Emittance Compensation. J.B. Rosenzweig ERL Workshop, Jefferson Lab 3/20/05
|
|
- Barnaby Watts
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Emittance Compensation J.B. Rosenzweig ERL Workshop, Jefferson Lab 3//5
2 Emittance minimization in the RF photoinjector Thermal emittance limit Small transverse beam size Avoid metal cathodes? " n,th # 1 h$ %W m c & x # 5 '1 %4 & x m ( ) RF emittance " n,rf # k RF $ RF ( k RF % z ) % x Small beam dimensions Small acceleration field? Maybe not Space charge emittance Original K.J.Kim treatment discouraging " n,sc # m e c 1I ($) ee I (1+ 3 A) 5 A = " x " z, I = ec r e " n,sc # 5 mm - mrad (I =1 A, E =1 MV/m)
3 Space-charge emittance control: Emittance compensation Space-charge emittance evolution not monotonic in time Multiparticle simulations at LLNL (Carlsten) show emittance oscillations, minimization possible: Emittance compensation Analytical approach Scaling laws Prescriptions for design LCLS (Ferrario WP) Superconducting version?! z (mm), " # (mm-mrad) High gradient RF photocathode gun Focusing solenoid rms beam size (uniform beam) rms emittance (uniform beam) z (cm) PWT linacs Multiparticle simulations (UCLA PARMELA) Showing emittance oscillations and minimization
4 Transverse dynamics model After initial acceleration, space-charge field is mainly transverse (beam is long in rest frame). Force dependent ~ exclusively on local value of current density I /σ (electric field simply from Gauss law) Linear component of self-force most important. We initially assume that the beam is nearly uniform in r. The linear slice model Extend linear model to include nonlinearities within slices? Scaling of design physics with respect to charge, λ rf
5 The rms envelope equation The rms envelope equation for a cylindrically symmetric, nonaccelerating, space-charge dominated beam r e & $ #" x ( $,z) + k % # r ( $,z) = ' 3 # x $,z ( ) ( ) + ( n,x '# 3 x ( $,z) Separate DE for each slice (tagged by ζ), " = z # v b t Each slice has different current I (" ) = #(" )v External focusing measured by betatron wave-number k " = eb z /p Envelope coordinates are in Larmor frame Rigid rotator equilibrium (Brillouin flow) depends on I(ζ). Pressure forces negligible " eq # ( ) = 1 r e %(#) k $ & 3 r e "(#) = I (# ) /I
6 ! Equilibrium distributions and space charge dominated beams Maxwell-Vlasov equilibria have simple asymptotic forms, dependent on parameter f(x) 1.5 1! x =(" n /#k $ ) 1/ R " I /# k $ % n I Emittance dominated gaussian R << 1 Space-charge dominated uniform R >>1 Uniform beam approximation very useful 1. f(x) x/! ! x =(I/" 3 I k # ) 1/ f(x) 1 R " ! x/! x/! " ~(# /$k ) 1/ D n % Nominally uniform has Debye sheath High brightness photoinjector beams have R >1, " # 5!
7 The trace space model Each ζ-slice component of the beam is a line in trace space. x x x x No thermal effects No nonlinearities (lines are straight!) Slice phase spaces Projected phase space x x The model f(x,x') x' "5 times" rms ellipse Trace space distribution x' rms ellipse x'! x! x " x x 9% ellipse x exp (#1/ ) contour Contrast with thermal trace space and nonlinear slice trace space
8 Envelope oscillations about equilibria Beam envelope is non-equilibrium problem Linearizing the rms envelope equation about equilibrium gives " $ # x (%,z) + k & $ x (%,z) = Dependent on betatron wave-number, not local beam size or current Small amplitude envelope oscillations proceed at 1/ times the betatron frequency or assuming uniform beam distribution k env = k " = 4#r en b,eq $ 3 = k p This is the matched relativistic plasma frequency
9 Phase space picture: coherent oscillations SC beam envelope oscillations proceed about different equilibria, with different amplitude but at the same frequency Behavior leads to emittance oscillations but not damping (yet) 1st compensation, after gun, before linac!/! eq, "/(K r ) 1/! eq " #! r ' x " " " 1 3! eq1! eq! eq3 " 1 < " <" 3 "! rx Assume that beam is launched at minimum (e.g. at cathode) 1! " (K r ) 1/ z/ # Small amplitude oscillation model
10 Phase space picture: coherent oscillations Emittance (area in phase space) is maximized at k p z = " /,3" / Emittance is locally minimized at k p z =,"," - the beam extrema! Fairly good agreement of simple model with much more complex beamline What about acceleration? In the rf gun, in booster linacs! z (mm), " # (mm-mrad) x! r " ' High gradient RF photocathode gun k z= "/ p k pz=3 " / k p z=, " Focusing solenoid # 1 # # 3 # 1 < # < # 3 rms beam size (uniform beam) rms emittance (uniform beam) z (cm) PWT linacs Damping of e...! r x
