Finite element method for structural dynamic and stability analyses
|
|
- Cameron Harris
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Finite eement method for structura dynamic and stabiity anayses Modue-9 Structura stabiity anaysis Lecture-33 Dynamic anaysis of stabiity and anaysis of time varying systems Prof C S Manohar Department of Civi Engineering IISc, Bangaore India 1
2 Dynamic anaysis of a beam coumn P f x, t P EI, m,, c n 2 2 n 2 EI m P ncr P 2
3 Parametricay excited systems Pt f x, t Pt y m s ut av, d k v c v h A m g yg t d m u x yg xg y t t EI, m, c, y x, t 3
4 P P P P Foower forces Line of action of P remains unatered as beam deforms. Static anaysis can be used to find P cr Line of action of P remains tangentia to the deformed beam axis. Static anaysis does not ead to correct vaue of P. cr
5 Probem 1 How to characterize resonances in systems governed by equations of the form ; ; M t X C t X K t X X X X X when the parametric excitations are periodic. Probem 2 How to arrive at FE modes for PDE-s with time varying coefficients? Probem 3 Are there any situations in staticay oaded systems, wherein one needs to use dynamic anaysis to infer stabiity conditions? 5
6 Quaitative anaysis of parametricay excited systems 1 2 ;, 1,2 u t p t u t p t u t u u u u p t T p t i i i The governing equation is a inear second order ODE with time varying coefficients. It admits two fundamenta soutions.
7 1 2 u1t u2t u t c u t c u t u t p t u t p t u t pit T pit i 1tu t T p2tu t T u t u t T Let and be the fundamenta soutions of this equation. Consider the governing equation at Since, 1, 2, we get t T u t T p t T u t T p t T u t T u t T p If is a soution is aso a soution. u t T A u t u t T a u t a u t u t T a u t a u t We are interested in nature of the soution as t. 7
8 u t T Au t im ut? t 2 2 This is equivaent to asking im u t nt? u t T Au t n u t T Au t T A u t 1 n behavior of im A. n n u t nt Au t n T A u t The behavior of im u t nt is controed by the n Intutivey, one can see that this, in turn, depends upon the nature of eigenvaues of A. 8
9 u t Qvt u t T Au t Introduce the transformation u t T Au t Qv t T AQv t Pre-mutipy by Q t t Q Qv t T Q AQv t t Seect Q such that A is diagonaized. t t That is, we wish to find Q such that Q Q & Q AQ are diagona. Consider the eigenvaue probem: A Seect Q to be the matrix of eigenvectors of A. Q v t T v t 2 9
10 n v t T v t, i 1,2 i i i v t nt v t, i 1,2 i i i We have im v t im v t nt if 1, i 1, 2 t i i i n im v t im v t nt if 1, i 1, 2 t i i i n v t is periodic with period T if 1, i 1,2 i v t is periodic with period 2 T if 1, i 1,2 i i i 1
11 Reduction to norma form Consider Mutipy by exp i tt t T v t T exp t T v t v t T v t i i i exp 1 We reate i & i as i exp it i oge i T i i i i i i t T v i t T exp itvi t t exp tv t is a per exp i i i This eads to exp v t exp t t, i 1, 2 i i i v t t t i i i Periodic function iodic function with period T,for i 1,2. 11
12 v t exp t t i i i Coud be Periodic periodic function aperiodic with decay aperiodic with exposion Remarks 1 i og e i, i 1,2 are caed the characteristic exponents or T the Foquet coefficients. can be expressed as t i Any soution u t u t a v t a v t Behavior of u t as is governed by the nature of, j,i=1,2 j 1 i i i u t i Growth or Decay Osciatory behavior i 1,2 is periodic if =, that is when, i 1,2 are pure imaginary. 1 u t is periodic with period T 1 u t is periodic with period 2T i i 12
13 Determination of the characteristic exponents 1 2 u1t u2t 1, u and, u 1 u t p t u t p t u t Let & be two soutions of this equation with u u We have 1 1 u1t u1t u T u T u t T a u t a u t u t T a u t a u t u u T a u a u a u u T a u a u a u u T a u a u a u u T a u a u a A 13
14 u T u1 T 1 A u2 T u2 T Find eigenvaues of A Infer nature of soutions by using the criteria im v t im v t nt if 1, i 1 and 2 t i i i n im v t im v t nt if 1, i 1, or 2 t v t i i i i n is periodic with period T if 1, i 1, 2 v t is periodic with period 2 T if 1, i 1,2 i i i 14
15 If the condition i parametric resonance. 1 occurs, we say that the system has got into Here the motion grows exponentiay with time. Presence of damping does not imit the ampitude of osciations. Ampitudes coud get imited due to noninear effects. This is contrast with resonance in externay driven systems: 2 P x x P cos t; x ; x x t cost cost 2 2 P Pt im x t im cost cost sin t t im im xt Resonance response ampitudes are imited by damping. Noninearity woud aso become important as response grows. 15
16 Extension to MDOF systems Consider n-dof system U t P t U t Q t U t with P t T P t Q t T Q t U t T AU t Recipe Generate a set of n nn nn independent soutions of the governing equation by using a set of n ineary independent ics. Form the A matrix Find eigenvaues of matrix A. Infer the nature of the soution by examining the nature of the eigenvaues. 16
17 Foower forces P P Line of action of P remains tangentia to the deformed beam axis. Work done by P is dependent on path of deformation. Such forces are caed nonconservative forces. What is the critica vaue of P?
