Department: Department of Policy Studies. Contact details:

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1 Course title: Environment and Economic Development Course code: MPE 142 No. of credits: 4 L-T-P: Learning hours: 56 Pre-requisite course code and title (if any): None Department: Department of Policy Studies Course coordinator: Dr. Nandan Nawn Contact details: nandan.nawn@teriuniversity.ac.in Course instructor Dr. Nandan Nawn Course type: Core Course offered in: Semester 1 Course description: The course content essentially covers a fairly comprehensive historical, economic and political overview of the link between economic development and the environment. The concluding section reviews global and local policy concerns for sustainable resource use with respect to a multiplicity of natural resources particularly focusing on the developing country context. The course consists of lectures, student led discussions, student presentations, and other assignments. To achieve the course objectives, active participation in class and timely completion of assignments are important. Students are also expected to search for currently debated environmental problems and policies in India and other countries that would trigger discussions in the class, especially during tutorials by tapping online sites of periodicals such as the The Economist & Down to Earth as well as the Annual Survey of the Environment published by The Hindu. Course objectives: 1. To understand the state of economic development and its impact on environment. 2. To understand the complex interface between social and environmental systems. 3. To acquire knowledge of social and environmental processes so that informed decisions can be made about the future state of resources. 4. To critically analyze genuine involvement of community groups and individuals in the process of environmental management. Course contents S.No Topic L T P 1 Introduction. 2 1 Economic development and natural resources The problem of social costs The notion of carrying capacity 2 Environmental History of the Twentieth Century. 3 1 Dimensions of environmental change in the lithosphere, pedosphere, atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the biosphere The role of population growth, migration, technological change, industrialization and international politics 3 The Meaning of Sustainable Development 3 1 Origin and evolution of the concept. The environmental costs of development. The political ecology of sustainability. Environmental justice and sustainability. 4 The Trajectory of Economic Growth and the Environment 10 3 Economic growth and the environment: A Review The Environment Kuznets Curve (EKC) Empirical evidence on the EKC with specific reference to: Air quality, Water quality and Forests. 5 Population, Poverty, Rural Development and the Environment 10 3 Population growth and the tragedy of the commons The poverty-environment nexus Rural development & environmental sustainability 6 Global & Local Policy Concerns for Sustainable Economic Development: 14 5 Introduction: Broad policy agenda, the special case of developing countries &

2 political economy issues The importance of green accounting Globalization, trade & multilateral donor agencies Centralized or decentralized governance? Policies for specific resources (protected areas, forests, water, air & energy resources) Climate change and developing countries The role of gender Total Evaluation criteria: 1. 1 Term paper: 25% 2. 2 minor tests: 30% (15% each) 3. 1 major test (end semester): 45% Learning outcomes: To compare strategies for sustainable development, resource enhancement and improvement of environmental quality. To articulate social, cultural and environmental outcomes of particular forms of resource and environmental management. To identify adequacy of new forms of scientific management of the environment. Materials: Suggested readings Basic Books: 1. Mcneill, J.R. (2000): Something New Under the Sun. An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World, W.W. Norton & Company Ltd 2. Adams, W.M. (2001): Green Development. Environment and Sustainability in the Third World, Routledge, N.York 3. Barbier, E. (2005): Natural Resources & Economic Development, Cambridge University Press 4. Ramon Lopez and Michael Toman eds. (2006) Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, Oxford University Press. Selected Papers & Chapters from Basic Books (Topic-wise) 1.Introduction Economic development and natural resources Barbier, E.B. (2003): The Role of Natural Resources in Economic Development, Discussion Paper 0227, Centre for International Economic Studies, School of Economics, Adelaide University, Australia, pp Toman, M. (2003): The Roles of the Environment and Natural Resources in Economic Growth Analysis, Discussion Paper 02-71, Resources for the Future, Washington D.C. Barbier, E. (2005): Natural Resources and Developing Countries: An Overview, in Natural Resources & Economic Development, Cambridge University Press, Chapter 1, pp The problem of social costs Coase, R. (1960): The Problem of Social Costs, The Journal of Law Economics, October, pp The notion of carrying capacity Arrow, K. et al. (1995): Economic Growth, Carrying Capacity and the Environment, Science, Vol. 269, pp Simpson, R.D., Toman, M. and Ayres, R.U. (2004): Scarcity and Growth in the New Millennium: Summary, Discussion paper 04-01, January, Resources for the Future, Washington D.C., pp Environmental History of the Twentieth Century.

