Shear Strength of Soil. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University
|
|
- Antonia Lewis
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Shear Strength o Soil Hsin-yu Shan Dept. o Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University
2 Normally Consolidated Clays s u ( ) = 2 1 z c p = s u c 1 is the index o mobilization o shear strength The shear strength is ully mobilized when this ratio reaches maximum. Normally, during R test, ailure occurs at a axial strain o %
3 Drained Tests (Slow Tests) ( ) 1 expansion ε a 20% ε v contraction
4 Eective Stress Failure Envelope τ φ c 0 φ tends to decrease as P.I. increases
5 c u determined rom Q test is the strength not cohesion It comes rom the eect o locked-in stress or stress the soil had been subjected to It has nothing to do with cohesion
6 S test NC clay Strain concentration tends to lead to compression OC clay Strain concentration tends to lead to dilation Water lows outward rom shear zone Strength increase Water lows inward to shear zone Strength decrease
7 OC clay Undrained tests 1 c Plane strain 1 u c ~12% ε a
8 Pore water pressure decreases as eective stress goes up 1 Ater peak the clay is still consolidating Since the eective conining stress is increasing, the strength is still mobilizing in terms o absolute value o 1
9 NC clay 1 R envelope R envelope ( 1 ) u c
10 R ( ) 1 vs. R envelope R Overconsolidated Eective stress ailure envelope Normally consolidated Due to u < 0 Total stress (R) ailure envelope Overconsolidated ( 1 ) Normally consolidated c u or
11 S vs. R envelope ( ) 1 Eective stress (S) ailure envelope Overconsolidated Normally consolidated Due to u < 0 R > S Overconsolidated Total stress (R) ailure envelope ( 1 ) Normally consolidated c u or
12 NC (lightly OC) S strength > R strength Stability during loading is critical Heavily OC R strength > S strength Stability during excavation is critical ( ) 1
13 NC Clay ( ) 1 ( 1 ) max ( 1 ) max Eective stress path or undrained test u increases or
14 OC Clay ( ) 1 ( 1 ) max ( 1 ) max E. stress path or undrained test, u decreases or
15 NC at ( 1 ) max, the shear strength has not been ully mobilized, 1 ( ) is still increasing OC the dierence is smaller than NC. reaches maximum irst and ( ) 1 is still increasing 1 ( Actually the dierence in ( 1 ) max between NC and OC is not very large )
16 Cohesion c usually comes rom the eect o itting a straight line through the data points to get the envelope Its just the intercept on the vertical axis It is usually the apparent cohesion, not the real cohesion To test i the cohesion is real, just put the soil specimen in water i it holds, there is true cohesion
17 Factors Inluencing Undrained Shear Strength Initial eective stress Eective stress shear strength parameters c and φ o N.C. clay show no anisotropy c and φ o O.C. clay has anisotropic eect Pore water pressure generated during shear For N.C. clay, the change o pore pressure is not aected by the orientation o principal stress The pore water pressure o O.C. clay is dependent on the orientation o principal stress
18 Curved Failure Envelope Dilatancy eect at lower stress level Crushing o particles at high stress level Rearrangement o particle orientation under higher stress (tend to be more parallel) Higher φ Lower φ
19 Lee and Morrison (1970) q p Compacted kaolinite Compacted Higgens clay = 100 psi φ = 26 =100 psi φ = 25 = 2500 psi φ =12 =1200 psi φ =19
20 Bishop, Webb, and Lewin (1965) q London clay φ = 0 φ = 10 p
21 Sensitivity Strength o the soil (in an undisturbed state) divided by the strength in a completely remolded state at the same water content For most soil, sensitivity, s t, ranges between 1.5 ~ 10
22 Six Factors Aecting Sensitivity Metastable soil structure Cementation Weathering Thixotropic hardening Leaching and ion exchange Eect o addition o dispersive agents
23 1000 Sensitivity, St (log) 1 Liquidity Index, L.I.
