Experiment 2 Solvent-free Aldol Condensation between 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 1-indanone
|
|
- Victoria Ball
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Experiment 2 Solvent-free Aldol Condensation between 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 1-indanone Chemical Concepts Carbonyl chemistry, base catalyzed aldol reaction, melting point, recrystallization Green Chemistry Concepts Concepts: solvent free reaction, solid-solid reaction at room temperature, high atom economy, and ease of separation and waste prevention. Green chemistry principles Atom economy, safer solvents and auxiliaries, use of selective catalyst, safer chemistry. The Aldol condensation is one of the few reactions and perhaps the most powerful and useful reaction, used to form new carbon- carbon bonds. It is widely used in synthetic chemistry. Many biological systems utilize the aldol condensation or one of its variations to build up the carbon skeletons of many complex naturally occurring compounds. Under the influence of a dilute base or dilute acid, two molecules of an aldehyde or ketone may combine together to form a b hydroxy aldehyde or b-hydroxy ketone. The reaction is called aldol condensation. In every case the product results from addition of one molecule of aldehyde (or ketone) to second molecule in such a way that a-carbon of the first becomes attached to the carbonyl carbon of the second. 9
2 (b) This reactant is mixed with a catalyst (c) A carbonyl compound that contains a-hydrogen is added slowly to this mixture. In this experiment, aldol condensation reaction of 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 1-indanone is done. Conventional method of preparation The reaction is carried out in absolute ethanol according to the method of Waltanasin and Murphy. Powdered reactants are dissolved in absolute ethanol and powdered sodium hydroxide is added. The reaction mixture is stirred overnight during which time products separate from the reaction mixture as solids. 1M aqueous HCl is added to the slurry to quench the reaction and this leads to further precipitate. The precipitation is filtered off and where necessary, recrystallized in appropriate solvent. Green Method of preparation Some solvent-free aldol condensation reactions between acetophenone derivatives and benzaldehyde are known. In many of these reactions one of the reagents is a liquid at room temperature and in all cases aldehydes without a-hydrogen are used to ensure that only a single aldol condensation process is possible. In the reaction between 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 1-indanone, also a single condensation product is expected as the aldehyde bears no a-hydrogen and cannot act as a carbon nucleophile. Another advantage is that both reactants are solid at room temperature yet react under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. This is done simply by grinding the solid reagents together with solid NaOH. Moreover, remarkably a high degree of conversion is achieved and 11
3 a single major product results. It produces only a small quantity of aqueous acidic waste. Although such reactions are frequently referred to as solid state reactions. It has been noted that in many cases mixture of the solid reactants results in melting so that the reaction actually occurs in the liquid albeit solvent-free state. The aldol condensation if affected without dehydration has an atom economy of 100% and requires only a catalytic amount of acid or base and even with dehydration; the atom economy remains very high. Chemicals and equipment Sodium hydroxide 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde 1-indanone 10% aqueous HCl ph paper 90% ethanol Glass rod Watch glass Mortar and pestle Filtration flask Vacuum pump Test tube Filter paper 12 Procedure Separately grind 0.25 g of 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 0.20 g of 1-indanone in a pestle & mortar. Mix them together in a test tube and crush the two solids together with a glass rod until they become brown oil (mix carefully to avoid breaking the tube). Add 0.05 g of finely ground solid NaOH to the reaction mixture and continue mixing until it becomes solid, and allow the mixture to stand for 15 minutes. Add about 2 ml of 10% aqueous HCl solution. Check the ph of solution to make sure it is acidic, filter, wash with 1 ml of water and dry to yield 94% of the compound. Recrystallise from 90% ethanol. This remarkably simple yet effective methodology is further enhanced by the stability of the powdered intermediate formed after grinding. The solid material obtained at this stage may be stored, prior to work up, for a lengthy period of time. No deterioration in product quality was noted after storing of solid reaction mixture, without protection from either light or atmospheric oxygen or water for 1 month. This advantage makes this methodology attractive in industrial application.
