Physics Common Assessment Unit 5-8 3rd Nine Weeks

Transcription

1 1) What is the direction of the force(s) that maintain(s) circular motion? A) one force pulls the object inward toward the radial center while another force pushes the object at a right angle to the first force. B) one force pulls the object inward toward the radial center while another force balances the first force pointing outward C) only an outward force, away from the axis of rotation D) only an inward force, toward the axis of rotation 5.B Readiness 2) The table below shows data about five satellites orbiting Earth. Which satellite will experience the same magnitude of gravitational force as satellite X does in its orbit? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 5.B Readiness 1 of 12

2 3) Which set of masses will exhibit the same gravitational forces? 4m m r 4m 8m 4m 2r 2r 2r 2m 2m m A B C D A) A and B B) C and D C) B and D D) A and C 5.B Readiness 4) A stone stuck on the edge of the tire of a bicycle wheel with a radius of 0.25 m has a centripetal acceleration of 4.0 m/s 2. What would the speed of the rock be immediately after it falls off the tire? A) 0.0 m/s B) 1.0 m/s C) 2.5 m/s D) 4.0 m/s 5.B Readiness 5) An object weighs 100 Newtons on Earth s surface. When it is moved to a point one Earth radius above Earth s surface, it will weigh A) 25.0 N B) 50.0 N C) 100 N D) 400 N 5.B Readiness 2 of 12

3 6) The pressure of a gas is increasing within sealed container of fixed volume. Four students are asked to explain what must be happening on a molecular level for this to occur. The students explanation are shown in the table. Which student best explains the increase in gas pressure? A) Student 1 B) Student 2 C) Student 3 D) Student 4 6.E. Supporting 7) Identify, in the order given, the following examples of heat transfer: Boiling an egg, microwaving an egg, and frying an egg. A) conduction, convection, radiation B) convection, conduction, radiation C) conduction, radiation, convection D) convection, radiation, conduction 6.F Supporting 3 of 12

4 8) The diagram below shows a closed system of two tanks that each contain water. When the valve between the two tanks of water opened, the temperature of the water in each tank changes. What is the equilibrium temperature to the nearest whole degree Celsius? A) 52 o C B) 46 o C C) 92 o C D) 100 o C 6.G Supporting 9) When an egg is broken and scrambled, the entropy of the system- A) increases, and the total entropy of the universe increases. B) decreases, and the total entropy of the universe increases. C) increases, and the total entropy of the universe decreases. D) decreases, and the total entropy of the universe decreases. 6.G Supporting 10) The graph below represents the displacement of a particle in a medium over a period of time. The amplitude of the wave is A) 4.0 cm B) 5.0 cm C) 4.0 s D) 8.0 s 7.B Readiness 4 of 12

5 11) Which wave diagram has both wavelength (λ) and amplitude (A) labeled correctly? A) (1) B) (2) C) (3) D) (4) 7.B Readiness 12) Which statement best explains the difference between light waves traveling through a vacuum and light waves traveling through a medium? A) Light waves traveling through a vacuum are transverse, but light waves traveling through a medium are longitudinal. B) Light waves traveling through a vacuum travel faster than light waves traveling through a medium. C) Light waves traveling through a vacuum have no mass, but light waves traveling through a medium have a mass greater than zero. D) Light waves traveling through a vacuum have a shorter wavelength than light waves traveling through a medium. 7.A Supporting 5 of 12

6 13) A longitudinal wave moves to the right through a uniform medium, as shown below. Points A, B, C, D, and E represent the positions of particles of the medium. Which diagram best represents the motion of the particle at position C as the wave moves to the right? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 7.C Supporting 14) Increasing the amplitude of a sound wave produces a sound with A) a higher pitch. B) greater loudness. C) a lower pitch. D) less loudness. 7.B Readiness 15) A musical note has a frequency of 512 Hz. If the wavelength of the note is m, what is the speed of the sound of that note? A) 345 m/s B) 351 m/s C) 841 m/s D) m/s 7.B Readiness 6 of 12