24 Eect o Salt Concentration Eect on diuse double layer w % L.L. w % P.L. Shear strength Salt concentration Salt concentration
25 Thixotropy An isothermal, reversible, time-dependent increase in strength at a constant water content Aging Disturbance, Remold Shear strength Remolded strength Time, t
26 shear Time, t Pore pressure, u
27 Cementation Eect o removal o the cementation bonds in the soil Test No. 4 5 Leaching solution Original pore liquid Sea water EDTA (disodium salt o ethylene diamene tetra acetic acid) Max. shear strength 11,000 ps 12,000 ps 4,000 ps
28 Residual Strength Peak strength Shear strength Residual strength ε a
29 Residual Strength Occurs: At large shear strain/displacement Under drained condition S tests are appropriate tests or measuring the residual strength Especially or clay We should not use peak strength or design involving high-sensitivity clay
30 For overconsolidated clays, usually φ > φ r p τ φ p φ r c p c r 0
31 Measuring Residual Strength Direct shear (allowed displacement has to be large enough) Ring shear Consolidated-drained triaxial test
32 Strain-Rate Eect Mainly or undrained loading Equilibrium o pore water pressure Creep o soil structure under load
33 Undrained creep test Time, t Strain
34 ( ) 1 ( 1 ) logt 20 % / log cycle R test Time, logt (min)
35 Clay Mexico City clay ( 1 ) logt (% / log 6 cycle) Bearpaw clay shale 7 9 Oche bentonite 7 10 Cucaracha clay shale 8 21
36 Olson and Parola (1968) Q tests on compacted clay t 100 min 10 min 1 min 6 sec 600 milli sec 60 milli sec 6 milli sec ( 1 ) 2 (+ increase) (%)
37 Seed and Chan (1966) Undisturbed S.F. Bay mud S t 0.1sec % S conventional,t min Compacted Vicsburg silty clay and Pittsburg sandy clay S t 0.1sec % S conventional,t min 0.1 sec 10 min.8 log 10 cycles
38 Eect o Stain Rate on Modulus Negligible eect o strain rate on strain at ailure Negligible eect o strain rate on modulus
39 Dynamic loading Eect o loading requency Transient strength decreases as loading requency increases For compacted clays the strength remain almost the same For sensitive clays the strength decreases 10 20% Strain at ailure increases as loading requency increases Sot sensitive clays are more aected
40 Anisotropy Lean sensitive clays are more aected by rotation o principal planes than highly plastic clays o low sensitivity 1 1
41 Inherent anisotropy Isotropy in c, φ more obvious in OC clays, NC clays don t have this eect Dierence in inherent tendency or pore water pressure to be induced by shear more likely or OC clays, NC clays don t have this dierence Stress-induced anisotropy
42 Aas (1965) vane shear τ h τ v Site Aserum Drammen Manglerud Lierstronta OCR Slightly > τ h /τ v Why?
43 Ladd and Foott (1974) Type o test/loading condition Plane strain active ( 1 vertical) Triaxial compression ( 1 vertical) Triaxial extension ( 1 horizontal) τ / Direct simple shear Plane strain passive ( 1 horizontal) 0.19
44 1 PSA TC 1 DSS PSP TE 1
45 Triaxial Extension Test Decrease vertical stress ( v ) to induce ailure 1 = 0 1 u 0 hc v
46 0 u v = = ) (0 ) ( 0 0 u A u B u = ) ( ) ( o u K + = = i B =1 ] ) (1 ) 1)[( ( ) 1)( ( 1 0 o K A u A u + = + + =
47 Mohr-Coulomb Equation: φ φ ]sin 2 [ sin 2 2 ) ( u u + = + = ) ( u K o + + = + = +
48 τ = ( 1 ) / 2 = [1 A (1 Ko)]sinφ = [1 (1 2A )sinφ] c p For N.C. clay, the parameters in the above equations are somehow independent o consolidation pressure c p constant
49 Triaxial Compression Test Increase vertical stress ( v ) to induce ailure = 0 = + u 0 1 u 0 hc = hc + u 0 v
50 1 = v = 1 u0 i B =1 = 0 u = A ( ) 0 1 u
51 Mohr-Coulomb Equation: φ φ ]sin 2 [ sin 2 2 ) ( u u + = + = ) ( ) ( u K o + + = + = u K o + + = + = +
52 τ = ( 1 ) / 2 = [ Ko + A (1 Ko)]sinφ = [1 (1 2A )sinφ] c p For N.C. clay, the parameters in the above equations are somehow independent o consolidation pressure c p constant
53 φ = o 2 A = 0.9 K = 0.5 Triaxial compression Triaxial extension τ τ
54 This is due to stress-induced anisotropy instead o inherent anisotropy Specimens o triaxial extension tests will experience larger shear deormation The direction o major principal stress has to rotate 90
55 Direct Simple Shear Under the condition o the applied stresses, it can assumed that: Pure shear applied to horizontal and vertical planes The ailure plane is not horizontal, α=φ/2 The horizontal plane is the plane o maximum shear stress at ailure τ τ φ/2 τ max, τ v = h =0
56 τ h = 0.19 ( ) 1 / 2 = DSS Roscoe Four plates Pure shear is applied to horizontal and vertical plane DSS NGI Rubber membrane and circular rings Horizontal plane is the plane o maximum shear stress Failure plane is not horizontal (Most reasonable) τ h ( 1 ) / 2 = 0.25 = Direct Shear τ h ( 1 ) / 2 = 0.19 = 0.22
57 Determination o Undrained Shear Strength Take undisturbed samples Subject specimens to all-around conining pressure Shear the specimens to ailure with no drainage τ τ cos φ τ φ/2 = max, s u τ τ max,
