Three-Nucleon dynamics With BINA detector
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1 INTERNATIONAL PHD PROJECTS IN APPLIED NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES This project is supported by the Foundation for Polish Science MPD program, co-financed by the European Union within the European Regional Development Fund Three-Nucleon dynamics With BINA detector By: Ghanshyam Khatri Supervisors: Prof. Stanisław Kistryn, (Jagiellonian University, Poland) Prof. Nasser Kalantar-Nayestanaki, (KVI & University of Groningen, The Netherlands) 22 May, 2012 PhD Jagiellonian University
2 Self Intro 2
3 Self Intro from a small city SURAT, not far from Mumbai! 3
4 Self Intro from a small city SURAT, not far from Mumbai! Before coming to UJ : 2007, B.Sc. - Navyug Sci. College (VNSGU) 2007, May-July, Summer BARC-Mumbai , Sci. Asst. Inst. for Plasma Research, India , Joint-European Master in Nuclear Ghent University, Belgium Nancy University, France Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden 2010-present 4
5 Outline Introduction Three-body(3N) dynamics BINA Detector Present and Future Summary 5
6 Introduction How many known forces in Nature? 1. Gravity (Newton s apple) 2. Electromagnetic (Sun light) 3. Weak Nuclear (Fukushima & Chernobyl) 4. Strong Nuclear (Reactor & Bombs) 6
7 Introduction How many known forces in Nature? 1. Gravity (Newton s apple) 2. Electromagnetic (Sun light) 3. Weak Nuclear (Fukushima & Chernobyl) 4. Strong Nuclear (Reactor & Bombs) 7
8 Photo Credit: Science Photo Library Introduction How many known forces in Nature? 1. Gravity (Newton s apple) 2. Electromagnetic (Sun light) 3. Weak Nuclear (Fukushima & Chernobyl) 4. Strong Nuclear (Reactor & Bombs) 1935 (Yukawa-theory): Meson exchange between two nucleon 8
9 Photo Credit : Wikipedia Photo Credit: Science Photo Library Introduction How many known forces in Nature? 1. Gravity (Newton s apple) 2. Electromagnetic (Sun light) 3. Weak Nuclear (Fukushima & Chernobyl) 4. Strong Nuclear (Reactor & Bombs) 1935 (Yukawa-theory): Meson exchange between two nucleon 1947 (Powell & his team ): Experimentally found Meson 9
10 Photo Credit : Wikipedia Photo Credit: Science Photo Library Introduction How many known forces in Nature? 1. Gravity (Newton s apple) 2. Electromagnetic (Sun light) 3. Weak Nuclear (Fukushima & Chernobyl) 4. Strong Nuclear (Reactor & Bombs) 1935 (Yukawa-theory): Meson exchange between two nucleon 1947 (Powell & his team ): Experimentally found Meson 10
11 Photo Credit : Wikipedia Photo Credit: Science Photo Library Introduction How many known forces in Nature? 1. Gravity (Newton s apple) 2. Electromagnetic (Sun light) 3. Weak Nuclear (Fukushima & Chernobyl) 4. Strong Nuclear (Reactor & Bombs) 1935 (Yukawa-theory): Meson exchange between two nucleon 1947 (Powell & his team ): Experimentally found Meson Smoking Meson??? 11
12 Introduction today after almost 6 decades! Modern phenomenological/meson exchange NN potentials: Nijmegen I Nijmegen II CD-Bonn Argonne V18 12
13 Introduction today after almost 6 decades! Modern phenomenological/meson exchange NN potentials: Nijmegen I Nijmegen II CD-Bonn Argonne V18 are able to explain the Interaction between two nucleons accurately e.g. np- & nn-scattering, deuteron ( 2 H) properties... Experiment Theory np-scattering High precision data from Los Alamos W. P. Abfalterer et al., PRL 81, 57 (1998) 13
14 Introduction today after almost 6 decades! Modern phenomenological/meson exchange NN potentials: Nijmegen I Nijmegen II CD-Bonn Argonne V18 are able to explain the Interaction between two nucleons accurately e.g. np- & nn-scattering, deuteron ( 2 H) properties... Experiment Theory np-scattering High precision data from Los Alamos W. P. Abfalterer et al., PRL 81, 57 (1998) Most of the present NN-scattering data can be reproduced solely with 2NF models with χ 2 /datum ~ 1, but 14
15 Introduction but FAILS to describe larger system (A>2)!... Experiment Theory np-scattering High precision data from Los Alamos W. P. Abfalterer et al., PRL 81, 57 (1998) 15