4 REFERENCES Raston, C.L. and Scott, J.L. Green Chemistry, 2000, 2, 49. Wattansin,S. and Murphy, W.S. Synthesis, 1980,
5 Success is a journey, not a destination. The doing is often more important than the outcome.... Arthur Ashe Too Much of Anything is Harmful... even Heating It can cause an EXPLOSION 15
12BL Experiment 8: Green Chem: Solvent-Free Aldol Condensation-Dehydration
12BL Experiment 8: Green Chem: Solvent-Free Aldol Condensation-Dehydration Safety: Proper lab goggles/glasses must be worn (even over prescription glasses). As always, ask where organic waste containers
More informationExpt 9: The Aldol Condensation
Expt 9: The Aldol Condensation INTRDUCTIN Reactions that form carbon-carbon bonds are particularly important in organic chemistry as they allow the synthesis of more complex structures from simpler molecules.
More informationExperiment 3. Condensation Reactions of Ketones and Aldehydes: The Aldol Condensation Reaction.
Experiment 3. Condensation Reactions of Ketones and Aldehydes: The Aldol Condensation Reaction. References: Brown & Foote, Chapters 16, 19, 23 INTRODUCTION: This experiment continues the saga of carbon-carbon
More information12BL Experiment 8: Green Chem: Solvent-Free Aldol Condensation-Dehydration
12BL Experiment 8 Green Chem Solvent-Free Aldol Condensation-Dehydration Safety Proper lab goggles/glasses must be worn (even over prescription glasses). As always, ask where organic waste containers are
More informationExperiment 1: Preparation of Vanillyl Alcohol
Experiment 1: Preparation of Vanillyl Alcohol INTRDUCTIN A common method for preparing alcohols is the reduction of aldehydes to form primary alcohols [equation (1)] or of ketones to produce secondary
More informationAldol Condensation Notes
Reminder: These notes are meant to supplement, not replace, the laboratory manual. Aldol Condensation Notes History and Application Condensation reactions are molecular transformations that join together
More informationLab #6: CARBOXYLIC ACIDS LAB
lab Lab #6: CARBOXYLIC ACIDS LAB Name PART I: Preparation of Carboxylic Acids (a) Oxidation of an Aldehyde by Oxygen from the Air: Benzaldehyde is an aromatic aldehyde with a familiar odor. On a clean,
More informationSodium Borohydride Reduction of Benzoin
Sodium Borohydride Reduction of Benzoin Introduction The most common and useful reducing agents for reducing aldehydes, ketones, and other functional groups are metal hydride reagents. The two most common
More informationSynthesis of Tetraphenylcyclopentadienone. Becky Ortiz
Synthesis of Tetraphenylcyclopentadienone Becky Ortiz Introduction An aldol reaction is a reaction in which aldehydes or ketones undergo a base- catalyzed carbonyl condensation reaction to form a beta-
More informationAP Chemistry Lab #5- Synthesis and Analysis of Alum (Big Idea 1 & 2)
www.pedersenscience.com AP Chemistry Lab #5- Synthesis and Analysis of Alum (Big Idea 1 & 2) 1.A.1: Molecules are composed of specific combinations of atoms; different molecules are composed of combinations
More informationExperiment 12: Grignard Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol
1 Experiment 12: Grignard Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol Reactions that form carbon-carbon bonds are among the most useful to the synthetic organic chemist. In 1912, Victor Grignard received the Nobel
More informationExperiment V: Multistep Convergent Synthesis: Synthesis of Hexaphenylbenzene
Experiment V: Multistep Convergent Synthesis: Synthesis of Hexaphenylbenzene 1) Introduction CH H Thiamine HCl (V-02) ah (aq) Cu(Ac) 2 H 4 3 HAc V-01 V-03 V-04 Me 3 + H - V-05 V-06 Tetraphenylcyclopentadieneone
More information12BL Experiment 7: Vanillin Reduction
12BL Experiment 7: Vanillin Reduction Safety: Proper lab goggles/glasses must be worn (even over prescription glasses). WEAR GLOVES and please handle the following chemicals with care: Hydrochloric acid
More informationThe Synthesis of Triphenylmethano. will synthesize Triphenylmethanol, a white crystalline aromatic
HEM 333L rganic hemistry Laboratory Revision 2.0 The Synthesis of Triphenylmethano ol In this laboratory exercise we will synthesize Triphenylmethanol, a white crystalline aromatic compound. Triphenylmethanol
More informationNucleophilic displacement - Formation of an ether by an S N 2 reaction The Williamson- Ether Synthesis
Nucleophilic displacement - Formation of an ether by an S N 2 reaction The Williamson- Ether Synthesis Bond formation by use of an S N 2 reaction is very important for organic and biological synthesis.