18 Static anaysis x P f y Pcos x P f Psin y sin EIy P cos f y P x cos 1,sin EIy P f y P x EIy Py Pf P x y k y k f x with k cos sin y y y( L) f, yl y x A kx B kx f x BCs:, P EI
19 cos sin sin cos y y y( ) f, y Bk cos sin sin cos y x A kx B kx f x y x Ak kx Bk kx BCs:, y A f y y f f A k B k f y Ak k Bk k 1 1 A k 1 B cos k sin k f k sin k k cos k 19
20 For non trivia soutions 1 1 k 1 cos k sin k k sin k k cos k 1 1 k 1 We get 1 cos k sin k k sin k k cos k This means that ony trivia soution is possibe for a vaues of k. Structure's state of rest y is aways stabe for a vaues of P. This defies expectations. Did we miss something? 2
21 Idea The oss of structura stabiity is accompanied by osciations whose ampitude grow in time. Therefore, incude inertia effects in considering stabiity of equiibrium state. Consider the case when P was appied in a conservative manner. When dynamic anaysis was performed, when P P, the response grew ineary in time with natura frequency=. The resuts from static and dynamic anaysis coincided. cr 21
22 Mode with distributed mass P P Reca BCs at x EIy & EIy Py A A P A P A BCs at x EIy & EIy P has zero component aong AA 22
23 iv EIy Py my y t y t EIy t EIy t, exp iv 2 2 k a x expsx BCs:,,,,,,, y x t x i t iv 2 EI P m s k s a s k a k k k k a & 2 a 1 1 x Acosh x B sinh x C cos x Dsin x,,,
24 x Acosh x Bsinh x C cos x Dsin x, exp ,,, Condition for nontrivia soution 2a k 2a cos k a sinh sin This eads to the reation between P and. y x t x i t Write aib y x, t xexp ia bt EI Instabiity when b Pcr P P 5 y(t)response for cr t 24
25 References V V Bootin, 1963, Nonconservative probems of the theory of eastic stabiity, Pergammon, Oxford. M A Langthejm and Y Sugiyama, 2, Dynamic stabiity of coumns subjected to foower oads: a survey, Journa of Sound and Vibration, 238(5),
26 FE anaysis of vehice-structure interactions m s ut av, k v c v m u m m u s unsprung mass sprung mass EI, m, c, y x, t
27 for t t ex it exit D m su cv u y x t, t kv u y x t, t Dt iv 1 2 EIy my cy f x, t x vt at 2,, D f x t mu m s g kv u y x t t cv u y x t, t Dt f 2 D mu y x 2 t, t Dt x, t whee force for t t iv EIy my cy with conditions at t obtained from equations vaid for t t exit Approach: integra and weak formuation exit
28 Guide way uneveness m s ut av, k v c v m u m m u s unsprung mass sprung mass EI, m, c, y x, t 28
29 u1 t u2 t m s1 k v1 c v1 kv2 c v 2 m u1 m u2 EI, m, c, y x, t Vehices and the beam interact 29
30 m s k v1 c v1 kv2 c v 2 m u1 m u2 EI, m, c, y x, t Vehices and the beam interact 3
31 31
32 Preude : Integra and weak formuations for modeing beam vibrations We consider situations in which the system to be anayzed is described in terms of a governing differentia equation.this is in contrast to our studies so far wherein we started with Hamiton's principe in formuating the probem. Consider EIy m x y f x, t y, t, y, t, EIy, t M t, EIy, t,, y x, y x We aim to find an approximate soution to this equation in the form N, y x t a t x x n1 n n As we have seen earier, the substitution of the assumed soution into the governing equation eads to a residue. 32
33 Weighted residua statement wx EIy mx y f x, t dx If y x, t is the exact soution, EIy m x y f x, t. If y x, t is repaced by its approximation, N y x t a t x x EIy m x y f x, n n, t. n1 The above statement impies that the error of representation is zero in a weighted integra sense. By choosing N independent weight functions, we get N independent equations for the unknowns a t, n 1,2,, N n
34 x x Continuity requirements on w x & are different. The requirements on n are more stringent. The weighted integra statement is equivaent to the governing fied equation and does not take into account BCs. The unknowns a t, n 1,2,, N can be determined by considering n N weight functions w x, n 1,2,, N n n N N wn x EI an tn x x mx an t n x f x, t dx n1 n1 To proceed further with the soution, we need to seect the tria functions n x n N th, 1,2,, which possess 4 order derivatives and satisfy the prescribed boundary conditions. There is no such stringent requirements on the weight w x, n 1,2,, N n functions
35 Consider wx EIy mx y f x, t dx and integrate the first term by parts: wxeiy wxeiy dx wx m x y f x, t dx, w xeiy w xeiy w xeiy dx w x m x y f x t dx This is known as the weak form. Notice: differentiabiity requirement on y x n [and hence on tria functions x, n 1,2. N] has come down to 2 and the requirement on w( x) has gone up to 2. The integration by parts has enabed us to trade the differentiabiity requirements between tria functions and the weight functions. 35
36 Consider the terms w xeiy & w xeiy We can identify two types of BCs: natura and essentia. We ca coefficients of the weight function and its derivatives in the above terms as secondary variabes. EIy Thus, & EIy are secondary variabes. Specification of secondary variabes on the boundaries constitute the natura (or force) BCs. The dependent variabes expressed in the same form as the weight function as appearing in the boundary terms are caed the primary variabes. Thus y x, t & y x, t are the primary variabes. Specification of the primary variabes on the boundaries constitutes the essentia (or geometric) boundary conditions. 36