11 Emittance damping: Beam envelope dynamics under acceleration Envelope equation (w/o emittance), with acceleration, RF focusing ( ) + #" x $,z & %" ) ( + #" '%( z) x $,z * ( ) +, 8 & %" ) ( + '%( z) * Particular solution - the invariant envelope (generalized Brillouin flow), slowly damping fixed point -analogue " inv (#,z) = 1 r e &(# ) % $ ( + ')%( z) (% )1/ Angle in phase space is independent of current # x ( $,z) = r e -( $ ) ( ) 3 # x ( $,z) Corresponds exactly to entrance/exit kick (matching is naturally at waists) " x # RF = $ 1 # % % x Matching beam to invariant envelope yields stable linear emittance compensation! % z " # 1 (rf or solenoid focusing) #" = ee /m c (accel. "wavenumber") " = $ # inv = % 1 &# $ inv &
12 Envelope oscillations near invariant envelope, with acceleration Linearized envelope equation & %#) " $ # x + ( + " $ # x + 1+, & %#) ( + "$ x = ' % * 4 ' % * Homogenous solution (independent of current) ' "# x = [# x $# inv ]cos) ( Normalized, projected phase space area oscillates, secularly damps as offset phase space (conserved!) moves in " $ # x 1+ % ' ln & ( z )** ),, ( & + + " n ~ " offset # inv ~ $ %1/ damping oscillation " x Oscillation (generalized matched plasma) frequency damps with energy k p = d $ & dz % 1+ " ( ) ln #( z) ' ) = 1+ " #* ( # offset phase space " $ # x = % 1 $ x
13 Validation of linear emittance compensation theory Theory successfully describes linear emittance oscillations Slice code (HOMDYN) developed that reproduce multiparticle simulations. Much faster! Ferrario will lecture on this.. LCLS photoinjector working point found with HOMDYN! Dash: HOMDYN Solid: PARMELA
14 Scaling in photoinjector design The envelope equation approach gives rise to powerful scaling laws RF acceleration also amenable to scaling Scale designs with respect to: Charge (k p ) RF wavelength (k RF ) Change from low charge (FEL) to high charge (LC, wakefield driver) design Change RF frequency from one laboratory to another (e.g. SLAC X-band, SC L-band)
15 Charge scaling Keep all accelerator/focusing parameters identical Density and aspect ratio of the bunch must be preserved Contributions to emittance scale with powers of beam size Space-charge emittance RF/chromatic aberration emittance Thermal emittance! i " Q 1/ 3 " x,sc # k p $ x #Q / 3 " x,th #$ x #Q 1/ 3 " x,rf #$ z $ x #Q 4 / 3 Beam is SC dominated, and emittancs do not affect the beam envelope evolution; compensation is preserved.
16 Wavelength scaling First, make acceleration dynamics scale: " and E " # $1 RF # E $ = constant Focusing (betatron) wavenumbers must also scale (RF is naturally scaled, " #,rf $ E ). Solenoid field scales as B! " #1. Correct scaling of beam size, and plasma frequency:! i " # Q " # All emittances scale rigorously as! n " #
17 Brightness, choice of charge and wavelength Charge and pulse length scale together as λ Brightness scales strongly with λ, This implies low charge for high brightness What if you want to stay at a certain charge (e.g. FEL energy/pulse) Mixed scaling: $ Q( nc) ( ) = # rf (m) a 1 & " n mm - mrad ' ) % # rf (m)( B e = I /" n # $ % For Ferrario scenario, constants from simulation: / 3 a 1 =1.5 a =.81 a 3 =.5 thermal charge RF/chromatic ( ) $ Q nc ' + a & ) % # rf (m)( 4 / 3 ( ) $ Q nc ' + a 3 & ) % # rf (m)( 8 / 3
18 Example: SC gun sigma_x_[mm] ε n [mm-mrad] Scale Ferrario scenario to L-band, SC 6 MV/m peak (3 average) gun field! HOMDYN HBUNCH.OUT Simulation Q =1 nc R =1.69 mm L =19.8 ps ε th =.45 mm-mrad E peak = 6 MV/m (Gun) E acc = 13 MV/m (Cryo1) B = 3 kg (Solenoid) sigma_x_[mm] enx_[um] I = 5 A E = 1 MeV ε n =.6 mm-mrad 1 6 MeV m z [m] z_[m]
19 Nonlinear Emittance Growth Nonuniform beams lead to nonlinear fields and emitance growth Propagation of non-uniform distributions in equilibrium leads to irreversible emittance growth (wave-breaking in phase space). r' "Wave-breaking" occurs in phase space when slope of (r,r') distribution is infinite. This example is past wave-breaking, and irreversible emittance growth has occurred. r Fixed point off-axis Fixed point is where space-charge force cancels applied (solenoid) force. It is in the middle of the Debye sheath region.
20 Heuristic slab-model of non-equilibrium laminar flow Laminar flow=no trajectory crossing, no wavebreaking in phase space Consider first free expansion of slab (infinite in y, z) beam (very non-equilibrium) ( ) = n f x n b x ( ), f ( ) = 1 Under laminar flow, charge inside of a given electron is conserved; one may mark trajectories from initial offset x. Equation of motion x " = k p F( x ), F x x # x d ( ) = f ( ) Note, with normalization F ( x ) " x x = const.
21 Free-expansion of slab beam Solution for electron positions: ( x( x ) = x + k z p ) F( x ) Distribution becomes more linear in density with expansion! Example case! f ( x( x )) = ( ) f x ( ) 1+ k pz f x Wavebreaking will occur when! final x is independent of initial x, In free-expanding slab, there is no wave-breaking for any profile dx ( )! = 1+ k pz dx f ( x ) " ( k p z) ( a ) ( ) = 1" x f ( x ) >1 > x'/k dx = dx f(x) f(x_) f(x) x/a 3 1 Initially parabolic profile becomes more uniform at k p z = 4 kz=4 kz=1! x Phase space profile becomes more linear for k p z >>1!!