58 Lab. Strength is Probably Lower Than the Field Strength Because: Specimens tested in the lab are disturbed Lab conining pressure is less than that in the ield Some drainage will occur in the ield (higher eective stress)
59 Lab. Strength is Probably Higher Than the Field Strength Because: Strain rates in the lab are much higher than the strain rate in the ield Lab s Q strengths based on triaxial compression (s DSS < s T.C. ) s u (= τ max, ) > τ
60 SHANSEP procedure (Ladd and Foott) Stress History And Normalized Soil Engineering Properties Normalized Soil Parameters NSP Major advantages: as more and more NSP data become available, less tests are needed NSP τ h This value o a soil is a constant or assumed: (1) OCR and (2) loading path (e.g. TC, TE, or DSS)
61 ( 1 ) OCR=4 OCR=2 Overconsolidated Normally consolidated, OCR=1 or
62 The (c/p)=const concept have been recognized or NC clays or a long time Ladd and Foott extend the concept to OC clays Consolidate the clay back onto the virgin curve, unload to the desired OCR, and get the shear strength
63 Eect o Sampling N.C. clay, OCR=1 e or w% Field consolidation (beore sampling) Swelling The sample swells and takes in water No swelling Stress relie only (in sampling tube) log
64 = + u 0 = + u 0 hc = Ko + u 0 u 0 u + = K o + u 0 In the ield During sampling
65 In the lab. Beore setup. 1 = % = = 0 = = = 1 = u 0 = = [1 0 u = u 0 A(1 K 0 A(1 K [ ( ) 0 )] ( + u + u 0 0 ) u ) + A( K 0 + )] 0. 5 For Ko = 0.5, A = 1.0, 1 = = 0 = = 2 2 (Elastic) For Ko 0.5, A =, 1 = = 0 =
66 NC Clay Ater N.C. clay goes through the sampling process, it may behaves like O.C. clay e or w% Virgin consolidation curve (actually, we don t have it) v, ield c log
67 To Obtain Field Undrained Shear Strength o N.C. clay Compute v, ield Measure shear strength in the lab Compute ield strength τ τ s u = ( ) lab v, ield
68 O.C. clays e or w% Virgin consolidation curve (actually, we don t have it) Highly disturbed v, ield max, ield v,lab max, lab log
69 To Obtain Field Undrained Shear Strength o O.C. clay Compute Measure shear strength in the lab or the ield τ OCR v, ield Compute ield strength τ s u = ( ) lab v, ield τ constant max, ield For a given OCR
70 O.C. clays in the lab in the ield Virgin consolidation curve (actually, we don t have it) e or w% Shear v, ield max, ield v,lab max, lab log
71 For a given OCR τ constant τ OCR
72 Comments Ladd and Foott s procedure eliminate the error o sampling, thus overestimate the shear strength on the unsae side Soil must have relatively insensitive structure, because using this procedure will consolidate and shear a lot o soil specimens
Stress and Strains in Soil and Rock. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University
Stress and Strains in Soil and Rock Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Stress and Strain ε 1 1 2 ε 2 ε Dimension 1 2 0 ε ε ε 0 1 2 ε 1 1 2 ε 2 ε Plane Strain = 0 1 2
More informationLateral Earth Pressure
1 of 11 6/2/2012 4:28 AM Lateral Earth Pressure The magnitude of lateral earth pressure depends on: 1. Shear strength characteristics of soil 2. Lateral strain condition 3. Pore water pressure 4. State
More informationLaboratory Testing Total & Effective Stress Analysis
SKAA 1713 SOIL MECHANICS Laboratory Testing Total & Effective Stress Analysis Prepared by: Dr. Hetty Mohr Coulomb failure criterion with Mohr circle of stress 2 ' 2 ' ' ' 3 ' 1 ' 3 ' 1 Cot Sin c ' ' 2
More informationSoil strength. the strength depends on the applied stress. water pressures are required
Soil Strength Soil strength u Soils are essentially frictional materials the strength depends on the applied stress u Strength is controlled by effective stresses water pressures are required u Soil strength
More informationSHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL
Soil Failure Criteria SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL Knowledge about the shear strength of soil important for the analysis of: Bearing capacity of foundations, Slope stability, Lateral pressure on retaining structures,
More informationSoil Properties - I. Amit Prashant. Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar. Short Course on. Geotechnical Aspects of Earthquake Engineering
Soil Properties - I Amit Prashant Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Short Course on Geotechnical Aspects of Earthquake Engineering 04 08 March, 2013 Regional Soil Deposits of India Alluvial deposits
More informationSOIL SHEAR STRENGTH. Prepared by: Dr. Hetty Muhammad Azril Fauziah Kassim Norafida
SOIL SHEAR STRENGTH Prepared by: Dr. Hetty Muhammad Azril Fauziah Kassim Norafida What is shear strength Shear strength of a soil is the maximum internal resistance to applied shearing forces Why it is
More informationTriaxial Shear Test. o The most reliable method now available for determination of shear strength parameters.
