Performance evaluation and analysis of EV air-conditioning system
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1 Wol Elet Vele Jounl Vol. 4 - ISSN WEVA Pge00019 Abstt EVS2 Senzen, Cn, Nov -9, 20 Pefomne evluton n nlyss of EV -ontonng system Po-Hsu Ln GVD Dvson, Automotve Rese n estng Cente, Cngu County, n, lvn@t.og.t e elet ontonng system s n elton to te omfot of te elet vele. In ts ppe, te nfluene of sevel pmetes on te elet ontonng system s stue. e moel of te ontonng system s evelope bse on te temoynm n te pefomne testng esults of te omponents. e moel s oe on te Mtlb/Smulnk pltfom n smulte. e smulton esults so tt te ventlton to n te noo bloe spee oul be use to emove te et entee te bn n sot tme. eefoe, tese to pmetes oul be use s te mjo ontol pmetes fo te evelopng temostt ontolle. Keyos: elet vele, elet -ontonng system, soll ompesso 1. Intouton e elet vele (EV) s no popul ese top fo te vele mnuftue n te em oun te ol. Most of te esees fous on te vne enegy stoge eve n te poe-tn tenology to mpove te pefomne of EV. Regless of te mlege n vng pefomne mpovement, sevel eletl essoy systems e mplemente on te EV to pove funtons e elte to sfety n omfot. One of tese essoy systems s te elet -ontonng (A/C) system. e evelopment of te eletl AC system poves sevel vntges to te EV pefomne. e elet AC system s ven by n elet ompesso nlues ompesso n n elet moto. e elet ompesso been evelope n nstlle n te EV o te yb vele fo te pst ee [1], [2]. Beuse of te elet ompesso, te elet AC system n opete t btly ottng spee ong to te ontolle n pove equte n suffent efgeton pefomne. eefoe, te enegy onsumpton of te A/C system n be ontolle pesely s elpful to mpove te vele vng mlege. In ts ppe, te moel of te elet A/C system, nlue onense, n evpoto, n elet ompesso n n expnson vlve, s bult n smulte to stuy te nfluene of sevel pmetes on te A/C system pefomne of te EV. 2. A Contonng System Moelng e elet A/C system moel nlues te onense, te evpoto n te expnson vlve. e moel of tese omponents s evelope bse on te temoynms n te efgeton yle o te pefomne testng esults. 2.1 eml Lo of te Vele Cbn In oe to pove suffent oolng blty to te pssenges, te speftons of te elet ompesso soul be osen efully. eefoe, te teml lo to te vele bn s nlyze fstly. e teml lo omes fom vous EVS2 Wol Bttey, Hyb n Fuel Cell Elet Vele Symposum 1
2 Wol Elet Vele Jounl Vol. 4 - ISSN WEVA Pge00019 soues nlue () et tnsfee fom te vele envonment, (b) et genete by te umn boy, () te ton et omes fom te sun n () te ote essoy systems [3]. e moel of tese et soues ee moele ong to te et tnsfe ptten n oe n te smulton pogm. 2.2 Soll Compesso One te teml lo of te bn s lulte, te spefton of te ompesso s osen. In ts stuy, soll ompesso s osen to ve te efgent. e soll ompesso s gully beng opte n te moen vele beuse of te ompt sze n lo mlfunton te. In te elet vele, te ompesso s ven by n elet moto nste of te engne. eefoe, te spee of te ompesso n be btly opete to pove equte oolng pefomne ong to te ontol sttegy. s s qute ffeent fom te ttonl vele te ompesso spee s n popoton to te engne spee. e pefomne of te ompesso use n ts stuy s bult nto lookup tble bse on te testng t fom te mnuftue s son n Fgue 1. of te DC moto. ble 1 Demne pefomne of te DC moto Demne moto pefomne Opetng Voltge (V) 330 Output poe (W) < 2300 Opetng spee (pm) < 000 DC Moto speftons Stto lengt (mm) 4 Pemnent mgnet N-Fe-B (N3H) Slon steel 3CS40 Output toque (N-m) 3.2 Bk emf (V) 23 Effeny ~ 90% Volume (m) L 1.2 x W 14. x H Estmte Compesso Pefomne Consume Poe Refgeton COP Poe (kw) & COP Compesso Spee (pm) Fgue 1: pefomne mp of te soll mpesso 2.3 Elet Moto A DC busless moto s use to ve te ompesso. eefoe, te moto spefton oul be ee bse on te ompesso pefomne. e moto spefton s son n ble 