More informationExperiment 7 - Preparation of 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene
Experiment 7 - Preparation of 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene OBJECTIVE To provide experience with the Wittig Reaction, one of the most versatile reactions available for the synthesis of an alkene. INTRODUCTION
More informationExperiment 5 (Part 1): Aldol
1 By: Krishnaa Siva Date: November 28, 2012, Thursday 1:30-5:30 PM Lab Group TA: Mathieu Bedard Experiment 5 (Part 1): Aldol 1. Objective: 1 mark What is the purpose of this experiment? The objective of
More information1 Answer. 2 Answer A B C D
216 W10-Exam #1 Page 1 of 9. I. (8 points) 1) Given below are infrared (IR) spectra of four compounds. The structures of compounds are given below. Assign each spectrum to its compound by putting the letter
More informationCHEM Chapter 23. Carbonyl Condensation Reactions (quiz) W25
CHEM 2425. Chapter 23. Carbonyl Condensation Reactions (quiz) W25 Student: 1. Which of the following statements about Aldol reactions with either aldehydes or ketones is true? Equilibrium favors the starting
More informationORG1 Syntheses of Acetaminophen and Aspirin
RG1 Syntheses of Acetaminophen and Aspirin Estimated Time Required: 60 minutes Introduction Ethanoylation (better known as acetylation) is the introduction of an acetyl functional group onto a suitable
More informationPrelab Assignmet Date, Title, Introduction. You will complete the procedures during the lab period as you plan for each test.
1 Qualitative Analysis Prelab Assignmet Date, Title, Introduction. You will complete the procedures during the lab period as you plan for each test. Introduction In this experiment you will be determining
More informationGRIGNARD REACTION Synthesis of Benzoic Acid
1 GRIGNARD REACTION Synthesis of Benzoic Acid In the 1920 s, the first survey of the acceleration of chemical transformations by ultrasound was published. Since then, many more applications of ultrasound
More informationCole Curtis, Chemistry 213. Synthetic #1 FFR. Synthesis and Characterization of 4-methoxychalcone
1 Cole Curtis, Chemistry 213 Synthetic #1 FFR Synthesis and Characterization of 4-methoxychalcone Introduction Recrystallization is a very effective technique commonly used by chemists to purify solids
More informationReductive Amination Reaction
Boston University OpenBU Chemistry http://open.bu.edu Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments 2011-07-14 eductive Amination eaction Mulcahy, Seann P. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/1419 Boston University
More information2. Synthesis of Aspirin
This is a two-part laboratory experiment. In part one, you will synthesize (make) the active ingredient in aspirin through a reaction involving a catalyst. The resulting product will then be purified through
More informationTo understand concept of limiting reagents. To learn how to do a vacuum filtration. To understand the concept of recrystallization.
E x p e r i m e n t Synthesis of Aspirin Experiment : http://genchemlab.wordpress.com/-aspirin/ objectives To synthesize aspirin. To understand concept of limiting reagents. To determine percent yield.