TOPICS Introduction Components of Shear Strength of Soils Normal and Shear Stresses on a Plane Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criterion Laboratory Shear Strength Testing Direct Shear Test Triaxial Compression Test
More information1.5 STRESS-PATH METHOD OF SETTLEMENT CALCULATION 1.5 STRESS-PATH METHOD OF SETTLEMENT CALCULATION
Module 6 Lecture 40 Evaluation of Soil Settlement - 6 Topics 1.5 STRESS-PATH METHOD OF SETTLEMENT CALCULATION 1.5.1 Definition of Stress Path 1.5. Stress and Strain Path for Consolidated Undrained Undrained
More informationChapter (12) Instructor : Dr. Jehad Hamad
Chapter (12) Instructor : Dr. Jehad Hamad 2017-2016 Chapter Outlines Shear strength in soils Direct shear test Unconfined Compression Test Tri-axial Test Shear Strength The strength of a material is the
More informationFollowing are the results of four drained direct shear tests on an overconsolidated clay: Diameter of specimen 50 mm Height of specimen 25 mm
444 Chapter : Shear Strength of Soil Example. Following are the results of four drained direct shear tests on an overconsolidated clay: Diameter of specimen 50 mm Height of specimen 5 mm Normal Shear force
More informationTheory of Shear Strength
MAJ 1013 ADVANCED SOIL MECHANICS Theory of Shear Strength Prepared by, Dr. Hetty 1 Strength of different materials Steel Concrete Soil Tensile strength Compressive strength Shear strength Complex behavior
More information1.8 Unconfined Compression Test
1-49 1.8 Unconfined Compression Test - It gives a quick and simple measurement of the undrained strength of cohesive, undisturbed soil specimens. 1) Testing method i) Trimming a sample. Length-diameter
More informationCyclic Behavior of Sand and Cyclic Triaxial Tests. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University
Cyclic Behavior of Sand and Cyclic Triaxial Tests Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Causes of Pore Pressure Buildup due to Cyclic Stress Application Stress are due
More informationTheory of Shear Strength
SKAA 1713 SOIL MECHANICS Theory of Shear Strength Prepared by, Dr. Hetty 1 SOIL STRENGTH DEFINITION Shear strength of a soil is the maximum internal resistance to applied shearing forces The maximum or
More informationShear Strength of Soil. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University
Shear Strength of Soil Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Principal stress space a b c Rendulic Plot a r r r Rendulic Plot Axial Stress a ' Radial Stress r a We can
More information8.1. What is meant by the shear strength of soils? Solution 8.1 Shear strength of a soil is its internal resistance to shearing stresses.
8.1. What is meant by the shear strength of soils? Solution 8.1 Shear strength of a soil is its internal resistance to shearing stresses. 8.2. Some soils show a peak shear strength. Why and what type(s)
More informationProf. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay
56 Module 4: Lecture 7 on Stress-strain relationship and Shear strength of soils Contents Stress state, Mohr s circle analysis and Pole, Principal stressspace, Stress pathsin p-q space; Mohr-Coulomb failure
More informationChapter 5 Shear Strength of Soil
Page 5 Chapter 5 Shear Strength of Soil. The internal resistance per unit area that the soil mass can offer to resist failure and sliding along any plane inside it is called (a) strength (b) shear strength
More informationConsolidation. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University
Consolidation Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Some Definitions Settlement: change in elevation Compression: change in thickness settlement S i = compresseion of layer
More informationSHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL UNCONFINED COMPRESSION TEST
SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL DEFINITION The shear strength of the soil mass is the internal resistance per unit area that the soil mass can offer to resist failure and sliding along any plane inside it. INTRODUCTION
More informationShear Strength of Soils
Shear Strength of Soils Soil strength Most of problems in soil engineering (foundations, slopes, etc.) soil withstands shear stresses. Shear strength of a soil is defined as the capacity to resist shear
More informationShear Strength of Soils
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOTECHNICS Shear Strength of Soils Prof. Ing. Marco Favaretti University of Padova Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering Via Ognissanti, 39 Padova (Italy) phone:
More informationThe Intrinsic Properties of Reconstituted Soils
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-218 The Intrinsic Properties of Reconstituted Soils Nabeel Shaker Mahmood University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this
More informationCavity Expansion Methods in Geomechanics
Cavity Expansion Methods in Geomechanics by Hai-Sui Yu School of Civil Engineering, University of Nottingham, U. K. KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LONDON TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword Preface
More informationShear Strength of Soils
Shear Strength of Soils STRESSES IN A SOIL ELEMENT t s v Analyze Effective Stresses (s ) Load carried by Soil t Where: s H t t s H s = t f = s v = s H = t = s v Stresses in a Soil Element after Figure
More informationCalculation of 1-D Consolidation Settlement
Calculation of 1-D Consolidation Settlement A general theory for consolidation, incorporating threedimensional flow is complicated and only applicable to a very limited range of problems in geotechnical
More informationCompression and swelling. Mechanisms of compression. Mechanisms Common cases Isotropic One-dimensional Wet and dry states
Compression and swelling Mechanisms Common cases Isotropic One-dimensional Wet and dry states The relationship between volume change and effective stress is called compression and swelling. (Consolidation
More informationShear strength. Common cases of shearing In practice, the state of stress in the ground will be complex. Common cases of shearing Strength
Shear strength Common cases of shearing Strength Near any geotechnical construction (e.g. slopes, excavations, tunnels and foundations) there will be both mean and normal stresses and shear stresses. The
More information(Refer Slide Time: 02:18)
Geology and Soil Mechanics Prof. P. Ghosh Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Lecture 40 Shear Strength of Soil - C Keywords: Shear strength of soil, direct shear test,
More informationSHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL
SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL Necessity of studying Shear Strength of soils : Soil failure usually occurs in the form of shearing along internal surface within the soil. Shear Strength: Thus, structural strength
More informationModified Cam-clay triaxial test simulations
1 Introduction Modified Cam-clay triaxial test simulations This example simulates a series of triaxial tests which can be used to verify that Modified Cam-Clay constitutive model is functioning properly.