7 16) Which of the following variables are inversely related? A) frequency and period B) wavelength and period C) frequency and wave speed D) wavelength and wave speed 7.B Readiness 17) A ringing bell is located in a chamber. When the air is removed from the chamber, why can the bell be seen vibrating but not be heard? A) Light waves can travel through a vacuum, but sound waves cannot. B) Sound waves have smaller amplitude than light waves. C) Sound waves have lower frequencies than light waves. D) Light waves travel much faster than sound waves. 7.C Supporting 18) As a transverse wave travels through a medium, the individual particles of the medium move A) both perpendicular to and parallel to the direction of wave travel. B) perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. C) parallel to the direction of wave travel. D) in a circular pattern. 7.C Supporting 19) Which of the following statements best describes the motion of air molecules that transmit sound waves? A) The air molecules oscillate parallel to the direction of propagation and move along with the wave. B) The air molecules oscillate parallel to the direction of propagation and remain in the same general position. C) The air molecules oscillate perpendicular to the direction of propagation while moving along with the wave. D) The air molecules oscillate perpendicular to the direction of propagation while remaining in the same general position. 7.C Supporting 7 of 12

8 20) Compared to a photon of red light, a photon of blue light has a A) greater energy. B) longer wavelength. C) smaller momentum. D) lower frequency. 7.C Supporting 21) The diagram below shows two pulses of equal amplitude, A, approaching point P along a uniform string. When the two pulses meet at P, the vertical displacement of the string at P will be A) 2A B) A C) A/2 D) 0 7.A. Supporting 22) Students use the setup shown below for a lab activity. The setup is most useful for demonstrating- A) absorption B) diffraction C) resonance D) refraction 7.D Readiness 8 of 12

9 23) A star observed by scientists is known to be moving away from Earth. Which statement best explains this fact? A) The star is blue-shifting, evidence of the Doppler Effect as wavelengths decrease. B) The star is blue-shifting, evidence of the Doppler Effect as wavelengths increase. C) The star is red-shifting, evidence of the Doppler Effect as wavelengths decrease. D) The star is red-shifting, evidence of the Doppler Effect as wavelengths increase. 7.D Readiness 24) A laser beam is directed at the surface of a smooth, calm pond as represented in the diagram below. Which organisms could be illuminated by the laser light? A) Bird and Fish B) Bird and Seaweed C) Crab and Seaweed D) Crab and Fish 7.D Readiness 25) Identify the rays from the diagram in the following order: the angle of reflection, the angle of refraction, and incident angle. A) α γ φ B) β γ φ C) γ φ β D) γ φ α 7.D Readiness 9 of 12

10 26) A 256-Hertz vibrating tuning fork is brought near a non-vibrating 256-Hertz tuning fork. The second tuning fork begins to vibrate. Which phenomenon causes the non-vibrating tuning fork to begin to vibrate? A) resistance B) resonance C) refraction D) reflection 7.D Readiness 27) The diagram below shows a series of wave fronts approaching an opening in a barrier. Point P is located on the opposite side of the barrier. The wave fronts reach point P as a result of A) resonance B) refraction C) reflection D) diffraction 7.D Readiness 28) A wave is diffracted as it passes through an opening in a barrier. The amount of diffraction that the wave experiences is dependent on A) wavelength and speed of the incident wave. B) amplitude and frequency of the incident wave. C) amplitude of the incident wave and the size of the opening. D) wavelength of the incident wave and the size of the opening. 7.D Readiness 29) An object is placed 12.0 cm in front of a thin converging lens along the principal axis. If a real image forms behind the lens at a distance of 24.0 cm from the lens, what is the focal length of the lens? A) 2.0 cm B) 8.0 cm C) 12.0 cm D) 24.0 cm 7.E Supporting 10 of 12

11 30) An engineer is designing an instrument to examine the interior of a piece of wood without cutting it. The engineer decides to pass electromagnetic radiation through the wood to a detector on the other side. Which type of electromagnetic radiation would be most suitable for this investigation? A) Visible light B) Radio waves C) Ultraviolet light D) X-rays 7.F Supporting 11 of 12