Migration-based Detection and Location of the Seismicity Induced at Rittershoffen Geothermal Field (Alsace, France)
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1 Migration-based Detection and Location of the Seismicity Induced at Rittershoffen Geothermal Field (Alsace, France) INSTITUTE OF APPLIED GEOSCIENCES DIVISION OF GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH Emmanuel GAUCHER (KIT) Alessia Maggi (EOST) Nicolas Cuenot (EEIG) Vincent Maurer (ES-G) AGIS Workshop on Induced Seismicity March, 2015 Davos Schatzalp, Switzerland AGIS-Davos KIT University Mar-15 of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association
2 Rittershoffen geothermal field Upper Rhine Graben EGS field for process heat 24 MWth ~2.5 km depth Triassic sandstone Paleozoic granite 70 L/s / 160 C (Baillieux, 2012) 100 km Landau 3MWe Insheim 4.8 MWe Soultz-sous-Forêts 2.2 MWe Brühl 5 MWe Bruchsal 0.55 MWe Rittershoffen 25 MWth Dec. 12: GRT1 drilled Jun. 13: GRT1 stimulation Jul. 14: GRT2 drilled (no stimul.)
3 Seismic network during GRT1 stimulation Short period sensors 8 stations from Soultz permanent network (1C/3C) 4 stations from Rittershoffen permanent network (3C) 5 stations from KIT temporary network (3C) GRT-1 Before water stimulation of GRT1 1 km IGN km
4 GRT1 stimulation induced seismicity Preliminary (semi-)automatic results (Obtained using SeisComp3) 174 events during stimulation 37 events 4 days later Max. M LV = 1.3 during / 1.6 after Cloud close to BoH Centre deeper than BoH ~ 1 km EW x 2 km NS x 2 km Z 4
5 Motivation > 100 event/hr Saturation of real-time manual processing 1 hour 5
6 Motivation > 100 event/hr Saturation of real-time manual processing Test a network-based automatic detection and location technique Calibrate it / Compare it with exhaustive manual (post-)processing ~900 events in 6 hours 6
7 Waveloc description Applied to the Piton de la Fournaise Volcano (Langet et al., BSSA, 2014 ) Automatic kurtosis-based migration detection and location technique 1. Pre-processing Raw channel filtering Detection function computation: Kurtosis 2. Migration Move-out correction Stack Store max XYZ (t i ) 3. Detection Location 7
8 Present application of Waveloc P-wave only Velocity model 1D layered Obtained from 0VSP Database 15 Z-components 27 Jun 14:30 20:30 Exhaustive manual processing (857) 8
9 Data pre-processing Objective: To enhance P-wave arrivals on each channel To tune the kurtosis calculation KUHL 9
10 Data pre-processing Raw Filtered Kurtosis Gradient of kurtosis Gradient of kurtosis better indicator of first arrival 500 ms window less dependent on event amplitude 5 s 10
11 Event detection Criteria 1. Threshold on migrated trace for a given number of stations (7) 2. SNR on filtered trace (3) 3. SNR on kurtosis trace (4) Comparison with manual Dt < 0.3 s Example Detected: 137 Common: % good detections 12% of manual events 11
12 Event detection 12
13 Location results Northing (km) Manual kd-a Depth (km TVD MSL) Manual kd-a Easting (km) Easting (km) Noticeable discrepancies with manual processing Waveloc location uncertainties Median: 400 m / 200 m / 500 m East North Depth Percentage deast dnorth ddepth Location uncertainties (+/- km) 13
14 Detection & Location variations Case 1 (red) Threshold = 4 x median Case 2 (blue) 73% good detections 12% of manual events Threshold = 5 x median 85% good detections 10% of manual events Percentage kd-a kd-a Occurrence time discrepancies Time difference (s) Location discrepancies kd-a kd-a kd-a kd-a Location discrepancies Distance difference Percentage Gradient of kurtosis value Depth difference (km) 14
15 Conclusions & Perspectives No migration-based locations provided yet Automatic processing needs calibration Needs manual processing Needs time Migration-based methods are strongly dependent on velocity models Introduction of station correction? Application using a denser network 15
16 Seismic network before drilling of GRT2 Short period sensors 8 stations from Soultz permanent network (1C/3C) 4 stations from Rittershoffen permanent network (3C) 31 stations from KIT temporary network (3C) GRT-1 Before water stimulation of GRT1 Before hydraulic tests of GRT1 Before drilling of GRT2 1 km IGN km
17 Thank you! GIPP
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Climate Division: CA 7 NWS Call Sign: Month (1) Min (2) Month(1) Extremes Lowest (2) Temperature ( F) Lowest Month(1) Degree s (1) Base Temp 65 Heating Cooling 100 Number of s (3) 70.4 44.2 57.3 95 1971
Climatography of the United States No
Climate Division: CA 6 NWS Call Sign: Month (1) Min (2) Month(1) Extremes Lowest (2) Temperature ( F) Lowest Month(1) Degree s (1) Base Temp 65 Heating Cooling 100 Number of s (3) 68.5 45.7 57.1 90 1971
Climatography of the United States No
Climate Division: CA 4 NWS Call Sign: Month (1) Min (2) Month(1) Extremes Lowest (2) Temperature ( F) Lowest Month(1) Degree s (1) Base Temp 65 Heating Cooling 100 Number of s (3) Jan 56.4 43.6 50.0 77
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Climate Division: CA 4 NWS Call Sign: Month (1) Min (2) Month(1) Extremes Lowest (2) Temperature ( F) Lowest Month(1) Degree s (1) Base Temp 65 Heating Cooling 100 Number of s (3) Jan 49.4 37.5 43.5 73
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Climatography of the United States No
Climate Division: CA 5 NWS Call Sign: Month (1) Min (2) Month(1) Extremes Lowest (2) Temperature ( F) Lowest Month(1) Degree s (1) Base Temp 65 Heating Cooling 100 Number of s (3) Jan 44.8 25.4 35.1 72
Climatography of the United States No
Climate Division: CA 1 NWS Call Sign: Month (1) Min (2) Month(1) Extremes Lowest (2) Temperature ( F) Lowest Month(1) Degree s (1) Base Temp 65 Heating Cooling 100 Number of s (3) Jan 57.9 38.9 48.4 85
Climatography of the United States No
Climate Division: CA 4 NWS Call Sign: Month (1) Min (2) Month(1) Extremes Lowest (2) Temperature ( F) Lowest Month(1) Degree s (1) Base Temp 65 Heating Cooling 1 Number of s (3) Jan 58.5 38.8 48.7 79 1962
Climatography of the United States No
Climate Division: CA 5 NWS Call Sign: Month (1) Min (2) Month(1) Extremes Lowest (2) Temperature ( F) Lowest Month(1) Degree s (1) Base Temp 65 Heating Cooling 100 Number of s (3) Jan 56.6 36.5 46.6 81
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Climate Division: CA 4 NWS Call Sign: Month (1) Min (2) Month(1) Extremes Lowest (2) Temperature ( F) Lowest Month(1) Degree s (1) Base Temp 65 Heating Cooling 100 Number of s (3) Jan 55.6 39.3 47.5 77
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