Synthesis and Characterization of Novel 1,3-oxazepin-5(1H)-one Derivatives via Reaction of Imine Compounds with Isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one

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1 Acta Pharm. Sci. Vol 55 No: DOI: / APS Synthesis and Characterization of Novel 1,3-oxazepin-5(1H)-one Derivatives via Reaction of Imine Compounds with Isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one Obaid Hasan Abid 1*, Hiba Maher Tawfeeq 2, Rasim Farraj Muslim 3 1 Department of Scientific Affairs and Graduate Studies, University of Fallujah, Anbar, Iraq 2 Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Anbar, Al-Anbar, Iraq 3 Department of Ecology, College of Applied Sciences-Heet, University of Anbar, Al-Anbar, Iraq ABSTRACT The objective of this work is preparation of imine compounds from aromatic aldehyde reaction with aromatic primary amines to interfere with the preparation of disubstituted-oxazepine derivatives from the reaction of prepared imine compounds with isobenzofuran-1(3h)-one compound. Experimental part included synthesis of imine compounds (S 1 -S 5 ) and synthesis of disubstituted-oxazepine derivatives (S 6 -S 10 ). A number of new disubstituted-oxazepine derivatives were synthesized by acid-catalyzed cycloaddition- reaction of imine compounds with isobenzofuran-1(3h)-one in anhydrous THF under dry and reflux conditions with high yields. Imine compounds were synthesized by thermal condensation reaction of aromatic aldehydes, with aromatic primary amines. The products were identified by their melting point, FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra. The formation of stable 7th membered 1,3- oxazepine ring has been achieved by (5+2) cycloaddition reaction of isobenzofuran-1(3h)-one compound and imine group. The results of FT- IR and 1H-NMR showed that the target molecules were clearly formed due to the least obstructive effect in all preparation processes. Keywords: Imine compound; isobenzofuran-1(3h)-one; disubstituted-oxazepine derivatives. INTRODUCTION Imine compounds Imine compounds are class of compounds containing the imine group (-HC=N), usually prepared by the condensation of amino group in primary amines with an active carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones, they are versatile precursors in the synthesis of industrial compounds via ring closure, and they exhibit a wide *Corresponding author: Obaid Hasan Abid, address: ra80sim@yahoo.com (Received 06 August 2017, accepted 20 September 2017) 43

2 range of biological activities and pharmacological applications. 1-3 The reaction of 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with 1-benzylpiperidin-4-amine presence of per chloric acid efficiently gave the imine product (Scheme 1). 4 Scheme 1. The effect of catalyst on imine compound formation As well as the reaction of nicotinohydrazide with 2-chloro quinoline-3-carbaldehyde produce the imine compound in good yield (Scheme 2). 5 Scheme 2. Uses of lemon juice to prepare imine compound Oxazepine Derivatives Oxazepines are class of heterocyclic compounds of seven- membered ring with two hetero- atoms (O and N), oxygen atom is located at position (1) and nitrogen atom in the (-2, -3 or-4) positions as shown in scheme 3. 6 Scheme 3. Structures of oxazepines Oxazepines have been synthesized mainly by dipolar cycloaddition reaction of imine compounds with five atoms cyclic anhydride, such as phthalic, succinic, maleic pyromellitic and others For example, the reaction of phthalic anhydride with N-(4-(dimethylamino) benzylidene) thiophen-2-amine in dry benzene gave an 1,3-oxazepine derivaties (Scheme 4)

3 Scheme 4. Synthesized of oxazepine-1,5-dione derivatives In scheme 5, the product of the reaction between pyromellitic anhydride and derivative of (E)-5-(((5-(p-to 1yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino)methyl)furan- 2(5H)-one compound. 13 Scheme 5. Pyromellitic anhydride in bis([1,3]oxazepine)-1,5,7,11-tetraone synthesis METHODOLOGY Melting points were recorded on Electrothermal Melting Point Apparatus (uncorrected). FT-IR spectra were recorded at room temperature from ( ) cm -1 on Infrared Spectrophotometer Model Tensor 27 Bruker Co., Germany, and the 1 H-NMR spectra was recorded on Bruker Ac-300MHz spectrometer. Synthesis of imine compounds (S 1 -S 5 ) Imine compounds were synthesized according to literature procedure. 9,16,17 An equimolar mixtures (0.02mol) of aldehydes and aromatic amines and trace of glacial acetic acid as catalyst in absolute ethanol (25ml) was placed in a (100ml) round-bottom flask equipped with condenser and stirring bar. The mixture was allowed to react at reflux temperature for 4hr, then to cool down to room temperature, whereby a crystalline solid separated out. The solid product was filtered off and recrystallized form ethanol. The structural formuli, nomenclature, melting points, colors, and percentage yields for the synthesized Imine compounds are given in Table 1. 45

