Methods and tools used in experimental particle and nuclear physics. Lectures handouts:

Transcription

1 1 section: Spring 2012 January 11, 2012 Methods and tools used in experimental particle and nuclear physics. Instructor: Yuri Kamyshkov tel. office Office Nielsen 505 Class website: Lectures handouts: Home Works 1-11 :

2 Prereqs: (P626 is NOT a prerequisite for P627) Class attendance is a requirement! Please, ask questions, suggest discussion items. Home Work: few problems every week (total 11 HWs) Grades: 55 %-homework (11 x 5%) + Test 1 x 10% + Test 2 x 10% all tests are in class with any open books and calculator (no computer or internet access) + research project : 25% (should result in ~20 min presentation) If more than 4 classes not attended ==> oral exam A > 90%; B> 80%; C>70%; D>60% Please, be exact and show in class on time! Class time: M-W-F from 9:05 pm to 9:55 pm (50 min) or 2 times per week for 75 min? Class room: Nielsen 512

3 Syllabus HWs Links and Resources; 1-2 Kinematics Natural Units; 3-4 Interactions with Particle Kinematics; matter & GEANT tool Particle Interactions with matter; 5-6 MC and Statistics Monte Carlo methods; 7-10 Detectors Free software tools: PAW, ROOT, GEANT; 11 Electronics Probability and Statistics; Particle Detectors: Ionization, proportional, drift, TPC gas chambers, spark, streamer etc. gas chambers; bubble chambers; scintillation detectors, WLSF; photodetectors, PMT, Cherenkov detectors, TRD, particle ID; vertex reconstruction; momentum measurement in mag. field; semiconductor detectors, Si-, Ge-, Diamond-detectors, bolometers; calorimeters: EM calorimeters, muon detectors, hadron calorimeters, neutrino detectors; electronics, trigger, DAQ, data analysis; Collaborations: proposals, funding, scientific politics.

4 Books: Important Resource: PDG Particle Data Group C.Grupen "Particle Detectors", Cambridge University Press, ISBN T.FERBEL "Experimental Techniques in High-Energy Nuclear and Particle Physics", World Scientific, ISBN (pbk) -7(hbk) Glenn F. Knoll Radiation Detection and Measurement, 3 rd ed., ISBN ISBN-10: ISBN-13: Publication Date: August 16, 2010 Edition: 4 Dan Green, The Physics of Particle Detectors, ISBN Glen Cowan Statistical Data Analysis, ISBN (pbk) -0(hbk) Byron P. Roe Probability and Statistics in Experimental Physics, ISBN or ISBN Louis Lyons Statistics for Nuclear and Particle Physicists ISBN See also links to other resources at class webpage:

5 We will need standard computational particle physics tools (FREE): Compiler: C++ or Fortran (I also have a copy of video ROOT tutorial on 2 CD)

6 Standard simulation tools (FREE): GEANT (large MC simulation program of particle interactions) As the scale and complexity of High Energy Physics experiments increase, simulation studies require more and more care and become essential for design and optimization of the detectors, for development and test of the reconstruction and analysis programs, and for interpretation of the experimental data. GEANT3 (Fortran) and GEANT 4 (C++). is a system of detector description and simulation tools that helps in detector or method studies GEANT 3: GEANT 4: FLUKA: (Some optional part of GEANT) a general purpose tool for calculations of particle transport and interactions with matter, covering an extended range of applications spanning from proton and electron accelerator shielding to target design, calorimetry, activation, dosimetry, detector design, Accelerator Driven Systems, cosmic rays, neutrino physics, lab. prototypes, radiotherapy etc. All are parts of CERNLIB (FREE, including various mathematical tools) CERNLIB documentation: Some of CERNLIB programs are installed e.g. at the central UT UNIX /usr/cern2000/2000/bin/ and /usr/cern2000/2000/lib

7 Computing in P627 Linux (UNIX) platform: all PP tools should be directly available or installable Scientific LINUX MAC platform: see One can also use X-windows software included in MAC to access UT UNIX machine for use of compilers, GEANT3, PAW etc. (? ROOT, GEANT4) In LINUX OS X-window client is available as: > ssh On PC platform: most convenient environment is Virtual Machine (VM) Free VM player can be installed from : Under VM Player free Scientific Linux patch can be installed (I have one easily configurable for installation on PC requires 15 GB of disk space)

8 PC Windows OS Windows OS Disk Space Virtual Machine Player E.g. Windows XP E.g. Ubuntu LINUX Scientific LINUX OS Common disk space shared by Windows and Linux OS Sci. Linux reserved