22 Slab-beam in a focusing channel Add uniform focusing to equation of motion, Solution with x eq x x x ( ) = k p x " + k # x = k p F( x ). [ ] cos( k # z) ( ) = x eq ( x ) + x " x eq ( x ) ( ) k " F x Wavebreaking occurs in this case for f x For physically meaningful distributions, smoothly, and wavebreaking occurs when ( ) = " k # For matched beam, k p = k " half of the beam wave-breaks. Stay away from equilibrium! When k p >> k! there is little wavebreaking, and irreversible emittance growth avoided. k p f ( x ) " k " z > # / ( ) cos k # z $ sin k # z' & ) % (
23 Extension to cylindrical symmetry: 1D simulations Sigma r [mm] Emittance n,rms [mm mrad]! r [mm], " n,rms [mm mrad] Evolution of a Parabolic Beam in an RMS Matching Solenoid Z [mm] Evolution of a Parabolic Beam through one Lens 1 Matched parabolic beam shows irreversible emittance growth after single betatron period Grossly mismatched single thin lens show excellent nonlinear compensation Explains robustness of first compensation z [mm] RMS beam size in red, emittance in blue
24 Emittance growth and entropy 7 Irreversible emittance growth is accompanied by entropy increase Far-from-equilibrium thinlens case shows ~uniform beam at maximum Near perfect reconstruction of initial profile Small wave-breaking region in beam edge Density [Macroparticles/mm ] (a) Density [Macroparticles/mm ] (b) Density [Macroparticles/mm ] r [mm] r [mm] Beam profile at launch Beam profile at maximum Beam profile, return to min. (c) r [mm]
25 Multiparticle simulation picture: LCLS case (Ferrario scenario) x (cm). x (cm) x' (rad) !z (cm) Spatial (x-z) distribution x (cm) Trace-space distribution y (cm) Spatial (x-y) distribution Case I: initially uniform beam (in r and t) Spatial uniformity reproduced after compensation High quality phase space Most emittance is in beam longitudinal tails (end effect)
26 Multiparticle simulation picture: Nonuniform beam rms beam size (nonuniform beam) rms emittance (nonuniform beam)..1! x (mm), " n (mm-mrad) High gradient RF photocathode gun Focusing solenoid PWT linacs z (cm) Larger emittance obtained x (cm) z (cm) Spatial (x-z) distribution x' (rad) x (cm) Case II: Gaussian beam Most emittance growth due to nonlinearity Large halo formation Trace-space distribution
27 Have we chosen the right beam shape? The first beer can Beer-can beam suffers from Edge erosion, non-uniform distr. Nonlinear fields at edges Practical difficulties with laser Luiten (Serafini) proposal: Use any ultra-short pulse Longitudinal expansion of radial parabolic profile I( r) = I ( 1" ( r / a) ) Uniform ellipsoidal beam created! Linear space-charge fields (3D)
28 New direction: marry Luiten proposal to emittance compensation! x (mm) z (cm) Beam envelope evolution Initial (not-too-optimized) PARMELA study Standard LCLS injector conditions Q=.33 nc, initial long. Gaussian σ t =33 fs (cutoff at 3 σ) trans. Gaussian with σ x =.77 mm (cutoff at σ). Final bunch length 1.43 mm (full), 14 A ! n (mm-mrad) z (cm) Emittance evolution Beam distribution showing ellipsoidal boundary (1.5 MeV)
29 Challenges and advantages Laser very forgiving Shorter pulses possible? Cathode image charges drive incorrect final state, not but Excessive energy spread during compensation Charge fluctuations Experiment at LLNL, ORION or SPARC
Lecture 4: Emittance Compensation. J.B. Rosenzweig USPAS, UW-Madision 6/30/04
Lecture 4: Emittance Compensation J.B. Rosenzweig USPAS, UW-Madision 6/30/04 Emittance minimization in the RF photoinjector Thermal emittance limit Small transverse beam size Avoid metal cathodes? n,th
More informationSimulations for photoinjectors C.Limborg
Simulations for photoinjectors C.Limborg 1- GTF Simulations Parmela modeling improvements Comparison to experimental results: 2ps & 4ps Sensitivity study Plans for future simulations 2- LCLS Injector Simulations
More informationAnalysis of Slice Transverse Emittance Evolution in a Photocathode RF Gun. Abstract
SLAC PUB 868 October 7 Analysis of Slice Transverse Emittance Evolution in a Photocathode RF Gun Z. Huang, Y. Ding Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA 9439 J. Qiang Lawrence Berkeley National
More informationIntroduction. Thermoionic gun vs RF photo gun Magnetic compression vs Velocity bunching. Probe beam design options
Introduction Following the 19/05/04 meeting at CERN about the "CTF3 accelerated programme", a possible french contribution has been envisaged to the 200 MeV Probe Beam Linac Two machine options were suggested,
More informationPhotoinjector design for the LCLS
SLAC-PUB-8962 LCLS-TN-01-05 Revised November 2001 Photoinjector design for the LCLS P.R. Bolton a, J.E. Clendenin a, D.H. Dowell a, M. Ferrario b, A.S. Fisher a, S.M. Gierman a, R.E. Kirby a, P. Krejcik
More informationTransverse emittance measurements on an S-band photocathode rf electron gun * Abstract
SLAC PUB 8963 LCLS-01-06 October 2001 Transverse emittance measurements on an S-band photocathode rf electron gun * J.F. Schmerge, P.R. Bolton, J.E. Clendenin, F.-J. Decker, D.H. Dowell, S.M. Gierman,
More informationBEAM INSTABILITIES IN LINEAR MACHINES 1.
