Modeling of photons trapping effect on the performance of HPT-LED Optoelectronic Integrated Device (OEID)

Transcription

1 PACS q, Dw, Jb Modl of phoon rapp ffc on h prformanc of HP-LED Opolcronic Inrad Dvic (OEID) Sh.M. Eladl Rad. En. Dp., NCRR, P.O. Box 29, Nar Ciy, Aomic Enry Auhoriy, Eyp Shaban_45@yahoo.com Abrac. h ffc of phoon rappd a h LED id du o oal rnal rflcion on h ranin bhavior of an Opolcronic Inrad Dvic (OEID) i conidrd hi papr. h dvic i compod of a Hrojuncion Phooranior (HP) and a Lih Emi Diod (LED). h xprion dcrib h ranin rpon of h pu phoon flux, h ri im, and h pu drivaiv ar drivd. h ffc of h variou dvic paramr on h ranin rpon i ld. h rul how ha h ranin rpon of h yp of dvic i ronly dpndn on h raio of h rappd phoon h LED par. Alo h dvic undr conidraion can b chand from wich mod o h amplificaion mod, if h fracion of rappd phoon xcd a pcifid valu. hi yp of h modl can b xploid a an opical amplifir, opical wich dvic and ohr applicaion. Kyword: opolcronic rad dvic, mi diod. hrojuncion phooranior, lih Manucrip rcivd 8.2.9; rvid manucrip rcivd 5.4.9; accpd for publicaion 4.5.9; publihd onl Inroducion Opolcronic Inrad Dvic (OEID) hav rcivd mor anion nowaday du o hir ponial applicaion variou ara, uch a opical amplificaion, wich, and communicaion [-5]. hi yp of dvic i ill dmandd for h voluion of opical communicaion and opical inal proc bcau h dc par po h faur of a ranior mo ca. On or mor OEID can funcion a biabl opical wich, opical vrr, AND, NAND, and NOR a. Ohr rucur i uiabl for RCE [7], mak h dvic idal for WDM opical rconnc. On yp of OEID coni of a Hrojuncion Phooranior (HP) ha i vrically rad wih a Lih Emi Diod (LED). h pu lih illuma h phooranior, and i i convrd o phooxcid carrir ha lav h HP par and ar jcd o h LED aciv rion. Du o h wid-ap confmn layr, mo of h carrir rcomb hr lad o h miion of an nifid lih from h LED id. Fracion of hi mid lih i rappd h LED will b raborbd by h carrir h LED aciv layr. A abiliy of a nw vrion of OEID wa dvlopd [8]. h dmonra ha i opical a i abl a lon a h valu of h opical fdback i maad blow h hrhold valu, whil xhibi abiliy for valu of opical fdback, which ar rar or qual o hi hrhold valu. Rcnly, hi yp of rucur ha bn xploid for opical upconvrion dvic ha convr pu.5 µm lih o pu.87 µm lih wih a buil- a mchanim [9]. Incom.5 μm opical radiaion i aborbd by h HP, nra an amplifid phoocurrn. h rulan phoocurrn driv h LED ha mi a.87 μm, which could b dcd by a convnional ilicon char-coupld dvic. Mor rcnly [], a numrical analyi for dynamic rpon of a coupld priodic muli-quanum wll hrojuncion phooranior (CP-MQW HP) rad ovr a rad quanum wll lar diod wa dvlopd. I wa obrvd ha h poibiliy of opraion of h dvlopd dvic amplificaion and wich mod wa alo availabl a imilar o convnional yp. In hi papr, a daild viaion of h ranin bhavior of OEID i prnd ak o accoun h phoon mchanim ruld from h rappd phoon a h LED id du o oal rnal rflcion proc. h dvic characriic undr ioniz irradiaion ar viad bad on h quivaln circui of h coniun dvic and h opical fdback id h dvic by Rf. []. h wich vola of hi yp 255