More informationTable of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering 1.1 Geotechnical Engineering 1.2 The Unique Nature of Soil and Rock Materials
Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering 1.1 Geotechnical Engineering 1.2 The Unique Nature of Soil and Rock Materials 1.3 Scope of This Book 1.4 Historical Development of Geotechnical
More informationAdapting The Modified Cam Clay Constitutive Model To The Computational Analysis Of Dense Granular Soils
University of Central Florida Electronic Theses and Dissertations Masters Thesis (Open Access) Adapting The Modified Cam Clay Constitutive Model To The Computational Analysis Of Dense Granular Soils 2005
More informationD1. A normally consolidated clay has the following void ratio e versus effective stress σ relationship obtained in an oedometer test.
(d) COMPRESSIBILITY AND CONSOLIDATION D1. A normally consolidated clay has the following void ratio e versus effective stress σ relationship obtained in an oedometer test. (a) Plot the e - σ curve. (b)
More informationStrength and Deformation
17 Strength and Deformation Dana N. Humphrey University of Maine 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Strength Parameters ased on Effective Stresses and Total Stresses 17.3 Laboratory Tests for Shear Strength 17.4 Shear
More informationAdvanced model for soft soils. Modified Cam-Clay (MCC)
Advanced model for soft soils. Modified Cam-Clay (MCC) c ZACE Services Ltd August 2011 1 / 62 2 / 62 MCC: Yield surface F (σ,p c ) = q 2 + M 2 c r 2 (θ) p (p p c ) = 0 Compression meridian Θ = +π/6 -σ
More informationSoil and Rock Strength. Chapter 8 Shear Strength. Steel Strength. Concrete Strength. Dr. Talat Bader May Steel. Concrete.
Chapter 8 Shear Strength Dr. Talat Bader May 2006 Soil and Rock Strength Unconfined compressive strength (MPa) Steel Concrete 20 100 250 750 0.001 0.01 Soil 0.1 1.0 10 Rock 100 250 F y = 250 to 750 MPa
More informationClass Principles of Foundation Engineering CEE430/530
Class Principles of Foundation Engineering CEE430/530 1-1 General Information Lecturer: Scott A. Barnhill, P.E. Lecture Time: Thursday, 7:10 pm to 9:50 pm Classroom: Kaufmann, Room 224 Office Hour: I have
More informationPRINCIPLES OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
PRINCIPLES OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING Fourth Edition BRAJA M. DAS California State University, Sacramento I(T)P Boston Albany Bonn Cincinnati London Madrid Melbourne Mexico City New York Paris San Francisco
More informationShear Strength of. Charles Aubeny. Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University
Shear Strength of Shallow Soils Charles Aubeny Associate Professor Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University Issues 1. Relevant to practical problems Shallow slopes Organic soils Pipeline embedment
More information7. STRESS ANALYSIS AND STRESS PATHS
7-1 7. STRESS ANALYSIS AND STRESS PATHS 7.1 THE MOHR CIRCLE The discussions in Chapters and 5 were largely concerned with vertical stresses. A more detailed examination of soil behaviour requires a knowledge
More informationCompressibility & Consolidation
CHAPTER Compressibility & Consolidation Settlement If a structure is placed on soil surface, then the soil will undergo an elastic and plastic deformation. In engineering practice, the deformation or reduction
More informationWelcome back. So, in the last lecture we were seeing or we were discussing about the CU test. (Refer Slide Time: 00:22)
Geology and Soil Mechanics Prof. P. Ghosh Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Lecture - 43 Shear Strength of Soils Keywords: Triaxial shear test, unconsolidated undrained
More informationINTERPRETATION OF UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF UNSATURATED SOILS IN TERMS OF STRESS STATE VARIABLES
INTERPRETATION OF UNDRAINED SHEAR STRENGTH OF UNSATURATED SOILS IN TERMS OF STRESS STATE VARIABLES S. K. Vanapalli and D.G. Fredlund Department of Civil Engineering University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon
More informationGeotechnical Properties of Soil
Geotechnical Properties of Soil 1 Soil Texture Particle size, shape and size distribution Coarse-textured (Gravel, Sand) Fine-textured (Silt, Clay) Visibility by the naked eye (0.05 mm is the approximate
More informationSOIL MODELS: SAFETY FACTORS AND SETTLEMENTS
PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA SER. CIV. ENG. VOL. 48, NO. 1 2, PP. 53 63 (2004) SOIL MODELS: SAFETY FACTORS AND SETTLEMENTS Gabriella VARGA and Zoltán CZAP Geotechnical Department Budapest University of Technology
More informationSoil Properties - II
Soil Properties - II Amit Prashant Indian Institute of Technology andhinagar Short Course on eotechnical Aspects of Earthquake Engineering 04 08 March, 2013 Seismic Waves Earthquake Rock Near the ground
More informationthe tests under simple shear condition (TSS), where the radial and circumferential strain increments were kept to be zero ( r = =0). In order to obtai
