APHG CHAPTER 1: INTRO TO HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

Transcription

1 APHG CHAPTER 1: INTRO TO HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

2 KEY QUESTION #1: WHAT IS HUMAN GEOGRAPHY? (3 SLIDES)

3 KEY QUESTION #1: WHAT IS HUMAN GEOGRAPHY? HG focuses on How people make places How we organize space & society How we interact with each other in places & across space How we make sense of others & ourselves in our locality, region & world Advances in communication & transportation are making people & places more interconnected every day

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5 KEY QUESTION #1: WHAT IS HUMAN GEOGRAPHY? The world consists of 195 states(we will use the term state now, not country) Hundreds of religions(19 with at least 1 million adherents) Almost 7,000 languages spoken Thousands and thousands of cultural characteristics Understanding & explaining this diversity is the mission of human geography

6 KEY QUESTION #1: WHAT IS HUMAN GEOGRAPHY? Key term in HG is globalization Set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepening relationships & heightening interdependence Human-environment interaction is critical as well People adapt to, alter, manipulate, and cope with their surroundings Each place is affected by and created by people---and each place reflects the culture of the people in that place over time

7 KEY QUESTION #2: WHAT ARE GEOGRAPHIC QUESTIONS? (3 slides)

8 KEY QUESTION #2: WHAT ARE GEOGRAPHIC QUESTIONS? A simple definition(by geographer Marvin Mikesell) of geography is the why of where ; this concept leads to several questions: Why and how do things come together in places to produce particular outcomes? Why are some things found in certain places but not in others? To what extent do things in one place influence those in others? Why does it matter what things are different across space? What role does a place play in its region & the world?

9 KEY QUESTION #2: WHAT ARE GEOGRAPHIC QUESTIONS? Questions like these, and others, are the core of geographic inquiry; they are critical to understanding the world To fully understand a concept, one must understand its spatial(fancy word for geographic) distribution Once one understands this then they have a spatial perspective of the world

10 Spatial distribution What processes create and sustain the pattern of a distribution? Map of Cholera Victims in London s Soho District in The patterns of victim s homes and water pump locations helped uncover the source of the disease.

11 KEY QUESTION #2: WHAT ARE GEOGRAPHIC QUESTIONS? Another commonly used phrase is cultural landscape The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape This term was created by geographer Carl Sauer in 1927 A related term is sequent occupance Created by Derwent Whittlesey; refers to cultural succession and the imprint that successive occupiers can have on a place

12 Cultural Landscape The visible human imprint on the landscape. Religion and cremation practices diffuse with Hindu migrants from India to Kenya.

13 Sequent Occupance Dar es Salaam, Tanzania African, Arab, German, British, and Indian layers to the city. Apartment in Mumbai, India Apartment in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

14 KEY QUESTION #3: WHY DO GEOGRAPHERS USE MAPS, AND WHAT DO MAPS TELL US? (2 slides)

15 KEY QUESTION #3: WHY DO GEOGRAPHERS USE MAPS & WHAT DO MAPS TELL US? Cartography is the science of mapmaking Reference maps show locations of places & geographic features(includes political & physical maps) Thematic maps tell stories, showing the degree of same attribute or the movement of a phenomenon Mental maps are the maps we carry in our mind(usually the closer a location is, the more clear sense of accuracy exists in our mental placement of it)

16 NBC NEWS CARTOGRAPHERS AND STUDENTS TRY TO KEEP UP WITH THE CHANGING WORLD

17 Reference Map

18 Thematic Map What story about median income in the Washington, DC area is this map telling?

19 KEY QUESTION #3: WHY DO GEOGRAPHERS USE MAPS & WHAT DO MAPS TELL US? Technology has transformed mapmaking & uses GPS(Global Positioning Systems) Remote Sensing(data collected by satellites & aircraft) GIS(Geographic Information Systems) Uses layers of data Has unlimited uses

20 Remote Sensing: a method of collecting data by instruments that are physically distant from the area of study.

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22 Geographic Information System: a collection of computer hardware and software that permits storage and analysis of layers of spatial data.