1. e opetng voltge s osen to be te sme s te EV poetn system. e output poe n te opetng spee ee esgne bse on te pefomne mp n Fgue 1. e etl pmetes of te moto ee esgne to stsfy te emne pefomne e lso son n ble 1. Fgue 2 sos te smulte esult of te oque-spee eltonsp Fgue 2: oque-spee uve of te DC moto 2.4 Evpoto n Conense e evpoto n te onense e smply et exnges tt tnsfe et fom te bn to te envonment. eefoe, te teml ynms of te onense n te evpoto n be expesse bse on te et exnge penomen beteen te efgent n te. e et tnsfee fom te efgent to te et exnge ll s m & = π ( ) (1) x ee m& s te mss flo te of te efgent, s te spef et of te efgent, s te et tnsfe oeffent beteen te efgent n te ll, s te nne mete of te et exnge, n e te tempetue of te et exnge ll n te efgent, x s te stne fom te enty of te et exnge. e efgent tempetue t spef stne fom te enty n be eve fom Eq. (1) EVS2 Wol Bttey, Hyb n Fuel Cell Elet Vele Symposum 2
3 Wol Elet Vele Jounl Vol. 4 - ISSN WEVA Pge ( x π ) / ( m & ) ( ) e = + (2) ee s te nlet tempetue of te efgent. eefoe, te et exnge fom te efgent to te exnge ll n be expesse s L π / m & q = n m & e (3) ( ) ( ) ( ) ee L s te lengt of te nnels. e et exnge beteen te et exnge n te n be eve s q ( ) = A (4) ee A s te effetve et exnge e of te exnge, s te et tnsfe oeffent beteen te ll n te, s te nlet tempetue. In te stey opetng stuton, te et tnsfee n Eq. (3) ll equl to Eq. (4), n te tempetue of te et exnge ll n be eve s ( L π ) / ( m & ) A + m & ( 1 e ) = () ( L π )/ ( m & ) A + m & ( 1 e ) e efgent tempetue t te ext of te et exnge n be solve by Eq. (2) n (). 2. Expnson Vlve e expnson vlve s use to eese te efgent tempetue fom te onense by eesng te pessue. e vlve lso ts s lmt to te efgent flo te n be use to ontol te A/C system effeny. e mss flo te psse te vlve s eve s ( P P ) u & = ρ A () ev ρ m 2 ee s te spef et, ρ s te efgent ensty, A s te flo e of te expnson ev vlve, P n u P e te upstem n te onstem pessue of te expnson vlve. 3. A Contonng System Smulton e A/C system s oe n smulte on te Mtlb/Smulnk pltfom to stuy te nfluene of vous system pmetes to te oolng pefomne. e speftons of te vele e lste n ble 2 s use to lulte te teml lo of te bn. e teml lo of te EV s use to ee te opetng ontons fo te soll ompesso n te ven moto. ble 2 Vele speftons Vele spefton Font nsel e(m2) 0. Re nsel e (m2) 0.32 Se glss e (m2) 1.04 Inlnton ngle of Font nsel 2.33 Inlnton ngle of Re nsel 4.3 Vele se e (m2) 3.92 l e (m2) 1.33 Rooftop e (m2) 3.34 Bottom e (m2).2 Envonment tempetue ( ) 3 Cbn tempetue (L) 23 Inlnton ngle of sun Smulton of te ffeent noo pmetes ee e sevel pmetes e ontolle o ve by te pssenges to just te A/C system pefomne. ese pmetes ee smulte to stuy te nfluene to te A/C system. One of tese pmetes s te emne tempetue set by te pssenges. Sne te et neee to be emove neses t te loe emne tempetue, te oolng tempetue, s epesente by te sol lne n Fgue 3, neses t te emne tempetue. It n be seen tt te loe tempetue n emove ge mount of et s son by te ot lne n Fgue 3. empetue (k) Influene fo ffeent settng tempetue to te AC system 292. empetue empetue (k) Fgue 3: Influene of te emne tempetues e seon pmete ontolle by te pssenge s te noo bloe spee. e nge of te bloe spee ll vy te flo te psse te evpoto. e sol lne n Fgue 4 sos tt te outlet tempetue neses t te. EVS2 Wol Bttey, Hyb n Fuel Cell Elet Vele Symposum 3