37 Remarks The number of primary and secondary variabes woud be equa. The SVs have direct physica meaning. EIy EIy : bending moment : shear force. Each PV is associated with a corresponding SV Secondary variabe Primary variabe EIy y x t Bending moment : Sope, Shear force: Dispacement, EIy y x t Essentia BCs invove specifying dispacement & sope at the boundaries. Natura BCs invove specifying BM and SF at boundaries 37
38 Remarks Continued On the boundary either a pv can be specified or the corresponding sv can be specified. A given pair of sv and pv cannot be specified simutaneousy at the same boundary. Thus, at a free end we can specify BM to be zero and sope remains unspecfied; simiary, SF can be specified to be zero and dispacement remains unspecified. By denoting: EIy V & EIy M, we write w xv x w x M x w x m x y f x, t dx w x EIy dx 38
39 w x V x w x M x w x EIy dx w x m x y f x, t dx We now require the weight functions to satisfy the essentia BCs of the probem. Reca: the BCs we are considering are y, t, y, t, EIy t M t EIy t w,,, Accordingy, we demand w, Thus we have w x V x w x M x w V w M w M The weak form thus reads w M t w x EIy dx w x m x y f x, t dx 39
40 w M t w x EIy dx w x m x y f x, t dx This is equivaent to the origina differentia equation and the natura BCs. Reca that we have y x, t a t x x n1 with a t, n 1,2,, N to be determined. n N w M t w xei ant nx xdx n1 N N wx mx ant nx f x, t dx n1 We can use w x x,1,2,, N and obtain equations for a t, n 1,2,, N. n n n n 4
41 Remarks (continued) The method eads to symmetric coefficient matrices. The natura boundary conditions are incuded in the weak form and the approximate soution needs to satisfy ony the essentia boundary conditions. J N Reddy, 26, An introduction to the finite eement method, 3 rd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hi, New Dehi 41
42 EIy m x y f x, t y t y t y t EIy t y x,, y x,,,,,,,, 1 x 2 k n x x1 2 x xk 1 x k 1 3 k xn 1 x n 2 xk 1 4 xk 42
43 Consider the k n1 i1 th i i i1 i k 1 k k th eement Let x - where x x x x x For the k y eement we have y EIy m x y f x, t y, t u1t, y, t u2t, y k, t u t, y, 3 k t u t 4 EIy, t F t, EIy, t F t, EIy, t F t, EIy, t F t 1 2 Weighted residua statement k w EIy m y f, t d e 3 e 4 43
44 Weak form k k k w EIy w EIy w EIy d k 4 w m y f, t d k, k k F w w F F w F w 1 k k k w EIy d w m y f t d F F EIy EIy F EIy F EIy 44
45 k,, k F w w F F w F w 1 k i1 and by seecting w, i 1, 2,3, 4 we get k i 4 k 4 j i i j i i i1 i1 1 j j k 3 2 i k w EIy d w m y f t d y x t u t i EIu t d m u t f, td F F F 4 4 ij i ij i j i1 i1 w j F4 j k ; ij j i ij j i, j j j K u t M u t P t, j 1,2,3,4 k K EI d M m d k P t f t d F k 45
46 ; ; ; M m EI & K
47 Assemby Requirements Inter eement continuity of primary variabes (defection and sope in this case) Inter eement equiibrium of secondary variabes (BM and SF here). Imposition of boundary conditions Primary variabes not constrained the corresponding secondary variabes are zero (uness there are appied externa actions) Free end: defection and sope are not constrained BM and SF are zero uness the free end carries additiona forces. Primary variabes are prescribed to be zero the secondary variabes to be specified functions of time determine the reactions Governing equations of motion 47
48 for t t ex it exit D m su cv u y x t, t kv u y x t, t Dt iv 1 2 EIy my cy f x, t x vt at 2,, D f x t mu m s g kv u y x t t cv u y x t, t Dt f 2 D mu y x 2 t, t Dt x, t whee force for t t iv EIy my cy with conditions at t obtained from equations vaid for t t exit Approach: integra and weak formuation exit
VTU-NPTEL-NMEICT Project
MODUE-X -CONTINUOUS SYSTEM : APPROXIMATE METHOD VIBRATION ENGINEERING 14 VTU-NPTE-NMEICT Project Progress Report The Project on Deveopment of Remaining Three Quadrants to NPTE Phase-I under grant in aid
More information1 Equivalent SDOF Approach. Sri Tudjono 1,*, and Patria Kusumaningrum 2
MATEC Web of Conferences 159, 01005 (018) IJCAET & ISAMPE 017 https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/01815901005 Dynamic Response of RC Cantiever Beam by Equivaent Singe Degree of Freedom Method on Eastic Anaysis
More informationLecture 9. Stability of Elastic Structures. Lecture 10. Advanced Topic in Column Buckling
Lecture 9 Stabiity of Eastic Structures Lecture 1 Advanced Topic in Coumn Bucking robem 9-1: A camped-free coumn is oaded at its tip by a oad. The issue here is to find the itica bucking oad. a) Suggest
More informationCE601-Structura Anaysis I UNIT-IV SOPE-DEFECTION METHOD 1. What are the assumptions made in sope-defection method? (i) Between each pair of the supports the beam section is constant. (ii) The joint in
More informationSTABILITY OF A PARAMETRICALLY EXCITED DAMPED INVERTED PENDULUM 1. INTRODUCTION
Journa of Sound and Vibration (996) 98(5), 643 65 STABILITY OF A PARAMETRICALLY EXCITED DAMPED INVERTED PENDULUM G. ERDOS AND T. SINGH Department of Mechanica and Aerospace Engineering, SUNY at Buffao,
More informationMA 201: Partial Differential Equations Lecture - 10
MA 201: Partia Differentia Equations Lecture - 10 Separation of Variabes, One dimensiona Wave Equation Initia Boundary Vaue Probem (IBVP) Reca: A physica probem governed by a PDE may contain both boundary
More informationLecture 6: Moderately Large Deflection Theory of Beams
Structura Mechanics 2.8 Lecture 6 Semester Yr Lecture 6: Moderatey Large Defection Theory of Beams 6.1 Genera Formuation Compare to the cassica theory of beams with infinitesima deformation, the moderatey
