Globe Academy Science Department GCSE Additional Science Homework Booklet Summer 1 Contents: Feedback/ Marking. Date Set. Due

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1 Globe Academy Science Department GCSE Additional Science Homework Booklet Summer 1 Contents: Topic 1 Alpha Particles and the Scattering Experiment 2 Atomic Physics, Fission and Fusion Revision Checklists 3 Biology Revision Questions 4 Chemistry Revision Questions 5 Physics Revision Questions Date Set Date Due Feedback/ Marking Look after this booklet. You will need to pay for a replacement. Name:

2 Dear Parents and Carers, Important Message for Parents and Carers The teachers of Globe Academy believe that Home Learning is an integral part of developing every student and ensuring that they reach their academic potential. Home Learning is important because it is point where school and home come together. It serves as a window through which you can observe your children s education and express positive attitudes towards your children about their education and progress. As children grow older, homework and the amount of time engaged in homework, increases in importance. For Globe Academy staff, homework is an opportunity to provide additional academic instruction and further extend your child s learning. The benefits of Home Learning for you and your child are as follows: (1) Practice and participation in home learning tasks can improve your child s achievement. (2) When homework is completed accurately and to a good standard, not only will your child s general knowledge and grades improve but your child will also increase their mastery of basic academic skills, such as reading, writing, spelling and mathematics, something Globe Academy is committed to. (3) Your child s ability to bring an assignment home, gather and organise necessary materials to complete the assignment, return the assignment and receive a level/grade, strengthens his or her sense of personal responsibility for their learning. (4) Time management skills are learned and developed. (5) Further, when homework proceeds smoothly it can become (4) a positive aspect of your relationship with your child. (6) Home Learning offers schools an opportunity to let parents know what their children are learning and keeps parents informed about work being studied and completed in class time. (7) Home Learning helps the Academy achieve their overall mission of improving your child s achievement. (8) Homework is the bridge that joins schools and parents. For parents there is the potential to gain a greater appreciation of your child s education and achievement.

3 For these valid reasons we are asking that parents/carers work with us to ensure that your child completes their homework. Your child will receive a homework booklet for each subject and we ask that all parents/carers ensure that the tasks in this booklet are completed on time and to a high standard. Together we can improve your child s progress and attainment. Please sign below to confirm your agreement to support Globe Academy by checking and ensuring your child completes their Home Learning Tasks each week. In addition please sign and comment if necessary, the Homework Record sheets also in this booklet. Thank you in advance for your support. Do not hesitate to contact me with any queries or comments about Home Learning at Globe Academy. Kind Regards Ms. C. Fernandes (Vice Principal) Name of Student: Learning Family: Name of Parent/Carer: I agree to ensure that my child completes all the Home Learning Tasks in this booklet on time and to a high standard. Signature of Parent/Carer: Date:

4 Home Learning Record After completing each Home Learning task please complete the record boxes below. Task Details: Student signature/comment: Deadline date: Parent signature/comment: Date completed: Teacher signature/comment: Task Details: Student signature/comment: Deadline date: Parent signature/comment: Date completed: Teacher signature/comment:

5 Home Learning Record After completing each Home Learning task please complete the record boxes below. Task Details: Student signature/comment: Deadline date: Parent signature/comment: Date completed: Teacher signature/comment: Task Details: Student signature/comment: Deadline date: Parent signature/comment: Date completed: Teacher signature/comment:

6 Home Learning Record After completing each Home Learning task please complete the record boxes below. Task Details: Student signature/comment: Deadline date: Parent signature/comment: Date completed: Teacher signature/comment: Task Details: Student signature/comment: Deadline date: Parent signature/comment: Date completed: Teacher signature/comment:

7 Homework 1: Alpha Particles Around 400 BC the Greek philosopher Democritus theorised that matter could not be divided indefinitely. Since then, scientists have adapted this theory, through Dalton s Billiard Ball and Thompson s Plum Pudding models, to the nuclear model proposed by Rutherford. Task: Write a newspaper article about the alpha scatting experiment conducted by Geiger and Marsden. Your article should explain how the experiment was conducted, what results were obtained, and how the results were interpreted by Ernest Rutherford. Alpha Source Deflected Particles Gold Foil Undeflected Particles Key words: Alpha particle, gold foil, deflected, empty space, repel, positively charged, undeflected, nucleus Grade ladder: What is your target grade? Use the grade ladder to help you reach it: To get grade You should have: C Drawn a labelled diagram to show how the experiment was conducted. Stated how they knew where the alpha particles were hitting the screen. Explained why most of the alpha particles went straight through the gold foil. Explained why some of the alpha particles were deflected. Stated Rutherford s conclusion about the structure of the atom. B As Grade C plus: Explained why some of the alpha particles appeared to rebound. Drawn the paths taken by the alpha particles that went straight through, were deflected, and were rebounded. Explained how Rutherford concluded the charge on the nucleus. Explained how Rutherford concluded the structure of the atom. A As Grade B plus: Explained how the kinetic energy of the alpha particles affected the angle of deflection. Explained what results the scientists were expecting to get if the Plum Pudding model of the atom was correct.

