TeV mono-energetic proton beam generation by laser plasma accelerators

Transcription

1 5th ASSS 2010, Shanghai TeV mono-energetic proton beam generation by laser plasma accelerators X. Q. Yan Institute of Heavy Ion physics, Peking University Max-Planck-Institut fuer Quantenoptik Peking Univ.: J.E.Chen, X.T.He, Y.R.Lu, H.Y.Wang, F.L.Zheng Shanghai Jiaotong Uni.(China)/IOP: Z.M.Sheng MPQ: J. Meyer-ter-Vehn LMU: D.Habs, T.Tajima, A.Henig, D.Kiefer, D.Jung, J. Schreiber,R.Hoerlein LANL: M. Hegelich

2 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Phase Stable Acceleration (PSA) model 3. Self-organizing GeV mono-energetic proton beam generation 4. How do we go to higher energy (TeV)? 5. Summary Why RPA can generate mono-energetic ions in PSA regime? 2

3 Electron by laser plasma wakefield Leemans et al., Nature Physics 2, 696 (2006) Pukhov et al., APB 74, 355(2002) Bubble regime W.Lu et al., PRL 96, (2006) Blow-out regime Capillary of few-cm-long 3

4 Ions from solid targets in TNSA The ions are much more heavier than electrons, the plasma wakefield can not trap and accelerate slow ions! Maximum energy is less than 60MeV and the proton s distribution is exponential R. A. Snavely et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2945 (2000). 4

5 Microstructured target H. Schwoerer, et al. Jena Uni. Nature 439, 445 (2006). Proton 1MeV,~20% Field uniformity; phase width 5

6 Parameter optimization 准单能 C 5+ (3MeV/A,17%) Hegelich et al., Nature 439, 441 (2006) 6

7 Radiation Pressure Acceleration B.Shen et. al., PRE, VOLUME 64, (2001) A. Macchi, et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, (2005) Xiaomei Zhang, et al, PHYSICS OF PLASMAS 14, (2007) X.Q.Yan et al, PRL, 100, (2008) Rykovanov, et al, NJP. 10, (2008) Klimo et al, PRST 11, (2008) Robinson et al, NJP 2008 M. Chen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, (2009). A.Henig et al. PRL 103, (2009) p x RPA (CP + nanometers) Mono-energetic ion beam 0.45 t=50t L x/λ L Synchrotron oscillation 7

8 2 Phase Stable Acceleration (PSA) model for RPA 8

9 Plasma Heating (J B) Linear polarized laser f E f p = p E L v L ( x) = m = v 4 x 2 L ( x)(sin( ω t) yˆ + cos( ω t) zˆ) m = v 4 x 2 L ee L L ( x) xˆ / mω L ( x)(1 cos 2ω t) xˆ Circular Polarized laser L L 15 circular polarization 10 linear polarization b x/λ L No oscillation component, it pushes electrons forward! p x 1D simulation a=5, n 0 /n c =10, L=0.2λ 9

10 CP for fusion Foil: density n=10n c thickness=2λ L Laser: a= laser cycles Baifei shen et. al., PHYSICAL REVIEW E, VOLUME 64, (2001) 10

11 Phase Stable Acceleration model CP laser pulse electron proton Electrons are pushed forward and pile up in the front of a CP laser pulse. Proton is nearly fixed Skin depth: l s, target thickness d+ ls 11

12 Phase Stable Acceleration model Phase space (x~p x ) 0.16 t=18t L A p x Ω A B ΔW W r 2ξ 0 Ω / p = l Ω / p r s r B x/λ L Ex1 = E0 x/ d,(0 < x< d) E = 4π nd 0 0 E = E (1 ( x d)) / l, ( d < x< d + l ) x2 0 s s Ω = qie milsγ 0 3 X.Q.Yan et al, PRL 100, (2008) 12