More informationSECTION A. Question 1
SECTION A Question 1 (a) In the usua notation derive the governing differentia equation of motion in free vibration for the singe degree of freedom system shown in Figure Q1(a) by using Newton's second
More information14 Separation of Variables Method
14 Separation of Variabes Method Consider, for exampe, the Dirichet probem u t = Du xx < x u(x, ) = f(x) < x < u(, t) = = u(, t) t > Let u(x, t) = T (t)φ(x); now substitute into the equation: dt
More information4 Separation of Variables
4 Separation of Variabes In this chapter we describe a cassica technique for constructing forma soutions to inear boundary vaue probems. The soution of three cassica (paraboic, hyperboic and eiptic) PDE
More informationNonlinear Analysis of Spatial Trusses
Noninear Anaysis of Spatia Trusses João Barrigó October 14 Abstract The present work addresses the noninear behavior of space trusses A formuation for geometrica noninear anaysis is presented, which incudes
More information4 1-D Boundary Value Problems Heat Equation
4 -D Boundary Vaue Probems Heat Equation The main purpose of this chapter is to study boundary vaue probems for the heat equation on a finite rod a x b. u t (x, t = ku xx (x, t, a < x < b, t > u(x, = ϕ(x
More informationUI FORMULATION FOR CABLE STATE OF EXISTING CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE
UI FORMULATION FOR CABLE STATE OF EXISTING CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE Juan Huang, Ronghui Wang and Tao Tang Coege of Traffic and Communications, South China University of Technoogy, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51641,
More informationFourier Series. 10 (D3.9) Find the Cesàro sum of the series. 11 (D3.9) Let a and b be real numbers. Under what conditions does a series of the form
Exercises Fourier Anaysis MMG70, Autumn 007 The exercises are taken from: Version: Monday October, 007 DXY Section XY of H F Davis, Fourier Series and orthogona functions EÖ Some exercises from earier
More information1D Heat Propagation Problems
Chapter 1 1D Heat Propagation Probems If the ambient space of the heat conduction has ony one dimension, the Fourier equation reduces to the foowing for an homogeneous body cρ T t = T λ 2 + Q, 1.1) x2
More informationLobontiu: System Dynamics for Engineering Students Website Chapter 3 1. z b z
Chapter W3 Mechanica Systems II Introduction This companion website chapter anayzes the foowing topics in connection to the printed-book Chapter 3: Lumped-parameter inertia fractions of basic compiant
More informationMethods for Ordinary Differential Equations. Jacob White
Introduction to Simuation - Lecture 12 for Ordinary Differentia Equations Jacob White Thanks to Deepak Ramaswamy, Jaime Peraire, Micha Rewienski, and Karen Veroy Outine Initia Vaue probem exampes Signa
More informationMath 124B January 17, 2012
Math 124B January 17, 212 Viktor Grigoryan 3 Fu Fourier series We saw in previous ectures how the Dirichet and Neumann boundary conditions ead to respectivey sine and cosine Fourier series of the initia
More information$, (2.1) n="# #. (2.2)
Chapter. Eectrostatic II Notes: Most of the materia presented in this chapter is taken from Jackson, Chap.,, and 4, and Di Bartoo, Chap... Mathematica Considerations.. The Fourier series and the Fourier
More informationStrauss PDEs 2e: Section Exercise 2 Page 1 of 12. For problem (1), complete the calculation of the series in case j(t) = 0 and h(t) = e t.
Strauss PDEs e: Section 5.6 - Exercise Page 1 of 1 Exercise For probem (1, compete the cacuation of the series in case j(t = and h(t = e t. Soution With j(t = and h(t = e t, probem (1 on page 147 becomes
More informationСРАВНИТЕЛЕН АНАЛИЗ НА МОДЕЛИ НА ГРЕДИ НА ЕЛАСТИЧНА ОСНОВА COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ELASTIC FOUNDATION MODELS FOR BEAMS
СРАВНИТЕЛЕН АНАЛИЗ НА МОДЕЛИ НА ГРЕДИ НА ЕЛАСТИЧНА ОСНОВА Милко Стоянов Милошев 1, Константин Савков Казаков 2 Висше Строително Училище Л. Каравелов - София COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ELASTIC FOUNDATION MODELS
More informationHomework #04 Answers and Hints (MATH4052 Partial Differential Equations)
Homework #4 Answers and Hints (MATH452 Partia Differentia Equations) Probem 1 (Page 89, Q2) Consider a meta rod ( < x < ), insuated aong its sides but not at its ends, which is initiay at temperature =
More informationCABLE SUPPORTED STRUCTURES
CABLE SUPPORTED STRUCTURES STATIC AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF CABLES 3/22/2005 Prof. dr Stanko Brcic 1 Cabe Supported Structures Suspension bridges Cabe-Stayed Bridges Masts Roof structures etc 3/22/2005 Prof.
More informationModule 2. Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Structures by the Matrix Force Method. Version 2 CE IIT, Kharagpur
odue 2 naysis of Staticay ndeterminate Structures by the atri Force ethod Version 2 E T, Kharagpur esson 12 The Three-oment Equations- Version 2 E T, Kharagpur nstructiona Objectives fter reading this
More informationWork and energy method. Exercise 1 : Beam with a couple. Exercise 1 : Non-linear loaddisplacement. Exercise 2 : Horizontally loaded frame
Work and energy method EI EI T x-axis Exercise 1 : Beam with a coupe Determine the rotation at the right support of the construction dispayed on the right, caused by the coupe T using Castigiano s nd theorem.