Institute of Industrial Science, niversity of Tokyo Bulletin of ES, No. 4 (0) STESS-DILATANCY CHAACTEISTICS OF SAND IN DAINED CYLIC TOSIONAL SHEA TESTS Seto WAHYDI and Junichi KOSEKI ABSTACT: Stress-dilatancy
More informationThe Consolidation and Strength Behavior of Mechanically Compressed Fine-Grained Sediments
The Consolidation and Strength Behavior of Mechanically Compressed Fine-Grained Sediments A Ph.D. Defense by Brendan Casey Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Jack Germaine Committee Chair: Prof. Herbert Einstein Committee
More informationTikrit University. College of Engineering Civil engineering Department CONSOILDATION. Soil Mechanics. 3 rd Class Lecture notes Up Copyrights 2016
Tikrit University CONSOILDATION College of Engineering Civil engineering Department Soil Mechanics 3 rd Class Lecture notes Up Copyrights 2016 Stresses at a point in a soil mass are divided into two main
More informationShear Strength of Soil
8 Shear Strength of Soil 8 1 INTRODUCTION As a structural member, a piece of steel is capable of resisting compression, tension, and shear. Soil, however, like concrete and rock, is not capable of resisting
More informationThe process of consolidation and settlement
Consolidation Based on part of the GeotechniCAL reference package by Prof. John Atkinson, City University, London The process of consolidation and settlement One-dimensional consolidation theory The oedometer
More informationEffect of Frozen-thawed Procedures on Shear Strength and Shear Wave Velocity of Sands
Effect of Frozen-thawed Procedures on Shear Strength and Shear Wave Velocity of Sands JongChan Kim 1), *Sang Yeob Kim 1), Shinhyun Jeong 2), Changho Lee 3) and Jong-Sub Lee 4) 1), 4) School of Civil, Environmental
More informationMODELING OF STRAIN RATE EFFECTS ON CLAYS IN SIMPLE SHEAR. A Thesis BYOUNG CHAN JUNG
MODELING OF STRAIN RATE EFFECTS ON CLAYS IN SIMPLE SHEAR A Thesis by BYOUNG CHAN JUNG Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
More informationCREEP AND RELAXATION BEHAVIOR OF HIGHLY ORGANIC SOIL
Geotec., Const. Mat. & Env., ISSN: 2186-2982(Print), 2186-2990(Online), Japan CREEP AND RELAXATION BEHAVIOR OF HIGHLY ORGANIC SOIL Shoji KAMAO 1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Nihon University, JAPAN
More informationFUNDAMENTALS OF CONSOLIDATION
FUNDAMENTALS OF CONSOLIDATION σ (Vertical Stress Increase) SAND CLAY CONSOLIDATION: Volume change in saturated soils caused by the expulsion of pore water from loading. Saturated Soils: σ causes u to increase
More informationFinite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering
Release Notes Release Date: July, 2015 Product Ver.: GTSNX 2015 (v2.1) Integrated Solver Optimized for the next generation 64-bit platform Finite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering Enhancements
More informationLongdong Loess Mechanics Characteristics and Analysis based on Conventional Triaxial Test
2nd Workshop on Advanced Research and Technology in Industry Applications (WARTIA 2016) Longdong Loess Mechanics Characteristics and Analysis based on Conventional Triaxial Test Zhang Binwei1, 2, 3 Liu
More informationTowards Efficient Finite Element Model Review Dr. Richard Witasse, Plaxis bv (based on the original presentation of Dr.
Towards Efficient Finite Element Model Review Dr. Richard Witasse, Plaxis bv (based on the original presentation of Dr. Brinkgreve) Journée Technique du CFMS, 16 Mars 2011, Paris 1/32 Topics FEA in geotechnical
More informationIntroduction to Soil Mechanics
Introduction to Soil Mechanics Sela Sode and Colin Jones WILEY Blackwell Contents Preface Dedication and Acknowledgments List of Symbols Soil Structure 1.1 Volume relationships 1.1.1 Voids ratio (e) 1.1.2
More informationCHARACTERIZATION OF SENSITIVE SOFT CLAYS FOR DESIGN PURPOSES
Indian Geotechnical Conference IGC2016 15-17 December 2016, IIT Madras, Chennai, India CHARACTERIZATION OF SENSITIVE SOFT CLAYS FOR DESIGN PURPOSES V. Thakur, Professor, Geotechnical Engineering, Norwegian
More informationMicromechanics-based model for cement-treated clays
THEORETICAL & APPLIED MECHANICS LETTERS 3, 216 (213) Micromechanics-based model for cement-treated clays Zhenyu Yin, 1, a) 2, b) and Pierre Yves Hicher 1) Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao
More informationModule 3. DYNAMIC SOIL PROPERTIES (Lectures 10 to 16)
Module 3 DYNAMIC SOIL PROPERTIES (Lectures 10 to 16) Lecture 15 Topics 3.6 STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR OF CYCLICALLY LOADED SOILS 3.7 SOME BASIC ASPECTS OF PARTICULATE MATTER BEHAVIOR 3.8 EQUIVALENT LINEAR
More informationLABORATORY MEASUREMENTS OF STIFFNESS OF SOFT CLAY USING BENDER ELEMENTS
LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS OF STIFFNESS OF SOFT CLAY USING BENDER ELEMENTS ABSTRACT: S. H. Oh 1, D. S. Park 2, B. J. Kim 3, E. J. Kim 1 and Y. J. Mok 4 1 Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil Eng., Kyunghee
