Radio-chemical method
|
|
- Asher Harvey
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Neutrino Detectors
2 Radio-chemical method Neutrino reactions: n+ν e => p+e - p+ν e => n+e + Radio chemical reaction in nuclei: A N Z+ν e => A-1 N(Z+1)+e - (Electron anti-neutrino, right) (Z+1) will be extracted, decay products are detected (charged particles, γ-transitions, x-rays, 511 kev annihilation radiation) Reaction rates are tiny: ~ atoms are needed for one reaction per day The very low reaction rate caused a new term: 1 SNU = reactions per second and per atom
3 General demands on detector properties Measurement of neutrino reactions require: very large detector mass (caused by very small cross sections) Very high shielding against direct and indirect particles from cosmic radiation, especially muons suppression of natural radio-activity
4 Homestake experiment I First experiment which detected solar neutrinos, R. Davis (1968) 380m 3 := 615t C 2 Cl 4 Detection is based on neutrino capture in 37 Cl: 37 Cl + ν e => 37 Ar + e - Chemical separation of 37 Ar atoms after Tagen
5 Homestake experiment II Detection of 37 Ar, decays via K-electon capture: 37 Ar + e - => 37 Cl + ν e Half live: t 1/2 = 35 d Decay products: (i) X-rays (Röntgenstrahlung) (ii) Auger electrons Threshold energy for ν- capture in 37 Cl: 814 kev => mainly 8 B neutrinos Final result after 20 years: Y = Ar atoms per day R = SNU Standard Sun Model SSM: ~ 8.0 SNU Solar neutrino deficit problem
6 GALLEX experiment I Detection principal of radio chemical experiment: 71 Ga + ν e => 71 Ge + e t GaCl 3 Lower energy threshold: 244keV => flux of initial pp-neutrinos detected! Results are again below theoretical SSM expectation What about neutrino properties? GALLEX /-8 SNU SSM /-6 SNU
7 GALLEX experiment II
8 Radio chemical - vs. real time experiment Radio chemical experiments (Homestake, GALLEX) no information about direction of incoming neutrinos (are they solar?) information about the energy only limited and indirect due to the energy threshold of capture reaction long time averages Real time experiments New, additional information from detected neutrinos: direction -> origin from sun Energy -> from which fraction of spectrum time -> time dependent effects (day/night...) All neutrino flavors are measurable Back ground reduction with electronic, coincidences,
9 Beta decay incoming neutron: two d-quarks, one u-quark. Concentrate on one d-quark, other quarks are tightly bound by gluons to this quark. Do not contribute to decay in first order. d-quark emitts virtual W Boson and transforms into one u-quark. W - -Boson couples to an electron and an electron-antineutrino.
10 Neutrino reactions charged currents (CC) with proton, neutron ν e + p => e + + n ν e + n => e - + p ν µ + p => µ + + n ν µ + n => µ - + p ν e proton scattering Beta-decay of neutron
11 Cherenkov ligt: electron energy from opening cone Neutrino quark reactions Charged current (CC) and deuteron: ν e + d --> p + p + e - W-Bosonen exchange: Neutron and Neutrino -> Proton und Neutrino Detection scheme: Electron receives most of the energy of incoming neutrino. In case electron energy exceeds threshold energy for Cherenkov radiation -> Emission of visible Cherenkov light
12 Neutrino quark reactions Neutral current (NC) Exchange of neutral Z-boson example: ν x + d --> p + n + ν x Deuteron breaks up All ν flavors have same cross section! => deutron detection: - Addition of 2 tons NaCl salt in water - neutron capture in 35 Cl - γ cascade ~8 MeV
13 Neutrino electron reaction Neutral currents (NC) Charged currents (CC) ν e NC and CC contribute ν µ NC contribute Elastic scattering (ES) ν x +e - => ν x +e - Elastic scattering with electron ν e differs from ES with ν µ, ν τ Cross section σ(es) with ν e is six times larger.
