0460 GEOGRAPHY. 0460/22 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 60

Transcription

1 CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2013 series 0460 GEOGRAPHY 0460/22 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 60 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes. Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2013 series for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components.

2 Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper 1 (a) (i) 10m [1] (ii) 1 km 2 more than one answer = 0 [1] (b) (i) A/Main A/A3 [1] (ii) embankment [1] (iii) cultivation/plantation [1] (iv) marsh/swamp [1] (v) water tank [1] (vi) bridge [1] (vii) district (boundary) [1] more than one answer = 0 (c) Pte Moyenne (8495) La Mecque (8694) Both these areas Neither of these areas coral a river or watercourse a populated area forest gentle slopes more than one tick per row = 0 (d) hilly/hill/high/mountain/upland (don t extract from place name) steep cliffs (steep cliffs = 1) any height between 400m and 630m (allow 446m as highest point) ridge/spur col/saddle/pass concave slope V-shaped valley flatter/gentle in south/in 8991/9091/9191/at poultry farm/at sugar plantation (As alternative to this line allow steeper in the north.) [3] (e) (i) (metres) [1] (ii) N/NNE/NE [1]

3 Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper (f) 1 in 2/1 in 2.3/1 in :2/1:2.3/1: %/43%/42.9%/42.85% Don t allow other expression e.g. 2.3 [1] 2 (a) (i) 8 middle order settlements plotted ignore position, width and shading of bar [1] (ii) 40 more than 1 tick = 0 [1] (b) (i) sphere of influence to include the nearby village but not touch any of the other towns (ignore other villages and other sphere of influence) [1] (ii) other nearby settlements/village/town (but not city) to provide services low order services/few services/no high(er) order services services have small range/people won t travel far for services poor transport links allow goods or functions for services [1] (c) (i) frequent use/everyday needs no need to travel far/they are close/less than 1km/little travel time/cost [1] (ii) population is small/small settlement/not enough customers these services have a large(r) threshold population/high(er) order services/ middle order services [1] (iii) furniture store airport [1] (iv) easier transport to Z/poorer transport to A better quality at Z/poorer quality at A more choice/larger store at Z/poorer choice/smaller store at A cheaper prices at Z/more expensive prices at A other services available at Z better reputation at Z/poorer reputation at A doesn t need to be comparative could be solely on X or A accept best point [1]

4 Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper 3 (a) Erosion: waterfall notch/v cut by stream/path cut by stream (allow other expressions) plunge pool undercut stepped profile (allow terraced) valley at top of photo exposed rocks/lack of soil/lack of vegetation Weathering: harder layers stand out/bedding planes opened/cracks wide(ened) vegetation growing in cracks/in rocks/on cliff (not just on rocks)/ vegetation shows biological/chemical weathering fallen/disturbed/loose blocks/boulders/rocks/stones/slabs/layers reserve one mark for each section no transfer between sections [4] (b) (i) boulders/large rocks/large stones different sizes/large and small rounded/smooth red/orange/colour variation/coloured altered (but not black) joints/cracks layers peel/onion skin effect don t allow points clearly linked to erosion [3] (iii) exfoliation freeze-thaw/frost shattering any chemical process spoils the answer [1] 4 (a) (i) there are active volcanoes in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America [1] (ii) there are active volcanoes close to most coastlines of the Pacific Ocean [1] (iii) most active volcanoes are close to plate boundaries [1] (b) Laki: plates diverge/constructive margin hotspot/hot area within mantle melting/rising magma/magma escapes All others: plates converge/destructive margin subduction (allow if it is the wrong plate) melting/rising magma/magma escapes If volcano chosen not from Fig. 6 MAX 1 don t allow the first point [2]

5 Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper (c) eruption of Tambora/Laki/volcano 1/volcano 3/Iceland/Indonesia produced ash cloud blocked sun/solar radiation cooling/prevented heading of Earth/atmosphere/land (not just areas) worldwide/affected large area long term/affected whole area [3] 5 (a) Iron ore mines: in south in east/north-east/near Bay of Bengal Coal mines: in centre/inland in east/north-east/near Bay of Bengal Allow near Jamshedpur/steel works once for either section reserve one mark for each section [3] (b) (i) iron ore from East Singhbhum/Sundargarh/Keonjhar/Durg/1/2/3/4 coal from Jhana/Raniganj/Bokara/Talcher/Bisrampur/Korba 1/2/3/4/5/6 iron ore and coal nearby/within 250km/in north east of country/ surrounded by iron and coal mines [2] (ii) lake/river/subamarekha River/Kharkai River [1] (iii) railway/train [1] (iv) vehicles/earth moving equipment/metal sheets/cables/pipes/ wire industries 1 5 other industries/local industries [1] 6 (a) large sector = 2 (independent of key) large sector = 1 (independent of key) correct use of key = 1 [3] (b) strong winds [1] (c) correct option and explanation required in each case only one correct option in (i), (ii) and (iii) but either option possible in (iv) reference to wind action = 0 answer could be by giving a positive reason for the choice or by stating why the alternative was rejected (i) Leave strips of vegetation between the plots vegetation will intercept/trap/absorb/protect from rain/water vegetation will prevent water from flowing/runoff vegetation will trap/bind/hold/stabilise/keep soil together [1]

6 Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper (ii) Plough horizontally across the slope of the hillside prevent water from flowing/prevent runoff/allow water to sink in [1] (iii) Grow a different crop on each plot for the first three years retain/replace soil nutrients/minerals different crops use minerals maintain soil structure/humus/organic content [1] (iv) Fence the land and keep animals away will prevent animals grazing until soil is bare/prevent overgrazing prevent removal of protective vegetation animals trample/hooves/movement/damage roots old crop will maintain soil structure/minerals/humus/organic content [1] (v) Allow cattle to graze on the remains of the crop after harvest dung will maintain the soil structure/humus/organic content dung will replace minerals/nutrients (for soil structure allow phrases like keeps soil together ) [1]