More informationA Constitutive Framework for the Numerical Analysis of Organic Soils and Directionally Dependent Materials
Dublin, October 2010 A Constitutive Framework for the Numerical Analysis of Organic Soils and Directionally Dependent Materials FracMan Technology Group Dr Mark Cottrell Presentation Outline Some Physical
More informationYOUR HW MUST BE STAPLED YOU MUST USE A PENCIL (no pens)
Spring 2008 CIVE 462 HOMEWORK #1 1. Print out the syllabus. Read it. Write the grade percentages in the first page of your notes. 2. Go back to your 301 notes, internet, etc. and find the engineering definition
More informationPre-failure Deformability of Geomaterials. Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University
Pre-failure Deformability of Geomaterials Hsin-yu Shan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Chiao Tung University Strain Levels Strain at failure Sand Clay Rock Distribution of strain of soil in the field
More informationFinite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering
Release Notes Release Date: January, 2016 Product Ver.: GTSNX 2016 (v1.1) Integrated Solver Optimized for the next generation 64-bit platform Finite Element Solutions for Geotechnical Engineering Enhancements
More informationLABORATORY SHEAR TESTING OF SOILS
LABORATORY SHEAR TESTING OF SOILS A symposium sponsored by the NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA and the AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS Ottawa, Canada, Sept. 9, 1963 @ Reg. U. S. Pat. Off..4STM
More informationby a factor (F) of 1.8 and 1.6 for vane
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Cite this manuscript as follows: O'Kelly B.C. (2013) Discussion of "Enhancement
More informationVerification of the Hyperbolic Soil Model by Triaxial Test Simulations
1 Introduction Verification of the Hyperbolic Soil Model by Triaxial Test Simulations This example simulates a series of triaxial tests that can be used to verify that the Hyperbolic constitutive model
More informationDestructuration of soft clay during Shield TBM tunnelling and its consequences
Destructuration of soft clay during Shield TBM tunnelling and its consequences Hirokazu Akagi Abstract It is very important to prevent ground settlement associated with shield TBM tunnelling in soft ground
More information3 DYNAMIC SOIL PROPERTIES
Module 3 DYNAMIC SOIL PROPERTIES (Lectures 10 to 16) Lecture 13 Topics 3.3.18 Other field tests 3.3.19 Laboratory tests 3.3.20 Sampling 3.3.21 Low-Strain element tests Resonant column test Ultrasonic pulse
More informationEarth Pressure Theory
Lateral Earth Pressure Page 1 Earth Pressure Theory Examples of Retaining Walls Lateral Earth Pressure Page 2 At-Rest, Active and Passive Earth Pressure Wednesday, August 17, 2011 12:45 PM At-rest condition
More informationFUNDAMENTALS SOIL MECHANICS. Isao Ishibashi Hemanta Hazarika. >C\ CRC Press J Taylor & Francis Group. Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
SOIL MECHANICS FUNDAMENTALS Isao Ishibashi Hemanta Hazarika >C\ CRC Press J Taylor & Francis Group Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
More informationThe Hardening Soil model with small strian stiffness
The Hardening Soil model with small strain stiffness in Zsoil v2011 Rafal OBRZUD GeoMod Ing. SA, Lausanne Content Introduction Framework of the Hardening Soil model Hardening Soil SmallStrain Hardening
More informationChapter (5) Allowable Bearing Capacity and Settlement
Chapter (5) Allowable Bearing Capacity and Settlement Introduction As we discussed previously in Chapter 3, foundations should be designed for both shear failure and allowable settlement. So the allowable
More informationGEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS OBTAINED WITH NONLINEAR COMPUTATIONAL MODELS USED IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE CIBv 2010 12 13 November 2010, Braşov GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS OBTAINED WITH NONLINEAR COMPUTATIONAL MODELS USED IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS Iulia-Consuela MOLNAR*,
More informationSome Recent Advances in (understanding) the Cyclic Behavior of Soils
39 th SPRING SEMINAR and 19 th LA GEO EXPO American Society of Civil Engineers Geo-Institute, Los Angeles Section Wednesday April 13, 216 Queen Mary, Long Beach, CA 982 Invited lecture: Some Recent Advances
More information(Refer Slide Time 1:07 min)
Soil Mechanics Prof. B.V.S. Viswanathan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture 46 Shear Strength of Soils Lecture No.4 Students we had 3 lectures so far on this
More informationA simple elastoplastic model for soils and soft rocks
A simple elastoplastic model for soils and soft rocks A SIMPLE ELASTO-PLASTIC MODEL FOR SOILS AND SOFT ROCKS by Roberto Nova Milan University of Technology 1. MODEL HISTORY The model is the result of the
More informationDRAINED RESIDUAL STRENGTH FOR LANDSLIDES
DRAINED RESIDUAL STRENGTH FOR LANDSLIDES Timothy D. Stark 1, F. ASCE, P.E. and Manzoor Hussain 2, S.M. ASCE 1 Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, 205 N. Mathews