2 dvic wa crad wih h ioniz radiaion. h purpo of h currn papr i o u a impl mhod o analyz h ranin characriic of opolcronic rad dvic, h ffc of h phoon rapp a h LED id du o rnal rflcion on h ranin bhavior of h dvic i akn o conidraion. h papr i oranizd a follow: formulaion of h pcifid paramr ha dcrib h ranin rpon, drivaiv, and ri im of OEID i prnd Scion 2. h nrad curv rul ar ld and dicud Scion 3. Fally, concluion of h work i dicud Scion horical analyi h block diaram of h conidrd opolcronic rad dvic wih opical fdback i hown Fi. a. h pu phoon flux can b xprd a q J. Whr J i h xcid phoocurrn id h OEID and ha wo componn, namly: h fir on i du o h dirc lih cidn on HP from h xrnal ourc, h cond on i du o h lih back id h dvic from h LED o HP, δ rprn h raio of phoon ha rappd wih h LED aciv rion du o h rnal rflcion a h LED rfac, i h ranmiion cofficin a h LED rfac, q i h lcric char, whil i h LED rnal quanum fficincy. h xcid phoocurrn dniy id h dvic, if h opical fdback i conidrd, can b xprd a [3]: J q k ( ) (), (2) whr (ω) and η(ω) dno h frquncy rpon of h opical convrion a of HP and h xrnal quanum fficincy of h LED, rpcivly, and k(ω), h raio of h phoon which rach h HP o ho mid by h LED ha i calld a opical fdback and aumd o b conan, k(ω) = k. hi opical fdback i aumd o b poiiv on, bcau i i addd o h ma pu lih wih no pha chan du o h mall im dlay concrn i compard wih h forward pah im dlay. ( ) J k() Fi. a. Block diaram of OEID wih opical fdback. ( ) U Eq () and (2), h formula for h frquncy rpon of h pu phoon flux can b xprd a: ( ) k ( ). (3) Whn h pu lih i aumd a a p funcion im, h Laplac ranform of h phoon flux h ca of no opical fdback (k = ) can b obad a ( ) ( ) /. (4) Whr = β ηh dno h convrion a of h HP h low frquncy rim, and β and ηh ar h currn a and h quanum fficincy of h HP h low frquncy rim, and ω β i h ba cu-off frquncy. ω i h cu-off frquncy of h LED whr i h moriy carrir lifim. h im rpon of for h opolcronic rad dvic can b obad from h vr Laplac of Eq. (4) a L ( ) hu, h im rpon of /. (5) can b obad a:. ( ) ( ) (6) If ω >> ω β, h abov quaion can b rducd o h follow form. (7) h drivaiv of for h OEID wih rpc o im i xprd by d d ( ) (8) ( ) ( ). 256

3 h abov xprion dcrib how fa h pu phoon chan wih im. U h approximaion ω >> ω β will yild o d d ( h ri im of ). (9) for opolcronic rad dvic i dfd a h im rquird for o ri o.9 of i fal valu, by olv Eq. (6). h ri im can b ivn a.9a A ln. () a Whn, hn 2.3. () If h opical fdback id h dvic i conidrd, h follow quaion will b valid: ( ) ( ), Z (2) whr Z (3) k. U h approximaion ω >> ω β will yild o A k k. 2 (4) h drivaiv of h pu phoon flux mr from OEID wih rpc o im i xprd by ) d d ( k k. (5) h ri im of h pu phoon flux, whr h opical fdback i akn o conidraion, can b xprd a: A R k Hr ln R.9. (6) k a, (7) whr a i h ady a pu phoon flux a. (8) k A hn, Rul and dicuion k. (9) h dvic paramr ud h ubqun calculad fiur ar h am a ho ud by Zhu al. [6], whr ω β = 8 Hz, ω = Hz, =.7, δ =.5, and η =. h pu lih flux i aumd o b a p funcion im. A compl chmaic picur of h propod OEID i hown Fi. b. Sc h am InGaA aciv rion i ud for boh HP and LED, om porion of h am pcral nrad lih a h LED id ravr back hrouh h cladd and collcor rion o b aborbd aa a h HP InGaA aciv rion cau an opical fdback. h hickn of h cladd and collcor rion play a inifican rol on conroll h maniud of hi opical fdback, h ampliud of h opical fdback i vrly proporional o h hickn of h wo rion, whil i i dircly proporional o h hickn of h wo aciv rion. h yp of marial of h aciv rion ha h major ffc on h propri of h pcral rpon for h nrad lih. h ranin rpon of of h OEID h amplificaion mod i hown Fi. 2. I can b n ha of h dvic approach a dfi valu, hi dfi valu dpnd on h opical convrion a of h HP, xrnal quanum fficincy of h lih mi diod, h valu of h opical fdback wih h dvic, and h valu of h rapp facor a h LED id. h valu of xrnal quanum fficincy of h LED i much lowr han h rnal on du o raborpion and oal rnal rflcion wih h LED aciv rion. In ordr o prvn raborpion, h layr abov h aciv rion ha o b wih hihr band ap han ha of h aciv rion o nur ood confmn of phoon id hi layr. Alo, h dvic opra a abl mod calld h amplificaion mod. 257

