English Version. This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 18 April It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 210.

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1 TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR May 217 ICS English Version GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 5: Example calculation of a GRP-vessel This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 18 April 217. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 21. Dit document mag slechts op een stand-alone PC worden geinstalleerd. Gebruik op een netwerk is alleen. toestaan als een aanvullende licentieovereenkomst voor netwerkgebruik met NEN is afgesloten. This document may only be used on a stand-alone PC. Use in a network is only permitted when a supplementary license agreement for us in a network with NEN has been concluded. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1 Brussels 217 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR :217 E

2 Contents Page European foreword... 5 Introduction Scope General Dimensions of the tank Building materials Loadings (9) Limit strain for laminate (8.2.2) Influence factors ( ) Partial safety factors (Table 12) Combination factors (Table 11) Analysis of the cylinder Influence factor A Characteristic strength values Moduli of elasticity Analysis of the cylinder in axial direction Proof of strength (Ultimate limit state) Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Stability proof (Ultimate limit state) Analysis of the cylinder in tangential direction Strength analysis (Ultimate limit state) Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Stability proof for the cylindrical shell tangential (Ultimate limit state) Critical buckling pressure for rings (Ultimate limit state) Earthquake design of the cylinder Analysis of the cylinder in axial direction Analysis of the cylinder in tangential direction Opening in the cylinder Analysis in circumferential direction Proof of strength Proof of strain Analysis in axial direction Proof of strength Proof of strain Analysis of the skirt Internal forces of the skirt Proof of strength (Ultimate limit state) Design value of actions Design value of corresponding resistance Verification Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Design value of actions

3 Limit design value of serviceability criterion Verification Stability proof (Ultimate limit state) Design value of actions Design value of corresponding resistance Verification Earthquake design of the skirt Internal forces Earthquake Proof of strength (Ultimate limit state) Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Stability proof (Ultimate limit state) Overlay laminate connection skirt - vessel Proof of strength (Ultimate limit state) Design value of actions Design value of corresponding resistance Verification Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Design value of actions Limit design value of serviceability criterion Verification Seismic design of the skirt overlay Proof of strength (Ultimate limit state) Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Analysis of the bottom Influence factor A Characteristic strength values Moduli of elasticity Actions, which cause internal forces for the bottom Strength analysis (Ultimate limit state) Design value of actions Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Stability proof of the bottom (Ultimate limit state) Lower part of the cylinder (Region 1) Strength analysis (Ultimate limit state) Design value of corresponding resistance Verification Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Design value of actions Limit design value of serviceability criterion Verification Earthquake design of region 1 (Ultimate limit state) Strength analysis (Ultimate limit state) Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Upper part of the skirt (Region 2) Strength analysis (Ultimate limit state) Design value of corresponding resistance Verification Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Design value of actions Limit design value of serviceability criterion Verification

4 16.3 Seismic design of region 2 (Ultimate limit state) Strength analysis (Ultimate limit state) Design value of corresponding resistance Verification Proof of strain (Serviceability limit state) Design value of actions Limit design value of serviceability criterion Verification Flange design Anchorage Anchorage for wind loads (Permanent / Transient situation) Uplifting anchor force Anchor shear force Anchorage for seismic loads (Seismic design situation) Uplifting anchor force Anchor shear force

5 European foreword This document (CEN/TR :217) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 21 GRP tanks and vessels, the secretariat of which is held by SFS. rights. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent 5

6 Introduction EN consists of the following parts: EN , GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground Part 1: Raw materials Specification and acceptance conditions EN , GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground Part 2: Composite materials Chemical resistance EN , GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground Part 3: Design and workmanship EN , GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground Part 4: Delivery, installation and maintenance CEN/TR , GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground Part 5: Example calculation of a GRP-tank (this report) These five parts together define the responsibilities of the tank or vessel manufacturer and the materials to be used in their manufacture. EN specifies the requirements and acceptance conditions for the raw materials - resins, curing agents, thermoplastics linings, reinforcing materials and additives. These requirements are necessary in order to establish the chemical resistance properties determined in EN and the mechanical, thermal and design properties determined in EN Together with the workmanship principles determined in Part 3, requirements and acceptance conditions for raw materials ensure that the tank or vessel will be able to meet its design requirements. EN of this standard specifies recommendations for delivery, handling, installation and maintenance of GRP tanks and vessels. This part of EN gives guidance in use of the standard. CEN/TC 21 has found it necessary to publish an example calculation of a vessel according to EN due to the standards complexity, and for the understanding of how the standard complies with EN 199:s principles and requirements for safety, serviceability and durability of structures. The design and manufacture of GRP tanks and vessels involve a number of different materials such as resins, thermoplastics and reinforcing fibres and a number of different manufacturing methods. It is implicit that vessels and tanks covered by this standard are made only by manufacturers who are competent and suitably equipped to comply with all the requirements of this standard, using materials manufactured by competent and experienced material manufacturers. Metallic vessels, and those manufactured from other isotropic, homogeneous materials, are conveniently designed by calculating permissible loads based on measured tensile and ductility properties. GRP, on the other hand, is a laminar material, manufactured through the successive application of individual layers of reinforcement. As a result there are many possible combinations of reinforcement type that will meet the structural requirement of any one-design case. This allows the designer to select the laminate construction best suited to the available manufacturing facilities and hence be most cost effective. 6