More informationSYNTHESIS OF AN AZO DYE revisited (1 or 2 credits)
SYNTHESIS OF AN AZO DYE revisited (1 or 2 credits) This lab you can revisit the fist experiment of this quarter and synthesize more azo dyes of your choice. The old procedure is given below followed by
More informationReview Experiments Formation of Polymers Reduction of Vanillin
Review Experiments Formation of Polymers What is a polymer? What is polymerization? What is the difference between an addition polymerization and a condensation polymerization? Which type of polymerization
More informationAspirin Synthesis H 3 PO 4
Aspirin Synthesis Experiment 10 Aspirin is the common name for the compound acetylsalicylic acid, widely used as a fever reducer and as a pain killer. Salicylic acid, whose name comes from Salix, the willow
More informationSynthesis of Benzoic Acid
E x p e r i m e n t 5 Synthesis of Benzoic Acid Objectives To use the Grignard reagent in a water free environment. To react the Grignard reagent with dry ice, CO 2(s). To assess the purity of the product
More informationCHMA2000 EXPT 7: The Physical and Chemical Properties of Alcohols
CHMA2000 EXPT 7: The Physical and Chemical Properties of Alcohols Objectives: At the end of this experiment you should be able to: 1. Understand the physical and chemical properties of alcohols 2. Understand
More informationSYNTHESIS OF 1-BROMOBUTANE Experimental procedure at macroscale (adapted from Williamson, Minard & Masters 1 )
SYNTHESIS OF 1-BROMOBUTANE Experimental procedure at macroscale (adapted from Williamson, Minard & Masters 1 ) Introduction 1-bromobutane is a primary alkyl halide (primary alkyl) and therefore it is produced
More informationAldehydes and Ketones : Aldol Reactions
Aldehydes and Ketones : Aldol Reactions The Acidity of the a Hydrogens of Carbonyl Compounds: Enolate Anions Hydrogens on carbons a to carbonyls are unusually acidic The resulting anion is stabilized by
More informationExperiment 6 Alcohols and Phenols
Experiment 6 Alcohols and Phenols Alcohols are organic molecules that contain a hydroxyl (-) group. Phenols are molecules that contain an group that is directly attached to a benzene ring. Alcohols can
More informationSynthesis of Frambinone by Aldol Condensation and Catalytic Hydrogenation
Experiment C Synthesis of Frambinone by Aldol Condensation and Catalytic ydrogenation Reading: rganic Chemistry by Marc Loudon, 5th ed., pp. 1063-1066 (22.4), 1100-1101 (22.9). Frambinone, otherwise known
More information4023 Synthesis of cyclopentanone-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester from adipic acid diethyl ester
NP 4023 Synthesis of cyclopentanone-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester from adipic acid diethyl ester NaEt C 10 H 18 4 Na C 2 H 6 C 8 H 12 3 (202.2) (23.0) (46.1) (156.2) Classification Reaction types and substance
More informationCHEM 2240L Final Exam Review Topics
CHEM 2240L Final Exam Review Topics Many students do not adequately prepare for the final exam in 2240L.The average grade is typically in the mid 60 s. Each semester, some students score in the 90 s, and
More informationSynthesis of Schiff s Base Derivatives Using Water as Solvent.(A Green Methodology)
Synthesis of Schiff s Base Derivatives Using Water as Solvent.(A Green Methodology) Ajmal R. Bhat 1, M. Hussain Wagay 2 1,2 Department of Chemistry, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, Punjab 144030
More information18 Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments
360465-P01[01-024] 10/17/02 16:16 Page 18 Sahuja Ahuja_QXP_03:Desktop Folder:17/10/02: 18 Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments Preparing a Laboratory Record Use the following steps to prepare
More informationST EDWARD S OXFORD. Lower Sixth Entrance Assessment. November Chemistry. 1 Hour. Candidates name:... St Edward's School 1
ST EDWARD S OXFORD Lower Sixth Entrance Assessment November 2013 Chemistry 1 Hour Candidates name:... St Edward's School 1 St Edward's School 2 1. Complete the table below. Element calcium Symbol Pb S
More informationEvery living and nonliving things is made up of matter. MATTER: anything that has mass & takes up space. What does all matter have in common?