BEAM INSTABILITIES IN LINEAR MACHINES 1 Massimo.Ferrario@LNF.INFN.IT CERN 4 November 2015 SELF FIELDS AND WAKE FIELDS The realm of collecdve effects Direct self fields Image self fields Space Charge Wake
More informationLecture 5: Photoinjector Technology. J. Rosenzweig UCLA Dept. of Physics & Astronomy USPAS, 7/1/04
Lecture 5: Photoinjector Technology J. Rosenzweig UCLA Dept. of Physics & Astronomy USPAS, 7/1/04 Technologies Magnetostatic devices Computational modeling Map generation RF cavities 2 cell devices Multicell
More informationExperimental Measurements of the ORION Photoinjector Drive Laser Oscillator Subsystem
Experimental Measurements of the ORION Photoinjector Drive Laser Oscillator Subsystem D.T Palmer and R. Akre Laser Issues for Electron RF Photoinjectors October 23-25, 2002 Stanford Linear Accelerator
More informationHOMDYN STUDY FOR THE LCLS RF PHOTO-INJECTOR
HOMDYN STUDY FOR THE LCLS RF PHOTO-INJECTOR M. FERRARIO Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati 44 Frascati (Roma), Italy J. E. CLENDENIN AND D. T. PALMER Stanford Linear
More informationSpace Charge Mi-ga-on
Space Charge Mi-ga-on Massimo.Ferrario@LNF.INFN.IT Hamburg June nd 016 OUTLINE The rms emicance concept rms envelope equa-on Space charge forces Space charge induced emicance oscilla-ons Matching condi-ons
More informationX-band Photoinjector Beam Dynamics
X-band Photoinjector Beam Dynamics Feng Zhou SLAC Other contributors: C. Adolphsen, Y. Ding, Z. Li, T. Raubenheimer, and A. Vlieks, Thank Ji Qiang (LBL) for help of using ImpactT code ICFA FLS2010, SLAC,
More informationOptimum beam creation in photoinjectors using spacecharge expansion II: experiment
Optimum beam creation in photoinjectors using spacecharge expansion II: experiment J. Rosenzweig, A. Cook, M. Dunning, R.J. England, G. Travish, UCLA P. Musumeci, C. Vicario, D. Filippetto, M. Ferrario,
More informationRECENT ADVANCES AND NOVEL IDEAS FOR HIGH BRIGHTNESS ELECTRON BEAM PRODUCTION BASED ON PHOTO-INJECTORS. Abstract
SPARC-BD-03/003 LNF 03/06 (P) 5 Maggio 003 RECENT ADVANCES AND NOVEL IDEAS FOR HIGH BRIGHTNESS ELECTRON BEAM PRODUCTION BASED ON PHOTO-INJECTORS M. Ferrario 1, M. Boscolo 1, V. Fusco 1, C. Vaccarezza 1,
More informationLinac Driven Free Electron Lasers (III)
Linac Driven Free Electron Lasers (III) Massimo.Ferrario@lnf.infn.it SASE FEL Electron Beam Requirements: High Brightness B n ( ) 1+ K 2 2 " MIN r #$ % &B! B n 2 n K 2 minimum radiation wavelength energy
More informationLCLS Injector Prototyping at the GTF
LCLS Injector Prototyping at at the GTF John John Schmerge, SLAC SLAC November 3, 3, 23 23 GTF GTF Description Summary of of Previous Measurements Longitudinal Emittance Transverse Emittance Active LCLS
More informationBeam halo formation in high-intensity beams
Beam halo formation in high-intensity beams Alexei V. Fedotov,1,2 Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA Abstract Studies of beam halo became an unavoidable feature of high-intensity machines
More informationDark Current at Injector. Jang-Hui Han 27 November 2006 XFEL Beam Dynamics Meeting
Dark Current at Injector Jang-Hui Han 27 November 2006 XFEL Beam Dynamics Meeting Considerations for the guns Ultra-low slice emittance of electron beams higher gradient at the gun cavity solenoid field
More informationSwissFEL INJECTOR DESIGN: AN AUTOMATIC PROCEDURE
Proceedings of FEL03, New York, NY, USA SwissFEL INJECTOR DESIGN: AN AUTOMATIC PROCEDURE S. Bettoni, M. Pedrozzi, S. Reiche, PSI, Villigen, Switzerland Abstract The first section of FEL injectors driven
More informationASTRA simulations of the slice longitudinal momentum spread along the beamline for PITZ
ASTRA simulations of the slice longitudinal momentum spread along the beamline for PITZ Orlova Ksenia Lomonosov Moscow State University GSP-, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 11999, Russian Federation Email: ks13orl@list.ru
More informationNew Electron Source for Energy Recovery Linacs
New Electron Source for Energy Recovery Linacs Ivan Bazarov 20m Cornell s photoinjector: world s brightest electron source 1 Outline Uses of high brightness electron beams Physics of brightness High brightness
More informationICFA ERL Workshop Jefferson Laboratory March 19-23, 2005 Working Group 1 summary Ilan Ben-Zvi & Ivan Bazarov
ICFA ERL Workshop Jefferson Laboratory March 19-23, 2005 Working Group 1 summary Ilan Ben-Zvi & Ivan Bazarov Sincere thanks to all WG1 participants: Largest group, very active participation. This summary
More informationSpace Charge in Linear Machines
Space Charge in Linear Machines Massimo.Ferrario@LNF.INFN.IT Egham September 6 th 017 Relativistic equation of motion dp dt = F p = γm o v γm o dv dt + m ov dγ dt = F β = v c dγ dt = d dt " a v % m o γ
More informationOverview of FEL injectors
Overview of FEL injectors Massimo Ferrario INFN - LNF VISA-DUV-HGHG 4GLS FLASH-XFEL LEUTL BESSY PAL LCLS Arc en Ciel FERMI SCSS LEG SPARX SDUV 1 SASE FEL Electron Beam Requirement: High Brightness B n
More informationGeneration of Ultra-Short, High Brightness Electron Beams for Single Spike SASE FEL Operation
SPARC-BD-07/004 10 October 2007 Generation of Ultra-Short, High Brightness Electron Beams for Single Spike SASE FEL Operation J. B. Rosenzweig, G. Andonian, M. Dunning, A. Fukusawa, E. Hemsing, P. Musumeci,
More informationAccelerator Physics Issues of ERL Prototype
Accelerator Physics Issues of ERL Prototype Ivan Bazarov, Geoffrey Krafft Cornell University TJNAF ERL site visit (Mar 7-8, ) Part I (Bazarov). Optics. Space Charge Emittance Compensation in the Injector
More informationNovel, Hybrid RF Injector as a High-average. Dinh Nguyen. Lloyd Young