More informationPhysics 127c: Statistical Mechanics. Fermi Liquid Theory: Collective Modes. Boltzmann Equation. The quasiparticle energy including interactions
Physics 27c: Statistica Mechanics Fermi Liquid Theory: Coective Modes Botzmann Equation The quasipartice energy incuding interactions ε p,σ = ε p + f(p, p ; σ, σ )δn p,σ, () p,σ with ε p ε F + v F (p p
More informationStrauss PDEs 2e: Section Exercise 1 Page 1 of 7
Strauss PDEs 2e: Section 4.3 - Exercise 1 Page 1 of 7 Exercise 1 Find the eigenvaues graphicay for the boundary conditions X(0) = 0, X () + ax() = 0. Assume that a 0. Soution The aim here is to determine
More informationNonlinear dynamic stability of damped Beck s column with variable cross-section
Noninear dynamic stabiity of damped Beck s coumn with variabe cross-section J.T. Katsikadeis G.C. Tsiatas To cite this version: J.T. Katsikadeis G.C. Tsiatas. Noninear dynamic stabiity of damped Beck s
More informationV.B The Cluster Expansion
V.B The Custer Expansion For short range interactions, speciay with a hard core, it is much better to repace the expansion parameter V( q ) by f( q ) = exp ( βv( q )), which is obtained by summing over
More information3.10 Implications of Redundancy
118 IB Structures 2008-9 3.10 Impications of Redundancy An important aspect of redundant structures is that it is possibe to have interna forces within the structure, with no externa oading being appied.
More informationV.B The Cluster Expansion
V.B The Custer Expansion For short range interactions, speciay with a hard core, it is much better to repace the expansion parameter V( q ) by f(q ) = exp ( βv( q )) 1, which is obtained by summing over
More informationMATH 172: MOTIVATION FOR FOURIER SERIES: SEPARATION OF VARIABLES
MATH 172: MOTIVATION FOR FOURIER SERIES: SEPARATION OF VARIABLES Separation of variabes is a method to sove certain PDEs which have a warped product structure. First, on R n, a inear PDE of order m is
More informationFirst-Order Corrections to Gutzwiller s Trace Formula for Systems with Discrete Symmetries
c 26 Noninear Phenomena in Compex Systems First-Order Corrections to Gutzwier s Trace Formua for Systems with Discrete Symmetries Hoger Cartarius, Jörg Main, and Günter Wunner Institut für Theoretische
More informationTHE REACHABILITY CONES OF ESSENTIALLY NONNEGATIVE MATRICES
THE REACHABILITY CONES OF ESSENTIALLY NONNEGATIVE MATRICES by Michae Neumann Department of Mathematics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 3009 and Ronad J. Stern Department of Mathematics, Concordia
More informationIntroduction to Simulation - Lecture 14. Multistep Methods II. Jacob White. Thanks to Deepak Ramaswamy, Michal Rewienski, and Karen Veroy
Introduction to Simuation - Lecture 14 Mutistep Methods II Jacob White Thans to Deepa Ramaswamy, Micha Rewiensi, and Karen Veroy Outine Sma Timestep issues for Mutistep Methods Reminder about LTE minimization
More informationLecture Notes for Math 251: ODE and PDE. Lecture 34: 10.7 Wave Equation and Vibrations of an Elastic String
ecture Notes for Math 251: ODE and PDE. ecture 3: 1.7 Wave Equation and Vibrations of an Eastic String Shawn D. Ryan Spring 212 ast Time: We studied other Heat Equation probems with various other boundary
More information17 Lecture 17: Recombination and Dark Matter Production
PYS 652: Astrophysics 88 17 Lecture 17: Recombination and Dark Matter Production New ideas pass through three periods: It can t be done. It probaby can be done, but it s not worth doing. I knew it was
More informationLecture Notes 4: Fourier Series and PDE s
Lecture Notes 4: Fourier Series and PDE s 1. Periodic Functions A function fx defined on R is caed a periodic function if there exists a number T > such that fx + T = fx, x R. 1.1 The smaest number T for
More informationEE 303 Homework on Transformers, Dr. McCalley.
EE 303 Homework on Transformers, Dr. ccaey.. The physica construction of four pairs of magneticay couped cois is shown beow. Assume that the magnetic fux is confined to the core materia in each structure
More informationNOISE-INDUCED STABILIZATION OF STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
NOISE-INDUCED STABILIZATION OF STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS TONY ALLEN, EMILY GEBHARDT, AND ADAM KLUBALL 3 ADVISOR: DR. TIFFANY KOLBA 4 Abstract. The phenomenon of noise-induced stabiization occurs
More informationQuantum Mechanical Models of Vibration and Rotation of Molecules Chapter 18
Quantum Mechanica Modes of Vibration and Rotation of Moecues Chapter 18 Moecuar Energy Transationa Vibrationa Rotationa Eectronic Moecuar Motions Vibrations of Moecues: Mode approximates moecues to atoms
More informationMalaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 30(2): (2018)
Maaysian Journa of Ci Engineering 3():331-346 (18) BUBNOV-GALERKIN METHOD FOR THE ELASTIC BUCKLING OF EULER COLUMNS Ofondu I.O. 1, Ikwueze E. U. & Ike C. C. * 1 Dept. of Mechanica and Production Engineering,
More information2.1. Cantilever The Hooke's law
.1. Cantiever.1.1 The Hooke's aw The cantiever is the most common sensor of the force interaction in atomic force microscopy. The atomic force microscope acquires any information about a surface because
More informationVolume 13, MAIN ARTICLES