the basics Every living and nonliving things is made up of matter MATTER: anything that has mass & takes up space What does all matter have in common? Smallest unit of matter ALL matter is made of particles
More informationPage 2. Name. 1 2 (racemate) 3 4 (racemate) Answer: lowest R f. highest R f % completion solvent front. 50% completion
Page 2. Name I. (4 points) In connection with our research directed at probing the molecular mechanism of chemical carcinogenesis, we carried out a series of synthetic reactions shown below. Arrange these
More informationLab 2. Go Their Separate Ways: Separation of an Acid, Base, and Neutral Substance by Acid-Base Extraction
Lab 2. Go Their Separate Ways: Separation of an Acid, Base, and Neutral Substance by Acid-Base Extraction How can I use an acid-base reaction to separate an acid-base-neutral mixture? Objectives 1. use
More informationExperiment 3: Preparation of Lidocaine
Experiment 3: Preparation of Lidocaine This two-step synthesis involves the following conversion: 2,6-dimethylaniline α- chloro-2, 6-dimethylacetanilide Lidocaine. This synthetic scheme is shown in equation
More information6. Extraction. A. Background. (a) (b) (c) Figure 1. Mixing of Solvents
6. Extraction A. Background Extraction is a frequently used technique to selectively transfer a compound of interested from one solvent to another. Extraction is based on solubility characteristics of
More information5. SEPARATION OF MIXTURES, PURIFICATION OF SOLIDS Objectives
Name: Date:.. 5. SEPARATION OF MIXTURES, PURIFICATION OF SOLIDS Objectives Introduction to basic chemical laboratory operations: grinding, dissolving, decanting, centrifuging, filtration, crystallization.
More informationChemical tests to distinguish carbonyl compounds
R hemistry A 432 arbonyl ompounds arbonyl hemistry arbonyl compounds are those which contain >= - aldehydes - ketones - carboxylic acids - esters You should recall how to name aldehydes and ketones: 3
More informationChemistry 216. First Exam (March 16, 2010) (1 hr 15 min, 80 points) Dr. Kyoung Moo Koh. Lab section. GSI name. Name Please print.
Chemistry 216 First Exam (March 16, 2010) (1 hr 15 min, 80 points) Dr. Kyoung Moo Koh Lab section GSI name Name Please print Signature Student ID# I 8 II 10 III 6 IV 12 V 12 VI 10 VII 14 VIII 8 Total 80
More informationSubstances and Mixtures:Separating a Mixture into Its Components
MiraCosta College Introductory Chemistry Laboratory Substances and Mixtures:Separating a Mixture into Its Components EXPERIMENTAL TASK To separate a mixture of calcium carbonate, iron and sodium chloride
More informationExperiment 24. Chemical recycling of poly(ethylene) terephthalate (PET)
Methods of pollution control and waste management Experiment 24 Chemical recycling of poly(ethylene) terephthalate (PET) Manual Department of Chemical Technology The aim of this experiment is to gain knowledge
More informationAlcohols, Phenols and Ethers
SUBJECTIVE PROBLEMS: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Q1. An organic liquid (A), containing C, H and O with boiling point: 78 o C, and possessing a rather pleasant odour, on heating with concentrated sulphuric
More informationHonors Cup Synthetic Proposal
onors Cup Synthetic Proposal Section: 270-V Group Members: Azhar Carim, Ian Cross, Albert Tang Title: Synthesis of indigo from -(2-bromoethyl)-2-nitrobenzamide Introduction: Indigo has been used as a dye
More informationTASK N. 1 PROPERTIES OF ALDEHYDES. AIDS: test tubes, water bath, burner, test tube holder, watch glass, 1x burette, 2x pipette 1ml
LABORATORY WORK NO. 27 CARBONYL COMPOUNDS- ALDEHYDES AND KETONES PRINCIPLE: Carbonyl compounds are ranked amoung oxygenous derivatives of hydrocarbon and they include carbonyl functional group --> [C=O]
More informationSYNTHESIS OF AN AZO DYE revisited (1 or 2 credits)
SYNTHESIS OF AN AZO DYE revisited (1 or 2 credits) This lab you can revisit the fist experiment of this quarter and synthesize more azo dyes of your choice. The old procedure is given below followed by
More informationScientific Observations and Reaction Stoichiometry: The Qualitative Analysis and Chemical Reactivity of Five White Powders
Scientific Observations and Reaction Stoichiometry: The Qualitative Analysis and Chemical Reactivity of Five White Powders Objectives Part 1: To determine the limiting reagent and percent yield of CuCO
More informationDescribe in full the colour change at the end-point of this titration. ... (1)
Q1. (a) A solution of barium hydroxide is often used for the titration of organic acids. A suitable indicator for the titration is thymol blue. Thymol blue is yellow in acid and blue in alkali. In a titration
More informationBabak Karimi* and Majid Vafaeezadeh
Electronic upplementary Material (EI) for RC Advances This journal is The Royal ociety of Chemistry 2013 BA-15 functionalized sulfonic acid confined hydrophobic and acidic ionic liquid: a highly efficient