14 summary: neutrino reactions (CC) ν e + D => e p (1,442 MeV) -> ν e flux φ(ν e ) (NC) ν x + D => ν x + p + n (2,226 MeV) -> ν x flux φ(ν x ) - neutron detection via capture reaction n + Cl 35 => Cl 36 + γ (ES) ν x + e- => ν x + e - (x for all neutrino flavors) Compare reactions and cross sections: - parts from different neutrino flavors φ(ν e ), φ(ν x ) - in case φ(ν e ) < φ(ν x ) -> Information on disappearance and oscillations
15 High energy neutrino detectors Requirements large effectiv area large volume - N target - particle tracks combined detectors for - Cherenkov light - neutrons shielding: under ground laboratory
16 Short intro: Cherenkov radiation In medium with diffraction index n is velocity of light c/n. Particle velocity can be higher than medium velocity of ligth c/n. Relativistic particles in medium with v > c/n radiate light in visible wavelength range: Cherenkov - radiation. Light cone with fixed θ c is emitted from every particle trajectory position. c / n cos θ = = c βc 1 β n in water ~ 40 Grad
17 Principal ideas
18 Kamiokande, Super-Kamiokande Kamioka Nucleon Decay Experiment Kamioka mine 300km west of Tokyo 1000m below ground level Data taking: (K: , SK:1996-??) 41,5m high, 39,3m diameter tons purified water (32.000t eff.) PMT (50cm) Photo multiplier tubes Energy threshold 5MeV
19 Super-Kamiokande
20 Super-Kamiokande Electron event E = 492 MeV Muon event E = 603 MeV
21 Kamiokande, Super-Kamiokande Water Cherenkov detector (real time) νe Elastic -scattering(es): Real time detection: recoil electrons cause Cherenkov light Energy threshold at E S = 5MeV 8 only B ν s and higher energetic First time possible: angular distribution relativ to sun direct proof, measured neutrinos arrived from sun ν + e + e ν φ φ 0.49 ± 0.03 exp ± 0.06 = SSM 0.46 ± ( K ) ( SK )
22 Accident at Within 10 sec PMT s destroyed in chain reaction Damage Millionen $ seismograph in 8 km distant registered signal cause: one defect photo multiplier tube
23 Sudbury-Neutrino-Observatory SNO 2 km below ground in Sudbury mine (Canada) sine 1997 in operation spherical structure 12 m diameter 9600 PMT`s operated with heavy water [D 2 O] 1000 t energy threshold 1,42MeV
24 SNO results Energy threshold ES ES: CC: NC: E S = 5MeV 8 B ν s all ν α σ ν with : σ ( E S = 1. 4MeV ) ( E S 2. 2MeV ) n + d H 3 +γ ( ) µ, τ ( ν ) e = ε = only ν e all γ + e γ + ν α e neutron detection: n + Cl 35 => Cl 36 + γ allows measurement of and µ, τ component of ν flux Deficit of solaren neutrino flux is caused by no deficit in comparison with SSM e ν e ν µ, τ
25 SNO results Monte-Carlo method yields: (in units of 10 cm s ) Φ Φ Φ SNO CC SNO NC SNO ES = 1.76 ± 0.10 = 5.09 ± 0.62 = 2.39 ± 0.26 analysis Φ Φ Φ SNO CC SNO NC SNO ES = Φ = Φ = Φ ( ν ) e ( ν ) ( ) e + Φ ν µ, τ ( ν ) + ε Φ( ν ) e µ, τ = Φ tot In case of pure ν e and no oscillations: Φ CC = Φ NC = Φ ES
26 consistent results between experiment and SSM Φ Φ Φ Φ ( ν ) e ( ) ν µ, τ SNO tot SSM tot = 1.76 ± 0.10 = 3.41± 0.65 = 5.17 ± 0.66 = Consistent with SSM Φ ( )! ν µ, τ 0
27 AMANDA (Antarctic Myon And Neutrino Detection Array) Southpole effective area ( m 2 ) threshold: ca. 20GeV
28
29
30
31 ICE-CUBE ( future project) 1 km 2 effective area 80 chains with 4800 PMT s 1 GT mass
32
Oklahoma State University. Solar Neutrinos and their Detection Techniques. S.A.Saad. Department of Physics
Oklahoma State University Solar Neutrinos and their Detection Techniques S.A.Saad Department of Physics Topics to be covered Solar Neutrinos Solar Neutrino Detection Techniques Solar Neutrino Puzzle and
More information1. Neutrino Oscillations
Neutrino oscillations and masses 1. Neutrino oscillations 2. Atmospheric neutrinos 3. Solar neutrinos, MSW effect 4. Reactor neutrinos 5. Accelerator neutrinos 6. Neutrino masses, double beta decay 1.