4 Wol Elet Vele Jounl Vol. 4 - ISSN WEVA Pge flo te. It s ue to te ge flo te soten te tme te psses te evpoto. eefoe, te et bsobe by te efgent eeses n te outlet tempetue beomes ge. Hoeve, te et emove by te A/C system stll neses beuse te ge flo te s te ot lne son n Fgue 4. empetue (k) Influene of ffeent ventlton to to te AC system empetue empetue (k) Influene of ffeent flo te to te AC system empetue A Flo Rte (m 3 /s) Fgue 4: Influene of te ffeent bloe spee e pssenge numbe n te bn s lso n mpotnt fto fo te A/C system to mntn onstnt tempetue. e nfluene of te pssenge numbe s son n Fgue. It n be seen tt te outlet tempetue eeses n oe to emove te tonl et omes fom te nese pssenge. empetue (k) Influeme of pssenge numbes to te AC system empetue Pssenge No Ventlton to (%) Fgue : Influene of te ffeent vntlton to 3.2 Smulton of te envonment pmetes e nge of te envonment pmetes smply nge te mount of te et entee te bn. ee pmetes, e te envonment tempetue, te umty n te sol lo, e smulte to stuy te nfluene to te A/C system. Fgue sos te outlet tempetue n te et emove by te A/C system une ffeent envonment tempetues. e outlet tempetue, s epesent by te sol lne n Fgue, slgtly eeses s te envonment tempetue neses fom 293 k to 313 k. It s ue to te et entee te bn neses t te envonment. eefoe, te oolng tempetue ops to emove te tonl et s epesente by te ot lne son n Fgue. empetue (k) Inflene of ffeent envonment tempetues to AC system empetue Fgue : Influene of te ffeent pssenge numbe e ventlton to s nge by te outoo vlve mpe. e ge te outoo flos nto te bn, te loe te oolng n te bn s eyle. eefoe, tee s tonl et me nto te bn t te g tempetue outoo gs. Fgue sos te esult of te outlet tempetue n te emove et une ffeent ventlton to. e outlet gs tempetue eeses une lo ventlton to to emove te tonl et me nto te bn s te ot lne son n Fgue empetue (k) Fgue : Influene of te envonment temptues EVS2 Wol Bttey, Hyb n Fuel Cell Elet Vele Symposum 4
5 Wol Elet Vele Jounl Vol. 4 - ISSN WEVA Pge empetue (k) Influene of ffeent umtes to te AC system empetue Humty (%) Fgue : Influene of te ffeent umty e nfluene of te umty on te outlet tempetue s son by te sol lne n Fgue. Sne te outlet tempetue slgtly eeses t te nese umty, te umty s only mno pmete to te nge of te outlet gs tempetue. Hoeve, te A/C system nees to emove te onenston et of te vpo beuse of te ge umty. e nese te emove et s epesente by te ot lne n Fgue. empetue (k) Influene of ffeent sol lo to te AC system empetue Fgue 9: Influene of te ffeent sol lo Fgue 9 sos te bevo of te outlet tempetue n te et emove by te A/C system une ffeent sol lo. If te sol lo neses, te ton et entes te bn toug te glss n te seet metl ll neses. eefoe, te outlet gs tempetue s to eese to emove te tonl et s son t te sol lne n Fgue 9. e et emove by te A/C system sos lne eltonsp t te sol lo s epesent by te ot lne n Fgue 9. 9 system pefomne ee stue. e smulton esults so tt te sol lo n te envonment tempetue ve gete mpt on te A/C system. e smulton sos tt loe ventlton to n ge bloe spee n ply emove te tonl et entee te bn. e smulton esults oul tell us ete pmetes oul be use n te temostt ontolle evelopment fo te elet vele. e moel n lso be use to ek f te osen A/C system omponents spefton oul pove suffent efgeton pblty to te elet vele o not. Refeenes [1] M. Mkno et.l.,, Automotve A-ontonng Eletlly Dven Compesso, SAE enology Ppe Sees, ISSN , [2] N. Io et.l., Invete-Integte elet Compessos fo Hyb Veles, SAE enology Ppe Sees, ISSN , 200. [3]. B. Cng et.l.,, e Investgton of Mxmum Coolng Lo n Coolng Cpblty Peton Metos fo e A-Conton System of Vele n n, Jounl of Vele Engneeng, ISSN 10-0, 4(200), Autos Po-Hsu Ln eeve s B.S., MS n P.D egees fom te Ntonl sng Hu Unvesty, n, n 2000, 2002 n 200 espetvely. He s no n ssote engnee n te R&D vson of ARC. e ese top s fouse on te temostt n enegy-svng ontol sttegy of te elet utomotve -ontonng system. 4. Conluson In ts ppe, sem-empl moel fo te elet vele A/C system s bult n smulte on te Mtlb/Smulnk pltfom. e nfluenes of sevel pmetes on te A/C EVS2 Wol Bttey, Hyb n Fuel Cell Elet Vele Symposum
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