7 1 Scope This Technical Report gives guidance for the design of a vessel using the standard EN GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground. The calculation is done according to the advanced design method given in EN :216, with approved laminates and laminate properties. 2 General Vessels or vessel structures may contain such structural elements or solutions for which this standard does not provide sufficient guidance. In that case, other methods shall be used in order to obtain a safe structure. This example calculation is based on a pressurized GRP vessel with an internal diameter of D 3 mm. The cylindrical parts of the vessel are filament wound. Its bottom and roof are torispherical dished ends that are hand laid up using mixed laminates. Protection against medium attack is obtained by a chemical resistance layer (CRL). The tank is located outdoors in a seismic area. IMPORTANT This example doesn t cover all necessary verifications for the calculation of the GRP tank. Additional verifications have to be performed for the roof, the upper cylinder, etc. 3 Dimensions of the tank Sketch of the tank dimensions: 7

8 General Dimensions: Diameter: D = 3 mm Total height: H tot = 8 mm Cylinder: Thickness cylinder 1: t Cyl,1 = t C1 = 9,2 mm Thickness cylinder 2: t Cyl,2 = t C2 = 11,7 mm Thickness cylinder at roof: t Z,R = 3, mm Thickness cylinder at bottom: t Z,B = 46,1 mm Total cylinder length: l Cyl.tot = 6 61 mm Distance between stiffeners: l s.1 = 37 mm l s.2 = 333 mm Thickness of the stiffener: t S = 2 mm 8

9 Width of the stiffener: b S = 26 mm Skirt: Thickness skirt: t Sk = 17, mm Thickness overlay laminate: t 2 = 7, mm Height of the skirt: H Sk = 89 mm Roof: Thickness calotte: t R = 13, mm Radius calotte: R R = 3 mm Thickness knuckle roof: t Rk = 3, mm Radius knuckle: r Rk = 3 mm Height of the roof: H R = 59 mm Bottom: Thickness calotte: t B = 16,5 mm Radius calotte: R B = 3 mm Thickness knuckle: t Bk = 45, mm Radius knuckle: r Bk = 3 mm Height of the bottom: H B = 59 mm 4 Building materials Resin type: UP-resin, Resin group 4 5 Loadings (9) LC 1: Dead load The assumed dead loads for the separate tank parts are: Roof: W R,k = 4 kn Area load: w R,k =,57 kn/m 2 Cylinder + rings: W C,k = 19 kn Bottom: W B,k = 4 kn Area load: w B,k =,57 kn/m 2 Skirt: W Sk = 3 kn Total dead load of the vessel: W tot = 3 kn LC 2: Liquid filling Density of the medium ρ liquid = 1,3 kg/dm 3 Filling height h liquid = 7 mm Volume V = 52, m 3 LC 3: Long time design overpressure Design pressure PS op.l = 2, bar,2 N/mm 2 LC 4: Short time design overpressure 9

10 Design pressure PS op.s = 2,5 bar,25 N/mm 2 LC 5: Long time design negative pressure Design pressure PS ep.l =, bar, N/mm 2 LC 6: Short time design negative pressure Design pressure PS ep.s =,5 bar,5 N/mm 2 LC 7: Wind (9.2.2) Peak velocity pressure q p =,8 kn/m 2 (EN ) Force coefficient (cylindrical vessel) c f =,8 External pressure arising from wind load: p =, 6 q =, 6,8 =, 48 kn / m² LC 8: Snow (9.2.1) Characteristic snow load s k =,85 kn/m 2 (EN ) Shape coefficient μ =,8 Snow load p = s µ =,85,8 =,68 kn / m² snow LC 9: Personnel loading (9.2.8) Live load on the roof p access = 1,5 kn/m 2 LC 1: Temperature Design temperature TS = 5 C Difference in temperature LC 11: Earthquake ( ) Reference peak ground acceleration ΔT = 2 K Importance factor γ 1 = 1,4 Design ground acceleration Ground type according to EN Viscous damping 5 % Control periods of the response spectrum k a gr = 1, m/s 2 Soil factor S = 1,35 Behaviour factor q = 1,5 Bending modulus cylinder tangential Bending modulus cylinder axial Modulus of elasticity for short time impact wind a g = a gr γ 1 = 1, 1, 4 = 1, 4 m / s ² D T B =,2 s T C =,8 s T D = 2, s E ϕ,b = 19 N/mm 2 E x,b = 12 N/mm 2 p E e = 1, 5 Eφ, b E xb, = 1, = 22 65N / mm² Cylinder thickness lower t 1/2 approximately t Sk = 17 mm 1

