PHOTON - REALITY OR FICTION 1

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1 1. INTRODUCTION PHOTON - REALITY OR FICTION 1 Milos Abadzic, Belgrade, Serbia, milabster@gmail.com It is indicative that we now, after more than a hundred years, ask the question what is the nature of light, or the photons. At the same time, many principles of modern physics based on this concept and its characteristics. Is it meant that with this kind of symposium's title implicitly advocating change the nature of electromagnetic waves (EMW) and photons as accepted their carrier? In this matter we must be aware that changes their characteristics mean a review and certainly correction of many laws and postures that ruled within the physics. In my opinion, it is extremely time to do it but I doubt that the majority of scientific community is ready for such a step. This my attitude about the need for changes based on the NMN model of nature, that I have developed (Natural Model of Nature), and which in the other light present nature of EMW. In this matter, I could not avoid two issues that are closely related to this nature: the speed and quantum of light. 2. THE NATURE OF EMW. In the article [1] is shown in more detail the nature of EMW, and I will here mention only their main characteristics. 1. The starting point is that nature makes three basic substances, and that all phenomena, processes and phenomenon's forms in it are the result of the interaction of these substances and forms of their structuring. They have particle's nature, dimensional far below the known particles and are located at the level that I call subelemental level. These substances are: Physical: Material with particles called materions, Electrical with particles called electrions, Non-physical (the mental with particles called menions). Each of these substances forms their subelemental system (SES) with evenly distributed and mutually balanced each other particles in the universe in which it takes the appropriate subelemental processes. A characteristic of this system is its reactive acting on the energetically disturbances with a tendency to amortize these. The disturbances have form of kinetic energy, which transform to potential energy and represent the violation of balanced state of the system. Energetically level of interaction of components of these systems is above the capabilities of available sources to destroy it. Energetically processes only lead to the transition process in the SES, which represent oscillation their components around their balanced position. On subelemental level (SEN) occur in an interactive process between components of the 1 This article is written on the occasion of SPIE s conference The Nature of Light: What are Photons?

2 same kind corresponding substances. With electromagnetic processes, such as electromagnetic waves that the carriers are elections, the influence can be primarily by electromagnetic processes. Exceptions are periods in the life of the universe, when in some of its parts come to a significant structural change, which is far behind us, as well as the potentials new in the distant future, so in this article I do not look at them. 2. On the any violation the disposition of the particles in one balanced system it reacting reactive with the ambition to return the system in balanced state. Because of inertia the process of establishing the balanced state has oscillation character. Electromagnetic influence affects some electrion or more of them in one location, and ejects it from balanced position. Because of this reaction system electrion seeks to return to original position and created a transitional period oscillation s type during which come to transformation type kinetic energy potential energy. Movement affected particles followed by the appearance of changeable electrostatic and magnetic fields that act to the neighboring electrions and lead to their movements. This process is transferred from the place of origin of disturbance to the surrounding particles, from them on their neighboring and the process is spread across the space until it stifles itself by influence of the followed parasite processes. In such a way, the process started on one particle is transferred in the form of momentum through the space and that initial particle cannot leave your location, except that oscillate around it. 3. By the natural processes cannot get to appear singularities of any kind. If in our considerations appears it is the result of incorrect physical or mathematical models of the observed processes. So each process has its period of the establishing no matter how much he was short. This period is characterized by the system's time constant, whose size depends on the momentum of disturbance and the energy state of the system. For the balanced systems their energetically state is constant and time constant will depend on the momentum of disturbance, especially by the speed of movement as its characteristic. To the momentum be transferred from one particle to another, what represents the natural process; it takes some time, which depends on the characteristics of the disturbance and the system. With higher the speed of particles, which brings disturbance into the system, it will be more quickly the transmission of disturbance across the space. The process of activation of neighboring particles is continued until it found a barrier to which, through the appropriate electromagnetic process, transferee all available energy. This model of electromagnetic wave means: Electromagnetic waves are the processes that are the carriers the physical electrical particles are arranged in subelemental system spreader across the universe. Process is transferred from the particles to the particles of SES by the electromagnetic processes caused oscillation of the carriers around their balanced position. This eliminate the assumption that a carrier of EMW, no matter what his characteristics attributed to it, is moving continues from the source to a sensor, or obstacles, which absorbed its energy. Speed of EMW is not speed of the movement some particles already speed of spreading the processes who s the carriers are physical particles with certain characteristics. In essence, the magnitude, which we assigned as the speed of EMW, is the sum of time delay of momentum transmission from one to the other particle reduced to 1 [s]. It depends on the characteristics of the system through which the process spreads and frequency of particle's oscillation, or on value of momentum, which appears as an energetically disturbance of the system.