4 Table 1. Structural formuli, nomenclature, melting points, colors, and % yields of imines compound (S 1 -S 5 ). Comp. Code Structural formuli Nomenclature Yield % m.p. C Color S 1 (E)-1-(4- chlorobenzylidene)- 2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) hydrazine 82% Orange S 2 (E)-1-(4- bromobenzylidene)- 2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) hydrazine 84% Orange S 3 (E)-4-((2-(2,4- dinitrophenyl) hydrazono)methyl) phenol 80% Bright dark red S 4 (E)-4-(4- hydroxybenzylidene amino)-1,5-dimethyl- 2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol- 3(2H)-one 83% Bright pale yellow S 5 4-(5-chloro-2- hydroxybenzylid eneamino)-1,5-dimethyl- 2-phe nyl -1H-pyrazol- 3(2H)-one 89% Bright pale yellow 11, 14 Synthesis of disubstituted-oxazepine derivatives (S 6 -S 10 ) In well dried 100-ml round-bottom flask equipped with condenser a mixture of Imine compound (0.01mol) and isobenzofuran-1(3h)-one (0.01mol) dissolved in (20ml) of tetrahydrofuran (THF) with trace of glacial acetic acid as catalyst was refluxed for 3hr and left to stand for 24hr at room temperature then solid product separated out. The solid product was filtered off and recrystallized form ethanol. The structural formuli, nomenclature, melting points, colors, and percentage yields for the synthesized disubstituted-1,3-oxazepine derivatives are given in Table 2. 46

5 Table 2. Structural formuli, nomenclature, melting points, colors, and % yields of disubstituted-oxazepine derivatives (S 6 -S 10 ). Comp. Code Structural formuli Nomenclature Yield % m.p. C Color S 6 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4- (2,4-dinit rophenylamino)- 3,4-dihydrobe nzo[e][1,3] oxazepin-5(1h)-one 95% Orange S 7 3-(4-bromophenyl)-4- (2,4-di nitrophenylamino)- 3,4-dihydro benzo[e][1,3] oxazepin-5(1h)-one 96% Orange S 8 4-(2,4-dinitrophenylamino)- 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 3,4dihydro benzo [e][1,3] oxazepin-5(1h)-one 93% Bright dark red S 9 4-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo- 2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro- 1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3-(4- hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro benzo [e][1,3]oxazepin- 5(1H)-one 83% Yellow S 10 3-(5-chloro-2- hydroxyphenyl)-4-(1,5- dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl- 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)-3,4-di hydrobenzo[e] [1,3] oxazepin-5(1h)-one 96% Pale yellow RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Imine compounds were synthesized from commercially available aldehydes with primary amines and identified by their melting points, FT-IR, the FT-IR spectra, example figures 1 and 2, showed the appearance of the stretching absorption bands of the characteristic groups of the resulting imine (C=N) at ( ) cm -1 beside the characteristic bands of the residual groups in the structure, Table 3, indicative of formation of the products. 18 The mechanism of imine compounds formation, Scheme 6, was thoroughly studied and established by many authorized literatures

6 Figure 1. FT-IR spectra of S 1 Figure 2. FT-IR spectra of S 2 48

7 Table 3. FTIR of imine compounds (S 1 -S 5 ). FT-IR, n(cm -1 ) Comp. Code C=N C=C Aromatic C-H Aromatic C-H Alkene Asymmetric C-H Ali. Symmetric Others S NO , 1317 N-H 3283 C-Cl 823 S NO , 1324 N-H 3263 S NO , 1305 O-H 3422 N-H 3257 S C=O 1601 O-H 3582 S C=O 1634 C-Cl 815 O-H 3450 The reaction of the aldehydes compounds and amine compounds to prepare imine compounds is given in the following equation (See scheme 6). Scheme 6. Mechanism for the formation of imine compounds In this work, the synthesis of new disubstituted-oxazepine derivatives by direct reaction of several imine compounds with Isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one in dry THF is reported. The synthesis of these compounds was achieved by the reaction of imine compounds and isobenzofuran-1(3h)-one in anhydrous THF at dry and 49