More informationLAB #6 Chromatography Techniques
LAB #6 Chromatography Techniques Objectives: To learn how to story board a procedure Explain how a chromatograph of pigments is formed from both paper and thin layer chromatography. Isolate and identify
More informationChemistry 151 Last Updated Dec Lab 8: Precipitation Reactions and Limiting Reagents
Chemistry 151 Last Updated Dec. 2013 Lab 8: Precipitation Reactions and Limiting Reagents Introduction In this lab you will perform a simple precipitation reaction between strontium nitrate and potassium
More informationRecovery of Copper Renee Y. Becker Manatee Community College
Recovery of Copper Renee Y. Becker Manatee Community College Introduction In this lab we are going to start with a sample of copper wire. We will then use a sequence of reactions to chemically transform
More informationLaboratory 23: Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
Introduction Laboratory 23: Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones Aldehydes and Ketones represent an important class of organic molecules containing a carbonyl carbon. In this experiment you will study the
More informationAcyl chloride/ acid anhydride
3.14 Synthetic routes poly(alkene) dihalogenoalkane KH aqueous under reflux Nu Sub diol high pressure catalyst Step 1 H 2 S 4 EAdd Step 2 H 2 warm hydrolysis alcohol alkene conc. H 2 S 4 or conc. H 3 P
More informationUniversity of Wisconsin Chemistry 116 Preparation and Characterization of Aspirin and Some Flavoring Esters *
University of Wisconsin Chemistry 116 Preparation and Characterization of Aspirin and Some Flavoring Esters * Esters are an important class of organic compounds commonly prepared via a condensation reaction
More informationIDENTIFICATION TESTS FOR DURACOR TABLETS
PAGE 1 OF 8 IDENTIFICATION TESTS FOR DURACOR TABLETS PAGE 2 OF 8 PROTOCOL APPROVALS Norvin Pharma Inc. Signature and Date Author Analytical Laboratory Approver Analytical Laboratory Group Leader Approver
More informationTheoretical Yield and Percent Yield: The Synthesis of tris(2,4-pentanedionato)iron(iii)
MiraCosta College Introductory Chemistry Laboratory Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield: The Synthesis of tris(2,4-pentanedionato)iron(iii) EXPERIMENTAL TASK Synthesize tris(2,4-pentanedianato)iron(iii),
More informationStresses Applied to Chemical Equilibrium
Stresses Applied to Chemical Equilibrium Objective Many chemical reactions do not go to completion. Rather, they come to a point of chemical equilibrium before the reactants are fully converted to products.
More informationLab #3 Reduction of 3-Nitroacetophenone
Lab #3 Reduction of 3-Nitroacetophenone Introduction: Extraction: This method uses a different technique in which the two chemical compounds being separated are in immiscible solvents, also known as phases.
More informationIodination of Salicylamide
Iodination of Salicylamide lectrophilic Aromatic Substitution Aromatic compounds are unusually stable because of the delocalization of their electrons. Given that the cloud is so stable, aromatic compounds
More informationChlorobenzene from Aniline via the Sandmeyer Reaction. August 21, By ParadoxChem126. Introduction
Chlorobenzene from Aniline via the Sandmeyer Reaction August 21, 2014 By ParadoxChem126 Introduction Chlorobenzene is a useful chemical in organic syntheses. It dissolves a wide range of organic compounds,
More information6. Extraction. A. Background. (a) (b) (c) Figure 1. Mixing of Solvents
6. Extraction A. Background Extraction is a frequently used technique to selectively transfer a compound of interested from one solvent to another. Extraction is based on solubility characteristics of
More informationOrganic Chemistry. REACTIONS Grade 12 Physical Science Mrs KL Faling
Organic Chemistry REACTIONS Grade 12 Physical Science Mrs KL Faling SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS This is a reaction where an atom or group of atoms is replaced by another atom or group of atoms Substitution
More informationCHEMISTRY Organic Chemistry Laboratory II Spring 2019 Lab #3: Friedel-Crafts Acylation
CHEMISTRY 244 - Organic Chemistry Laboratory II Spring 2019 Lab #3: Friedel-Crafts Acylation Purpose: In this lab you will predict and experimentally test the directing effects of substituent groups in
More informationFriedel-Crafts Reaction
OpenStax-CNX module: m15260 1 Friedel-Crafts Reaction Mary McHale This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0 1 Lab 4: Friedel-Crafts Reaction:
More informationScheme 2: Formation of Di- Halide via Chloronium Intermediate
Bromination of Alkenes CHM226 Background The carbon- carbon double bond, also known as an alkene, is a very important functional group in organic chemistry, and is often used as a precursor in the synthesis
More informationAs you can see from the reactions below for the reduction of camphor, there are two possible products, borneol and isoborneol.
