored surfaces absorb more energy.
Fluid Circulation Review Vocabulary Absorption - taking in energy as in radiation. For example, the ground will absorb the sun s radiation faster than the ocean water. Air pressure Albedo - Dark colored
More informationLecture 2 Motions in the Sky September 10, 2018
1 Lecture 2 Motions in the Sky September 10, 2018 2 What is your year in school? A. New freshman B. Returning freshman C. Sophomore D. Junior E. Senior F. I ve been here, like, forever 3 What is your major?
More informationAstronomy Club of Asheville June 2018 Sky Events
June 2018 Sky Events The Planets this Month - page 2 June 14 th Dusk s Venus, Mercury and a Sliver of Moon page 5 June 27 th Conjunction of the Full Moon with Saturn page 6 Planet Highlights - page 7 Moon
More informationSCIENCE CHINA Technological Sciences
SCIENCE CHINA Technological Sciences RESEARCH PAPER May 2012 Vol.55 No.5: 1258 1263 doi: 10.1007/s11431-012-4802-0 Longitudinal distribution of O 2 nightglow brightness observed by TIEMD/SABER satellite
More informationRecent Advances in Chinese Meridian Project
Recent Advances in Chinese Meridian Project AUTHORS WANG Chi State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 ABSTRACT To
More informationChapter 6. Characteristics of Multiple Tropopauses in the Tropics
Chapter 6 Characteristics of Multiple Tropopauses in the Tropics 6.1. Introduction The tropopause separates troposphere and stratosphere which are very distinct in their physical, chemical and thermal
More informationPart-8c Circulation (Cont)
Part-8c Circulation (Cont) Global Circulation Means of Transfering Heat Easterlies /Westerlies Polar Front Planetary Waves Gravity Waves Mars Circulation Giant Planet Atmospheres Zones and Belts Global
More informationObservation of mesospheric gravity waves at Comandante Ferraz Antarctica Station (62 S)
Ann. Geophys., 27, 293 298, 9 www.ann-geophys.net/27/293/9/ Author(s) 9. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3. License. Annales Geophysicae Observation of mesospheric gravity
More informationInternational Journal of Marine, Atmospheric & Earth Sciences, 2013, 1(1): 8-16 International Journal of Marine, Atmospheric & Earth Sciences
International Journal of Marine, Atmospheric & Earth Sciences, 213, 1(1): 8-16 International Journal of Marine, Atmospheric & Earth Sciences Journal homepage: www.modernscientificpress.com/journals/ijmaes.aspx
More information(moves under) another tectonic plate a trench is formed. into oceans where they dissolve
2 nd Nine Weeks Benchmark Study Guide 1. What source powers the water cycle? Sun 2. At what point does a liquid become water vapor? evaporation 3. In the morning, Shawn s swimming pool is full. In the
More informationDaily Motions. Daily Motions. Solar and Sidereal Days. Annual Motions of the Sun. Coordinate system on Earth. Annual Motion of the Stars.
Sun: rises in the east sets in the west travels on an arc across the sky 24 hours Daily Motions Solar Day = 24 hours Stars: stars travel on arcs in the sky moving from east to west. some stars rise and
More informationEstimation of turbulence parameters in the lower atmosphere from MST radar observations
Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. (2004), 10, pp. 5 4 doi: 10.5/qj.0.8 Estimation of turbulence parameters in the lower atmosphere from MST radar observations By K. SATHEESAN 1 and B. V. KRISHNA MURTHY 2 1 Department
More information