More informationSolar spectrum. Nuclear burning in the sun produce Heat, Luminosity and Neutrinos. pp neutrinos < 0.4 MeV
SOLAR NEUTRINOS Solar spectrum Nuclear burning in the sun produce Heat, Luminosity and Neutrinos pp neutrinos < 0.4 MeV Beryllium neutrinos 0.86 MeV Monochromatic since 2 body decay 2 kev width due to
More informationPHYS 5326 Lecture #6. 1. Neutrino Oscillation Formalism 2. Neutrino Oscillation Measurements
PHYS 5326 Lecture #6 Wednesday, Feb. 14, 2007 Dr. 1. Neutrino Oscillation Formalism 2. Neutrino Oscillation Measurements 1. Solar Neutrinos 2. Atmospheric neutrinos 3. Accelerator Based Oscillation Experiments
More information11 Neutrino astronomy. introduc)on to Astrophysics, C. Bertulani, Texas A&M-Commerce 1
11 Neutrino astronomy introduc)on to Astrophysics, C. Bertulani, Texas A&M-Commerce 1 11.1 The standard solar model As we discussed in stellar evolution III, to obtain a reliable model for the sun, we
More informationSolar Neutrino Oscillations
Solar Neutrino Oscillations ( m 2, θ 12 ) Background (aka where we were): Radiochemical experiments Kamiokande and Super-K Where we are: Recent results SNO and KamLAND Global picture Where we are going:
More informationNeutrino Oscillations
Neutrino Oscillations Elisa Bernardini Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (Zeuthen) Suggested reading: C. Giunti and C.W. Kim, Fundamentals of Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics, Oxford University Press
More informationNeutrino Oscillations
Neutrino Oscillations Supervisor: Kai Schweda 5/18/2009 Johannes Stiller 1 Outline The Standard (Solar) Model Detecting Neutrinos The Solar Neutrino Problem Neutrino Oscillations Neutrino Interactions
More informationNeutrino Experiments: Lecture 2 M. Shaevitz Columbia University
Neutrino Experiments: Lecture 2 M. Shaevitz Columbia University 1 Outline 2 Lecture 1: Experimental Neutrino Physics Neutrino Physics and Interactions Neutrino Mass Experiments Neutrino Sources/Beams and
More informationThe interaction of radiation with matter
Basic Detection Techniques 2009-2010 http://www.astro.rug.nl/~peletier/detectiontechniques.html Detection of energetic particles and gamma rays The interaction of radiation with matter Peter Dendooven
More informationInteractions/Weak Force/Leptons
Interactions/Weak Force/Leptons Quantum Picture of Interactions Yukawa Theory Boson Propagator Feynman Diagrams Electromagnetic Interactions Renormalization and Gauge Invariance Weak and Electroweak Interactions
More informationSOLAR NEUTRINO PROBLEM SOLVED
Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko Oddelek za fiziko Jadranska 19 1000 Ljubljana UROŠ BOROVŠAK SOLAR NEUTRINO PROBLEM SOLVED ADVISOR dr. TOMAŽ PODOBNIK Ljubljana, April 2, 2003 Abstract Since the end of
More informationInteractions/Weak Force/Leptons
Interactions/Weak Force/Leptons Quantum Picture of Interactions Yukawa Theory Boson Propagator Feynman Diagrams Electromagnetic Interactions Renormalization and Gauge Invariance Weak and Electroweak Interactions
More informationSolar Neutrinos & MSW Effect. Pouya Bakhti General Seminar Course Nov IPM
Solar Neutrinos & MSW Effect Pouya Bakhti General Seminar Course Nov. 2012 - IPM Outline Introduction Neutrino Oscillation Solar Neutrinos Solar Neutrino Experiments Conclusions Summary Introduction Introduction
More informationRecent Discoveries in Neutrino Physics
Recent Discoveries in Neutrino Physics Experiments with Reactor Antineutrinos Karsten Heeger http://neutrino.physics.wisc.edu/ Karsten Heeger, Univ. of Wisconsin NUSS, July 13, 2009 Standard Model and
More information4p 4 He + 2e + +2ν e. (1)
1 SOLAR NEUTRINOS Revised September 2001 by K. Nakamura (KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Japan). 1. Introduction: The Sun is a main-sequence star at a stage of stable hydrogen burning.
More informationAtmospheric Neutrinos and Neutrino Oscillations
FEATURE Principal Investigator Takaaki Kajita Research Area Experimental Physics Atmospheric Neutrinos and Neutrino Oscillations Introduction About a hundred years ago Victor Hess aboard a balloon measured
More informationSo, you want to build a neutrino detector?
Neutrino Detectors So, you want to build a neutrino detector? How many events do you need to do the physics? Determines detector mass Determines the target type What kind of interaction? e,, CC, NC? What
More informationReview of Solar Neutrinos. Alan Poon Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics & Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Review of Solar Neutrinos Alan Poon Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics & Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Solar Neutrinos pp chain: 4p + 2e 4 He + 2ν e + 26.7
More informationStatus of Solar Neutrino Oscillations
Status of Solar Neutrino Oscillations With many thanks to Dave Wark - RAL/ University of Sussex and Stephen Brice - Fermilab The Solar Neutrino Problem Next three plots adapted from http://www.sns.ias.edu/~jnb/
More informationSolar neutrinos and the MSW effect
Chapter 12 Solar neutrinos and the MSW effect The vacuum neutrino oscillations described in the previous section could in principle account for the depressed flux of solar neutrinos detected on Earth.