E19-1 Experiment 19 Fig. 19-1 REDUTIN WIT NaB 4 : STERI AND NJUGATIN EFFETS (3 Experiments) erbert. Brown (1912-2004) Received Nobel prize for synthetic organic chemistry work with boron compounds. http://nobelprize.org/chemistry/laureates/1979/brown-autobio.html
More information3) Between aldehyde and ketones which one is confirmed using Tollen s reagent.
UNIT ALDEHYDES KETONES AND CARBOXYLIC ACIDS ) What are aldehydes? Aldehydes are the organic compounds containing carbonyl group,linked with one hydrogen and one alkyl /aryl group. ) What are carboxylic
More informationExperiment: 8. Determining the Solubility of Aspirin at Different Temperatures and Calculating the Heat of Solution. Theory
Experiment: 8 Determining the olubility of Aspirin at Different Temperatures and Calculating the Heat of olution Theory One of the most common forms of a homogeneous mixture is a solution. The one component
More informationPart II. Cu(OH)2(s) CuO(s)
The Copper Cycle Introduction In this experiment, you will carry out a series of reactions starting with copper metal. This will give you practice handling chemical reagents and making observations. It
More informationExperiment : Reduction of Ethyl Acetoacetate
Experiment 7-2007: eduction of Ethyl Acetoacetate EXPEIMENT 7: eduction of Carbonyl Compounds: Achiral and Chiral eduction elevant sections in the text: Fox & Whitesell, 3 rd Ed. Chapter 12, pg.572-584.
More informationWittig Reaction. Mulcahy, Seann P. Boston University Boston University
Boston University penbu Chemistry http://open.bu.edu rganic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments 2012-01-03 Wittig Reaction Mulcahy, Seann P. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/2688 Boston University The Wittig Reaction
More informationEXPERIMENT: LIMITING REAGENT. NOTE: Students should have moles of reactants in DATASHEET converted into masses in grams prior to the lab period.
Revised 12/2015 EXPERIMENT: LIMITING REAGENT Chem 1104 Lab NOTE: Students should have moles of reactants in DATASHEET converted into masses in grams prior to the lab period. INTRODUCTION Limiting reactant
More informationFor more information about how to cite these materials visit
Author(s): MELO 3D Project Team, 2012 License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/
More informationUnit 1: States of Matter/Physical and Chemical Changes. Unit 1: Worksheet
Unit 1: States of Matter/Physical and Chemical Changes Learning objectives; to understand three states of matter to distinguish the properties of three states of matter to identify physical and chemical
More informationExperiment 12 Grignard Reaction; Preparation of Triphenylcarbinol
Experiment 12 Grignard Reaction; Preparation of Triphenylcarbinol In this experiment we will perform a Grignard addition to an ester. First we will form the Grignard reagent from magnesium and bromobenzene
More informationName: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Class: Date: Chapter 1 and 2 Practice Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. One difference between a mixture and a compound is that.