8 reflux conditions. The resulting products were identified by their melting points, FT-IR and 1 H-NMR spectra. The FT-IR spectra, figures (3) and (4), table (4) showed characteristic stretching absorption bands at ( ) cm -1 indicative of C=O (lactam) bond formation beside the characteristic stretching absorption bands of the residual groups in the structure. 18 Figure 3. FT-IR spectra of S 7 Figure 4. FT-IR spectra of S 8 50

9 Table 4. FT-IR of disubstituted-oxazepine derivatives (S 6 -S 10 ). FT-IR, n(cm -1 ) Comp. Code C=O Lactam C-O Lactam C-N Lactam C=C Aromatic C-H Aromatic Asymmetric C-H Aliphatic Symmetric Others S NO , 1327 N-H 3286 C-Cl 825 S NO , 1330 N-H 3299 S NO , 1306 O-H b3412 N-H 3262 S O-H 3450 S O-H b3462 C-Cl 819 The 1 H-NMR spectrum of compound S 9 in solvent DMSO, Figure (5) showed chemical shifts, δ(ppm), single in 1.23 (3H, N-CH 3 ), single in 2.44 (3H, =C-CH 3 ), single in 3.13 (2H, O-CH 2 ), single in 9.46 (1H, N-CH), single in 9.93 (1H, OH), multiplet (13H, aromatic proton) and spectrum of compound S 10, Figure 6 showed chemical shifts, δ(ppm), singlet in 1.23 (3H, N-CH ), singlet in (3H,, =C-CH 3 ), singlet in 3.43 (2H, O-CH 2 ), singlet in 9.67 (1H, N-CH), singlet in (1H, OH), multiplet (13H, aromatic proton), (20) other chemical shifts, δ(ppm) of compounds (S 6 -S 8 ), are given in Table 5. 51

10 Figure 5. 1 H-NMR spectra of S 9 Figure 6. 1 H-NMR spectra of S 10 52

11 Table 5. The 1 H-NMR spectra of disubstituted-oxazepine derivatives (S 6 -S 10 ) in DMSO. Comp. Code S 6 S 7 S 8 S 9 S 10 Chemical Shift δ ppm Singlet in 2.26 (2H, O-CH 2 ), singlet in 4.71 (1H, -NH) singlet in (1H, N-CH), multiplet in (11H, aromatic proton). Singlet in 3.26 (2H, O-CH 2 ), singlet in 4.70 (1H, -NH), singlet in (1H, N-CH), multiplet in (11H, aromatic proton). Singlet in 3.35 (2H, O-CH 2 ), singlet in 4.37 (1H, -NH), singlet in (1H, N-CH), singlet in (1H, OH), multiplet (11H, aromatic proton). Singlet in 1.23 (3H, N-CH 3 ), singlet in 2.44 (3H, =C-CH 3 ), singlet in 3.13 (2H, O-CH 2 ), singlet in 9.46 (1H, N-CH), singlet in 9.93 (1H, OH), multiplet (13H, aromatic proton). Singlet in 1.23 (3H, N-CH 3 ), singlet in 2.42 (3H,, =C-CH 3 ), singlet in 3.43 (2H, O-CH 2 ), singlet in 9.67 (1H, N-CH), singlet in (1H, OH), multiplet (13H, aromatic Proton). It may be concluded that the reaction takes place via concerted (5+2) dipolar cycloaddition mechanism in which the mild nucleophile (imine) attacked the electrophilic carbon atom of the carbonyl group to give a dipolar intermediate, which collapses to give the target molecule, the roll of the acid-catalyst is to enhance the electro positivity of the carbon nucleus. The reaction of the prepared imine compounds with Isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one is given in the following equation (See scheme 7). Scheme 7. Synthesized of disubstituted oxazepine derivatives 53

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