8 Answer page for Homework 1: DIAGRAM: Independent Learning: Scientists often use computer simulations. Check out the alpha particle experiment one at:

9 Homework 2: Atomic Physics, Fission and Fusion Complete a total of 12 marks from the grid. Push yourself to try the hardest questions you can! 1 mark questions 2 mark questions What is a beta particle? What is the name of the process shown in this diagram? Explain how fusion reactions can lead to a chain reaction. Explain what is meant by nuclear fission. 3-4 mark questions 6 mark questions The early Universe contained only atoms of hydrogen. The Universe now contains atoms of over one hundred different elements.explain how the different elements now contained in the Universe were formed. (3 marks) When an atom of thorium-232 decays, an alpha (α) particle is emitted from the nucleus. An atom of radium is left behind.an alpha particle consists of two protons and two neutrons. We can represent this radioactive decay in a special kind of equation: A star goes through a lifecycle. Describe the lifecycle of a star like the Sun. Compare and contrast nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. Thorium-228 is also radioactive. Atoms of this isotope also decay by emitting an alpha particle and producing an isotope of radium. Complete the equation for this decay. (4 marks) What is the name given to radiation that is around us all the time? In a star, nuclei of atom X join to form nuclei of atom Y. Complete the sentences. The process by which nuclei join to form a larger nucleus is called nuclear.... This is the process by which a star releases.... Nuclear fusion is the process by which energy is released in stars. Which one of the following can be concluded from the data in the table? Draw a ring around the correct answer in the box to complete the sentence. The rate of nuclear fusion in a large star is faster than the same as slower than in a small star. Explain the reason for your answer. (3 marks) Explain how a nuclear fusion power station and reactor works.

10 Answer page for Homework 2: Question Number Answer Independent Learning: You must start revising. Use your exercise book, revision guide and revision websites to start making revision notes. Use your revision pack to complete exam questions too.

11 REVISIN CHECKLISTS: Here are the topics you need to revise from Biology, Chemistry and Physics. BILGY CHEMISTRY PHYSICS Cells and cell structure (animals, plant, yeast and bacteria cells, diffusion, organs/tissues of a human and plant) Photosynthesis (word equation, limiting factor graphs, uses of glucose) rganisms and their environments (factors affecting distribution and ways of measuring distribution of animals/plants) Proteins and enzymes (digestive enzymes, how enzymes work, uses of enzymes in the home and industry) Respiration (aerobic and anaerobic) Genes and inheritance (mitosis and meiosis, stem cell research, genetic diagrams, genetic diseases) Fossils, speciation and extinction Ionic, covalent and metallic bonding Structures of simple covalent, giant covalent, ionic substances, alloys, nanomaterials, polymers. Chemical calculations Factors affecting rates of reaction Exothermic, endothermic and reversible reactions Acids, bases and making salts Electrolysis Forces, acceleration, velocity and terminal velocity Energy (power, KE, GPE, momentum and car safety) Electrical circuits (static electricity, current, p.d., LDRs thermistors and parallel circuits) Plugs, fuses and RCCB Alpha, beta and gamma radiation, half-life and uses of radiation Nuclear fission, fusion and life cycles of stars

12 Homework 3: Biology Revision Complete the data analysis exam questions from the rganisms and Their Environment topic. GRADE C: The chart shows the flowering times of several species of plants and when leaves are present. A In flower B C D Leaves present E F G Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept ct Nov Dec (a) Which plant flowers earliest in the year? (b) Which plant has two flowering seasons? (c) Which plant flowers for the longest time? (d) Which plants produces flowers before leaves? (e) Which plant is in leaf for the longest time?....[1] (f) Species D grows in woodland. Explain why it produces leaves in February. TTAL / 7

