Hyperons and Resonances in Nuclei and Neutron Stars. H. Lenske Institut für Theoretische Physik, JLU Giessen and GSI Darmstadt

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1 Hyperons and Resonances in Nuclei and Neutron Stars H. Lenske Institut für Theoretische Physik, JLU Giessen and GSI Darmstadt

2 Agenda: Hyperon interactions and hypernuclei Neutron star matter The hyperonization puzzle Resonances in nuclei and neutron stars

3 OBE and χeft NY-Cross Sections: Results by the Jülich/Bochum Group: E. Epelbaum et al. Opening of the ΣN channel at p Λ ~650MeV/c (T lab ~175MeV) χeft (LO) Jülich 04 Nijmwegen SC97

4 The BB Scattering Problem: The Bethe-Salpeter Equation Minkowski-Space OBE approach 3-D reduction (Thompson, Blankenbecler-Sugar ) Phase shifts, scattering lengths DBHF: in-medium self-energies, nuclear properties Production of hypernuclei

5 s-wave SE NN-Potential and K-Matrix Correlations (Ladder Series)

6 B = B theo B B exp exp DDRH Results: B(A) and Charge Radii Hartree Vertices r = < r > < r > 2 2 theo 2 < r > exp exp

7 SU(3) coupling of Isospin (T) and Flavour Channels Q =+ 2: pσ 0 Q p p n =+ 1: Λ Σ Σ 0 Q n n p = 0: Λ Σ Σ Q = 1: nσ + +

8 In-Medium Scattering Lengths (S=-1 Q=0): nσ: k F =0: a SE =-2.07fm nλ: k F =0: a SE =-2.41fm

9 Giessen DBHF ESC08+MPP Relativistic DFT DDRH Vertex Functionals G-matrix Folding Approach YNN by Multi-Pomeron Forces +TBA

10 Application to (π +,Κ + ) KEK-Data (Exp: Hotchi et al.) C. Keil, HL (2007); S. Bender, R. Shyam, HL, Nucl.Phys.A839:51-69,2010

11 Neutron Star Matter in β-equilibrium

12 Observed Neutron Star Mass Distribution J J. Lattimer Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 62, 485 (2012) J

13 Structure of a Neutron Star (Neutron stars were predicted alreday in 1934 by Walter Baade and Fritz Zwicky) Baryonic Matter: Λ, Σ,Ξ,,... Condensates : π, Κ... Quark Matter, QGP, CFL?

14 Conditions for β-equilibrium n-p-e-µ Matter: n-p-y-e-µ Matter: ρb = ρn + ρp + ρy ; ρ = ρe + ρ µ B Y ρ = ρ + ρ

15 Chemical Potential (T=0): µ = g V ( ρ ) + g V ( ρ ) + g V ( ρ ) + k + M ( ρ ) M 2 *2 * B ωb ω b φb φ b ρb ρ b Fb B s Y Fermi Momentum: Baryon chemical potential at T=0 Self-Consistency Problem! 2 ( µ ) ( ) ω ω ρ ρ ε ρ k = g V ( )... M ( ) ~ 2M ( k ) U ( ) 0 2 *2 FB B B b B s B B FB B b Baryon octet: n, p, Λ, Σ, Ξ Nucleon resonances (which?): 33 (1232),N*(1440),D 13 (1520) Leptons: e, µ, ν Three vector (mean-) fields: V ω,ρ,φ Three scalar (mean-) fields: Φ σ,δ,σ s

16 J. Wilhelm, H.L. Baryon fractions as a function of density

17 Composition of Neutron Star Matter: Nucleon and hyperon fractions

18 The EoS of a Neutron Star: Mass-Radius Relation from the TOV-equations M=1.97M o pure n-p matter

19 DBHF/DDRH Interactions in a Neutron Star Pulsar J Hyperonization Puzzle

20 Hypermatter with 3-body interactions Urbana V18+3-body npeµ-matter (non-relativistic) Urbana V18+3-body npyeµ-matter (non-relativistic) EoS from Arnett and Bowers (1977) APJS 33, 415

21 Nijmegen ESC08 TBA and TBR YNN&YNNN from MultiPomeron (MP) Exchange Y. Yamamoto, T. Furumoto, N. Yasutake, Th.A. Rijken; arxiv:

22 In-Medium Vector Repulsion and the Hyperon Puzzle

23 Mass-Radius Relation for a Neutron Star with Hyperon Vector Repulsion M=2.10M o M=1.97M o

24 Vector-Repulsion scenario: Hyperon shell in a neutron star Standard Scenario: Hyperon core in a neutron star

25 Resonances in Nuclei and Neutron Stars

26 Level Scheme: GiM coupled channel analysis and PDG (Xu Cao, V.Shklyar, H.L., Phys. Rev. C 88, (2013))

27 33 (1232) and higher N* resonance in π+ 6 Li scattering S. Lourenco, H.L. S. Wycech

28 Target: Bi(n -1 N* + ) Tl(p -1 N* ++ ) FRS@GSI : N* in asymmetric nuclear matter Sn In( p n) Sn n Sb( p) Target: Tl(p -1 N* 0 ) Pb(n -1 N* - ) Zn(n -1 N* + ) Ni(p -1 N* ++ ) Ni(p -1 N* 0 ) Cu(n -1 N* - ) N(n -1 N* + ) B(p -1 N* ++ ) B(p -1 N* 0 ) C(n -1 N* - ) ++,N* ++ n, 0,N* 0 Data and their description: J. Benlliure Talk on Friday!

29 Response Functions (per nucleon!) along the Ni-chain: RPA results for T a =τ - (pn -1 & n -1 transitions) A. Fedoseew, H.L.

30 A Test Case: Quasi-free Inclusive (e,e ) Scattering

31 Composition of npeµ - -matter ρ th =0.18fm -3 Composition of npeµ 0 -matter ρ th =0.61fm -3

32 c/o Alessandro Drago, Ferrara

33 Schürhoff, Schramm,Dexheimer, 2010 s in Neutron Stars

34 Summary and Outlook Hyperons and nucleon resonances in nuclei Interactions and composition of neutron star matter Unsolved: properties of exotic matter, its composition and dynamics FRS and Super-FRS: NY and NNY interactions HypHI Experiment FRS and Super-FRS: resonances in asymmetric nuclear matter and NN* interactions Exp. S363 Credits to Madhumita Dhar, Andreas Fedoseew, Theo Gaitanos, and Jonas Wilhelm Supported by DFG, BMBF, HIC for FAIR, and GSI

35 Open Problems for npyr-matter N*N and N*Y 2-body interactions N*NY,N*N*Y,N*N*N*. 3-body interactions Resonances in asymmetric nuclear matter In-medium properties of interactions at ρ~2 10ρ 0

36 Composition of npeµσ -matter ρ th =0.33fm -3 Composition of npeµλ-matter ρ th =0.4fm -3

37 β-equilibrium with Resonances npyreµ Matter: * N = 33 P11 13 S11 N * N + N N + N * (1232), (1440),D (1520), (1535)... N + π N + {, γγ, ν...} 0, + Y + K Y + {, γγ, ν...} Thermodynamical equilibrium: µ = µ q µ R n R e Charge neutrality: qx + qx = x b b R R b= n, py, R=, N*(1440)... ρb Baryon density x b = : ρ x = x + x = 1 x B b R b= n, py, R=, N*(1440)...