Voume 13, 2009 1 MAIN ARTICLES THE BASIC BVPs OF THE THEORY OF ELASTIC BINARY MIXTURES FOR A HALF-PLANE WITH CURVILINEAR CUTS Bitsadze L. I. Vekua Institute of Appied Mathematics of Iv. Javakhishvii Tbiisi
More informationMath 124B January 31, 2012
Math 124B January 31, 212 Viktor Grigoryan 7 Inhomogeneous boundary vaue probems Having studied the theory of Fourier series, with which we successfuy soved boundary vaue probems for the homogeneous heat
More informationIntegrating Factor Methods as Exponential Integrators
Integrating Factor Methods as Exponentia Integrators Borisav V. Minchev Department of Mathematica Science, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway Borko.Minchev@ii.uib.no Abstract. Recenty a ot of effort has been
More informationIntroduction to Simulation - Lecture 13. Convergence of Multistep Methods. Jacob White. Thanks to Deepak Ramaswamy, Michal Rewienski, and Karen Veroy
Introduction to Simuation - Lecture 13 Convergence of Mutistep Methods Jacob White Thans to Deepa Ramaswamy, Micha Rewiensi, and Karen Veroy Outine Sma Timestep issues for Mutistep Methods Loca truncation
More informationDynamic equations for curved submerged floating tunnel
Appied Mathematics and Mechanics Engish Edition, 7, 8:99 38 c Editoria Committee of App. Math. Mech., ISSN 53-487 Dynamic equations for curved submerged foating tunne DONG Man-sheng, GE Fei, ZHANG Shuang-yin,
More informationSlender Structures Load carrying principles
Sender Structures Load carrying principes Cabes and arches v018-1 ans Weeman 1 Content (preiminary schedue) Basic cases Extension, shear, torsion, cabe Bending (Euer-Bernoui) Combined systems - Parae systems
More informationFRST Multivariate Statistics. Multivariate Discriminant Analysis (MDA)
1 FRST 531 -- Mutivariate Statistics Mutivariate Discriminant Anaysis (MDA) Purpose: 1. To predict which group (Y) an observation beongs to based on the characteristics of p predictor (X) variabes, using
More informationTechnical Data for Profiles. Groove position, external dimensions and modular dimensions
Technica Data for Profies Extruded Profie Symbo A Mg Si 0.5 F 25 Materia number.206.72 Status: artificiay aged Mechanica vaues (appy ony in pressing direction) Tensie strength Rm min. 245 N/mm 2 Yied point
More informationMore Scattering: the Partial Wave Expansion
More Scattering: the Partia Wave Expansion Michae Fower /7/8 Pane Waves and Partia Waves We are considering the soution to Schrödinger s equation for scattering of an incoming pane wave in the z-direction
More informationTHE OUT-OF-PLANE BEHAVIOUR OF SPREAD-TOW FABRICS
ECCM6-6 TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS, Sevie, Spain, -6 June 04 THE OUT-OF-PLANE BEHAVIOUR OF SPREAD-TOW FABRICS M. Wysocki a,b*, M. Szpieg a, P. Heström a and F. Ohsson c a Swerea SICOMP
More information1 Equations of Motion 3: Equivalent System Method
8 Mechanica Vibrations Equations of Motion : Equivaent System Method In systems in which masses are joined by rigid ins, evers, or gears and in some distributed systems, various springs, dampers, and masses
More informationSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS - I UNIT-I DEFLECTION OF DETERMINATE STRUCTURES
STRUCTURL NLYSIS - I UNIT-I DEFLECTION OF DETERMINTE STRUCTURES 1. Why is it necessary to compute defections in structures? Computation of defection of structures is necessary for the foowing reasons:
More informationMode in Output Participation Factors for Linear Systems
2010 American ontro onference Marriott Waterfront, Batimore, MD, USA June 30-Juy 02, 2010 WeB05.5 Mode in Output Participation Factors for Linear Systems Li Sheng, yad H. Abed, Munther A. Hassouneh, Huizhong
More informationTorsion and shear stresses due to shear centre eccentricity in SCIA Engineer Delft University of Technology. Marijn Drillenburg
Torsion and shear stresses due to shear centre eccentricity in SCIA Engineer Deft University of Technoogy Marijn Drienburg October 2017 Contents 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Hand Cacuation....................................
More informationOn a geometrical approach in contact mechanics
Institut für Mechanik On a geometrica approach in contact mechanics Aexander Konyukhov, Kar Schweizerhof Universität Karsruhe, Institut für Mechanik Institut für Mechanik Kaiserstr. 12, Geb. 20.30 76128
More informationSeparation of Variables and a Spherical Shell with Surface Charge
Separation of Variabes and a Spherica She with Surface Charge In cass we worked out the eectrostatic potentia due to a spherica she of radius R with a surface charge density σθ = σ cos θ. This cacuation
More informationVibrations of beams with a variable cross-section fixed on rotational rigid disks
1(13) 39 57 Vibrations of beams with a variabe cross-section fixed on rotationa rigid disks Abstract The work is focused on the probem of vibrating beams with a variabe cross-section fixed on a rotationa
More informationAPPENDIX C FLEXING OF LENGTH BARS
Fexing of ength bars 83 APPENDIX C FLEXING OF LENGTH BARS C.1 FLEXING OF A LENGTH BAR DUE TO ITS OWN WEIGHT Any object ying in a horizonta pane wi sag under its own weight uness it is infinitey stiff or
More information(This is a sample cover image for this issue. The actual cover is not yet available at this time.)
