Object Index. Einstein, 118, 177, 347 EXO , 312, 318 EXO , 264, 268, 273 EXOSAT, 118, 299

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1 Object Index 1E , 270, 330, 332, 336 1E , 51, 185 1E , 336 1E , 332 1E , 270, 330 1RXS J , 122 1RXS J , 332 1RXS J , 122 2A , 296 2S , 273 3C 58, 20, 21, 27 4U , 273 4U , 332 4U , 273, 274 4U , 292, 312, 322 4U , 264, 273, 296 4U , 312, 313 4U , 318 4U , 312 4U , 312 4U , 273 4U , 312 A , 273 ALFA, 171 AMANDA, 93, 95 ANTARES, 96 Aql X-1, 312 Aquila X-1, 137 Arecibo, 171 Ariel-5, 117 ASCA, 118, 173, 177, 178, 182, 361 Astro-E, 130 AX J , 334 BeppoSAX, 173, 334, 354, 365 Cangaroo, 94 Cas A, 12 Cen X-3, 263, 268, 273, 274, 281 CFHT, 133 CGRO, 173 EGRET, 175, 181 Chandra, 19, 21, 27, 53, 94, 118, 123, 126, 127, 135, 141, 152, 173, 179, 249, 331, 332, 345 ACIS, 347 HETG, 347 HRC, 347 LETG, 347 MEG, 347 Constellation-X, 130 Crab, 18, 19, 21, 22, 53, 117, 133, 134, 174, 176, 178, 181, 263, 270, 350, 352 CTA 1, 27 CTIO, 133 Cyg X-1, 239 Cyg X-2, 233 Einstein, 118, 177, 347 EXO , 312, 318 EXO , 264, 268, 273 EXOSAT, 118, 299 FOC, 134 G , 21 G , 27 G , 23 G , 27 G , 19 G , 23 G , 19, 22 G , 27 G , 27 GCDE, 361 Geminga, 120, 133, 134, 179

2 380 OBJECT INDEX Gemini, 331 GEO, 156 Ginga, 299 GLAST, 335 GPS, 361 GRANAT/ART-P, 364 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 365, 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRB , 366 GRO J , 37, 265, 273, 296 GRS , 232 GX 1+4, 273, 280, 296 GX 17+2, 300 GX 301-2, 273 HEAO-1, 360 HEGRA AIROBICC, 181 Her X-1, 36, 39, 263, 264, 268, 273, 274, 296 Hess, 94 Hubble, 120, 123, 127, 129, 133, 134 IBAS, 365 IceCube, 93, 97 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 312, 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360, 361 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360, 363 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360, 364 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360, 362 IGR J , 360

3 OBJECT INDEX 381 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 IGR J , 360 Impulsive Transient Antenna, 100 INTEGRAL, 173, 333, 334, , 361 IBIS, 357 JEM-X, 358 OMC, 358 SPI, 357 Keck, 133, 331 Kecks, 134 KS , 312 KS , 273 LIGO, 103, 105, 107, 114, 156 LMC, 249 LMC X-4, 268, 274 Lobster Eye X-ray Telescopes, 254 ASM, 254 LOFAR, 106 Markarian 421, 96 Markarian 501, 96 NEMO, 99 NESTOR, 96 NGC 6397, 151 OAO , 270, 273 Parkes, 150, 153, 161, 171 PROTON, 357 PSR , 118, 119 PSR , 118, 119 PSR B , 135 PSR B , 53, PSR B , PSR B , 136 PSR B , 75 PSR B , 133, 134 PSR B , 133, 134 PSR B , 19, 53, PSR B , 157 PSR B A, 152 PSR B A, 320 PSR B , 320 PSR B , 36, 39 PSR B , 157, 194 PSR B , 133, 134 PSR B , 56 PSR B , 136, 180 PSR B , 157 PSR B , 136 PSR J , 19 21, 27 PSR J , 56, 133, 134, 136 PSR J , 134, 135 PSR J , 21 PSR J , 170 PSR J , 133 PSR J , 107, 154, 194, 195, 199 PSR J B, 155, 194 PSR J B, 199 PSR J , 53 PSR J , 154 PSR J , 195 PSR J , 195 PSR J , 195 PSR J , 149 PSR J , 153 PSR J , 195 PSR J , 195, 199 PSR J , 21 PSR J , 119 PSR J , 195 PSR J , 51