More informationConsolidation process and stress-path-dependant deformations in excavations in soft soils
Consolidation process and stress-path-dependant deormations in excavations in sot soils Berhane Gebreselassie & P. Becker Institute o Geotechnics and Geohydraulics, University o Kassel, Germany BSTRCT:
More informationGEO E1050 Finite Element Method Mohr-Coulomb and other constitutive models. Wojciech Sołowski
GEO E050 Finite Element Method Mohr-Coulomb and other constitutive models Wojciech Sołowski To learn today. Reminder elasticity 2. Elastic perfectly plastic theory: concept 3. Specific elastic-perfectly
More informationLinks between small and large strain behavior of Presumpscot clay
Links between small and large strain behavior of Presumpscot clay C.D.P. Baxter Depts. of Ocean/Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI Y. Guadalupe Torres Centre
More informationDeformation And Stability Analysis Of A Cut Slope
Deformation And Stability Analysis Of A Cut Slope Masyitah Binti Md Nujid 1 1 Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Technology MARA (Perlis), 02600 Arau PERLIS e-mail:masyitahmn@perlis.uitm.edu.my
More informationModule 5: Failure Criteria of Rock and Rock masses. Contents Hydrostatic compression Deviatoric compression
FAILURE CRITERIA OF ROCK AND ROCK MASSES Contents 5.1 Failure in rocks 5.1.1 Hydrostatic compression 5.1.2 Deviatoric compression 5.1.3 Effect of confining pressure 5.2 Failure modes in rocks 5.3 Complete
More informationSoil Mechanics Prof. B.V.S. Viswanathan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture 51 Earth Pressure Theories II
Soil Mechanics Prof. B.V.S. Viswanathan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture 51 Earth Pressure Theories II Welcome to lecture number two on earth pressure theories.
More informationGeotechnical Parameters for Retaining Wall Design
11 th October 2012 Geotechnical Parameters for Retaining Wall Design Tanya Kouzmin 1 Most geotechnical failures are of retaining walls Are failure caused by WRONG calculations? Not usually calculation
More informationOh, Erwin, Bolton, Mark, Balasubramaniam, Bala, Buessucesco, B.
Undrained Behavior of Lime Treated Soft Clays Author Oh, Erwin, Bolton, Mark, Balasubramaniam, Bala, Buessucesco, B. Published 8 Conference Title Proceedings of the Eighteenth (8) International Offshore
More informationCh 4a Stress, Strain and Shearing
Ch. 4a - Stress, Strain, Shearing Page 1 Ch 4a Stress, Strain and Shearing Reading Assignment Ch. 4a Lecture Notes Sections 4.1-4.3 (Salgado) Other Materials Handout 4 Homework Assignment 3 Problems 4-13,
More informationSOIL MECHANICS Assignment #7: Shear Strength Solution.
14.330 SOIL MECHANICS Assignment #7: Shear Strength Solution. PROBLEM #1: GIVEN: Direct Shear test results from a SP soil shown in Figure A (from 14.330_2012_Assignment_#8_P1.csv on the course website).
More informationLandslide FE Stability Analysis
Landslide FE Stability Analysis L. Kellezi Dept. of Geotechnical Engineering, GEO-Danish Geotechnical Institute, Denmark S. Allkja Altea & Geostudio 2000, Albania P. B. Hansen Dept. of Geotechnical Engineering,
More information2017 Soil Mechanics II and Exercises Final Exam. 2017/7/26 (Wed) 10:00-12:00 Kyotsu 4 Lecture room
2017 Soil Mechanics II and Exercises Final Exam 2017/7/26 (Wed) 10:00-12:00 Kyotsu 4 Lecture room Attention: The exam consists of five questions for which you are provided with five answer sheets. Write
More informationGeology 229 Engineering Geology. Lecture 5. Engineering Properties of Rocks (West, Ch. 6)
Geology 229 Engineering Geology Lecture 5 Engineering Properties of Rocks (West, Ch. 6) Common mechanic properties: Density; Elastic properties: - elastic modulii Outline of this Lecture 1. Uniaxial rock
More informationPrinciples of Foundation Engineering 8th Edition Das SOLUTIONS MANUAL
Principles of Foundation Engineering 8th Edition SOLUTIONS MANUAL Full clear download (no formatting errors) at: https://testbankreal.com/download/principles-foundation-engineering- 8th-edition-das-solutions-manual/
More informationSHEAR STRENGTH I YULVI ZAIKA
SHEAR STRENGTH I YULVI ZAIKA MATERI Keruntuhan mohr coulomb, stress paths, kuat geser tanah non kohesif dan kohesif, evaluasi kuat geser di lapangan, tegangan normal dan tegangan geser pada sebuah bidang
More informationFoundation Analysis LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
Foundation Analysis LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE INTRODUCTION Vertical or near-vertical slopes of soil are supported by retaining walls, cantilever sheet-pile walls, sheet-pile bulkheads, braced cuts, and other
More informationNonlinear Time-Dependent Soil Behavior due to Construction of Buried Structures
Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering, vol. 4, no. 1, 214, 71-88 ISSN: 172-4 (print), 172- (online) Scienpress Ltd, 214 Nonlinear Time-Dependent Soil Behavior due to Construction of Buried
More information