More informationEXPERIMENT #4 Separation of a Three-Component Mixture
OBJECTIVES: EXPERIMENT #4 Separation of a Three-Component Mixture Define chemical and physical properties, mixture, solubility, filtration, sublimation, and percent Separate a mixture of sodium chloride
More informationFoundation Support Workbook AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry topics. Sunetra Berry
Foundation Workbook AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry topics Sunetra Berry 224708 Foundation Workbook_Sample_Chemistry.indd 1 4/22/16 4:17 PM Contents Section 1 Atomic structure and the periodic table
More informationChapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols
Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols 45 -Alcohols have the general formula R-OH and are characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl group, -OH. -Phenols have a hydroxyl group attached directly to an
More informationAn Aldol Condensation to synthesize Chalcones. By: Blake Burger FFR#3
An Aldol Condensation to synthesize Chalcones By: Blake Burger FFR#3 Burger, 2 Introduction A chalcone is a molecule formed by two core functional groups: an aromatic ketone and an enone. Chalcones are
More informationMultistep Synthesis of 5-isopropyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione
Multistep Synthesis of 5-isopropyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize 5-isopropyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione from commercially available compounds. To do this, acetone and
More informationTest Booklet. Subject: SC, Grade: HS CST High School Chemistry Part 2. Student name:
Test Booklet Subject: SC, Grade: HS Student name: Author: California District: California Released Tests Printed: Thursday January 16, 2014 1 Theoretically, when an ideal gas in a closed container cools,
More informationSynthesis and Sustainable Chemistry
Synthesis and Sustainable Chemistry Considering % yield and % Atom Economy: high % yield means very efficient conversion from reactants to products increasing % yield means more efficient use of starting
More informationSynthesis of Tyrosinase Inhibitors: Designing Chalcones
Synthesis of Tyrosinase Inhibitors: Designing Chalcones Research by Gabrielle Diaz Mentored by Dr. Valerie Burke, Ph.D Chemistry School of Science Department of Chemistry Abstract Tyrosinase is a common
More informationHaloalkanes. Isomers: Draw and name the possible isomers for C 5 H 11 Br
Haloalkanes The basics: The functional group is a halogen atom: F, Cl, Br or I General formula C n H 2n+1 X Use the prefixes: fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo. Isomers: Draw and name the possible isomers
More informationExpt 10: Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of p-xylene
Expt 10: Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of p-xylene INTRODUCTION The Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction is one of the most useful methods for adding alkyl substituents to an aromatic ring. Mechanistically,
More informationAdvanced Unit 6: Chemistry Laboratory Skills II
Write your name here Surname Other names Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level Centre Number Chemistry Advanced Unit 6: Chemistry Laboratory Skills II Candidate Number Thursday 25 January 2018 Afternoon
More informationTOSYLHYDRAZONE CLEAVAGE OF AN α,β-epoxy KETONE; OXIDATIVE KMnO 4 CLEAVAGE OF AN ALKYNE EXPERIMENT A
1 EXPERIMENT A EPOXIDATION OF AN α,β-unsaturated KETONE; TOSYLYDRAZONE CLEAVAGE OF AN α,β-epoxy KETONE; OXIDATIVE KMnO 4 CLEAVAGE OF AN ALKYNE The goal of this experiment is the correct assignment of the
More informationFlushing Out the Moles in Lab: The Reaction of Calcium Chloride with Carbonate Salts
Flushing Out the Moles in Lab: The Reaction of Calcium Chloride with Carbonate Salts Pre-lab Assignment: Reading: 1. Chapter sections 3.3, 3.4, 3.7 and 4.2 in your course text. 2. This lab handout. Questions:
More information2017 Reaction of cinnamic acid chloride with ammonia to cinnamic acid amide
217 Reaction of cinnamic acid chloride with ammonia to cinnamic acid amide O O Cl NH 3 NH 2 C 9 H 7 ClO (166.6) (17.) C 9 H 9 NO (147.2) Classification Reaction types and substance classes reaction of
More informationName: Block : Date: (Textbook Chapter 9.4) Rate of reaction or reaction rate is how quickly or slowly reactants turn into products.
Science 10: Chemistry! Factors Affecting Reaction Rates (Textbook Chapter 94) Rate of reaction or reaction rate is how quickly or slowly reactants turn into products reaction rate = A slow reaction has
More information