More informationParticle Physics. Michaelmas Term 2009 Prof Mark Thomson. Handout 11 : Neutrino Oscillations. Neutrino Experiments
Particle Physics Michaelmas Term 2009 Prof Mark Thomson Handout 11 : Neutrino Oscillations Prof. M.A. Thomson Michaelmas 2009 340 Neutrino Experiments Before discussing current experimental data, need
More informationSuper-Kamiokande. Alexandre Zeenny, Nolwenn Lévêque
Super-Kamiokande Alexandre Zeenny, Nolwenn Lévêque Purpose Super-Kamiokande is a neutrino observatory located in Japan. Purposes of the Super-Kamiokande experiments is to reveal the neutrino properties
More informationNeutrino mixing II. Can ν e ν µ ν τ? If this happens:
Can ν e ν µ ν τ? If this happens: Neutrino mixing II neutrinos have mass (though there are some subtleties involving the MSW mechanism) physics beyond the (perturbative) Standard Model participates Outline:
More informationApplications of nuclear physics in neutrino physics
Applications of nuclear physics in neutrino physics Emanuel Ydrefors E. Ydrefors (KTH) Neutrino physics 1 / 16 Outline of lecture Brief introduction to neutrinos Nuclear beta decay Neutrino-nucleus scattering
More informationLOW ENERGY SOLAR NEUTRINOS WITH BOREXINO. Lea Di Noto on behalf of the Borexino collaboration
LOW ENERGY SOLAR NEUTRINOS WITH BOREXINO Lea Di Noto on behalf of the Borexino collaboration Vulcano Workshop 20 th -26 th May 2018 [cm -2 s -1 MeV -1 ] SOLAR NEUTRINOS Electrons neutrinos are produced
More informationNeutrinos: What we ve learned and what we still want to find out. Jessica Clayton Astronomy Club November 10, 2008
Neutrinos: What we ve learned and what we still want to find out Jessica Clayton Astronomy Club November 10, 2008 Neutrinos, they are very small, they have no charge and have no mass, and do not interact
More informationNeutrino oscillation experiments: Recent results and implications
Title transparency Neutrino oscillation experiments: Recent results and implications W. Hampel MPI Kernphysik Heidelberg Motivation for talk On the way from the Standard Model to String Theory: appropriate
More informationF. TASNÁDI LINKÖPING UNIVERSITY THEORETICAL PHYSICS NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS & MASS
F. TASNÁDI LINKÖPING UNIVERSITY THEORETICAL PHYSICS NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS & MASS the fundamental discoveries in physics con4nues 1 CONGRATULATIONS - NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 2016 the secrets of exotic matter
More informationarxiv: v1 [hep-ex] 22 Jan 2009
Solar neutrino detection Lino Miramonti Physics department of Milano University and INFN arxiv:0901.3443v1 [hep-ex] 22 Jan 2009 Abstract. More than 40 years ago, neutrinos where conceived as a way to test
More informationCherenkov Detector. Cosmic Rays Cherenkov Detector. Lodovico Lappetito. CherenkovDetector_ENG - 28/04/2016 Pag. 1
Cherenkov Detector Cosmic Rays Cherenkov Detector Lodovico Lappetito CherenkovDetector_ENG - 28/04/2016 Pag. 1 Table of Contents Introduction on Cherenkov Effect... 4 Super - Kamiokande... 6 Construction
More informationHydrogen Burning in More Massive Stars and The Sun.
Hydrogen Burning in More Massive Stars and The Sun http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html 2 min For temperatures above 18 million K, the CNO cycle dominates energy production 10 min CNO 14 N CNO CYCLE
More informationThe Solar Neutrino Problem. There are 6 major and 2 minor neutrino producing reactions in the sun. The major reactions are
The Solar Neutrino Problem There are 6 major and 2 minor neutrino producing reactions in the sun. The major reactions are 1 H + 1 H 2 H + e + + ν e (PP I) 7 Be + e 7 Li + ν e + γ (PP II) 8 B 8 Be + e +
More informationTHE BEGINNING OF THE END OF AN ERA: Analysis After the Shutdown of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
THE BEGINNING OF THE END OF AN ERA: Analysis After the Shutdown of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Introduction Highlights of SNO Results NCD Phase Update Future Analysis Plan Keith Rielage on behalf
More informationProton Decays. -- motivation, status, and future prospect -- Univ. of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory Masato Shiozawa
Proton Decays -- motivation, status, and future prospect -- Univ. of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory Masato Shiozawa Look for Baryon number violation B number conservation is experimental subject B number conservation
More informationHydrogen Burning in More Massive Stars.
