1. What is a unifying principle that explains a body of experimental observations? Law Hypothesis Theory Phenomena Prediction

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1 Page 1 of 23 This chapter has 129 questions. Scroll down to see and select individual questions or narrow the list using the checkboxes below. 0 questions at random and keep in order s - (81) - (54) True/False Questions - (14) - (26) Fill In The Blank Questions - (12) - (49) s - (22) - (27) Odd Numbered - (65) - (52) Even Numbered - (64) - (61) Blooms: 1. Remember - (3) - (39) - (23) Subtopic: Scientific Method - (10) - (64) - (64) - (37) - (129) Blooms: 5. Evaluate - (2) 1. What is a unifying principle that explains a body of experimental observations? Law Hypothesis Theory Phenomena Prediction MC Qu. 1 What is a unifying principle that... Subtopic: Scientific Method 2. What is defined as a tentative explanation for observations that are made that result in the formulation of this concept? Law Hypothesis Theory Phenomena Prediction MC Qu. 2 What is defined as a tentative What is the term used for findings that are summarized based on a pattern or trend? Law Hypothesis Theory Phenomena Prediction MC Qu. 3 What is the term used for Which of the following activities is not a part of good science? Proposing a theory Developing a hypothesis Making quantitative observations Designing experiments Indulging in speculation Subtopic: Scientific Method Subtopic: Scientific Method MC Qu. 4 Which of the following activities is Which one of the following is a "substance" in the sense of the word as used in your textbook? Air Tap water Sea water Water Toothpaste Subtopic: Scientific Method MC Qu. 5 Which one of the following is...

2 Page 2 of Which of the following cannot be separated into a simpler substance by chemical means? Element Emulsion Compound Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture MC Qu. 6 Which of the following cannot be If a liquid contains 60% sugar and 40% water throughout its composition then what is it called? Solute Compound Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture Solvent MC Qu. 7 If a liquid contains sugar Which of the following does not have a uniform composition throughout? Element Compound Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture Solvent MC Qu. 8 Which of the following does not Which of the following is not an SI base unit? Meter Ampere Second Gram Kelvin MC Qu. 9 Which of the following is not The SI base unit of mass is mg g kg metric ton lb MC Qu. 10 The SI base unit of mass The SI prefix mega- (M) means MC Qu. 11 The SI prefix mega- (M) means The SI prefixes milli- and mega- represent, respectively: Blooms: 1. Remember Blooms: 1. Remember

3 Page 3 of and and and and and 10 3 MC Qu. 12 The SI prefixes milli- and mega How many micrograms are in 65.3 kg? μg μg μg μg μg Blooms: 1. Remember MC Qu. 13 How many micrograms are in A dose of medication was prescribed to be 35 microliters. Which of the following expresses that volume in centiliters? cl cl 3.5 cl cl cl MC Qu. 14 A dose of medication was prescribed How many milliliters is L? 0.55 ml 5.5 ml 0.5 ml ml 182 ml MC Qu. 15 How many milliliters is? How many hertz is MHz? Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz MC Qu. 16 How many hertz is? The distance between carbon atoms in ethylene is 134 picometers. Which of the following expresses that distance in meters? m m m m

4 Page 4 of m MC Qu. 17 The distance between carbon atoms in Which of these quantities represents the largest mass? mg kg μg cg 10.0 dg MC Qu. 18 Which of these quantities represents the The mass of a sample is 550 milligrams. Which of the following expresses that mass in kilograms? kg kg kg kg kg MC Qu. 19 The mass of a sample is The average distance between the Earth and the Moon is 240,000 miles. Express this distance in kilometers. (1 mi = 1609 m) km km km km km MC Qu. 20 The average distance between the Earth How many inches are in cm? (1 in = 2.54 cm)? in in 151 in in 972 in MC Qu. 21 How many inches are in How many cubic inches are in 1.00 liter? (1 in = 2.54 cm) 61.0 in in in in 3 none of them MC Qu. 22 How many cubic inches are in...

