Oracle Bone Divination in Early China

Transcription

1 Divination and Power: A Multiregional View of the Development of Oracle Bone Divination in Early China The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Flad, Rowan Divination and power: A multi-regional view of the development of oracle bone divination in early China. Current Anthropology 49(3): Published Version Citable link Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.instrepos:dash.current.terms-ofuse#laa

2 Site Andi Beicun Beicun Table 3: Sites with oracle bones mentioned in the text with taxon of bone (when known) and published frequency. Actual frequency at the site may be considerably more than listed. X indicates presence when frequency is not listed and individual bones are not discussed. Era codes: N= Neolithic; C=Chalcolithic; E=Early Bronze Age; EL=Early Bronze Age; =Early Middle Bronze Age; M=Middle Bronze Age; L= Bronze Age; LL= Bronze Age; = Middle Bronze Age Era Culture Phase Yinxu II-III Early Early ? Lee 1981a Many Many 1 2 Lee 1981a Lee 1981a Caoyuanzhuang C Longshan Caoyuanzhuang Chengziya C Longshan Chengziya Dachangshan C Longshan Dahezhuang C Qijia Dashanqian E Xiajiadian Approx. Date BC OB Tot. Bone OB Tot. Shell OB Tot. Turtle Cattle Pig Deer Sheep Unid. / Other Mam. Fish Pretreat ed Bones Multistage pretreat. Reference Notes 1125 X 0 0 X X 0 SSKY Many 0 0 X X 0 SSKYSZS & BDKSZS 1988 SSKYSZS & BDKSZS 1988 et al Beiyingtai Beiyingyangying 1000 Many 0 0 X X X 0 NB X Lee 1981a Lee 1981a ZKKYGG Many 0 0 X X X 0 0 SDL Many 0 0 X X X X 0 SDL 1995 No #. >2 Cattle skull frag. Many turtle frag. Some cattle scap. pretreat. "Several" lg. mammal scap. OB

3 Donghuishan E Siba Yinxu I-IV Dongxiafeng E Erlitou I Dongxiafeng E Erlitou II Dongxiafeng E Erlitou III Dongxiafeng Erlitou IV 1200 Many 0 0 X Most X X SDL Many 0 0 X Most X X SDL Many 0 0 Most X X X SDL X X X X X X X SDL 1995 GSWKY & JDK X 40 X X 17 X 0 Dongxiafeng ELB Dongxianxian A Zhou Upper Dongyin Erlitou E Erlitou I 1700 X 0 0 X X X Erlitou E Erlitou II 1610 X 0 0 X X X Erlitou E Erlitou III 1550 Many 0 0 X X X Erlitou Erlitou IV 1450 Many 0 0 X X X 0 0 Erlitou 1425 Few X Fangchijie Sanxingdui SSKY & XXB CSBK & CSWKY 2003 Tot. for phases I-V. (Not separate in SDL 1995) "A few" OB Cattle scap. Pretreat. Other scap. not. Cattle scap. Pretreat. Other scap. not. Cattle scap. Pretreat. Other scap. not.

4 Fucheng Baijiazhuang Fuhegoumen N Fuhe Fujiamen N Upper Gejiazhuang Gejiazhuang Yinxu I-II Jiangoucun C Longshan Jiangoucun Kangjia C Longshan Lewangmiao E Xiajiadian Lijiaya Yinxu II Liulihe Luoyang Mingong Rd. East Mingong Rd. East Mingong Rd. East Nanguanwai Nanguanwai ELB A ELB A E Huanweihui Qingnianggongyu Huimin Middle School Yuan & Qin ZSKYNG Venture Many OB. deer, sheep 1425 Many c scap a Lee 1981a ? Lee 1981a Dog scap ref.= "mostly deer, pig, and sheep" (p. 22) X X X SSKYKK 1988, Lee 1981b Zhang & Lu Zhou Many 0 Many Many All X LK 1997 LSWG Zhou ZSWKY Upper ZSWKY People's Park ZSWKY Phase Luodamiao "Dozens" of OB. 3 with characters.

5 Nanguanwai Upper X X X X 74 Many Nanshangeng E Xiajiadian Lee 1981b Upper Panlongcheng People's Park People's Park Phase ELB Li Ling Qijiacun A Zhou Many 0 Many Many All X 2000b BDKWX Quliang E Erlitou BDKWX Quliang et po C Longshan al Shaocai E Erlitou II b Shaocai E Erlitou III b Shaocai Erlitou IV b Shaocai X b ZSW et al. Shijia E Yueshi Taikoucun C Longshan Lee 1981a Middle ; Li & Taixi X X Tang 1982 ZSKYS & Taosi C Longshan SLXW Xiajiadian E Xiajiadian Lee 1981b Early HSQGK Xianglushi All turtle plast. frags pretreated. Many mammal scap. also. Double divination hollows Xianglushi HSQGK 1995

6 L Xianglushi Xiaoshuangqiao Zhou Baijiazhuang Xiaozhao E Erlitou Xiapanwang C Longshan Xiawanggang N Yangshao? Xiawanggang C Longshan Xiawanggang E Erlitou Xiawanggang Xiiapanwang L Xinzhongji C Longshan HSQGK et al ZSKYSG Lee 1981a or and & 1989: 263 & 1989: 306 & 1989: 331 Zhou Early Lee 1981a Lee 1981a One OB in report. Sheep OR deer bone. Yangbai C Longshan Yangtouwa Yanshi cheng Yinjiacheng Yinxu C Early Yuanqu Gucheng E Erlitou SDLKZ et al Lee 1981a 1400 Some 0 0 X X X X 1050 Many Many Many Many Many Many Many ZSKYHDE GD 1995, 1999 SDLKJ 1990 ZLBK et al. 1996; ZLBK & SSKY 1997a "Many" OB. Mostly nonpretreated sheep scap. Some pretreated cattle scap.

7 Yuanqu Gucheng Yuanqu Gucheng Upper Zhaizita N Ashan Zhengzhou Zhengzhou E Luodamiao Many 0 0 X X X X X X X 3 0 ZLBK et al. 1996; ZLBK & SSKY 1997a, 1997b ZLBK et al. 1996; ZLBK & SSKY 1997a, 1997b NWKY , 2003 Zhengzhou Upper G 1959 Sanxingdui Zhongba Flad 2004 ELB Zhongba A Wazhadi Many X Flad 2004 LLB Qingyanggong Zhongba A Most X Flad 2004 Huang Yunping Zhukaigou E Erlitou X BDKSZ & Zhumazui Yinxu I-II 1200 X 0 0 X X 0 SSKY 2000 Many OB. sheep scap. Many OB. deer, & sheep scap. Some cattle bones pretreated. Many OB. deer, sheep scap. Some cattle bones pretreated. Simple pretreat.