Hydrogen Burning in More Massive Stars http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html 2 min For temperatures above 18 million K, the CNO cycle dominates energy production 10 min 14 CNO N CNO CYCLE (Shorthand)
More informationWindows on the Cosmos
Windows on the Cosmos Three types of information carriers about what s out there arrive on Earth: Electromagnetic Radiation Visible light, UV, IR => telescopes (Earth/Space) Radio waves => Antennae ( Dishes
More informationSolar Neutrinos. Learning about the core of the Sun. Guest lecture: Dr. Jeffrey Morgenthaler Jan 26, 2006
Solar Neutrinos Learning about the core of the Sun Guest lecture: Dr. Jeffrey Morgenthaler Jan 26, 2006 Review Conventional solar telescopes Observe optical properties of the Sun to test standard model
More informationDiscovery of the Neutrino Mass-I. P1X* Frontiers of Physics Lectures October 2004 Dr Paul Soler University of Glasgow
-I P1X* Frontiers of Physics Lectures 19-0 October 004 Dr Paul Soler University of Glasgow Outline 1. Introduction: the structure of matter. Neutrinos:.1 Neutrino interactions. Neutrino discovery and questions.3
More informationGADZOOKS! project at Super-Kamiokande
GADZOOKS! project at Super-Kamiokande M.Ikeda (Kamioka ICRR, U.of Tokyo) for Super-K collaboration 2015,6,9@WIN2015 Contents GADZOOKS! project Supernova Relic Neutrino search R&D status and Plan Summary
More informationNeutrinos in Astrophysics and Cosmology
Crab Nebula Neutrinos in Astrophysics and Cosmology Introductory Remarks Georg G. Raffelt Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany Periodic System of Elementary Particles Quarks Charge -1/3 Charge
More informationAstroparticle physics
Timo Enqvist University of Oulu Oulu Southern institute lecture cource on Astroparticle physics 15.09.2009 15.12.2009 Supernovae and supernova neutrinos 4.1 4 Supernovae and supernova neutrinos 4.1 Supernova
More informationUNIT1: Experimental Evidences of Neutrino Oscillation Atmospheric and Solar Neutrinos
UNIT1: Experimental Evidences of Neutrino Oscillation Atmospheric and Solar Neutrinos Stefania Ricciardi HEP PostGraduate Lectures 2016 University of London 1 Neutrino Sources Artificial: nuclear reactors
More informationThe Problem of the Missing Neutrinos
The Problem of the Missing Neutrinos Kerstin Falk 20.10.2005 Project of the Space Physics Course 2005 Umeå University 1 Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Solar model and solar neutrinos 3 3. The Solar Neutrino
More informationSOLAR NEUTRINOS REVIEW Revised December 2007 by K. Nakamura (KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Japan).
1 SOLAR NEUTRINOS REVIEW Revised December 2007 by K. Nakamura (KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Japan). 1. Introduction The Sun is a main-sequence star at a stage of stable hydrogen
More informationDetectors for astroparticle physics
Detectors for astroparticle physics Teresa Marrodán Undagoitia marrodan@physik.uzh.ch Universität Zürich Kern und Teilchenphysik II, Zürich 07.05.2010 Teresa Marrodán Undagoitia (UZH) Detectors for astroparticle
More informationLessons from Neutrinos in the IceCube Deep Core Array
Lessons from Neutrinos in the IceCube Deep Core Array Irina Mocioiu Penn State TeV 2009, July 15 2009 Point sources Diffuse fluxes from astrophysical objects from cosmic ray interactions from dark matter
More informationNeutrinos Lecture Introduction
Neutrinos Lecture 16 1 Introduction Neutrino physics is discussed in some detail for several reasons. In the first place, the physics is interesting and easily understood, yet it is representative of the
More informationMAJOR NUCLEAR BURNING STAGES
MAJOR NUCLEAR BURNING STAGES The Coulomb barrier is higher for heavier nuclei with high charge: The first reactions to occur are those involving light nuclei -- Starting from hydrogen burning, helium burning
More informationν?? Solar & Atmospheric Oscillation Experiments Greg Sullivan University of Maryland Aspen Winter Conference January 21, 1999 )Past )Present )Future
Solar & Atmospheric Oscillation Experiments Greg Sullivan of Maryland Aspen Winter Conference January 21, 1999 ν?? e )Past z Neutrino Mass Mass & Oscillations )Present z Atmospheric neutrinos z Solar Solar
More informationRyan Stillwell Paper: /10/2014. Neutrino Astronomy. A hidden universe. Prepared by: Ryan Stillwell. Tutor: Patrick Bowman
Neutrino Astronomy A hidden universe Prepared by: Ryan Stillwell Tutor: Patrick Bowman Paper: 124.129 Date: 10 October 2014 i Table of Contents 1. Introduction pg 1 1.1 Background pg 1 2. Findings & Discussion
More informationNeutrino Oscillations
Neutrino Oscillations Heidi Schellman June 6, 2000 Lots of help from Janet Conrad Charge mass,mev tandard Model of Elementary Particles 3 Generations of Fermions Force Carriers Q u a r k s u d 2/3 2/3
More informationRecent Discoveries in Neutrino Oscillation Physics & Prospects for the Future
Recent Discoveries in Neutrino Oscillation Physics & Prospects for the Future Karsten M. Heeger Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 SNO φ ES SNO φ CC SNO φ NC SSM φ NC 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
More informationAnalyzing Data. PHY310: Lecture 16. Road Map
PHY310: Lecture 16 Analyzing Data Road Map Step One: Defining the Data Set Where it came from Understanding the background physics What are the measured variables Second Topic Third Topic 1 Example Analysis
More informationMeasuring the neutrino mass hierarchy with atmospheric neutrinos in IceCube(-Gen2)
Measuring the neutrino mass hierarchy with atmospheric neutrinos in IceCube(-Gen2) Beyond the Standard Model with Neutrinos and Nuclear Physics Solvay Workshop November 30, 2017 Darren R Grant The atmospheric
More informationNuclear Astrophysics
I. Hydrostatic burning and onset of collapse Karlheinz Langanke GSI & TU Darmstadt 15 Stellar energy source Energy comes from nuclear reactions in the core. E = mc 2 4 1 H 4 He + neutrinos + 26.7MeV The
More informationSolar Neutrinos and the 2015 Nobel Prize
Solar Neutrinos and the 2015 Nobel Prize UBC/TRIUMF Saturday Morning Lecture Series November 2016 Outline 1. What's a neutrino? 2. How do you detect neutrinos? 3. The solar neutrino problem 4. Neutrino
More informationNeutrino Physics: an Introduction
Neutrino Physics: an Introduction Lecture 2: Neutrino mixing and oscillations Amol Dighe Department of Theoretical Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai SERC EHEP School 2017 NISER Bhubaneswar,
More informationNuclides with excess neutrons need to convert a neutron to a proton to move closer to the line of stability.
