Supplement of Microfossil evidence for trophic changes during the Eocene Oligocene transition in the South Atlantic (ODP Site 1263, Walvis Ridge)

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1 Supplement of Clim. Past, 11, , doi: /cp supplement Author(s) CC Attribution 3.0 License. Supplement of Microfossil evidence for trophic changes during the Eocene Oligocene transition in the South Atlantic (ODP Site 1263, Walvis Ridge) M. Bordiga et al. Correspondence to: M. Bordiga The copyright of individual parts of the supplement might differ from the CC-BY 3.0 licence.

2 Table S1. Planktonic foraminifer marker species at Site 1263 from to mcd. A: absent; P: present. 250< >150 µm fraction 150< >125 µm fraction Depth (mcd) Turborotalia cerroazulensis Turborotalia cunialensis Turborotalia cocoaensis Sample ID 1263A, 10H-3, cm A A A A A A, 10H-3, cm A A A A A A, 10H-3, cm A A A A A A, 10H-4, cm A A A A A A, 10H-4, cm A A A A A A, 10H-4, cm A A A A A A, 10H-5, cm A A A A A A, 10H-5, cm A A A A A B, 4H-CC A A A A A A, 10H-6, cm P P P P P A, 10H-7, cm P P P P P A, 10H-CC A P A P P A, 11H-1, cm P A P P P A, 11H-3, cm A A A P P A, 11H-4, cm P P P P P A, 11H-5, cm P P P P P Hantkenina spp. tubulospines Hantkenina spp. specimens Pseudohastigerina micra Pseudohastigerina naguewichiensis Total planktonic specimens Pseudohastigerina micra Pseudohastigerina naguewichiensis Total planktonic specimens

3 Table S2. Factor scores obtained in the PCA performed with and without the presence of the marker species for dataset A. The bold numbers are the most important loadings. Markers DATASET A No Markers Species PC1 PC2 PC1 PC2 Braarudosphaera bigelowii Bramlettei serraculoides Clausicoccus obrutus Clausicoccus subdistichus Chiasmolithus spp Chiasmolithus altus pelagicus (3-7µm) pelagicus (7-11µm) pelagicus (11-16µm) eopelagicus cachaoi formosus Cyclicargolithus sp. (3-5µm) Cyclicargolithus sp. (5-7µm) Cyclicargolithus sp. (7-10µm) C. floridanus (3-5µm) C. floridanus (5-7µm) C. floridanus (7-10µm) Dictyococcites stavensis Dictyococcites bisectus daviesii Discoaster spp Hayella situliformis Isthmolithus recurvus Lanternithus minutus umbilicus hillae sp scrippsae samodurovii Helicosphaera spp spp akropodus tribulosus Zygrhablithus bijugathus

4 Table S3. Factor scores obtained in the PCA performed without marker species for dataset B. The bold numbers are the most important loadings. DATASET B No Markers Species PC1 PC2 Bicolumnus ovatus Bramlettei serraculoides Chiasmolithus spp Clausicoccus obrutus Clausicoccus subdistichus pelagicus (<6µm) pelagicus (6-10µm) pelagicus (>10µm) eopelagicus Cyclicargolithus sp Cyclicargolithus floridanus Dictyococcites bisectus Discoaster spp Hayella situliformis Helicosphaera sp Isthmolithus recurvus Lanternithus minutus Micrantolithus sp daviesii spp. (dissolved) dictyoda hillae samodurovii scrippsae R. scrippsae-bisecta umbilicus spp Zygrhablithus bijugathus Octolithus Discorhabdulus Unknown Dissolved shields

5 Taxonomic remarks: Taxonomic description of the group circus cited in the text. Description: Medium to large round-elliptical placolith with a wide collar around a small central opening (<1/3 of the total length). All the segments are strongly birefringent. Similar to hillae (size range: >14 µm), but with subcircular outline and smaller in size. Size: In dataset A, circus group includes specimens of R. circus and R. circus var. lata (size range: 8-14 µm). In dataset B, these two populations have been counted separately as R. circus (size range: 8-9 µm) and R. hillae (elliptical to subcircular reticulofenestrids, size range:10-14 µm). Fig. S1. Most representative calcareous nannofossil species from the ODP Site 1263, light microscope images. Scale bar is = 5 µm. 1. Isthmolithus recurvus, 1263B-5H-2/ cm, mcd, cross nicols (XN). 2. formosus, 1263B-5H-2/65-66 cm, mcd, XN. 3. Chiasmolithus altus, 1263B-4H-2/ cm, 89.4 mcd, XN. 4. Chiasmolithus sp. (central area dissolved), 1263A-10H-5/ cm, mcd, XN. 5. Clausicoccus obrutus, 1263A-10H-4/ cm, mcd, XN. 6. Discoaster saipanensis, 1263B-5H-5/50-52 cm, mcd, parallel nicols (PN). 7. Discoaster barbadiensis, 1263B-5H-5/50-52 cm, mcd, PN. 8. akropodus, 1263A-9H-4/50-52 cm, mcd, XN tribulosus, 1263A-10H-3/ cm, mcd, XN (9) and PN (10). 11. Cyclicargolithus floridanus, 1263B-5H-1/ cm, 99.7 mcd, XN. 12. Cyclicargolithus sp. (signs of dissolution), 1263A-10H-7/25-26 cm, mcd, XN. 13. Cyclicargolithus sp. (central area dissolved), 1263B-5H-2/11-12 cm, mcd, XN. 14. Dictyococcites bisectus, 1263A-10H-5/11-12 cm, mcd, XN. 15. Dictyococcites stavensis, 1263A-10H-5/30-31 cm, mcd, XN. 16. daviesii, 1263A-10H-4/ cm, mcd, XN. 17. umbilicus, 1263B-5H-1/55-56 cm, mcd, XN. 18. samodurovii, 1263A-10H-5/20-21 cm, mcd, XN. 19. hillae, 1263A-10H-5/0-1 cm, mcd, XN. 20. circus var. lata, 1263A- 10H-5/0-1 cm, mcd, XN. 21. pelagicus, 126A-10H-4/90-91 cm, 95.5 mcd, XN. 22. pseudoradians, 1263A-10H-5/ cm, mcd, XN. 23. Lanternithus minutus, 1263B-5H-1/71-72 cm, 99.4 mcd, XN. 24. Zygrhablithus bijugatus, 1263B-5H-2/ cm, mcd, XN.