16 Introduction but FAILS to describe larger system (A>2)!... Experiment Theory even for the simplest A=3 e.g. 3 H and 3 He.unable to reproduce the data nd-scattering Model Nijm I 7.72 Nijm II 7.62 AV Reid Exp Triton B.E. [MeV] H. Witala et al. PRL 81, 1183 (1998) St. Kistryn et al. PRC 68, (2003) np-scattering High precision data from Los Alamos W. P. Abfalterer et al., PRL 81, 57 (1998) 16
17 Introduction.a new notion: Three-Nucleon Force (3NF) + = ~ V 12 +V 23 +V 31 =V theory 3NF = V 123 3N System 17
18 Introduction.a new notion: Three-Nucleon Force (3NF) + = ~ V 12 +V 23 +V 31 =V theory 3NF = V 123 3N System.adding 3NF in original 2NF helps! Model 3 H [MeV] 4 He [MeV] 2NF NF +3NF Experiment additional 3NF CD-Bonn+TM99 AV18+Urbana XI H. Witala et al. PRL 81, 1183 (1998) St. Kistryn et al. PRC 68, (2003) 18
19 Introduction Ab-initio calculations for light nuclei (+3NF) 19
20 Introduction Ab-initio calculations for light nuclei (+3NF) 20
21 3N dynamics why he said like this? 21
22 3N dynamics Three-body forces in nature; example 22
23 3N dynamics Three-body forces in nature; example 23
24 3N dynamics Three-body forces in a NUCLEAR system! N N H 3 i1 N 2 3 2mi i j1 v ij 24
25 25 3N dynamics Three-body forces in a NUCLEAR system! N N N j i ij i i v m H V v m H j i ij i i
26 3N dynamics Hot-Spot to see 3NF: intermediate energies?! 26
27 3N dynamics Hot-Spot to see 3NF: intermediate energies?! 3NF contribution 27
28 3N dynamics Theoretical models Faddeev framework (based on pairwise N-N interactions) provides exact treatment for the 3N system also allows to include 3NF 28
29 3N dynamics Theoretical models Faddeev framework (based on pairwise N-N interactions) provides exact treatment for the 3N system also allows to include 3NF Calculations from: Prof. Witała and Prof. Glöckle Main 2NF Models -Nijmegen I & II -CD Bonn (Charge Dependant) -Argonne V18-29
30 3N dynamics Theoretical models Faddeev framework (based on pairwise N-N interactions) provides exact treatment for the 3N system also allows to include 3NF Calculations from: Prof. Witała and Prof. Glöckle Main 2NF Models -Nijmegen I & II -CD Bonn (Charge Dependant) -Argonne V Additional 3NF Models -Tucson Melbourne (TM99) -Urbana IX - Illinois (IL2) - 30
31 3N dynamics Theoretical models Faddeev framework (based on pairwise N-N interactions) provides exact treatment for the 3N system also allows to include 3NF Calculations from: Prof. Witała and Prof. Glöckle Main 2NF Models -Nijmegen I & II -CD Bonn (Charge Dependant) -Argonne V Additional 3NF Models -Tucson Melbourne (TM99) -Urbana IX - Illinois (IL2) - Other Approaches: Coupled Channels with Δ-isobar excitation (Prof. Deltuva, Portugal) Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT) only upto NNLO (Prof. Epelbaum, Germany) 31
32 pd elastic scattering cross sections 3N dynamics Models vs. Data p d p d K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, (2003), PRC 71, (2005) 32
33 pd elastic scattering cross sections 3N dynamics Models vs. Data p d p d K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, (2003), PRC 71, (2005) 33
34 pd elastic scattering cross sections 3N dynamics Models vs. Data p d p d K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, (2003), PRC 71, (2005) 34
35 pd elastic scattering cross sections 3N dynamics Models vs. Data p d p d K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, (2003), PRC 71, (2005) 35
36 pd elastic scattering cross sections 3N dynamics Models vs. Data p d p d K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, (2003), PRC 71, (2005) 36
37 pd elastic scattering cross sections 3N dynamics Models vs. Data p d p d K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, (2003), PRC 71, (2005) 37
38 3N dynamics Are we done? No! 38
39 3N dynamics Are we done? No! 3NFs helped to improve theories, but still some discrepancy remains Do we understand the exact form of 3NFs!!? Include other ingredients? Can we consider the validity through complete phase-space of 3N dynamics? Urgent need for systematic and High-Precision data-base Next steps: dp-breakup, 4N-system detailed root-map to the 3N-system 39