Radioactive Decay Mechanisms (cont.) Beta (β) Decay: Radioactive decay process in which the charge of the nucleus is changed without any change in the number of nucleons. There are three types of beta
More informationNeutron flux measurement using fast-neutron activation of 12 B and 12 N isotopes in hydrocarbonate scintillators
Neutron flux measurement using fast-neutron activation of 12 B and 12 N isotopes in hydrocarbonate scintillators M. M. Boliev E-mail: kchkrv@rambler.ru Yu. F. Novoseltsev R. V. Novoseltseva V. B. Petkov
More informationSupernova Neutrino Detectors: Current and Future. Kate Scholberg, Duke University June 24, 2005
Supernova Neutrino Detectors: Current and Future Kate Scholberg, Duke University June 24, 2005 OUTLINE Supernovae and the Neutrino Signal What We Will Learn Supernova Neutrino Detection Current SN ν Detectors
More informationXI. Beyond the Standard Model
XI. Beyond the Standard Model While the Standard Model appears to be confirmed in all ways, there are some unclear points and possible extensions: Why do the observed quarks and leptons have the masses
More informationParticle Physics WS 2012/13 ( )
Particle Physics WS 2012/13 (22.1.2013) Stephanie Hansmann-Menzemer Physikalisches Institut, INF 226, 3.101 Reminder: No lecture this Friday 25.01.2012 2 Neutrino Types and Sources Neutrinos are only detected
More informationM.Nakahata. Kamioka observatory ICRR/IPMU, Univ. of Tokyo. 2016/11/8 M. Nakahata: Neutrino experiments - 30 years at Kamioka 1
Neutrino experiments -- 30 years at Kamioka -- M.Nakahata Kamioka observatory ICRR/IPMU, Univ. of Tokyo 2016/11/8 M. Nakahata: Neutrino experiments - 30 years at Kamioka 1 Contents Current experiments
More informationC. Spiering, CERN School Zeuthen, Sept.2003
C. Spiering, CERN School Zeuthen, Sept.2003 Neutrinos Cosmic Neutrinos - solar neutrinos (kev MeV) - neutrinos from a Supernova (MeV) - atmospheric Neutrinos (GeV) - extraterrestrial neutrinos (GeV-TeV-PeV)
More information10 Neutrino Oscillations
10 Neutrino Oscillations 10.1 Neutrino mixing Particles are produced in interactions. The interaction process defines the properties of the emitted particle, for example it is a photon or an axion. Depending
More informationNeutrinos and the Universe
Neutrinos and the Universe Susan Cartwright University of Sheffield Neutrinos and the Universe Discovering neutrinos Detecting neutrinos Neutrinos and the Sun Neutrinos and Supernovae Neutrinos and Dark
More informationMetallicities in stars - what solar neutrinos can do
- what solar neutrinos can do Institute for Nuclear and Particle Physics, Technical University Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany E-mail: zuber@physik.tu-dresden.de New elemental abundance determinations
More informationDedicated Arrays: MEDEA GDR studies (E γ = MeV) Highly excited CN E*~ MeV, 4 T 8 MeV
Dedicated Arrays: MEDEA GDR studies (E γ = 10-25 MeV) Highly excited CN E*~ 250-350 MeV, 4 T 8 MeV γ-ray spectrum intermediate energy region 10 MeV/A E beam 100 MeV/A - large variety of emitted particles
More informationSuper-Kamiokande ~The Status of n Oscillation ~
May 26, 2006 Vulcano Workshop 2006 Super-Kamiokande ~The Status of n Oscillation ~ Yoshihisa OBAYASHI (ICRR, Univ. of Tokyo) for Super-Kamiokande Collaboration May 26, 2006 Y.Obayashi @ Vulcano 2006 1
More informationParticle Physics WS 2012/13 ( )
Particle Physics WS 2012/13 (29.1.2013) Stephanie Hansmann-Menzemer Physikalisches Institut, INF 226, 3.101 Content Today Short Reminder on Neutrino Oszillation Solar Neutrino Oszillation and Matrial Effect
More informationNeutrino Mass How can something so small be so important? Greg Sullivan University of Maryland April 1999
Neutrino Mass How can something so small be so important? Greg Sullivan University of Maryland April 1999 Introduction The The Structure of of Matter Matter Fundamental Particles How How do do we we detect
More informationNeutrino Pendulum. A mechanical model for 3-flavor Neutrino Oscillations. Michael Kobel (TU Dresden) PSI,