Novel, Hybrid RF Injector as a High-average average-current Electron Source Dinh Nguyen Los Alamos National Laboratory Lloyd Young TechSource Energy Recovery Linac Workshop Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator
More informationLow Emittance Electron Injectors
Low Emittance Electron Injectors Chuanxiang Tang Accelerator Lab., Dept. of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 Tang.xuh@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn OCPA Accelerator School, Yangzhou, August
More informationInjector Experimental Progress
Injector Experimental Progress LCLS TAC Meeting December 10-11 2001 John Schmerge for the GTF Team GTF Group John Schmerge Paul Bolton Steve Gierman Cecile Limborg Brendan Murphy Dave Dowell Leader Laser
More informationSRF GUN CHARACTERIZATION - PHASE SPACE AND DARK CURRENT MEASUREMENTS AT ELBE*
SRF GUN CHARACTERIZATION - PHASE SPACE AND DARK CURRENT MEASUREMENTS AT ELBE* E. Panofski #, A. Jankowiak, T. Kamps, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany P.N. Lu, J. Teichert, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf,
More informationNON LINEAR PULSE EVOLUTION IN SEEDED AND CASCADED FELS
NON LINEAR PULSE EVOLUTION IN SEEDED AND CASCADED FELS L. Giannessi, S. Spampinati, ENEA C.R., Frascati, Italy P. Musumeci, INFN & Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy Abstract
More informationLCLS Injector Straight Ahead Spectrometer C.Limborg-Deprey Stanford Linear Accelerator Center 8 th June 2005
LCLS Injector Straight Ahead Spectrometer C.Limborg-Deprey Stanford Linear Accelerator Center 8 th June 2005 Summary The spectrometer design was modified to allow the measurement of uncorrelated energy
More informationBeam Shaping and Permanent Magnet Quadrupole Focusing with Applications to the Plasma Wakefield Accelerator
Beam Shaping and Permanent Magnet Quadrupole Focusing with Applications to the Plasma Wakefield Accelerator R. Joel England J. B. Rosenzweig, G. Travish, A. Doyuran, O. Williams, B. O Shea UCLA Department
More informationPotential use of erhic s ERL for FELs and light sources ERL: Main-stream GeV e - Up-gradable to 20 + GeV e -
Potential use of erhic s ERL for FELs and light sources Place for doubling energy linac ERL: Main-stream - 5-10 GeV e - Up-gradable to 20 + GeV e - RHIC Electron cooling Vladimir N. Litvinenko and Ilan
More informationEmittance and Quantum Efficiency Measurements from a 1.6 cell S- Band Photocathode RF Gun with Mg Cathode *
LCLS-TN-4-3 SLAC PUB 763 September, 4 Emittance and Quantum Efficiency Measurements from a.6 cell S- Band Photocathode RF Gun with Mg Cathode * J.F. Schmerge, J.M. Castro, J.E. Clendenin, D.H. Dowell,
More informationThe New Superconducting RF Photoinjector a High-Average Current & High-Brightness Gun
The New Superconducting RF Photoinjector a High-Average Current & High-Brightness Gun Jochen Teichert for the BESSY-DESY-FZD-MBI collaboration and the ELBE crew High-Power Workshop, UCLA, Los Angeles 14
More informationDiagnostic Systems for Characterizing Electron Sources at the Photo Injector Test Facility at DESY, Zeuthen site
1 Diagnostic Systems for Characterizing Electron Sources at the Photo Injector Test Facility at DESY, Zeuthen site Sakhorn Rimjaem (on behalf of the PITZ team) Motivation Photo Injector Test Facility at
More informationSPARCLAB. Source For Plasma Accelerators and Radiation Compton. On behalf of SPARCLAB collaboration
SPARCLAB Source For Plasma Accelerators and Radiation Compton with Laser And Beam On behalf of SPARCLAB collaboration EMITTANCE X X X X X X X X 2 BRIGHTNESS (electrons) B n 2I nx ny A m 2 rad 2 The current
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION DOI: 10.1038/NPHYS2443 Beating the shot-noise limit Supplementary Materials Append. S1. Coulomb expansion rate of bunches with excess density of charged particles Here we show
More informationEXPERIMENTAL STUDIES WITH SPATIAL GAUSSIAN-CUT LASER FOR THE LCLS PHOTOCATHODE GUN*
SLAC-PUB-14571 EXPERIMETAL STUDIES WITH SPATIAL GAUSSIA-CUT LASER FOR THE LCLS PHOTOCATHODE GU* F. Zhou +, A. Brachmann, P. Emma, S. Gilevich, and Z. Huang SLAC ational Accelerator Laboratory, 575 Sand
More informationLCLS Accelerator Parameters and Tolerances for Low Charge Operations
LCLS-TN-99-3 May 3, 1999 LCLS Accelerator Parameters and Tolerances for Low Charge Operations P. Emma SLAC 1 Introduction An option to control the X-ray FEL output power of the LCLS [1] by reducing the
More informationLongitudinal Measurements at the SLAC Gun Test Facility*
SLAC-PUB-9541 September Longitudinal Measurements at the SLAC Gun Test Facility* D. H. Dowell, P. R. Bolton, J.E. Clendenin, P. Emma, S.M. Gierman, C.G. Limborg, B.F. Murphy, J.F. Schmerge Stanford Linear
More informationOPTIMIZING RF LINACS AS DRIVERS FOR INVERSE COMPTON SOURCES: THE ELI-NP CASE
OPTIMIZING RF LINACS AS DRIVERS FOR INVERSE COMPTON SOURCES: THE ELI-NP CASE C. Vaccarezza, D. Alesini, M. Bellaveglia, R. Boni, E. Chiadroni, G. Di Pirro, M. Ferrario, A. Gallo, G. Gatti, A. Ghigo, B.
More informationFURTHER UNDERSTANDING THE LCLS INJECTOR EMITTANCE*
Proceedings of FEL014, Basel, Switzerland FURTHER UNDERSTANDING THE LCLS INJECTOR EMITTANCE* F. Zhou, K. Bane, Y. Ding, Z. Huang, and H. Loos, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA 9405, USA Abstract Coherent optical transition
More informationAccelerator physics: basic principles on beam focusing and transport
SPARC-BD-1/01 January 01 Accelerator physics: basic principles on beam focusing and transport Massimo Ferrario INFN-LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy Abstract In this lecture we introduce from basic principles
More informationRecent developments in the Dutch Laser Wakefield Accelerators program at the University of Twente: New external bunch injection scheme.