4 Inpu Lih HP InP Emir InGaA Ba InGaA Collcor InP Cladd d d LED InGaA Aciv InP Cladd V Bia Oupu Lih Fi. b. b. Schmaic viw of h propod OEID. Fi. 3. Drivaiv of pu phoon flux wih im a diffrn δ valu. β β β Fi. 2. Amplificaion mod ranin rpon of vru im a diffrn δ valu. Fi. 4. Dpndnc of diffrn β valu. on h rapp facor a d Fi. 3 plo vru im a diffrn d valu of δ, whr h valu of hi drivaiv i ud o maur h pd of phoon flux rowh ha mr from h dvic. h plo xhibi a pronouncd maximum valu a a cra im, and afr ha i dcay xponnially o a mimum valu whr h pu flux rach i fal valu. A any im blow hi pcifid valu, h drivaiv cra wih im, whil h drivaiv dcra wih im abov hi pcifid valu of im. If h opical fdback wih h dvic i crad, h obad will cra, whil hi pcifid valu will no b affcd or chand by h cra opical fdback. Fi. 4 illura h dcra wih cra δ. Such dcra i mor pronouncd LED wih a mall quanum fficincy which h pu phoon flux i mallr. h HP convrion a play a major rol oba a hihr valu, whr h hihr opical convrion a of HP man hihr currn dniy jcd o h LED par and, hnc, a hihr valu. Fi. 5 how h im dpndnc of a diffrn valu of δ. hi opraion mod i h o-calld wich mod whr i crad larly and xhibi an abrup chan from low currn a o hih currn a, which ar wih h wich characriic. From h fiur, h valu of δ limi h wich pd whr h dvic wih lowr δ wich arlir han ha of hihr δ. Far and hihr prformanc OEID can b achivd u h LED wih lowr rapp facor. Sc δ rprn h fracion of phoon propaa id h criical anl con of h LED, o i i ncary o dcra i valu o nur maximum pu flux of phoon hrouh h LED aciv rion. III-V marial hav mall criical anl con, hrfor h radiaion mid uffr from oal rnal rflcion. o dcra h valu of δ, h rfraciv dx of h LED aciv rion ha o b chon wih a mall valu. 258

5 drivaiv, and ri im wr drivd. h rul how ha phoon rapp wih h LED rion ronly flunc h dvic a and wich pd. Opical fdback flunc crucially funcion and opraion mod whr h lowr valu of opical fdback allow h dvic o opra amplificaion mod, whil h hihr valu o opra h wich mod. h obad xprion can b ud for h opimizaion of h dvic prformanc. Rfrnc Fi. 5. Swich mod ranin rpon of vru im a diffrn δ valu. Fi. 6. Ri im vru δ a diffrn valu of opical fdback k. h dpndnc of h ri im of of OEID on h opical fdback cofficin h amplificaion mod i hown Fi. 6. I i clar ha by cra h opical fdback, hr i an cra h ri im du o h cra of h diffrnc bwn h iial and h fal a. h opical fdback i uually waknd h amplificaion mod by r an aborpion layr bwn h HP and LED, and hu h ri im hi mod i qual maniud a ha of h HP wih opical fdback. 4. Concluion A horical modl clud h ffc of phoon rappd h LED id du o oal rnal rflcion on bhavior of an Opolcronic Inrad Dvic wa propod and ud o valua i characriic. Analyical formula for h ranin rpon,. S.A. Fld, F.R. By, Jr., M.J. Hafich, H.Y. L, G.Y. Robon, and C.W. Wilmn, Elcrical and opical fdback an InGaA/InP Lih Amplify Opical Swich (LAOS) // IEEE ran. Elcron Dvic 38, No., p (99). 2. A. Vahid, S. Noda, A. Saaki, Analyi for rlaiv niy noi of opolcronic rad dvic by hrojuncion phooranior and lar diod // Solid Sa Elcron. 4, p (997). 3. Suumu Noda, oru akayama, Kimiaka Shibaa, and Akio Saaki, Hih a and vry niiv phoonic wich dvic by raion of hrojuncion and lar diod // IEEE ran. Elcron Dvic 39, No. 2, p (992). 4. S. Noda, K. Yauhiro, and A. Saaki, Opolcronic rad riabl dvic wih opically conrolld and r funcion // J. Quanum Elcron. 3, No. 8, p (995). 5. Sayabraa Ji and B.B. Paul, A nw Opolcronic Inrad Dvic for Lih Amplify Opical Swich (LAOS) // IEEE ran. Elcron Dvic 48, No. 2, p (2). 6. Yu Zhu, Suumu Noda, and Akio Saaki, horical analyi of ranin bhavior of opolcronic rad dvic // IEEE ran. Elcron Dvic 42, No. 4, p (995). 7. M.S. Unlü, S. Sri, A. Salvador, A.L. Dmirl, and H. Morkoc, Wavlnh dicrima opical wich // IEEE Phoon. ch. L. 3, No. 2, p (99). 8. M.B. El_Mahad, M. Ahry, Sh.M. Eladl, M.S. Rah, Prformanc analyi and abiliy of a nw rucur of opolcronic rad dvic // Microlcron. J. 35, No. 7, p (24). 9. H. Luo, D. Ban, H.C. Liu al., Opical upconvrr wih rad hrojuncion phooranior and lih-mi diod // Appl. Phy. L. 88, 735 (26).. E. Darabi, V. Ahmadi, and K. Mirabbazadh, Numrical analyi of an opolcronic rad dvic compod of coupld priodic MQW phooranior and rad-qw lar diod // Solid-Sa Elcron. 5, No. 3, p (26).. Sh.M. Eladl, Modl of ioniz radiaion ffc on opolcronic-rad dvic (OEID) // Microlcron. J. 4, No., p (29). 259