(This is a sampe cover image for this issue The actua cover is not yet avaiabe at this time) This artice appeared in a journa pubished by Esevier The attached copy is furnished to the author for interna
More informationGeneral Decay of Solutions in a Viscoelastic Equation with Nonlinear Localized Damping
Journa of Mathematica Research with Appications Jan.,, Vo. 3, No., pp. 53 6 DOI:.377/j.issn:95-65...7 Http://jmre.dut.edu.cn Genera Decay of Soutions in a Viscoeastic Equation with Noninear Locaized Damping
More informationANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FRP-STRENGTHENED RC BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS. Abstract
ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FRP-STRENGTHENED RC BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS Dr. Costas P. Antonopouos, University of Patras, Greece Assoc. Prof. Thanasis C. Triantafiou, University of Patras, Greece Abstract
More informationA Fictitious Time Integration Method for a One-Dimensional Hyperbolic Boundary Value Problem
Journa o mathematics and computer science 14 (15) 87-96 A Fictitious ime Integration Method or a One-Dimensiona Hyperboic Boundary Vaue Probem Mir Saad Hashemi 1,*, Maryam Sariri 1 1 Department o Mathematics,
More informationDYNAMIC RESPONSE OF CIRCULAR FOOTINGS ON SATURATED POROELASTIC HALFSPACE
3 th Word Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August -6, 4 Paper No. 38 DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF CIRCULAR FOOTINGS ON SATURATED POROELASTIC HALFSPACE Bo JIN SUMMARY The dynamic responses
More informationSolution of Wave Equation by the Method of Separation of Variables Using the Foss Tools Maxima
Internationa Journa of Pure and Appied Mathematics Voume 117 No. 14 2017, 167-174 ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-ine version) ur: http://www.ijpam.eu Specia Issue ijpam.eu Soution
More informationCS229 Lecture notes. Andrew Ng
CS229 Lecture notes Andrew Ng Part IX The EM agorithm In the previous set of notes, we taked about the EM agorithm as appied to fitting a mixture of Gaussians. In this set of notes, we give a broader view
More informationLECTURE 10. The world of pendula
LECTURE 0 The word of pendua For the next few ectures we are going to ook at the word of the pane penduum (Figure 0.). In a previous probem set we showed that we coud use the Euer- Lagrange method to derive
More informationKINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING. Question Bank. Sub. Code/Name: CE1303 Structural Analysis-I
KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Question Bank Sub. Code/Name: CE1303 Structura Anaysis-I Year: III Sem:V UNIT-I DEFLECTION OF DETERMINATE STRUCTURES 1.Why is it necessary to
More informationModule 22: Simple Harmonic Oscillation and Torque
Modue : Simpe Harmonic Osciation and Torque.1 Introduction We have aready used Newton s Second Law or Conservation of Energy to anayze systems ike the boc-spring system that osciate. We sha now use torque
More information9. EXERCISES ON THE FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD
9. EXERCISES O THE FIITE-ELEMET METHOD Exercise Thickness: t=; Pane strain proem (ν 0): Surface oad Voume oad; 4 p f ( x, ) ( x ) 0 E D 0 0 0 ( ) 4 p F( xy, ) Interna constrain: rigid rod etween D and
More informationStrain Energy in Linear Elastic Solids
Strain Energ in Linear Eastic Soids CEE L. Uncertaint, Design, and Optimiation Department of Civi and Environmenta Engineering Duke Universit Henri P. Gavin Spring, 5 Consider a force, F i, appied gradua
More informationCombining reaction kinetics to the multi-phase Gibbs energy calculation
7 th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering ESCAPE7 V. Pesu and P.S. Agachi (Editors) 2007 Esevier B.V. A rights reserved. Combining reaction inetics to the muti-phase Gibbs energy cacuation
More information22.615, MHD Theory of Fusion Systems Prof. Freidberg Lecture 2: The Moment Equations
.615, MHD Theory of Fusion ystems Prof. Freidberg Lecture : The Moment Equations Botzmann-Maxwe Equations 1. Reca that the genera couped Botzmann-Maxwe equations can be written as f q + v + E + v B f =
More informationMARKOV CHAINS AND MARKOV DECISION THEORY. Contents
MARKOV CHAINS AND MARKOV DECISION THEORY ARINDRIMA DATTA Abstract. In this paper, we begin with a forma introduction to probabiity and expain the concept of random variabes and stochastic processes. After
More informationKeywords: Functionally Graded Materials, Conical shell, Rayleigh-Ritz Method, Energy Functional, Vibration.
Journa of American Science, ;8(3) Comparison of wo Kinds of Functionay Graded Conica Shes with Various Gradient Index for Vibration Anaysis Amirhossein Nezhadi *, Rosan Abdu Rahman, Amran Ayob Facuty of
More informationNumerical methods for PDEs FEM - abstract formulation, the Galerkin method
Patzhater für Bid, Bid auf Titefoie hinter das Logo einsetzen Numerica methods for PDEs FEM - abstract formuation, the Gaerkin method Dr. Noemi Friedman Contents of the course Fundamentas of functiona
More informationSEMINAR 2. PENDULUMS. V = mgl cos θ. (2) L = T V = 1 2 ml2 θ2 + mgl cos θ, (3) d dt ml2 θ2 + mgl sin θ = 0, (4) θ + g l
Probem 7. Simpe Penduum SEMINAR. PENDULUMS A simpe penduum means a mass m suspended by a string weightess rigid rod of ength so that it can swing in a pane. The y-axis is directed down, x-axis is directed
More informationDynamic Stability of an Axially Moving Sandwich Composite Web
Mechanics and Mechanica Engineering Vo. 7 No. 1 (2004) 53-68 c Technica University of Lodz Dynamic Stabiity of an Axiay Moving Sandwich Composite Web Krzysztof MARYNOWSKI Department of Dynamics of Machines
More informationMA 201: Partial Differential Equations Lecture - 11
MA 201: Partia Differentia Equations Lecture - 11 Heat Equation Heat conduction in a thin rod The IBVP under consideration consists of: The governing equation: u t = αu xx, (1) where α is the therma diffusivity.