Recent developments in the Dutch Laser Wakefield Accelerators program at the University of Twente: New external bunch injection scheme. A.G. Khachatryan, F.A. van Goor, J.W.J. Verschuur and K.-J. Boller
More informationUSPAS Accelerator Physics 2017 University of California, Davis. Chapter 11: Space Charge Effects Space Charge, Beam-Beam
USPAS Accelerator Physics 017 University of California, Davis Chapter 11: Space Charge Effects Space Charge, Beam-Beam Todd Satogata (Jefferson Lab) / satogata@jlab.org Randika Gamage (ODU) / bgama00@odu.edu
More information$)ODW%HDP(OHFWURQ6RXUFHIRU/LQHDU&ROOLGHUV
$)ODW%HDP(OHFWURQ6RXUFHIRU/LQHDU&ROOLGHUV R. Brinkmann, Ya. Derbenev and K. Flöttmann, DESY April 1999 $EVWUDFW We discuss the possibility of generating a low-emittance flat (ε y
More informationInvestigation of the Effect of Space Charge in the compact-energy Recovery Linac
Investigation of the Effect of Space Charge in the compact-energy Recovery Linac Ji-Gwang Hwang and Eun-San Kim, Kyungpook National University. 1370 Sankyok-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu, 702-701, Korea Tsukasa
More informationTolerances for magnetic fields in the Gun-To-Linac region of the LCLS Injector *
Tolerances for magnetic fields in the Gun-To-Linac region of the LCLS Injector * C.Limborg-Deprey January 10, 2006 Abstract In this technical note, we review the computations which led to the tolerances
More informationTowards a Low Emittance X-ray FEL at PSI
Towards a Low Emittance X-ray FEL at PSI A. Adelmann, A. Anghel, R.J. Bakker, M. Dehler, R. Ganter, C. Gough, S. Ivkovic, F. Jenni, C. Kraus, S.C. Leemann, A. Oppelt, F. Le Pimpec, K. Li, P. Ming, B. Oswald,
More information6 Bunch Compressor and Transfer to Main Linac
II-159 6 Bunch Compressor and Transfer to Main Linac 6.1 Introduction The equilibrium bunch length in the damping ring (DR) is 6 mm, too long by an order of magnitude for optimum collider performance (σ
More informationMotivation of emission studies at PITZ
Motivation of emission studies at PITZ PITZ activities to understand the discrepancies between measurements and simulations in: Transverse phase space Optimum machine parameters Auxiliary measurements
More informationFemto second X ray Pulse Generation by Electron Beam Slicing. F. Willeke, L.H. Yu, NSLSII, BNL, Upton, NY 11973, USA
Femto second X ray Pulse Generation by Electron Beam Slicing F. Willeke, L.H. Yu, NSLSII, BNL, Upton, NY 11973, USA r 2 r 1 y d x z v Basic Idea: When short electron bunch from linac (5MeV, 50pC,100fs)
More informationDesign of an RF Photo-Gun (PHIN)
Design of an RF Photo-Gun (PHIN) R. Roux 1, G. Bienvenu 1, C. Prevost 1, B. Mercier 1 1) CNRS-IN2P3-LAL, Orsay, France Abstract In this note we show the results of the RF simulations performed with a 2-D
More informationIntroduction to electron and photon beam physics. Zhirong Huang SLAC and Stanford University
Introduction to electron and photon beam physics Zhirong Huang SLAC and Stanford University August 03, 2015 Lecture Plan Electron beams (1.5 hrs) Photon or radiation beams (1 hr) References: 1. J. D. Jackson,
More informationUsing IMPACT T to perform an optimization of a DC gun system Including merger
Using IMPACT T to perform an optimization of a DC gun system Including merger Xiaowei Dong and Michael Borland Argonne National Laboratory Presented at ERL09 workshop June 10th, 2009 Introduction An energy
More informationTutorial on (Generating) High Brightness Beams
Tutorial on (Generating) High Brightness Beams David H. Dowell SLAC & LBNL PAC Tutorial April, Outline of Tutorial Intrinsic emittance and Q Space charge limited emission Simple optical model & R emittance
More informationElectron Linear Accelerators & Free-Electron Lasers
Electron Linear Accelerators & Free-Electron Lasers Bryant Garcia Wednesday, July 13 2016. SASS Summer Seminar Bryant Garcia Linacs & FELs 1 of 24 Light Sources Why? Synchrotron Radiation discovered in
More informationMultivariate Optimization of High Brightness High Current DC Photoinjector. Ivan Bazarov
Multivariate Optimization of High Brightness High Current DC Photoinjector Ivan Bazarov Talk Outline: Motivation Evolutionary Algorithms Optimization Results 1 ERL Injector 750 kv DC Gun Goal: provide
More informationTransverse dynamics Selected topics. Erik Adli, University of Oslo, August 2016, v2.21
Transverse dynamics Selected topics Erik Adli, University of Oslo, August 2016, Erik.Adli@fys.uio.no, v2.21 Dispersion So far, we have studied particles with reference momentum p = p 0. A dipole field
More information6 Injector TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS
6 Injector TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS The injector for the LCLS is required to produce a single 15-MeV bunch of charge 1. nc and 1 A peak current at a repetition rate of 12 Hz with a normalized rms transverse