4 382 OBJECT INDEX PSR J , 136 PSR J , 170 ROSAT, 118, 121, 123, 126, 130, 134, 173, 177, 178, 333, 347 RX J , 27 RX J , 122 RX J , 119 RX J , 134 RX J , 122 RX J , 122 RX J , 133, 134 RX J , 122, 133, 134 RX J , 94 RX J , 123, 133, 134, 136, 141 RX J , 125 RX J , 122, 124, 126, 127 RXTE, 173, 280, 285, 289, 307, 334, 339 HEXTE, 281 PCA, 281, 285, 341 S147, 21 SAO, 345 SAX J , 312 SAX J , 312 SAX J , 137, 268, 294, 296, 300, , 316, 320 SAX J , 362 SAX J , 268, 273, 274 Sco OB association, 125 SCO X-1, 322, 339 SGR , 270, 334, 367 SGR , 270, 367 Sgr A, 363 Sgr B2, 364 SKA, 171 SMC X-1, 268, 273, 274 SN2003lw, 366 SS 433, 233, 274 Steward, 133 STIS, 134 SWIFT, 365 TAMA, 103 UHURU, 263 Uhuru, 117 Vela pulsar, 21, 27, 45, 121, , 170, 174, 179, 181, 271, 335 Vela X-1, 54, 273 VIRGO, 103, 156 VLA, 94 VLBA, 119 VLT, 123, , 331, 332 Whipple Gamma-Ray Telescope, 181 X , 312 X , 312 X-Per, 192 XEUS, 130 XMM-Newton, 53, 118, 123, 125, 126, 141, 173, 249, 334, 353, 362 XTE J , 268 XTE J , 300, 312, 324 XTE J , 273 XTE J , 300, 312 XTE J , 295, 300, 320 XTE J , 312, 314, 318 XTE J , 331, 332, 336 XTE J , 300, 312, 316, 324 XTE J , 273

5 Subject Index accretion, 203, 257, 279, see also disk, accretion adiabatic, 204 spherical, 138, 205, 235 super-eddington, 232 accretion disk corona, 222 Alfvén radius, 105, 137, 258, 273, 280 anomalous X-ray pulsar, see pulsar, X-ray, anomalous Atoll sources, 340 atomic matter, 70 AXP, see pulsar, X-ray, anomalous background radio sky, 166 beam fan, 264 pencil, 264 binary X-ray B-emission, 192, 193 high mass, 193 black hole, 90, 302 formation of, 5 super-eddington accretion onto, 232 supermassive, 90 burst oscillation, 293 capture radius, 138 cataclysmic variable, 152, 211, see also white dwarf observation of, 219 Chandrasekhar limit, 6, 198 cosmic accelerator, 90, 92 cosmic rays, 89 extragalactic, 92 galactic, 93 models for the highest energy, 89 disk accretion, 137, 203, 263, 290, see also accretion boundary layers of, 227 radiative efficiency of, 228 thickness of, 209 viscosity of, 210 fallback, 140 instability on, 223 irradiated, 220 radiation pressure dominated, 218 thin, 138 equations of, 212 Eddington limit, 205, 288 energy density electromagnetic, 138 Deutsch solutions, 138 kinetic, 138 fastness parameter, 272, see also accretion, see also disk, accretion galactic center, 180, 359 galactic nucleus quiescent, 240 galactic plane, 161, 165, 359 survey of, 150 galaxy active, 90 cluster of, 92 gamma ray, 92 gamma ray burst, 92, 365 Gould belt, 181 gravitational wave, 83, 103