6 Fig. S µm µm 2µm 2µm 2µm

7 C13n C13n Eocene Oligocene Eocene Oligocene CNE21 CNO1 CNO2 CNE21 CNO1 CNO2 mcd mcd Blackites spp. 0 1% Helicosphaera spp % Braarudosphaera bigelowii 0 3% Isthmolithus recurvus 0 4 Bramletteius serraculoides 0 6% Lanternithus minutus 0 3% 0 12% Chiasmolithus spp % C. altus 0 10 daviesii 0 4% 0 3 Clausicoccus obrutus 0 16% Clausicoccus subdistichus 0 6% 0 6 hillae 0 4% Coccoclithus cachaoi 0 1.6% circus group 0 2% eopelagicus 0 2% samodurovii 0 2% formosus 0 12% µm µm scrippsae 0 5% 0 5 pelagicus 0 30% 0 20 umbilicus 0 5% µm 7-11 µm µm Cyclicargolithus spp % 0 30 akropodus 0 2% 3-5 µm 5-7 µm 7-9 µm moriformis Cyclicargolithus floridanus 0 25% 0 20 predistentus 3-5 µm 5-7 µm 7-9 µm pseudoradians Dictyococcites bisectus 0 16% 0 12 Dictyococcites stavensis 0 20% tribulosus Discoaster spp. 0 8% % 0 5% 0 4% 0 1% 0 2.5% 0 2% radians spp Hayella situliformis 0 2.5% Zygrhablithus bijugatus 0 16% 0 16 Step 2 E/O Other taxa 0 4% Step 2 E/O -1 Fig. S2. Distribution curves of absolute (N g ) and relative (%) abundances of all the species and groups detected in dataset A.

8 Eocene Oligocene Biozones CNE21 CNO1 CNO2 CNE20 C13n mcd Blackites spp. Braarudosphaera bigelowii Bramletteius serraculoides Chiasmolithus spp. Clausicoccus obrutus Clausicoccus subdistichus+ C. fenestratus eopelagicus pelagicus Cyclicargolithus spp. Cyclicargolithus floridanus Dictyococcites bisectus Discoaster spp. Dissolved shields 0 0.3% 0 0.6% 0 20% 0 1.6% 0 12% 0 1.6% 0 2.5% 0 25% 0 50% 0 5% 0 20% 0 25% 0 16% C. subdistichus <6 µm 6-10 µm >10 µm Ericsonia formosa Hayella situliformis Helicosphaera spp. Isthmolithus recurvus Lanternithus minutus Micrantolithus spp. 0 8% 0 3% 0 2.5% 0 4% 0 16% 0 4% Step 2 E/O Eocene Oligocene Biozones CNO2 CNE21 CNO1 CNE20 C13n mcd Pontosphaera spp. circus daviesii hillae samodurovii scrippsae umbilicus spp. <5µm spp. with dissolution signs akropodus compactus 0 0.6% 0 6% 0 4% 0 1.6% 0 4% 0 6% 0 10% 0 12% 0 2.5% 0 2% 0 4% intercalaris moriformis predistentus pseudoradians radians tribulosus spp. Zygrhablithus bijugatus Other taxa 0 6% 0 5% 0 4% 0 1.2% 0 1.6% 0 4% 0 5% 0 20% 0 6% Step 2 E/O Fig. S3. Distribution curves of relative (%) abundances of all the species detected in dataset B.

8. DATA REPORT: CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL DATA FROM THE EOCENE

Gersonde, R., Hodell, D.A., and Blum, P. (Eds.) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results Volume 177 8. DATA REPORT: CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL DATA FROM THE EOCENE TO OLIGOCENE, LEG 177,