More informationA 6 GeV Compact X-ray FEL (CXFEL) Driven by an X-Band Linac
A 6 GeV Compact X-ray FEL (CXFEL) Driven by an X-Band Linac Zhirong Huang, Faya Wang, Karl Bane and Chris Adolphsen SLAC Compact X-Ray (1.5 Å) FEL Parameter symbol LCLS CXFEL unit Bunch Charge Q 250 250
More informationStart-to-End Simulations
AKBP 9.3 Case Study for 100 µm SASE FEL Based on PITZ Accelerator for Pump-Probe Experiment at the European XFEL Start-to-End Simulations Outline Introduction Beam Optimization Beam Transport Simulation
More informationRF Gun Photo-Emission Model for Metal Cathodes Including Time Dependent Emission
RF Gun Photo-Emission Model for Metal Cathodes Including Time Dependent Emission SLAC-PUB-117 February 6 (A) J. F. SCHMERGE, J. E. CLENDENIN, D. H. DOWELL, AND S. M. GIERMAN SLAC, Stanford University,
More informationMultiparameter optimization of an ERL. injector
Multiparameter optimization of an ERL injector R. Hajima a, R. Nagai a a Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki 319 1195 Japan Abstract We present multiparameter optimization of an
More informationExternal Injection in Plasma Accelerators. R. Pompili, S. Li, F. Massimo, L. Volta, J. Yang
External Injection in Plasma Accelerators R. Pompili, S. Li, F. Massimo, L. Volta, J. Yang Why Plasma Accelerators? Conventional RF cavities: 50-100 MV/m due to electrical breakdown Plasma: E>100 GV/m
More informationExperimental Optimization of Electron Beams for Generating THz CTR and CDR with PITZ
Experimental Optimization of Electron Beams for Generating THz CTR and CDR with PITZ Introduction Outline Optimization of Electron Beams Calculations of CTR/CDR Pulse Energy Summary & Outlook Prach Boonpornprasert
More information4 FEL Physics. Technical Synopsis
4 FEL Physics Technical Synopsis This chapter presents an introduction to the Free Electron Laser (FEL) physics and the general requirements on the electron beam parameters in order to support FEL lasing
More informationChad Mitchell Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory LCLS-II Accelerator Physics Meeting Aug. 19, 2015
Layout Op*ons and Op*miza*on for LCLS- II Injector Design Chad Mitchell Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory LCLS-II Accelerator Physics Meeting Aug. 19, 2015 Mo*va*on The distance between the second
More informationWakefield computations for the LCLS Injector (Part I) *
LCLS-TN-05-17 Wakefield computations for the LCLS Injector (Part I) * June 13 th 005 (reedited May 007) C.Limborg-Deprey, K.Bane Abstract In this document, we report on basic wakefield computations used
More informationCornell Injector Performance
Cornell Injector Performance Adam Bartnik 1 Cornell Injector Performance as an ERL injector 2 Cornell Injector Performance as an ERL injector as an FEL injector (e.g. LCLS-II) as an injector for EIC applications
More informationNext Generation High Brightness Electron Beams From Ultra-High Field Cryogenic Radiofrequency Photocathode Sources
Next Generation High Brightness Electron Beams From Ultra-High Field Cryogenic Radiofrequency Photocathode Sources J.B. Rosenzweig 1, A. Cahill 1, V. Dolgashev 2, C. Emma 1, A. Fukusawa 1, R. Li 2, C.
More informationFirst propositions of a lattice for the future upgrade of SOLEIL. A. Nadji On behalf of the Accelerators and Engineering Division
First propositions of a lattice for the future upgrade of SOLEIL A. Nadji On behalf of the Accelerators and Engineering Division 1 SOLEIL : A 3 rd generation synchrotron light source 29 beamlines operational
More informationReduction of thermal emittance of rf guns *
SLAC-PUB-884 LCLS TN 99-8 October 1999 Reduction of thermal emittance of rf guns * J. E. Clendenin, T. Kotseroglou, G. A. Mulhollan, D. T. Palmer, and J. F. Schmerge Stanford Linear Accelerator Center,
More informationInverse Compton Scattering Sources from Soft X-rays to γ-rays
Inverse Compton Scattering Sources from Soft X-rays to γ-rays J.B. Rosenzweig UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy 21 Ottobre, 2004 Introduction Inverse Compton scattering provides a path to 4th generation
More informationBeam Dynamics in a Hybrid Standing Wave- Traveling Wave Photoinjector
Beam Dynamics in a Hybrid Standing Wave- Traveling Wave Photoinjector J. Rosenzweig, D. Alesini, A. Boni, M. Ferrario, A. Fukusawa, A. Mostacci $, B. O Shea, L. Palumbo $, B. Spataro UCLA Dept. of Physics
More information1. Beam based alignment Laser alignment Solenoid alignment 2. Dark current 3. Thermal emittance
Beam based alignment, Dark current and Thermal emittance measurements J-H.Han,M.Krasilnikov,V.Miltchev, PITZ, DESY, Zeuthen 1. Beam based alignment Laser alignment Solenoid alignment 2. Dark current 3.