5 Page 5 of Convert 500. milliliters to quarts. (1 L = qt) 1.88 qt qt qt qt qt MC Qu. 23 Convert 500. milliliters to quarts Given that 1 inch = 2.54 cm, 1.00 cm 3 is equal to 16.4 in in in in in 3 MC Qu. 24 Given that 1 inch A large pizza has a diameter of 15 inches. Express this diameter in centimeters. (1 in = 2.54 cm) 38 cm 24 cm 18 cm 9.3 cm 5.9 cm MC Qu. 25 A large pizza has a diameter The average distance between the Earth and the Moon is 240,000 miles. Express this distance in meters. (1 mi = 1609 m) m m m m m MC Qu. 26 The average distance between the Earth What is the volume in milliliters of a 32.0 fl oz can of juice? (1 fl oz = 29.6 ml) 1.08 ml 947 ml ml 0.95 ml 1.1 ml MC Qu. 27 What is the volume in milliliters How many mm 3 are in 16.7cm 3? mm 3

6 Page 6 of mm mm mm mm 3 MC Qu. 28 How many mm are A patient in the hospital is running a temperature of 39.5 C, what is this in Fahrenheit? 99 F F F F 104 F MC Qu. 29 A patient in the hospital is If normal body temperature is 98.6 F then what is this in Celsius? 34 C 35.5 C 36.4 C 37.0 C 38.7 C MC Qu. 30 If normal body temperature is Express F in C C 64.4 C 67.8 C C C MC Qu. 31 Express F in C The boiling point for liquid helium is 4.0 K, what is the temperature in Fahrenheit? F F F F F MC Qu. 32 The boiling point for liquid helium If the temperature is 38.0 F then what is the temperature in kelvins? 3.33 K K K K K

7 Page 7 of 23 MC Qu. 33 If the temperature is 38.0 F then Dry ice (carbon dioxide) changes from a solid to a gas at 78.5 C. What is this temperature in F? 173 F 12.6 F 109 F 75.6 F none of them are within 2 F of the right answer MC Qu. 34 Dry ice (carbon dioxide) changes from The boiling point for liquid nitrogen is 77 K, what is the temperature in Fahrenheit? 127 F 289 F 321 F 177 F 662 F MC Qu. 35 The boiling point for liquid nitrogen Acetone, which is used as a solvent and as a reactant in the manufacture of Plexiglas, boils at 56.1 C. What is the boiling point in degrees Fahrenheit? 159 F 133 F 101 F 69.0 F 43.4 F MC Qu. 36 Acetone, which is used as a Isopropyl alcohol, commonly known as rubbing alcohol, boils at 82.4 C. What is the boiling point in kelvins? K K K K K MC Qu. 37 Isopropyl alcohol, commonly known as rubbing Acetic acid boils at F. What is its boiling point in degrees Celsius? C C C C C MC Qu. 38 Acetic acid boils at F. What...

8 Page 8 of What is the volume of a container that contains 14.3 g of a substance having a density of g/cm 3? 14.1 cm cm cm cm cm 3 MC Qu. 39 What is the volume of a If you have a graduated cylinder containing 15.5 ml and this volume changes to 95.2 ml after a metal with a mass of 7.95 g is dropped into the graduated cylinder then what is the density of this metal? g/ml g/ml g/ml 10.0 g/ml g/ml MC Qu. 40 If you have a graduated cylinder The density of mercury, the only metal to exist as a liquid at room temperature, is 13.6 g/cm 3. What is that density in pounds per cubic inch? (1 in = 2.54 cm; 1 lb = 454 g) 849 lb/in lb/in lb/in lb/in lb/in 3 MC Qu. 41 The density of mercury, the only Radio waves travel at the speed of light which is m/s. How many minutes does it take for a radio message to reach Earth from Saturn if Saturn is km from Earth? min min min 44 min 2.6 min MC Qu. 42 Radio waves travel at the speed The speed needed to escape the pull of Earth's gravity is 11.3 km/s. What is this speed in mi/h? (1 mile = 1609 m) 65,500 mi/h 25,300 mi/h 18,200 mi/h 1,090 mi/h mi/h MC Qu. 43 The speed needed to escape the...

9 Page 9 of Radio waves travel at the speed of light which is m/s. How many kilometers will radio messages to outer space travel in exactly one year? ( days = 1 y) km km km km km MC Qu. 44 Radio waves travel at the speed The diameter of Earth is 12.7 Mm. Express this diameter in centimeters cm cm cm cm cm MC Qu. 45 The diameter of Earth is Some molecules move with speeds approaching the "escape velocity" from Earth, which is 7.0 miles per second. What is this speed in cm/h? (1 mi = 1609 m) 313 cm/h cm/h cm/h cm/h cm/h MC Qu. 46 Some molecules move with speeds approaching The city of Los Angeles is now approximately 2400 miles south of Alaska. It is moving slowly northward as the San Andreas fault slides along. If Los Angeles is to arrive near Anchorage, Alaska, in 76 million years, at what average rate will it have to move in mm per month? (1 mi = 1609 m) mm/mo mm/mo. 4.2 mm/mo. 9.5 mm/mo. 51 mm/mo. MC Qu. 47 The city of Los Angeles is Which of the following speeds is the greatest? (1 mi = 1609 m) 40 mi/h mm/min 40 km/h 0.74 km/min 400 m/min