11 third Vibration period 2 ρ liquid hliquid hliquid 2 hliquid T = D, , 49 Ee t12 D D 2 1, T = 3,, , 49 =, , s Design spectrum T T C S T a S 25, 25, 1, 4 1, 35 3, 15 q 15 m / s ², (plateau area): D ( ) = g = = Total mass of the vessel (approximately) Horizontal load (Base shear) ( ) Wtot 3 WG = + V ρ liquid = , 3 = 7, 66Tonnen g 9, 81 H S T W = 3, 15 7, 66 = 222, 6 kn AE D G Overturning moment h liquid W ρ + tot Htot M + AE, tot V liquid H Sk HB S 2 2 D T g ( ) M + + AE, tot 52 1, , 15 = 828, 5 knm 2 9, Limit strain for laminate (8.2.2) For the used UP resin is: The roof is made of a mixed laminate ε lim,r = ε d,r =,25 % The bottom is made of a mixed laminate ε lim,b = ε d,b =,25 % The cylinder is made of a wound laminate /9 ε lim,x,cyl = ε d,x,cyl =,2 % ε lim,ϕ,cyl = ε d,ϕ,cyl =,27 % The skirt is made of a wound laminate /9 ε lim,x,sk = ε d,x,sk =,2 % ε lim,ϕ,sk = ε d,ϕ,sk =,27 % 7 Influence factors ( ) Influence factor A 1 A 1 = 1, Influence factor A 2 A 2 = 1,4 (Table A.4 of EN ) HDT of the used resin HDT = 9 C Medium category 2, T d = 5 C Influence factor A 3 TS 2 C 5 2 A3 = 1, +, 4 = 1, +, 4 = 1, 2 HDT 3 C 9 3 Influence factor A 4 A 4 = 1, Influence factor A 5 The influence factor A 5 depends on laminate type and is selected separately for each kind of laminate. 11

12 8 Partial safety factors (Table 12) Action Independent permanent actions (s.a): unfavourable favourable For liquid filling unfavourable favourable Independent variable actions: unfavourable favourable Accidental actions: Seismic actions: Symbol γ G,sup γ G,inf γ G,sup γ G,inf γ Q,sup γ Q,inf γ A γ AE P/T 1,35 1, 1,35 1,5 Situation A/AE 9 Combination factors (Table 11) 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, In the following table are shown the relevant Ψ-factors for this example. Pressures: - Long term pressures - Short-term pressures Action ψ ψ 1 ψ 2 Imposed loads in buildings, category (see EN ) - Category H: roofs Snow loads on buildings (see EN ) a) : Remainder of CEN Member States, - for sites located at altitude H 1 m a.s.l. 1, 1, 1,,5,2 Wind loads on buildings (see EN ),6,2 Temperature (non-fire) in buildings (see EN ),6,5 1 Analysis of the cylinder The cylinder is made of a wound laminate / 9. For mechanical properties are used historic test data. They are verified with tests in accordance to Influence factor A5 For stress analysis 25 years: a) Axial A 5B.Cyl.25y.x = 1,6 b) Tangential A 5B.Cyl.25y.ϕ = 1,2 3 months: A 5B.Cyl.3m.x = 1,4 A 5B.Cyl.3m.ϕ = 1,15 Shorttime: A 5B.Cyl.sh.x = 1, A 5B.Cyl.sh.ϕ = 1, 12

13 Bestelformulier Stuur naar: NEN Standards Products & Services t.a.v. afdeling Klantenservice Antwoordnummer WB Delft NEN Standards Products & Services Postbus GB Delft Vlinderweg AX Delft Ja, ik bestel ex. CEN/TR :217 en GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 5: Example calculation of a GRP-vessel 53. T (15) F (15) Wilt u deze norm in PDF-formaat? Deze bestelt u eenvoudig via Gratis nieuwsbrieven Wilt u op de hoogte blijven van de laatste ontwikkelingen op het gebied van normen, normalisatie en regelgeving? Neem dan een gratis abonnement op een van onze nieuwsbrieven. Gegevens Bedrijf / Instelling T.a.v. O M O V Klantnummer NEN Uw ordernummer BTW nummer Postbus / Adres Postcode Plaats Telefoon Fax Factuuradres (indien dit afwijkt van bovenstaand adres) Postbus / Adres Postcode Plaats Datum Handtekening Retourneren Fax: klantenservice@nen.nl Post: NEN Standards Products & Services, t.a.v. afdeling Klantenservice Antwoordnummer 1214, 26 WB Delft (geen postzegel nodig). Voorwaarden De prijzen zijn geldig tot 31 december 218, tenzij anders aangegeven. Alle prijzen zijn excl. btw, verzend- en handelingskosten en onder voorbehoud bij o.m. ISO- en IEC-normen. Bestelt u via de normshop een pdf, dan betaalt u geen handeling en verzendkosten. Meer informatie: telefoon , dagelijks van 8.3 tot 17. uur. Wijzigingen en typefouten in teksten en prijsinformatie voorbehouden. U kunt onze algemene voorwaarden terugvinden op: LEREN, WERKEN EN GROEIEN MET NEN preview - 218

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD. Qualith de l ea r- Etalonnage et Evaluation des mhthodes d analyse et estimation INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8466- First edition 990-03-0 Dit document mag slechts op een stand-alone PC worden geinstalleerd. Gebruik op een netwerk is alleen. toestaan als een aanvullende licentieovereenkomst