Neutrino Pendulum A mechanical model for 3-flavor Neutrino Oscillations Michael Kobel (TU Dresden) PSI,.6.016 Class. Mechanics: Coupled Pendulums pendulums with same length l, mass m coupled by spring
More informationStudy of Solar Neutrinos at Super Kamiokande
Study of Solar Neutrinos at Super Kamiokande Yusuke Koshio University of Tokyo April 1998 Abstract Super-Kamiokande started taking data on the 1st of April in 1996. The data used for the analysis of solar
More informationAn Introduction to Modern Particle Physics. Mark Thomson University of Cambridge
An Introduction to Modern Particle Physics Mark Thomson University of Cambridge Science Summer School: 30 th July - 1 st August 2007 1 Course Synopsis Introduction : Particles and Forces - what are the
More informationAtmospheric muons & neutrinos in neutrino telescopes
Atmospheric muons & neutrinos in neutrino telescopes Neutrino oscillations Muon & neutrino beams Muons & neutrinos underground Berlin, 1 October 2009 Tom Gaisser 1 Atmospheric neutrinos Produced by cosmic-ray
More informationAgenda for Ast 309N, Sep. 6. The Sun s Core: Site of Nuclear Fusion. Transporting Energy by Radiation. Transporting Energy by Convection
Agenda for Ast 309N, Sep. 6 The Sun s Core: Site of Nuclear Fusion Feedback on card of 9/04 Internal structure of the Sun Nuclear fusion in the Sun (details) The solar neutrino problem and its solution
More informationNeutrino Pendulum. A mechanical model for 3-flavor Neutrino Oscillations
Neutrino Pendulum A mechanical model for 3-flavor Neutrino Oscillations Michael Kobel (TU Dresden) Obertrubach, 5.0.0 Schule für Astroteilchenphysik Free Oscillation of one pendulum: pendulums with same
More informationSearch for Neutron Antineutron Oscillations at Super Kamiokande I. Brandon Hartfiel Cal State Dominguez Hills May
Search for Neutron Antineutron Oscillations at Super Kamiokande I Brandon Hartfiel Cal State Dominguez Hills May 1 2007 n a neutron oscillates into an antineutron Oxygen 16 time 10 33 years π + π 0 π 0
More informationInteractions. Laws. Evolution
Lecture Origin of the Elements MODEL: Origin of the Elements or Nucleosynthesis Fundamental Particles quarks, gluons, leptons, photons, neutrinos + Basic Forces gravity, electromagnetic, nuclear Interactions
More informationarxiv:astro-ph/ v1 14 Nov 2003
Astrophysical Neutrino Telescopes A. B. McDonald SNO Institute, Queen s University, Kingston, Canada K7L 3N6 C. Spiering DESY Zeuthen, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany S. Schönert Max-Planck-Institut
More informationSolar Neutrinos: Status and Prospects. Marianne Göger-Neff
Solar Neutrinos: Status and Prospects Marianne Göger-Neff NIC 2014, Debrecen TU München Solar Neutrinos Objective of the first solar neutrino experiment: to see into the interior of a star and thus verify
More informationNeutrinos From The Sky and Through the Earth
Neutrinos From The Sky and Through the Earth Kate Scholberg, Duke University DNP Meeting, October 2016 Neutrino Oscillation Nobel Prize! The fourth Nobel for neutrinos: 1988: neutrino flavor 1995: discovery
More informationNeutrino Physics. Neutron Detector in the Aberdeen Tunnel Underground Laboratory. The Daya Bay Experiment. Significance of θ 13
Neutrino Physics Neutron Detector in the Aberdeen Tunnel Underground Laboratory John K.C. Leung Department of Physics, HKU On behalf of CUHK, LBL & IHEP Presented to HKRPS on June 21, 2007 Neutrinos have
More informationPMT Signal Attenuation and Baryon Number Violation Background Studies. By: Nadine Ayoub Nevis Laboratories, Columbia University August 5, 2011
PMT Signal Attenuation and Baryon Number Violation Background Studies By: Nadine Ayoub Nevis Laboratories, Columbia University August 5, 2011 1 The Standard Model The Standard Model is comprised of Fermions
More informationParticle Physics: Neutrinos part I
Particle Physics: Neutrinos part I José I. Crespo-Anadón Week 8: November 10, 2017 Columbia University Science Honors Program Course policies Attendance record counts Up to four absences Lateness or leaving
More informationRivelazione di neutrini solari - Borexino Lino Miramonti 6 Giugno 2006 Gran Sasso