10 Page 10 of 23 MC Qu. 48 Which of the following speeds is... Blooms: 5. Evaluate 49. Iron has a density of 7.87 g/cm 3. What mass of iron would be required to cover a football playing surface of 120 yds 60. yds to a depth of 1.0 mm? (1 inch = 2.54 cm) 76 kg 47 Mg g g g MC Qu. 49 Iron has a density of The recommended daily allowance (RDA) of calcium is 1.2 g. Calcium carbonate contains 12.0% calcium by mass. How many grams of calcium carbonate are needed to provide the RDA of calcium? 0.10 g 0.14 g 1.2 g 10. g 14 g MC Qu. 50 The recommended daily allowance One of the common intravenous fluids, called physiological saline, is a homogeneous mixture of NaCl in water. In this mixture, 0.89% of the mass is contributed by the NaCl. What mass of NaCl is found in 450. ml of physiological saline? (Given: density of physiological saline = g/cm 3 ) 2.0 g 4.0 g 5.1 g 508 g 400 g MC Qu. 51 One of the common intravenous fluids An empty flask's mass is g, its mass is g when filled with water at 20.0 C (density = g/ml). The density of heavy water at 20.0 C is g/ml. What is the mass of the flask when filled with heavy water at 20.0 C? g g g g g MC Qu. 52 An empty flask s mass is A flask has a mass of g when empty and g when filled with water. When the same flask is filled with concentrated sulfuric acid, H 2 SO 4, its mass is g. What is the density of concentrated sulfuric acid? (Assume water has a density of 1.00 g/cm 3 at the temperature of the measurement.) g/cm g/cm g/cm g/cm g/cm 3

11 Page 11 of 23 MC Qu. 53 A flask has a mass of Talc is a mineral that has low conductivity for heat and electricity and that is not attacked by acid. It is used in talcum powder and face powder. A sample of talc weighs g in air and g in mineral oil (d = 1.75 g/cm 3 ). What is the density of talc? 4.61 g/cm g/cm g/cm g/cm g/cm 3 MC Qu. 54 Talc is a mineral that has Which of the following is an example of an observation? Gases expand as their temperature increases because the gas molecules are moving more rapidly. Paraffin wax begins to melt at 57 C. Three samples of wax are heated to 75 C. The force acting on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration. Will all waxes melt at the same temperature? MC Qu. 55 Which of the following is an Which of the following is a chemical change? Boiling of water Melting wax Broiling a steak on a grill Condensing water vapor into rainfall Carving a piece of wood MC Qu. 56 Which of the following is a Which of these is an example of a physical property? Corrosiveness of sulfuric acid Toxicity of cyanide Flammability of gasoline Neutralization of stomach acid with an antacid Lead becomes a liquid when heated to 601 C MC Qu. 57 Which of these is an example Which one of these represents a physical change? Water, when heated, forms steam Bleach turns hair yellow Sugar, when heated, becomes brown Milk turns sour Apples, when exposed to air, turn brown MC Qu. 58 Which one of these represents a Which one of these represents a chemical change? Boiling water to form steam Subtopic: Scientific Method

12 Page 12 of 23 Turning hair yellow with bleach Melting butter Mixing powdered charcoal and oxygen at room temperature Cutting a bar of sodium metal into pieces with a knife MC Qu. 59 Which one of these represents a Which of the following is an extensive property of oxygen? Boiling point Temperature Average kinetic energy of molecules Density Mass MC Qu. 60 Which of the following is an When the value of something does not depend on the amount of the matter then what is this called? Empirical property Intensive property Inclusive property Extensive property Exclusive property MC Qu. 61 When the value of something does Which of the following is an extensive property? Density Temperature Mass Specific Heat Pressure MC Qu. 62 Which of the following is an The number has how many significant figures? MC Qu. 63 The number After carrying out the operation ( ) 8.221, how many significant figures are appropriate to show in the result? MC Qu. 64 After carrying out the operations below How many significant figures are in ? 3 4

13 Page 13 of MC Qu. 65 How many significant figures are in The result of ( ) 5.98 is properly written as MC Qu. 66 The result of Select the answer with the correct number of decimal places for the following sum: cm cm cm = cm cm cm cm cm MC Qu. 67 Select the answer with the correct How many significant figures does the sum contain? MC Qu. 68 How many significant figures does the Select the answer that expresses the result of this calculation with the correct number of significant figures = MC Qu. 69 Select the answer that expresses the Which is correct if is rewritten in scientific notation? MC Qu. 70 Which is correct if You prepare ml of tea and transfer it to a 1.00 quart pitcher for storage. Which of the following statements is true? (1 L = qt) The pitcher will be filled to 100% of its capacity with no tea spilled. The pitcher will be filled to about 95% of its capacity. The pitcher will be filled to about 50% of its capacity.

