DA VINCI DECATHLON 2018

Transcription

1 STATE DA VINCI DECATHLON 2018 CELEBRATING THE ACADEMIC GIFTS OF STUDENTS IN YEARS 7 & 8 CARTOGRAPHY TEAM NUMBER Total /12 /11 /10 /14 /13 /60 1

2 QUESTION ONE TAKEN BY SURPRISE THE TASK PART ONE 12 MARKS If there is information available to humans, you can be sure that it will be mapped. The examples you will see below are firm evidence of this. You will be presented with a number of maps, all related to theme of the unexpected, as well as a bank of answers (not all are to be used) match up the categories of information to the maps! 1. EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS (NOT just earthquakes or just eruptions) 2. FOSSIL DISCOVERIES 3. UFO SIGHTINGS 2

3 4. METEORITES 5. LOTTERY WINNERS 6. FLOODS ANSWER BANK Tsunamis UFO sightings Stock market crashes Terrorist attacks Most expensive property sales Meteorites Floods Bird Flu outbreaks Political assassinations Solar flares Lottery wins Major industrial accidents Earthquakes Volcanic eruptions Fossil discoveries Hurricanes Earthquakes/Volcanic eruptions Mass shootings Heatwaves Satellite collisions Record court payouts Bigfoot sightings 3

4 THE TASK PART TWO This section requires you to draw on your own knowledge in order to create a map similar to the ones above. You will be given two templates on which to do this, and each answer is worth three marks 1.5 marks for relevance and originality of chosen topic, and 1.5 marks for detail and accuracy of map (half marks obviously to be awarded). Your topics can be as specific as you would like, and you can choose to map the information however you see fit dots, shading, colour coding, etc. The only restriction is that your chosen topics MUST relate the theme of the unexpected. 7. Australia Topic: 4

5 8. Worldwide Topic: 5

6 QUESTION TWO GOING TO NEED A RECOUNT THE TASK The 1978 Yearbook of Australia states that Australia s coastline measures a length of 36,735km. The Australian Handbook says it is 19,320km. Both are accepted as being technically correct. This is the infamous coastline paradox. With modern technology, you would expect that it isn t too difficult to measure a country s coastline. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Some even say that Australia s coastline is as long as 132,000km, and because of the coastline paradox you could argue for an even greater length than this. This task is designed to test whether you can figure out why this puzzling phenomenon exists. Use your intuition and the information above to answer the questions below. QUESTIONS 11 MARKS 1. Australia is an island therefore, its entire area is surrounded by coastline. What is the logical deduction about coastline length that flows from this, and why? (2 marks) ONE mark The area inside the coastline is finite ONE mark Therefore the coastline also has a finite length 2. Despite such a deduction, we have, as highlighted above, vastly different measurements for the length of Australia s coastline, and those of many other countries too. Explain why these differences occur. (3 marks). ONE mark different units of measurement are being used, which causes different lengths to occur ONE mark greater length when smaller units are used (i.e. when measuring using lengths of 1000km vs. lengths of 1km) ONE mark because this means more of the twists and turns in the landscape are or are not measured 6

7 3. There are two further factors that make it impossible to accurately identify the length of a coastline. What are they? (2 marks) a) EROSION b) TIDES 4. This paradox can be compared to what is known as Koch s snowflake (pictured right). This is a representation of what mathematical concept beginning with f? (1 mark) FRACTALS 5. It will likely never be possible to assert the length of a country s coastline. However, there is a way to ameliorate the effects of the coastline paradox from an international perspective. How? (1 mark) Have a standard unit of measurement (e.g. 100km lengths) therefore at least lengths of different country s coastlines will be in correct relative proportions to each other. 6. The distance from Sydney to Melbourne is roughly 700km as the crow flies. Using this statistic, can you identify what was used in determining the following lengths of Australia s coastline? (2 marks) (HALF MARK EACH) 10,830 km: 1000km 11,900km: 24,350km: 132,000km: 500km 1km 1mm (Hint: all answers are round or unitary) 7

8 QUESTION THREE SMILE! YOU RE ON CAMERA THE TASK 10 MARKS Google Street View arguably the most popular and useful modern cartography tool. By 2012, it had already covered over eight million kilometres of road, and that number is undoubtedly even larger today. Unfortunately for some (and hilariously for most others), the fact that so much of the world s roads and landscapes have been digitally mapped means that many unexpected, random and embarrassing images have been caught on by the Google Street View cameras. You will be provided with a selection of these below use the information that you can see in the images to determine where each image was captured. You will be provided with an answer bank at the bottom of the task (not all answers are to be used). QUESTIONS 1. NEW YORK 2. BOTSWANA 8

9 3. ENGLAND 4. COLORADO 5. JAPAN 9

10 6. PERTH 7. NORWAY 8. EDINBURGH 10

11 9. SCOTLAND 10. BRAZIL ANSWER BANK Sydney Botswana Kathmandu Scotland Perth Laos Norway Edinburgh Budapest Brazil Wollongong Colorado Japan Egypt New York Moscow England 11

12 QUESTION FOUR GO DOWN IN HISTORY THE TASK 14 MARKS On the following page is a map of Australia, with lines of longitude and latitude provided. Your task is to use this map to determine the coordinates of some of the most unexpected yet seminal moments in our national history. Each of the seven moments below is worth two marks. If both coordinates of your answer are within 1 of the correct answer, you will receive two marks. If both coordinates of your answer are within 2.5 but not both within 1, you will receive one mark out of two. Please answer to the nearest 0.5 degree. ANSWER TABLE EVENT Dismissal of Gough Whitlam 35.0 S, E COORDINATES Eureka Stockade 37.5 S, E 1942 bombings by Japan 12.5 S, E Beaconsfield Mine collapse 41.5 S, E Disappearance of Harold Holt 38.5 S, E Discovery of the Wollemi pine 33.0 S, E Port Arthur Massacre 43.0 S, E 12

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14 QUESTION FIVE THE REAL WORLD THE TASK 11 MARKS One of the most common phrases employed across the internet is expectation vs reality, usually with a pair of humorous contrasting images or other pieces of media. This task extends upon that phrase, in map form! On the following pages you will be presented with three sets of blank maps of famous locations. Your challenge is to complete each of them so that they clearly show the differences between the expectations of tourists and the realities faced upon arrival. Your answers should predominantly be in the form of a pictorial map, but additional marks will be awarded to teams who also incorporate cartographic features. Furthermore, answers that most clearly show the differences between expectation and reality will score highest. A full marking guideline is below, and an example (which is by no means a perfect answer) is provided to the right. MARKING GUIDELINES The first and second pairs of maps are worth four marks each, and the third pair is worth three marks. Each pair will be marked holistically, but with a consideration of the following criteria: Degree of detail; Aesthetic appeal; Clear contrast between expectation and reality; Originality of subject matter; Incorporation of cartographic features and elements. 14

15 LOCATION ONE VENICE Expectation: vs. Reality: 15

16 LOCATION TWO NEW SOUTH WALES Expectation: vs. Reality: 16

17 LOCATION THREE LONDON Expectation: vs. Reality: 17