6 384 SUBJECT INDEX spectrum of, 114 GRB, see gamma ray burst GZK-effect, 92 Hubble time, 92 instability magnetorotational, 257 interstellar medium, 16, 136, 166, 175, 181 iron line, 280 Landau level, 64 light cylinder, 137 radiation processes inside and outside, 173 London field, 34 magnetar, 63, 103, 329, see also pulsar, X-ray, anomalous, see also SGR formation of, 13 progenitors of, 170 magnetic field electron gas in, 72 spontaneous decay of, 170 strong elementary processes in, 63 strongly quantizing, 72 Monte Carlo, 112 neutrino, 90 annihilation of, 114 asymmetric emission of, 111 simulation of, 112 detectors of, 90 electron flavor, 113 emission rate of, 16 flux, 92, 112 mean free path of, 112 muon flavor, 92 opacity of, 10 production of, 25 transport of, 112, 197 neutron, 92 neutron star, 90, 164, see also pulsar, see also SGR accreting, 313 asymmetries of, 112 atmosphere of, 186 birth of, 48 cooling of, 24, 53, 117 core of, 34 magnetic field in, 82 crust of, 34 heat conduction in, 80 magnetic field in, 82 double, 164, 191, 193, 195, 198 gravitational wave detection of, 103, 107 inspiral rate of, 107 evidence of the existence of, 263 evolution in binary systems of, 191 formation in binary systems of, 191 formation of, 3, 197 gravitational radiation from, 83 internal structure of, 83 isolated, 118, 330, 336 field decay of, 169 optical studies of, 133 radio quiet, 121 spectrum of, 185 thermal emission from, 141, 185 kick velocity of, 111, 191, 192 low kick, 191 low-velocity, 192 population of, 193 magnetic field of, 35, 47, 63 mass-radius relation of, 118 precession of, 36 spin-down of, 47

7 SUBJECT INDEX 385 super-eddington accretion onto, 232 superconductivity in, 34 superfluidity in, 34 surface of temperature distribution in, 80 temperatures of, 26 timing, 283 torque on, 271 two component model of, 270 Nyquist frequency, 77 oscillation radial and non-radial, 83 outer gap, 174 perturbation theory relativistic, 84 photon, 90 absorption coefficient of, 67 pion, 90 plasma magnetized, 103 magnetoactive, 65 plasma slab radiation from, 68 polar cap, 75, 82, 119, 174, 266 emission from, 264 pp interactions, 94 propeller, 139, 251 proto-neutron star, 111, 197 proton-γ interactions, 92 pulsar, 173, see also neutron star current of, 168 glitches of, 57 kick velocity of, 9, 12, 162, 175, 197 millisecond, 49, 125, 148, 161, 312 accreting, 285, 311 binary, 152 production of, 315 wind of, 180 radio, 63, 75, 118, 137, 330, 335 minimum detectable flux density of, 148 observations of, 147, 161 simulation of radiation, 77 statistics of, 161 X-ray emitting, 119 recycled, 164, 194 eccentricity spin-period relation for, 198 rotation powered X-ray radiation from, 177 spatial distribution of, 164 survey of, 153, 165, 169, 171 wind nebula of, 16 large-scale structure of, 22 wind of, 175 X-ray, 137, 263, 279 anomalous, 63, 329, 335 cyclotron lines from, 63, 267 long term variations in, 274 orbital period decay of, 274 pulse frequency fluctuations of, 269 pulse profiles of, 264 QPO of, 273 spectra of, 266 young, 15 phase resolved spectrum of, 178 wind nebula of, 15 QPO beat frequency model of, 274, 293 black hole, 306 Keplerian frequency model of, 274 khz, 285, 289, 313, 316, 339 generation of, 320 Resonance model of, 339

8 386 SUBJECT INDEX quark star, 129 r-process, 112, 113 radiation cyclotron, 64 magnetic dipole, 139 synchrotron, 64 redshift, 92 Ruderman-Sutherland model, 78 SGR, 63, 329, 335 flares of, 365 IR counterparts of, 331 shock wave, 136, 175, 197, 208 showers electromagnetic, 91 hadronic, 91 soft gamma-ray repeater, see SGR spectral feature vacuum-induced, 69 superconductor type I and type II, 37 supernova, 8, 16, 52, 103, 112, 161, 195, 197, 198, 205, 330, 333, 336 core collapse, 111 galactic, 114 rate of, 110 accretion induced collapse of, 6 collapse of, 4 cooling ages of, 164 X-ray binary, see binary, X-ray, see pulsar, X-ray Z sources, 340 zone near, 138 radiation, 138 Thorne-Zytkow object, 205 Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov model, 84 Urca process direct, 25 modified, 16, 25 vacuum birefringence, 65 viscosity magnetic, 225 vortex lines, 35 Waxman-Bahcall flux, 91 white dwarf, 164, 180, 195, 211