40 3N dynamics Are we done? No! 3NFs helped to improve theories, but still some discrepancy remains Do we understand the exact form of 3NFs!!? Include other ingredients? Can we consider the validity through complete phase-space of 3N dynamics? Urgent need for systematic and High-Precision data-base Next steps: dp-breakup, 4N-system detailed root-map to the 3N-system Are there effects other than 3NFs? Yes 40
41 3N dynamics Are we done? No! 3NFs helped to improve theories, but still some discrepancy remains Do we understand the exact form of 3NFs!!? Include other ingredients? Can we consider the validity through complete phase-space of 3N dynamics? Urgent need for systematic and High-Precision data-base Next steps: dp-breakup, 4N-system detailed root-map to the 3N-system Are there effects other than 3NFs? Yes Coulomb and Relativistic (but importance is limited in certain region of phase-space) Recently coulomb effect was included successfully in the calculations with coupled channel calculations! [Prof. Deltuva, Portugal] Relativistic effects, recent work!! 4NF? (ChPT predicts 2NF>>3NF>>4NF) 41
42 3N dynamics 42
43 3N dynamics 43
44 BINA Detector Big Instrument for Nuclear-polarization Analysis (a 4π detector) 44
45 BINA Detector Big Instrument for Nuclear-polarization Analysis (a 4π detector)
46 BINA Detector Big Instrument for Nuclear-polarization Analysis (a 4π detector) MWPC ΔE E 46
47 BINA Detector Wall covers θ= Ball covers θ=up to 165 4π Phase-Space 150 phoswich Scintillators =Target chamber (~10-5 mbar) Wire chamber (MWPC) Three planes X, Y & U [118x118x148 wires] Thin scintillators for particle identification (ΔE -wall) [1.8x10.8x0.1 cm 3 ] MWPC: CF4(80%) + Isobutene(20%) gas-mixture 20µm diameter tungsten wire Beam Ball: Triangular fast scint. and slow phoswitch parts connected to PMT s through lightguide Forward scintillators (E-wall) [9x12x220 cm 3 ] 47
48 BINA Detector Liquid Target Liquid Hydrogen (and Deuterium) thin transparent CH 2 foil 48
49 BINA Detector Liquid Target Liquid Hydrogen (and Deuterium) thin transparent CH 2 foil Very tricky to handle it 49
50 BINA Detector Liquid Target Liquid Hydrogen (and Deuterium) thin transparent CH 2 foil Very tricky to handle it Hydrogen and Deuterium (gas-liquid phase few Kelvin) Balancing gas pressure within mechanical-stress limit of the target foil Filling in steps: insert a little gas which can be handle by the target foil and then cool it down to liquid (sudden pressure drop), repeat it 50
51 BINA Detector Liquid Target Liquid Hydrogen (and Deuterium) thin transparent CH 2 foil Very tricky to handle it Hydrogen and Deuterium (gas-liquid phase few Kelvin) Balancing gas pressure within mechanical-stress limit of the target foil Filling in steps: insert a little gas which can be handle by the target foil and then cool it down to liquid (sudden pressure drop), repeat it KVI Record: I m the only - handled the target system without breaking! 51
52 Present & Future Present Future 52
53 Present & Future Present Data Analysis of dp and E d =160 MeV from the last Experiment with BINA Results Planed for Poster ENPC-2012, Bucharest 2012: Giving new life to BCC (Bronowice Cyclotron Center), Krakow Future 53
54 Present & Future Present Data Analysis of dp and E d =160 MeV from the last Experiment with BINA Results Planed for Poster ENPC-2012, Bucharest 2012: Giving new life to BCC (Bronowice Cyclotron Center), Krakow Future BINA@BCC; new experiments with proton beam up-to 250 MeV, BINA@BCC; construction of polarized targets?? WASA@COSY ; Experiment in Jan-2013 (may be polarized beam?) Extend the study to larger nucleon system (A>3), 4NF? Look for exclusive channels and other observables Fine-tuning of models with inclusion of additional components in the dynamics e.g. coulomb and relativistic effects, N3LO for ChPT, different meson-exchanges 54
55 Summary 3NF definitely improves models: we are in right direction! Looking for effects beyond 2NF+3NF : coulomb, Relativistic, 4NF BINA gets residence permit in Poland! Make systematic and high-precision database to validate the models 3NF Experiments at : KVI, RIKEN, RCNP, IUCF, Julich and and now BINA@BCC in Krakow 55
56 Thank you for your attention!!! 56
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