More informationBohr s atomic model. 1 Ze 2 = mv2. n 2 Z
Bohr s atomic mode Another interesting success of the so-caed od quantum theory is expaining atomic spectra of hydrogen and hydrogen-ike atoms. The eectromagnetic radiation emitted by free atoms is concentrated
More informationMath 220B - Summer 2003 Homework 1 Solutions
Math 0B - Summer 003 Homework Soutions Consider the eigenvaue probem { X = λx 0 < x < X satisfies symmetric BCs x = 0, Suppose f(x)f (x) x=b x=a 0 for a rea-vaued functions f(x) which satisfy the boundary
More informationSection 6: Magnetostatics
agnetic fieds in matter Section 6: agnetostatics In the previous sections we assumed that the current density J is a known function of coordinates. In the presence of matter this is not aways true. The
More informationInput-to-state stability for a class of Lurie systems
Automatica 38 (2002) 945 949 www.esevier.com/ocate/automatica Brief Paper Input-to-state stabiity for a cass of Lurie systems Murat Arcak a;, Andrew Tee b a Department of Eectrica, Computer and Systems
More informationNotes: Most of the material presented in this chapter is taken from Jackson, Chap. 2, 3, and 4, and Di Bartolo, Chap. 2. 2π nx i a. ( ) = G n.
Chapter. Eectrostatic II Notes: Most of the materia presented in this chapter is taken from Jackson, Chap.,, and 4, and Di Bartoo, Chap... Mathematica Considerations.. The Fourier series and the Fourier
More informationLecture Note 3: Stationary Iterative Methods
MATH 5330: Computationa Methods of Linear Agebra Lecture Note 3: Stationary Iterative Methods Xianyi Zeng Department of Mathematica Sciences, UTEP Stationary Iterative Methods The Gaussian eimination (or
More informationC. Fourier Sine Series Overview
12 PHILIP D. LOEWEN C. Fourier Sine Series Overview Let some constant > be given. The symboic form of the FSS Eigenvaue probem combines an ordinary differentia equation (ODE) on the interva (, ) with a
More informationT.C. Banwell, S. Galli. {bct, Telcordia Technologies, Inc., 445 South Street, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
ON THE SYMMETRY OF THE POWER INE CHANNE T.C. Banwe, S. Gai {bct, sgai}@research.tecordia.com Tecordia Technoogies, Inc., 445 South Street, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA Abstract The indoor power ine network
More informationAppendix of the Paper The Role of No-Arbitrage on Forecasting: Lessons from a Parametric Term Structure Model
Appendix of the Paper The Roe of No-Arbitrage on Forecasting: Lessons from a Parametric Term Structure Mode Caio Ameida cameida@fgv.br José Vicente jose.vaentim@bcb.gov.br June 008 1 Introduction In this
More informationExperimental Investigation and Numerical Analysis of New Multi-Ribbed Slab Structure
Experimenta Investigation and Numerica Anaysis of New Muti-Ribbed Sab Structure Jie TIAN Xi an University of Technoogy, China Wei HUANG Xi an University of Architecture & Technoogy, China Junong LU Xi
More informationDavid Eigen. MA112 Final Paper. May 10, 2002
David Eigen MA112 Fina Paper May 1, 22 The Schrodinger equation describes the position of an eectron as a wave. The wave function Ψ(t, x is interpreted as a probabiity density for the position of the eectron.
More information830. Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of SMA simply supported beam in axial stochastic excitation
8. Noninear dynamic characteristics of SMA simpy supported beam in axia stochastic excitation Zhi-Wen Zhu 1, Wen-Ya Xie, Jia Xu 1 Schoo of Mechanica Engineering, Tianjin University, 9 Weijin Road, Tianjin
More informationDISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE IN A SPATIALLY ONE- DIMENSIONAL OBJECT AS A RESULT OF THE ACTIVE POINT SOURCE
DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE IN A SPATIALLY ONE- DIMENSIONAL OBJECT AS A RESULT OF THE ACTIVE POINT SOURCE Yury Iyushin and Anton Mokeev Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Vasiievsky Isand, 1 st ine, Saint-Petersburg,
More informationPhysics 566: Quantum Optics Quantization of the Electromagnetic Field
Physics 566: Quantum Optics Quantization of the Eectromagnetic Fied Maxwe's Equations and Gauge invariance In ecture we earned how to quantize a one dimensiona scaar fied corresponding to vibrations on
More informationProblem set 6 The Perron Frobenius theorem.
Probem set 6 The Perron Frobenius theorem. Math 22a4 Oct 2 204, Due Oct.28 In a future probem set I want to discuss some criteria which aow us to concude that that the ground state of a sef-adjoint operator
More informationResearch Article Building Infinitely Many Solutions for Some Model of Sublinear Multipoint Boundary Value Problems
Abstract and Appied Anaysis Voume 2015, Artice ID 732761, 4 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/732761 Research Artice Buiding Infinitey Many Soutions for Some Mode of Subinear Mutipoint Boundary Vaue
More informationON THE POSITIVITY OF SOLUTIONS OF SYSTEMS OF STOCHASTIC PDES
ON THE POSITIVITY OF SOLUTIONS OF SYSTEMS OF STOCHASTIC PDES JACKY CRESSON 1,2, MESSOUD EFENDIEV 3, AND STEFANIE SONNER 3,4 On the occasion of the 75 th birthday of Prof. Dr. Dr.h.c. Wofgang L. Wendand
More informationSemi-Active Control of the Sway Dynamics for Elevator Ropes
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RESEARCH LABORATORIES http://www.mer.com Semi-Active Contro of the Sway Dynamics for Eevator Ropes Benosman, M. TR15-35 January 15 Abstract In this work we study the probem of rope
More informationXI PHYSICS. M. Affan Khan LECTURER PHYSICS, AKHSS, K. https://promotephysics.wordpress.com
XI PHYSICS M. Affan Khan LECTURER PHYSICS, AKHSS, K affan_414@ive.com https://promotephysics.wordpress.com [TORQUE, ANGULAR MOMENTUM & EQUILIBRIUM] CHAPTER NO. 5 Okay here we are going to discuss Rotationa
More information