Rivelazione di neutrini solari - Borexino Lino Miramonti 6 Giugno 2006 Gran Sasso 1 RADIOCHEMICAL Integrated in energy and time CHERENKOV Less than 0.01% of the solar neutrino flux is been measured in
More informationPurification of Liquid Scintillator and Monte Carlo Simulations of Relevant Internal Backgrounds in SNO+
Purification of Liquid Scintillator and Monte Carlo Simulations of Relevant Internal Backgrounds in SNO+ by Sarah Elizabeth Quirk A thesis submitted to the Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and
More informationNeutrino Physics: Lecture 1
Neutrino Physics: Lecture 1 Overview: discoveries, current status, future Amol Dighe Department of Theoretical Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Feb 1, 2010 Plan of the course Omnipresent
More informationPhenomenology of neutrino mixing in vacuum and matter
Phenomenology of neutrino mixing in vacuum and matter A Upadhyay 1 and M Batra 1 School of Physics and Material Science Thapar University, Patiala-147004. E-mail:mbatra310@gmail.com Abstract: During last
More informationReview of Neutrino Oscillation Experiments
Flavor Physics and CP Violation Conference, Vancouver, Review of Neutrino Oscillation Experiments M.D. Messier Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington IN, 4745, USA Several experiments have
More informationBNL Very Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Expt.
Mary Bishai, BNL 1 p.1/36 BNL Very Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Expt. Next Generation of Nucleon Decay and Neutrino Detectors 8/04/2005 Mary Bishai mbishai@bnl.gov Brookhaven National Lab. Mary Bishai,
More informationNeutron background and possibility for shallow experiments
Neutron background and possibility for shallow experiments Tadao Mitsui Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University 14-16 December, 2005 Neutrino Sciences 2005, Neutrino Geophysics, Honolulu,
More informationOutline. The Sun s Uniqueness. The Sun among the Stars. Internal Structure. Evolution. Neutrinos
Lecture 2: The Sun as a Star Outline 1 The Sun s Uniqueness 2 The Sun among the Stars 3 Internal Structure 4 Evolution 5 Neutrinos What makes the Sun Unique? Some Answers Sun is the closest star Only star
More information( Some of the ) Lateset results from Super-Kamiokande
1 ( Some of the ) Lateset results from Super-Kamiokande Yoshinari Hayato ( Kamioka, ICRR ) for the SK collaboration 1. About Super-Kamiokande 2. Solar neutrino studies in SK 3. Atmospheric neutrino studies
More informationPHY326/426 Dark Matter and the Universe. Dr. Vitaly Kudryavtsev F9b, Tel.:
PHY326/426 Dark Matter and the Universe Dr. Vitaly Kudryavtsev F9b, Tel.: 0114 2224531 v.kudryavtsev@sheffield.ac.uk Indirect searches for dark matter WIMPs Dr. Vitaly Kudryavtsev Dark Matter and the Universe
More informationStellar Interiors Nuclear Energy ASTR 2110 Sarazin. Fusion the Key to the Stars
Stellar Interiors Nuclear Energy ASTR 2110 Sarazin Fusion the Key to the Stars Energy Source for Stars For Sun, need total energy E = L t Sun = L x (10 10 years) ~ 10 51 erg N atoms = / m p ~ 10 57 atoms
More information10/20/2009. Giants, Dwarfs, and the Main Sequences. My Office Hours: Tuesday 3:30 PM - 4:30 PM 206 Keen Building. The Sun and the Stars
the The Sun and the Giants, Dwarfs, and the Main Sequences 10/20/2009 My Office Hours: Tuesday 3:30 PM - 4:30 PM 206 Keen Building the Outline 1 2 3 the Outline 1 2 3 the Solar Structure Interior structure
More informationPossible sources of very energetic neutrinos. Active Galactic Nuclei
Possible sources of very energetic neutrinos Active Galactic Nuclei 1 What might we learn from astrophysical neutrinos? Neutrinos not attenuated/absorbed Information about central engines of astrophysical
More informationNeutrino Physics II. Neutrino Phenomenology. Arcadi Santamaria. TAE 2014, Benasque, September 19, IFIC/Univ. València
Neutrino Physics II Neutrino Phenomenology Arcadi Santamaria IFIC/Univ. València TAE 2014, Benasque, September 19, 2014 Neutrino Physics II Outline 1 Neutrino oscillations phenomenology Solar neutrinos
More information