3 Planck constant represents energy of oscillation of the carriers the process EMW reduced to one oscillation s period, regardless of the frequency. Its value is constant and reflects the characteristics of SES and particles that are responsible for these waves. This model cast in a completely different light on the EMW: their activation, spreading and interacting with the particles in the environment, were they independent or a component of complex material structures. The model is based on physical magnitudes and laws. In it there is no dualism and inconsistencies on that is based the existing model of EMW. The problem of this model, or his good side, is that requires the review and, very likely, more change of the attitudes that have founded modern physics. 2. WHAT IS PHOTON THEN? Would we have in mind this model of EMW than is logically the question: "What is the photon? I think the answer is very short, "NOTHING." To this conclusion must be reached much earlier, because the magnitude with following basically characteristics cannot be a carrier of physical processes: Photon doesn't have an electrical charge. Energy of photons is determined by Planck's expression E = h f, where h is Planck constant and f frequency of EMW. Photon s rest mass is equal to zero, but it changes with the speed s movement on the mysterious way. Speed of the photon is equal to speed of light c. Photon can be particle or wave. Photon is a carrier of electromagnetic force. No physically magnitudes, especially very important for understanding natural phenomena and processes, which have so many contradictions as photons. Let's look at them only briefly. Electric charge is unavoidable magnitude in all electrostatic and electromagnetic processes and in EMW too. What the mechanism or process allows photons to be a carrier of EMW? The photon energy, or EMW, determined by the above expression, which is for EMW the result of the experimental research, and was attributed to the photons regardless that it, according its physical characteristics, is not justified. Rest mass m o should be a mass of immovable particle and, according to theory Relativity; it changes with speed and by c given the value. In the case of photons is calculated to be m o = 0. Counting with E as energy of EMW and speed of photons equal to c using the mathematical formalism is carried out so that a photon should have a mass equal E h f (1) m 2 2 c c From this is concluded, since the photon has mass and speed, that there is a momentum of photons, which is equal to (2) p m c h f c

4 Conclusion would be logical that his background is not the only mathematical formalism instead of the basic physical laws. In addition, conclusions are generalizing so, according to the postures of quantum mechanics, says that to any particle or material structure, which has the momentum, can be attributed as wave. Everything would be nice but without the question: "What is the nature of photon's momentum?" If the EMW phenomenon or process electrical nature then its mass should be performed to have the character of electric charge that exist, implicitly or explicitly, in all the analysis of electromagnetic processes. If the rest mass and electric charge of photons equal to zero, which is then the nature of derived mass and momentum? The speed of light is the speed of photons. This conclusion raises several questions: Who is emiter or create this particle? Who and how gives the momentum which it has? In physics this is achieved by the activities of a force on the mass or electric charge, through which the specific process and time, reaches final value of momentum and speed of movement observable particles, which in this case should be the speed c. Here we meet the problem of the singularity too, because photon starts its moving with the speed c. Which magnitudes affect the value of speed c, and which is the mechanism of their influence? Photon may be wave or particle on its way from source to target. What is it and how to decide and implemented variant of this movement? It should clarify the term wave and speed of movement: What that means a photon has wave characteristics? Does this mean that its path has a wavy form or that by liner movement its speed change cyclical with frequency f? Which input quantities values, then determine the photon's momentum. Photon is moving with speed c when not wave, or when it is the wave also spread with speed c. Answers to these questions should be sought and given taking into account the known physical laws and not use the mathematical formalism. Photon is the carrier of electromagnetic force and allows the appropriate interactive processes between the particles and within more complex material structures. In order to accept such an attitude, it is necessary to give an explanatory answer to the followed question: "Which a characteristic magnitude is decisive for such function of photons and whit which mechanism it realize that?" Simply is incredibly that such a controversial magnitude kept in use so long. It seems to me that a variant with ether insufficiently defined characteristics were more favorable than such photons. But never is too late to rectify the errors and this with photons too. Would be a model above mentioned this, or some other not important. It is important that the processes of electromagnetic wave correlate to the physical system of particles where the electrical charge is one of the basic characteristics. 3. TWO ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS AT EMW In the article [1] is also mentioned and the problem of quantization, which is present at EMW. With regard to EMW quantization has conditional character and refers to the experimentally determined data on accurately certain condition. In this case that is the value of the energy

5 during a period T regardless of the frequency and this value is constant. During these period energy EMW is continual changes in the range between zero and some maximum value as the consequence of continual movement electrion as a carrier of this process. It may, therefore, speak as a constant value only within a period observed wave process and it is an integral value of time changing the energy function. Otherwise there would be the discontinuity in the movement of the carrier of not only wave process, but also any other process in nature. In essence it would mean that the process is temporarily stopped until it had gathered new quantum energy. The second question is related to the speed of EMW, which identify with the continual movement of photons, whether the linear or wavy. It gives the character a mechanical movement of bodies in space, adding a number of physical unsubstantiated attributes to its. Analysis shows that this model of EMW is unacceptable. According to this analysis, the EMW is a process that spread across space filled with subelemental particles connected to one locality in the space of the universe. Their movement is oscillation and through electromagnetic influence is transferred from the particle to the particle. This transfer spends some time and we can speak about time delete. The sum of these delay, reduced to 1 [s], represents the spreading speed of this process and not the speed of movement of particles that participate in this process and are its carrier. Thus defined speed of spreading EMW is an additional reason for checking of many basically attitudes within modern physics. 4. CONCLUSIONS. From the above analysis follows: 1. EMW is a physical process and must be located in the milieu of certain physical characteristics, regardless of how this milieu would be called. 2. Carrier of this process can be just the physical magnitudes of which the electric charge will be its basic characteristics. 3. With the introduction of quantization in the physical processes should be cautious and aware that it has a conditional character linked to the correct certain conditions in which the appropriate process takes place and that it would be acceptable. 4. EMT speed is not speed of bodies already spreading of physical process and does not need is to bring in correlation with the mechanical movement of material structures and bodies. Taking into account the presented attitudes it seems that is finally ask the right question when we observe EMT and accompanying phenomena and processes. We can hope that the conference with the slogan "The Nature of Light: What are photons?" start the process of providing the answers to the mentioned and other issues, and represent a necessary turning point in the observation and understanding of nature in all its complexity. Perhaps this article could represent the initiative and, I hopefully, a basis for such a change, or to discuss about this turning point. In any case, it represents an attempt that EMW obtain the natural background and fit inside the natural ambient with realistic characteristics. REFERENCE [1] M.Abadzic: Quantization and some problems with its, 16th NPA Conference 2009.