3 Dimensions of environmental change in the lithosphere, pedosphere, atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the biosphere Mcneill, J.R. (2000): Something New Under the Sun. An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World, W.W. Norton & Company Ltd; Part-I The role of population growth, migration, technological change, industrialization and international politics Mcneill, J.R. (2000): Something New Under the Sun. An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World, W.W. Norton & Company Ltd; Part-II 2. The Meaning of Sustainable Development Origin and evolution of the concept The environmental costs of development The political ecology of sustainability. Adams, W.M. (2001): Green Development: Environment and Sustainability in the Third World, Routledge, N. York, Chapters 1-9 Beder, S. (2006): Environmental Principles and Policies: An Interdisciplinary Introduction, Sterling, VA: Earthscan, pp Scoones, I., (2007): Sustainability, Development Practice, Vol. 17, Nos. 4-5, August. Environmental justice and sustainability. Agyeman, J. (2007): Environmental Justice and Sustainability in G. Atkinson, S. Dietz, and E. Neumayer (eds.): Handbook of Sustainable Development, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, pp The Trajectory of Economic Growth and the Environment Economic growth and the environment: A Review Brock, W.A. and Taylor, M.S. (2004): Economic Growth and the Environment: A Review of Theory and Empirics, NBER Working Paper, W The Environment Kuznets Curve (EKC) Barbier, E. (1997): Introduction to the Environment Kuznets Curve. Special Issue: Introduction, Environment and Development Economics, Vol. 2 (4): pp Dasgupta, S., Laplante, Benoite, Wang Hua and Wheeler, David (2002): Confronting the Environmental Kuznets Curve, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 16, No. 1, Winter, pp Yandle, B. M. Bhattarai and M. Vijayraghavan (2004): Environment Kuznets Curves: A Review of Findings, Methods and Policy Implications, Research Policy 02-1, April Deacon, R.T. (2004): Does the Environment Kuznets Curve Describe how Individual Countries Behave? Empirical evidence on the EKC with specific reference to: Air quality, Water quality and Forests (Air Quality) Grossman, G.M. and A.B. Krueger (1991): Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement, NBER Working Paper No. 3914, Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research. (Water Quality) Grossman, G.M. and A.B. Krueger (1994): Economic Growth and the Environment Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 110, pp (Forests) Bardhan, P., Baland, J.M., Das, S, Mookherjee, D. and Sarkar, R. (2007) "Managing the Environmental Consequences of Growth: Forest Degradation in the Indian Mid-Himalayas" in Suman Bery, Barry Bossworth, and Arvind Panagariya, (eds.), India Policy Forum, Vol. 3, Sage Publications, New Delhi, pp

4 5. Population, Poverty, Rural Development and the Environment Population growth and the tragedy of the commons Hardin, G., (1968): The Tragedy of the Commons, Science, Vol. 162, pp Dasgupta, P. (2003): Population, Poverty and the Natural Environment, in Maller, K.G. and Vincent, J.R., (eds.) Handbook of Environmental Economics, Volume 1: Environmental Degradation and Institutional Response, pp The poverty-environment nexus Duraiappah, A. (1996): Poverty and Environmental Degradation: A Literature Review and Analysis, CREED Working Paper Series No. 8, October, pp Forsyth, T., Leach, M. and Scoones, I. (1998): Poverty and Environment: Priorities for Research Policy. An Overview Study, Institute of Development Studies, Sussex, Prepared for the UNDP and European Commission, September, pp Scherr, S. J. (2000): A Downward Spiral? Research Evidence on the Relationship between Poverty and Natural Resource Degradation, Food Policy, Vol. 25, pp Barbier, E. (2006): Natural Capital, Resource Dependency and Poverty in Developing Countries: The Problem of Dualism within Dualism, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp Rural development & environmental sustainability Rao, C.H. (1988): Agricultural Development & Ecological Degradation. An Analytical Framework, Economic and Political Weekly, December 24-31, pp. A Mueller, S. (2006): Rural Development, Environmental Sustainability and Poverty Alleviation: A Critique of Current Paradigms, Working Paper No. 11, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations. 6. Global & Local Policy Concerns for Sustainable Economic Development: Introduction: Broad policy agenda, the special case of developing countries & political economy issues Sachs, J.D. and W.V. Reid (2006): Investments Towards Sustainable Development, Policy Forum, Science Vol. 312, May 19, pp Barbier, E. (2005): Policies for Sustainable Resource-Based Development in Poor Economies, in Barbier, E. Natural Resources & Economic Development, Cambridge University Press, Chapter 10, pp Somanathan, E. and Sterner, T. (2006): Environmental Policy Instruments and Institutions in Developing Countries, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp Strand, J. and Mundaca, G. (2006): Impacts of Macroeconomic Policies on the Environment, Natural Resources and Welfare in Developing Countries, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp Deacon, R.T. and Mueller, B. (2006): Political Economy and Natural Resource Use, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp The importance of green accounting