More informationHigh brightness beam science
High brightness beam science P. Musumeci UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy FEIS Workshop December 9 12th, 2013 Key West, Florida Outline Beam brightness. Useful figure of merit to compare different
More informationATTOSECOND X-RAY PULSES IN THE LCLS USING THE SLOTTED FOIL METHOD
P. Emma et al. / Proceedings of the 24 FEL Conference, 333-338 333 ATTOSECOND X-RAY PULSES IN THE LCLS USING THE SLOTTED FOIL METHOD Abstract P. Emma, Z. Huang, SLAC, Stanford, CA 9439, USA M. Borland,
More informationAlignment requirement for the SRF cavities of the LCLS-II injector LCLSII-TN /16/2014
Alignment requirement for the SRF cavities of the LCLS-II injector LCLS-II TN-14-16 12/16/2014 R. K. Li, C. Papadopoulos, T. O. Raubenheimer, J. F. Schmerge, and F. Zhou December 16, 2014 LCLSII-TN-14-16
More informationFACET-II Design Update
FACET-II Design Update October 17-19, 2016, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Glen White FACET-II CD-2/3A Director s Review, August 9, 2016 Planning for FACET-II as a Community Resource FACET-II Photo
More informationReview of proposals of ERL injector cryomodules. S. Belomestnykh
Review of proposals of ERL injector cryomodules S. Belomestnykh ERL 2005 JLab, March 22, 2005 Introduction In this presentation we will review injector cryomodule designs either already existing or under
More informationExcitements and Challenges for Future Light Sources Based on X-Ray FELs
Excitements and Challenges for Future Light Sources Based on X-Ray FELs 26th ADVANCED ICFA BEAM DYNAMICS WORKSHOP ON NANOMETRE-SIZE COLLIDING BEAMS Kwang-Je Kim Argonne National Laboratory and The University
More informationSimulations of the IR/THz source at PITZ (SASE FEL and CTR)
Simulations of the IR/THz source at PITZ (SASE FEL and CTR) Introduction Outline Simulations of SASE FEL Simulations of CTR Summary Issues for Discussion Mini-Workshop on THz Option at PITZ DESY, Zeuthen
More informationX-Band RF Harmonic Compensation for Linear Bunch Compression in the LCLS
SLAC-TN-5- LCLS-TN-1-1 November 1,1 X-Band RF Harmonic Compensation for Linear Bunch Compression in the LCLS Paul Emma SLAC November 1, 1 ABSTRACT An X-band th harmonic RF section is used to linearize
More informationUV laser pulse temporal profile requirements for the LCLS injector - Part I - Fourier Transform limit for a temporal zero slope flattop
UV laser pulse temporal profile requirements for the LCLS injector - Part I - Fourier Transform limit for a temporal zero slope flattop C. Limborg-Deprey and P.R. Bolton, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center,
More informationLCLS-II SCRF start-to-end simulations and global optimization as of September Abstract
SLAC National Accelerator Lab LCLS-II TN-17-4 February 217 LCLS-II SCRF start-to-end simulations and global optimization as of September 216 G. Marcus SLAC, Menlo Park, CA 9425 J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley,
More informationPAL LINAC UPGRADE FOR A 1-3 Å XFEL
PAL LINAC UPGRADE FOR A 1-3 Å XFEL J. S. Oh, W. Namkung, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea Y. Kim, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, D-603 Hamburg, Germany Abstract With
More informationSPARCLAB. Source For Plasma Accelerators and Radiation Compton with Laser And Beam
SPARCLAB Source For Plasma Accelerators and Radiation Compton with Laser And Beam EMITTANCE X X X X X X X X Introduction to SPARC_LAB 2 BRIGHTNESS (electrons) B n 2I nx ny A m 2 rad 2 The current can be
More informationSimulation of transverse emittance measurements using the single slit method
Simulation of transverse emittance measurements using the single slit method Rudolf Höfler Vienna University of Technology DESY Zeuthen Summer Student Program 007 Abstract Emittance measurements using
More informationCharacterization of an 800 nm SASE FEL at Saturation
Characterization of an 800 nm SASE FEL at Saturation A.Tremaine*, P. Frigola, A. Murokh, C. Pellegrini, S. Reiche, J. Rosenzweig UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 M. Babzien, I. Ben-Zvi, E. Johnson, R. Malone,
More informationPhysical design of FEL injector based on performance-enhanced EC-ITC RF gun
Accepted by Chinese Physics C Physical design of FEL injector based on performance-enhanced EC-ITC RF gun HU Tong-ning( 胡桐宁 ) 1, CHEN Qu-shan( 陈曲珊 ) 1, PEI Yuan-ji( 裴元吉 ) 2; 1), LI Ji( 李骥 ) 2, QIN Bin(
More informationMeasurement of wakefields in hollow plasma channels Carl A. Lindstrøm (University of Oslo)
Measurement of wakefields in hollow plasma channels Carl A. Lindstrøm (University of Oslo) in collaboration with Spencer Gessner (CERN) presented by Erik Adli (University of Oslo) FACET-II Science Workshop
More information6.5 Electron Beamline System Description
6.5 Electron Beamline 6.5.1 System Description The electron beamline for the photoinjector consists of the rf gun (see Section 6.3), Linac 0 (L0, also commonly called the booster accelerator), and the
More informationTransverse Coherence Properties of the LCLS X-ray Beam
LCLS-TN-06-13 Transverse Coherence Properties of the LCLS X-ray Beam S. Reiche, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA October 31, 2006 Abstract Self-amplifying spontaneous radiation free-electron lasers, such
More informationNext Generation High Brightness Electron Beams from Ultra-High Field Cryogenic Radiofrequency Photocathode Sources
Next Generation High Brightness Electron Beams from Ultra-High Field Cryogenic Radiofrequency Photocathode Sources J.B. Rosenzweig 1, A. Cahill 1, V. Dolgashev 2, C. Emma 1, A. Fukusawa 1, R. Li 2, C.
More informationBEAM INSTABILITIES IN LINEAR MACHINES 2
BEAM INSTABILITIES IN LINEAR MACHINES 2 Massimo.Ferrario@LNF.INFN.IT CERN 5 November 215 ( ) σ " + k 2 s σ = k sc s,γ σ Equilibrium solution: ( ) = k sc( s,γ ) σ eq s,γ k s Single Component Relativistic
More informationLinac optimisation for the New Light Source
Linac optimisation for the New Light Source NLS source requirements Electron beam requirements for seeded cascade harmonic generation LINAC optimisation (2BC vs 3 BC) CSR issues energy chirp issues jitter
More informationHigh Energy Gain Helical Inverse Free Electron Laser Accelerator at Brookhaven National Laboratory
High Energy Gain Helical Inverse Free Electron Laser Accelerator at Brookhaven National Laboratory J. Duris 1, L. Ho 1, R. Li 1, P. Musumeci 1, Y. Sakai 1, E. Threlkeld 1, O. Williams 1, M. Babzien 2,
More information