14 Page 14 of 23 The pitcher will be completely filled and a small amount of tea will overflow. The pitcher will be completely filled and most of the tea will overflow. Blooms: 5. Evaluate MC Qu. 71 You prepare ml of tea Which is correct if is rewritten in scientific notation and rounded to three significant figures? MC Qu. 72 Which is correct if Which is correct if 15,390,000 is rounded to two significant figures? ,400,000 15,000,000 MC Qu. 73 Which is correct if What is the length of the box, using the proper number of significant figures and units? 5.5 cm 5 cm 6 cm 5.67 cm 5.6 cm MC Qu. 74 What is the length of the The dark meat of a 20 pound turkey requires an internal temperature of 180 F to be fully cooked.what minimum temperature reading should be displayed on a food thermometer that only measures in degrees Celsius? 82 C 354 C 261 C 192 C 310 C MC Qu. 75 The dark meat of a pound grams of acetic acid are required for an experiment.what volume, in milliliters, of a g/cm 3 acetic acid solution must be measured for the experiment? ml 45.2 ml 55.3 ml

15 Page 15 of ml 4.52 ml MC Qu grams of acetic acid are A geology student found an irregularly shaped rock, with a mass of grams, and placed it into a graduated cylinder with a volume of ml water. If the water level increased to ml after the rock was placed in, what is the density of the rock, in g/ml? 4.46 g/ml 4460 g/ml 2.20 g/ml g/ml 44.6 g/ml MC Qu. 77 A geology student found an irregularly An average Mastiff puppy weighs 2.72 kilograms.how many pounds is an average Mastiff puppy (1 lb. = g)? 1.24 lb lb lb lb lb. MC Qu. 78 An average Mastiff puppy weighs If the density of corn syrup is g/ml and a sample of corn syrup has a mass of 32 grams, what is the volume of corn syrup, in liters? 43 L 23 L L L 2.3 L MC Qu. 79 If the density of corn syrup A smart phone has dimensions of 4.9 inches (height), 2.3 inches (width) and 8.0 millimeters (depth).what is the volume of the smart phone in cubic centimeters? (1 in = 2.54 cm) 58 cm x 10 5 cm 3 90 cm cm 3 34 cm 3 MC Qu. 80 A smart phone has dimensions of There are 58 counties in California and about 660,000 people in each county. How many million people live in California? 383 million people 38 million people 40 million people 58 million people

16 Page 16 of million people MC Qu. 81 There are 58 counties in California The ripening of fruit, once picked, is an example of physical change. True False TF Qu. 82 The ripening of fruit, once picked, When applying the scientific method, it is important to avoid any form of hypothesis. True False TF Qu. 83 When applying the scientific method, it When applying the scientific method, a model or theory should be based on experimental data. True False Subtopic: Scientific Method TF Qu. 84 When applying the scientific method, a Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. True False TF Qu. 85 Matter is anything that has mass The density of a substance is an intensive property. True False TF Qu. 86 The density of a substance is The volume of a substance is an intensive property. True False TF Qu. 87 The volume of a substance is Boiling point and melting point are extensive properties. True False Subtopic: Scientific Method TF Qu. 88 Boiling point and melting point are Rusting of a piece of iron under environmental conditions is a physical change. True False TF Qu. 89 Rusting of a piece of iron The number , rounded to 3 decimal places, becomes True False

17 Page 17 of 23 TF Qu. 90 The number A scoop of vanilla ice cream is a pure substance. True False TF Qu. 91 A scoop of vanilla ice A particular temperature in degrees Celsius is larger than the temperature in kelvins. True False TF Qu. 92 A particular temperature in degrees Celsius Zero Kelvin < 0 Fahrenheit < 0 Celsius True False TF Qu. 93 Zero Kelvin < 0 Fahrenheit K is colder than 4 K. True False TF Qu K is colder than The juice from an orange is a mixture. True False TF Qu. 95 The juice from an orange is tells how close a measurement is to the true value. Accuracy FB Qu.96 tells how close a measurement Melting ice is a change. physical FB Qu. 97 Melting ice is a change Burning wood in a fireplace is a change. chemical FB Qu. 98 Burning wood in a fireplace is

18 Page 18 of 23 A(n) is a substance composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions. compound FB Qu. 99 A(n) is a substance composed A(n) is a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. element FB Qu. 100 A(n) is a substance that cannot A(n) is a combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities. mixture FB Qu. 101 A(n) is a combination of two A(n) is something that has a definite composition. pure substance FB Qu. 102 A(n) is something that has ,, and are the three states of matter. liquid, solid, and gas FB Qu. 103,, and are the A(n) has a uniform composition throughout. homogeneous mixture FB Qu. 104 A(n) has a uniform A(n) does not have a uniform composition throughout. heterogeneous mixture FB Qu. 105 A(n) does not have tells how closely multiple measurements of the same thing are to one another.