13 GRADE B:The graph shows the effect of different concentrations of fertiliser on the yield of 4 varieties of rice, A, B, C and D. Yield/ tonnes per hectare A B 2.5 C (a) Concentration of fertiliser/ kg per hectare Which variety gave the highest yield with no fertiliser? D (b) Describe the effect of increasing the concentration of fertiliser on the yield from variety A. (c) What is the effect on variety D of increasing the concentration of fertiliser from 60 to 80 kg/hectare? (d) What is the difference in yield between varieties A and D when 100kg/hectare of fertiliser is applied? Show your working. Sewage High Answer... [2] TTAL / 7 GRADE A: The graph shows the effect of sewage entering a river on the oxygen level and the relative numbers of bacteria and fish. (a) How are the bacteria affected by the sewage entering the river?... (b) (i) How are the fish affected by the sewage entering the river? Relative number oxygen fish bacteria Low sewage falls. Distance downstream Suggest two reasons for this.... (ii) What is the reason for this change? (c) As the distance downstream increases the concentration of

14 Homework 4: Chemistry Revision Complete the exam questions from the Structures topic. GRADE C: The diagrams below show the structures of ethanol, mica and diamond. H H C H H C H H Si Si Si Si Si Si (a) Ethanol Mica How many bonds does each carbon have in: Diamond (i) ethanol? [1] (ii) diamond?[1] (b) How many bonds does each hydrogen have in ethanol? [1] (c) (i) How many bonds does each silicon have in mica? [1] (ii) How many bonds does each oxygen have in mica? [1] GRADE B: Carbon is known to exist as two different allotropes. The allotropes are known as diamond and graphite. Both diamond and graphite consist of carbon atoms bonded together in three-dimensional structures. Carbon Carbon atoms (a) What is the name given the type of bond in which electrons are shared? (b)(i) Diamond is one of the hardest substances known to man and is used on the edges of glass cutting tools. Explain why the structure of diamond makes it so hard. (ii) Graphite is soft and slippery and is used to lubricate surfaces. Explain why the structure of graphite makes it soft and slippery. (c) Diamond is an electrical insulator, but graphite conducts electricity. Explain why graphite conducts electricity.

15 GRADE A: The following table shows some of the ions found in natural waters. ion Mg 2+ Na + S 4 2- N 3 - Ca 2+ C1 - K + name magnesium sodium sulphate nitrate calcium chloride potassium (a) Use the list of ions to work out the formulae of the following compounds: (Explain your answers) (i) sodium sulphate (ii) potassium nitrate (iii) calcium chloride (iv) magnesium nitrate (v) potassium chloride (b) (i) What type of bonding occurs in all of these compounds? (ii) Explain how this type of bonding occurs. (c) (i) Iodine is in the same group of the Periodic Table as chlorine. What is the formula of an iodide ion? (ii) Strontium, Sr, is in the same group of the Periodic Table as magnesium. What is the formula of the strontium ion? (iii) What is the formula of strontium iodide?

16 Homework 5: Physics Revision GRADE C: Bungee jumping is a very popular sport in New Zealand. People jump of high bridges with elastic cord tied to their feet. The diagram shows three stages of a bungee jump. 1. Start (moving down) 2. Bouncing back up 3. End (a) Name the force that pulls the jumper down. (b) State the size of this force throughout the jump. Choose from:- Increases decreases stays the same. At only some stages of the bungee jump there is a tension force in the elastic cord. (c) For each of the three questions you should describe whether the gravity and tension forces are balanced or unbalanced. Cross out the wrong answer. (i) At the start the forces are balanced/unbalanced. [1] (ii) When bouncing upwards the forces are balanced/ unbalanced. [1] (iii) When stationary at the end the forces are balanced/ unbalanced. [1] (d) Apart from making the object stay still describe one other effect balanced forces can have on an object. (e) Describe the motion of the bungee jumper in stages 1 and 2. For each stage state in which direction the resultant force acts.... [4]

17 GRADE B: A car moves along a dry road. The driver sees danger ahead. It takes her 0.6s to react before braking. This is called her reaction time. In this time the car travels 15m. (a) Calculate the speed of the car during the 0.6s it takes the driver to react to the danger ahead.... [3] (b) The distance travelled before braking is the thinking distance. Total stopping distance for the car = thinking distance + braking distance The total stopping distance at this speed is 63m. What is the braking distance of the car? (c) (i) What effect does driving on a wet road have on the driver's reaction time? (ii) What other two factors besides speed affects the braking distance of a car? GRADE A: A child steps out in the path of a car in a busy street. 27 m/s speed m/s 0 1.2s 5.4s time/s The graph shows how the speed of the car changes from the moment the driver sees the child until the car safely stopped before the child was harmed. (a) What is the driver's reaction time in seconds? (b) Calculate the deceleration of the car while the brakes are being applied.... [3] (c) Calculate the distance travelled by the car from the moment the driver saw the child.... [6]