Astronomy in the Netherlands. Konrad Kuijken Leiden Observatory

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1 Astronomy in the Netherlands Konrad Kuijken Leiden Observatory

2 Landscape Four university departments, together form NOVA Two National research institutes, Space and Radio Funding agency NWO-exact sciences Direct funding from ministry of science Members of ESO, ESA, partners in La Palma, SKA,, operating Westerbork, Lofar,

3 Landscape Four university departments, together form NOVA Two National research institutes, Space and Radio Funding agency NWO-exact sciences Direct funding from ministry of science Members of ESO, ESA, partners in La Palma, SKA,, operating Westerbork, Lofar,

4 Landscape NWO Amsterdam Groningen Leiden Nijmegen SRON ASTRON Lofar WSRT

5 Landscape NOVA NWO Amsterdam Groningen Leiden Nijmegen SRON ASTRON Lofar WSRT

6 Landscape NOVA NWO Amsterdam Groningen Leiden Nijmegen NWO-EW grants, SRON ASTRON programmes Lofar WSRT

7 Landscape NOVA La Palma NWO JIVE Amsterdam Groningen Leiden Nijmegen NWO-EW grants, SRON ASTRON programmes Lofar WSRT

8 Landscape NOVA Government La Palma NWO JIVE Amsterdam Groningen Leiden Nijmegen NWO-EW grants, SRON ASTRON programmes Lofar WSRT

9 Landscape ESO ESA NOVA Government La Palma NWO JIVE Amsterdam Groningen Leiden Nijmegen NWO-EW grants, SRON ASTRON programmes Lofar WSRT

10 Landscape NOVA ESO ESA Government NWO Amsterdam Groningen Leiden Nijmegen NCA NWO-EW grants, programmes La Palma JIVE SRON ASTRON Lofar WSRT

11 Community ca 80 university academic staff, 150 PhD students, 100 postdocs internationally oriented / many trained abroad kick PhD graduates across the border ca 200 science + engineering staff at ASTRON/SRON undergraduate BSc programmes attract astronomy students per year (variable!)

12 Strategic Plan Every decade For all of NL astronomy, written by NCA : (arxiv: ) extensive consultation (esp. with young staff) make choices withdraw from projects to make way for new ones sketch financial roadmap to realising the plan aligned with international roadmaps

13 Strategic Plan Top priority new facilities (leadership role): E-ELT instrument; SPICA/SAFARI; SKA Smaller initiatives (partnerships in bigger ones): Euclid, WEAVE, Athena, LOFT, ALMA/EHT, Blackgem Fundamental R&D

14 Research focus Broad community galaxies/cosmology interstellar matter/star + planet formation high-energy astrophysics instrumentation research

15 Galaxies/cosmology Lofar: 21cm reionization signal KiDS/Euclid: growth of large-scale structure (dark E,M) Simulations: galaxy formation physics HST/ALMA: high-redshift galaxy population VLT: Stellar populations, streams

16 Star formation, exoplanets lab/apex/alma: astrochemistry SMA/ALMA: protoplanetary disks VLT: exoplanets high-contrast imaging instrumentation

17 High energy astrophysics VIRGO/eLISA/BlackGEM: gravitational waves and their sources WSRT/Lofar/LOFT: neutron star physics Lofar/Pierre Auger/Fermi/CTA: particle astrophysics

18 Instrumentation Active groups at universities, ASTRON, SRON, NOVA ASTRON: radio NOVA: optical/ir WSRT Lofar SRON: Xray detectors, submm receivers universities: AO, monitoring, mid-ir MUSE/ ASSIST Xshooter MIRI MIDI MASCARA BlackGEM METIS SKA XMM Athena MICADO ALMA- 9 HIFI SPICA

19 Data processing Gaia, MUSE, VST, Euclid, Lofar, SKA, Significant efforts, specialised, avoid re-inventing the wheel shared infrastructures for storage & handling specialized pipelines (eg Euclid) build on earlier work (eg KiDS survey at ESO)

20 Choices We do not do everything No involvement in CMB missions No involvement in LSST, Sloan, DES, Opportunities for smaller programmes through using ESO, ESA, facilities

21 Interdisciplinarity Links with: physics Euclid CTA VIRGO/ LISA chemistry computer science data mining Education & Outreach

22 On/just beyond the horizon E-ELT SKA Spica/Safari Euclid CTA Athena Strong involvement in each Science-motivated Interesting workpackages Aligned with technical know-how LISA

23 ESO Main focus of ground-based O/IR instrumentation NOVA has grown into the national home base E-ELT instrumentation role crucial scientifically programmatically science case > instrument building > GTO > science return + training of young astronomers

24 ESO E-ELT decision (Dec 14) key to maintain momentum VLT mature facility with much potential still La Silla and APEX testbed for innovation ALMA access transformational

25 Magic formula? Fundamental science Attractive to wider public and to children/students Stimulates high-tech instrumentation development (Big data) Small community, self-organised, open to the world

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