13 Phase oscillations in Simulations p x 0.16 t=18t L 0.25 t=26t L a=5, n 0 /n c =10, L=0.2λ, τ=100 T L p x p x x/λ L 100x/λ L t=36t L x/λ L N(Arb.Unit) a) D 2D Energy(MeV) Ions are trapped here! ΔW W r 2ξ 0 Ω / p = l Ω / p r s r The periods are 8, 8 and 10 T L X.Q.Yan et al CHIN.PHYS.LETT. Vol. 25, No. 9 (2008)

14 Optimized condition a = 5, τ = Energy(MeV) T L a) proton energy energy spread (n 0 /n c )D/λ L Optimized condition a ~( n / n ) D/ λ 0 c L Energy(MeV) 1000 b) τ(τ L ) GeV beam is not far away? 14

15 First Experiment by MPQ/MBI/PKU A.Henig et al. (PRL 103, (2009)) Quasi-Peak for C6+ by CP ΜΒΙ: τ~45fs I~5*10^19W/cm2 MPQ/LMU: DLC:n 0 /n c =500 D~5nm a ~( n / n ) D/ λ 0 c L Red---Circular Polarization Blue----Linear Polarization 15

16 2D Simulations the peak is broaden? Can we get higher energy? 16

17 2D/3D effects 17 Hole Boring,PSA terminates

18 Instability (Rayleigh Taylor and Weibel) Super Gaussian pulse M.Chen et al PoP, 15, , 2008 M.Hegelich and L.Yin Klimo et al, Phys. Rev. ST AB 11, (2008) A P L Robinson et al 2008 New J. Phys

19 Light Sail Super Gaussian pulse for solid density target, I>10^23W/cm2 B.Qiao et al., PRL 102, (2009) 19

20 Unlimited Ion Acceleration by Radiation Pressure Mass limited target Super Gaussian pulse I~10^23W/cm2 >25GeV 20 S.Bulanov, et al, PRL 104, (2010)

21 3. Self-organizing mechanism Gaussian pulse Hydrogen target (DLC) intensity : a=50 (7*10 21 W/cm 2 ) Pulse duration: τ=20 T (rise time 1T) (~60 fs) Plasma: N=80 D=0.5 λ 21

22 λ pattern structure of plasma density (a) t=16 (b) t=36 (c) t=42 plasma rippling is related to λ-period pattern 22 ripples provide seeds for RT instabilities Pegoraro et al, PRL. 99, (2007)

23 Current cells Longitudinal current density Jx t=46 23 Skin depth: l s, target thickness d+ ls

24 24

25 ~GeV mono-energetic proton beam Arb.Unit 60 t=40 T t=50 T t=54 T t=58 T (b) γ-1 >10 10 per bunch Yan,Wu, Sheng, Chen, Meyer-ter-Vehn, PRL. 103, (2009) 25

26 Energy distribution in space 26 26

27 4. How do we go to higher Energy? Ion acceleration from foils is efficient, however: the acceleration length is normally smaller than hundreds micron. The max. ion energy scales with the laser intensity! Laser plasma wakefield RPA+wakefield 27

28 Laser plasma wakefield B.F. Shen, PRST AB 12, (2009) Protons are trapped from the background or self injection 10^23 W/cm^2,18.26 kj, 38GeV proton beam 28

29 RPA/PSA+ electrostatic field Laser L.L.Yu et al., New Journal of Physics 12 (2010) Proton-rich foil underdense gas I~10^23W/cm2 29

30 RPA+Wakefield to TeV 10^23 W/cm^2, sub-tev proton beam H.Y.Wang et al., submitted 30

31 TeV laser accelerator 30km Cm-long TeV laser accelerato (

32 Summary Phase Stable Acceleration (PSA) model can explain why the mono-energetic ion beam is realized in RPA regime! Self-organizing GeV nano-coulomb collimated proton beam can be generated from a plain hydrogen foil by a Gaussian laser pulse. TeV proton beam can be generated in two stage accelerator (RPA+wakefield)! 32

33 Thanks for your attention! 33