19 Page 19 of 23 Precision FB Qu. 106 tells how closely multiple measurements is the term used to indicate a measuring device is accurate. (Hint: Often used when measuring the volume of a liquid.) Graduated or Calibrated FB Qu. 107 is the term used to What is something that has a definite composition? pure substance SA Qu. 108 What is something that has a What is a combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities? mixture SA Qu. 109 What is a combination of two What is a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means? element SA Qu.110 What is a substance that cannot What is a substance composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions? compound SA Qu. 111 What is a substance composed of Give examples of three physical properties. (Answers will vary.) Melting point, boiling point, density, color

20 Page 20 of 23 SA Qu. 112 Give examples of three physical properties Give an example of an extensive property. (Answers will vary.) Mass, length, and volume SA Qu. 113 Give an example of an extensive Give an example of an intensive property. (Answers will vary.) Temperature, density, melting point, boiling point SA Qu. 114 Give an example of an intensive Identify this process as a physical or chemical change: Bacteria converts milk to yogurt. Chemical SA Qu. 115 Identify this process as a physical What is the equation for the conversion of Celsius scale to Kelvin scale? C = K SA Qu. 116 What is the equation for the If two numbers are added together, one which has 2 digits after the decimal point and the other has 1 digit after the decimal point, explain how to round the answer. The answer will have 1 digit after the decimal point because the least number of digits after the decimal point in the two numbers used in the calculation was 1. Use the least number of digits after the decimal point. SA Qu. 117 If two numbers are added together,

21 Page 21 of 23 If two numbers are multiplied together, one which has 3 significant figures and the other has four significant figures, explain how to round the answer. The answer will have 3 significant figures because the least number of significant figures in the two numbers used in the calculation was 3. SA Qu. 118 If two numbers are multiplied together, What is the equation used to calculate the mass from the density? mass = density volume or m = dv SA Qu. 119 What is the equation used to Briefly explain the relationship between hypothesis and experiment in the scientific method. A hypothesis should be capable of leading to a prediction which is testable by an experiment. If the experimental result differs from the prediction, the hypothesis should be modified. SA Qu. 120 Briefly explain the relationship between hypothesis Explain the difference between quantitative measurements and qualitative measurements. Subtopic: Scientific Method A quantitative measurement is expressed with a number and a qualitative measurement does not require an explicit measurement. SA Qu. 121 Explain the difference between quantitative measurements Explain the difference between a physical property and a chemical property. Subtopic: Scientific Method A physical property can be observed and measured without changing the identity of the substance and a chemical property requires a chemical change from one substance to another substance.

22 Page 22 of 23 SA Qu. 122 Explain the difference between a physical Explain the difference between an extensive property and an intensive property. An extensive property depends on the amount of matter and an intensive property does not depend on the amount of matter. SA Qu. 123 Explain the difference between an extensive Explain the rule for significant figures for addition and subtraction. The answer cannot have more digits to the right or left of the decimal point than any of the original numbers used in the calculation. SA Qu. 124 Explain the rule for significant figures Explain the rule for significant figures for multiplication and division. The number of significant figures in the final product or quotient is determined by the original number that has the smallest number of significant figures. SA Qu. 125 Explain the rule for significant figures Explain the difference between a heterogeneous mixture and a homogeneous mixture. A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout and a heterogeneous mixture does not have a uniform composition throughout. SA Qu. 126 Explain the difference between a heterogeneous Discuss the benefits of using the metric system for measurements.

23 Page 23 of 23 All measurements in the metric system are a multiple of 10 therefore it makes it easy to simply move the decimal point. SA Qu. 127 Discuss the benefits of using the Explain the difference between a hypothesis and a theory. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation for observations made and a theory is a unifying principle that explains a body of experimental observations and the laws that are based on them. SA Qu. 128 Explain the difference between a hypothesis Explain the difference between accuracy and precision. Subtopic: Scientific Method Accuracy is how a measurement is to the true value and precision is how close multiple measurements of the same thing are to one another. SA Qu. 129 Explain the difference between...