5 Hamilton, K. and Hassan, R. (2006): Measuring Development Prospects by Greening the National Accounts, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp Globalization, trade & multilateral donor agencies Copeland, B.R. and Gulati, S. (2006): Trade and the Environment in Developing Countries, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp Lopez, R. (2006): Structural Adjustment and Sustainable Development, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp Shiva, V. (2005): Poverty and Globalization, in Dryzek, J.S. and Schlosberg, D. (eds.): Debating the Earth: The Environmental Politics Reader, eds., 2nd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, pp Centralized or decentralized governance? Bromley, D.W. and Chapagain, D.P. (1984): The Village Against the Centre: Resource Depletion in South Asia, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 6 (5), pp Pretty, Jules and Ward, H. (2001): Social Capital and the Environment, World Development, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp Wade, R. (1987): The Management of Common Property Resources: Finding a Cooperative Solution, The World Bank Resource Observer, Vol. 2. No. 3, pp Baland, Jean-Marie and Platteau, Jean-Philippe (2000): Halting Degradation of Natural Resources. Is there a Role for Rural Communities?, Part II, FAO & Oxford University Press. Mansuri, G. and Rao, V. (2004): Community Based and Driven Development: A Critical Review, The World Bank Research Observer, Vol. 19, No. 1 p.p Policies for specific resources (protected areas, forests, water, air & energy resources) PROTECTED AREAS: Guha, R., (1989): Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third World Critique, Environmental Ethics, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp Brandon, K.E. and Wells, M. (1992): Planning for People and Parks: Design Dilemmas, World Development, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp Ferraro, P.J. and Kiss, A. (2002): Direct Payments to Conserve Biodiversity, Policy Forum: Ecology, Science Vol. 298, 29 November, p.p Heidi, J.A. and Ferraro, P. (2006): The Economics of Terrestrial Biodiversity Conservation in Developing Countries, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp FORESTS: Dove, M. (1993): A Revisionist View of Tropical Deforestation and Development, Environmental Conservation, Vol. 20, No. 1, Spring. Barbier, E.B. and Burgess, J.C. (2001): The Economics of Tropical Deforestation, Journal of Economic Surveys, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp

6 Bulte, E. and Engel, S. (2006): Conservation of Tropical Forests: Addressing Market Failure., in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp WATER: Markandya, A. (2006): Water Quality Issues in Developing Countries, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp AIR Saleth, R.M. and Dinar, A. (2006): Water Institutional Reforms in Developing Countries: Insights, Evidences and Case Studies, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp Krupnick, A.J. (2006): Urban Air Pollution, Health and Policy Instruments, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp ENERGY: Barnes, D.F. and Toman, M. A. (2006): Energy, Equity and Economic Development, in Lopez, R. and Toman, M.A. (eds.), Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability: New Policy Options, New York. NY: Oxford University Press, pp Climate change and developing countries Somanathan, E. (2008): What Do We Expect from an International Climate Agreement? A Perspective from a Low-income country, Discussion Paper 08-27, The Harvard Project on International Climate Agreements, Harvard Kennedy School The role of gender Dankelman, Irene. (2002): Climate Change: Learning from Gender Analysis and Women s Experiences of Organizing for Sustainable Development, Gender and Development 10 (2): 21-29, July. Momsen, J. H. (2007): Gender and Biodiversity: A New Approach to Linking Environment and Development, in Geography Compass, 1 (2), pp The term paper involves the following tasks: Stage 1: A one page write-up in the nature of a research proposal on any topic in the syllabus you may want to investigate in further detail. The importance of the topic needs to be justified with reference to the Indian context. Students are advised to take up case studies that are resource specific.. Stage 2: A two page outline of the research methodology you would adopt for investigating the problem. Stage 3: Turn in a paper consisting of double spaced typed pages. Not more than 5 pages may be used to review related literature. The rest of the term paper should be devoted for analysing and unearthing the trade-offs, inter linkages, politics or equity issues relevant to the environment-development debate that the case-study depicts. A concluding opinionated section should be added for highlighted appropriate policy thrusts which reinforce sustainability concerns. All term papers are to be presented in class. Presentations should be of about 15 to 20 minutes. Additional information (if any): Student responsibilities: Attendance, feedback, discipline: as per university rules. Course reviewers: