EUROPEAN INFRAESTRUCTURE TURBOJET TEST CENTRE
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1 EUROPEAN INFRAESTRUCTURE TURBOJET TEST CENTRE Víctor Archilla Jesús Rodríguez Maroto Engine Exhaust Measurement System for the Environmental Impact Assessment Forum-AE Workshop nvpm January Manchester
2 European & public domain research infrastructure Two chimneys (entry and exit), both with high of 22m (buried 4.5m). Total length of the department is 114m, where the length of the testing cell is 60m. Section of the testing cell is 14.5m x 14.5m. Detuner length is 48m (diameter 6 m). Thrust Stand capacity: lbs. Fuel Tank capacity: l. Stationary Data Acquisition System up to 1000 samples/second (5.000 channels) Dynamic Data Acquisition System up to 128 KHz Bandwidth (128 analog channels digital channels) PLC engine control system, Auto-throttle, load cell, etc. 1
3 Testing Engines from 1996 Capacity, capability and skills: Rolls-Royce (RR): Tested Trent500 (60.000lb), Airbus /600 availability Trent 700 ( lb), Airbus 330 Trent 800 ( lb), Boeing 777 Trent 900 ( lb), Airbus 380 Trent 1000 ( lb), Boeing 787 (Dreamliner) Trent XWB ( lb), Airbus 350 General Electric (GE): CFM56 ( lb), Airbus 320, Airbus 340, Boeing 737 CF6 ( lb), Airbus 300, A330, Boeing 747, B767 GE90 ( lb) Boeing 777 GEnx ( lb) Boeing 787, 747 Snecma Moteurs: CFM56 ( lb), Airbus 320, Airbus 340, Boeing 737 LEAP A320neo, New Boeing 737, COMAC C919 European Programs EEFAE (Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Aero Engine) ANTLE (Affordable Near Term Low Emissions) POA (Power Optimised Aircraft) 2
4 mass flow rate CDF to determinate the most representative sample points in the chimney. Sampling Prob e Mass Gasto flowratein entrada celda test (kg/s) bed Mass Gasto flow entrada ratemotor in inlet (kg/s) Mass Gasto flow salida rate priamario in primary (kg/s) Mass Gasto flow salida rate secundario in secunday (kg/s) Gasto másico (kg/s) :00:00 16:30:00 17:00:00 17:30:00 18:00:00 18:30:00 19:00:00 19:30:00 Time 3
5 Particulate measurements: 1) Measurement of particulates concentration In Number, (particulates/ncm 3 ) In Mass, (g/nm 3 ) 2) Measurement of Size Distribution: In number (dn/dlogdp) In mass (aerodynamic diameter) (dm/dlogdp) 3) Morphology and elemental chemical composition. 4) Chemical composition (heavy metal, PAHs, etc) global and for size. TESTBED: T K V 200m/s Testbed Proposal for the Environmental Impact Assessment Sample Point 2 CHIMNEY : T K V 15 to 30 m/s Volatile and nvpm Sampling Gaseous emissions measurements: 1) Inorganic gases NO, NO2, SO2, CO, CO2 2) VOC (species identification / quantification) 3) Integrated FTIR open path configuration. Influence of humidity and solar radiation Emission Sample Point 1 New physical and chemicals processes Gas Sampling AIR Detuner Basket
6 Final Proposal: Total Sampling System Probe Sampling Room nº 2 Sampling Room nº 1 5
7 Measurement system at the chimney sampling point Chromatography Techniques GC/MS, FID, ECD 6
8 Capacity Equipment and Laboratories Aerosol measurement and characterization in real time: Current techniques available are: Mass concentration (mg/nm3). Techniques: Filter (gravimetry), ELPI+ Number concentration (#/cm3). Techniques: CPC, SMPS, EEPS, ELPI+ Particle size distribution: Electrical mobility diameter SMPS and EEPS ( micron) Aerodynamic diameter BLPI ( micron) and ELPI+ ( micron) Morphology of the particles: Image processing by SEM and TEM techniques. Elemental chemical composition by an electron probe X-Ray microanalysis (EDX) Chromatography: For analyses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, terpenes and triazines. Currently the techniques available are: - Gas chromatography with quadrupole mass spectrometric detectors (GC/MS) - Gas chromatography with flame ionization and electronic capture detectors (FID, ECD). - High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-visible and fluorescence detectors. Spectroscopy: Analysis of alkali metals, alkali earth metals and heavy metals and nonmetals. Currently the techniques available are: ICP-OES, Inductive Coupled Plasma & Optical Emission Spectrometry. ICP-MS, Inductive Coupled Plasma & Mass Spectrometry. FASS, Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy DMA, Direct Mercury Analyzer. 7
9 Nominal Engine Power #/cm3 Particle Emission Measurements in the Chimney (sampling point 1) 1.E+17 Particulate Emission Index Calculation Nominal Engine Power Number Size Distribution 1.E+17 1.E E Emission Index (#/kg fuel) 6.E+16 4.E+16 2.E+16 0.E+00 5.E+07 13:00 13:15 13:30 13:45 14:00 14:15 14:30 14:45 15:00 15:15 15:30 Number Concentration (#/cm3) Time Particle concentration (#/cm3) 4.E+07 3.E+07 2.E+07 1.E+07 0.E+00 13:00 13:15 13:30 13:45 14:00 14:15 14:30 14:45 15:00 15:15 15:30 Time ,0E ,0E TRANSIENT Step LOW POWER HIGH POWER Series20 Series39 Series88 Series106 Series125 Series144 Series210 Series211 Series212 Series213 Series214 Series215 Series216 Series217 Series218 Series219 Series220 Series221 Series222 Series223 Series224 Series225 Series226 Series228 Series229 Series230 Series231 Series232 Series233 Series234 Series235 Series236 Series237 Series238 Series239 Series240 Series241 Series242 Series243 Series244 Series245 Series246 Series247 Series248 Series249 Series250 Series251 Series252 Series253 Series254 Series255 Series2 Series3 Series4 Series5 Series6 Series7 Series9 Series10 Series11 Series12 Series13 Series14 Series15 Series16 Series17 Series18 Series19 Series21 Series22 Series24 Series25 Series26 Series28 Series29 Series30 Series31 Series32 Series33 Series34 Series35 Series36 Series37 Series38 Series1 Series40 Series41 Series42 Series43 Series44 Series45 Series46 Series47 Series48 Series49 Series50 Series51 Series52 Series53 Series54 Series55 Series56 Series57 Series58 Series59 Series60 Series61 Series62 Series63 Series64 Series65 Series66 Series67 Series68 Series69 Series70 Series71 Series72 Series73 Series74 Series75 Series76 Series77 Series78 Series79 Series80 Series81 Series82 Series83 Series84 Series85 Series86 Series87 Series89 Series91 Series92 Series93 Series94 POWER Series95 Series96 Series97 Series98 Series99 Series100 0,0E+00 Series101 Series102 Series dp (nm)
10 ppm (m/m) HPLC: Analysis of PAHs from the chimney samples ,3 393,8 625,0 6,3 12,5 137,5 0,0 18,8 25,0 0,6 6,3 1,9 0,6 0,6 1,3 1,9 Fl 1% An Ace Pyr 2% BaA F 1% Ph 1 Cry BbF Na 14% BkF Bap DBA Bghip E1 Pyr Fl 1% 1% An F 2% BaA Ace 1% Cry Ph 12% BbF BkF Na 22% DBA Bap Bghip E10 2-Me Na 43% 1-Me Na 27% 2-Me Na 5 1-Me Na 1 9
11 Researchers and Infrastructures for the Environmental Impact Assessment INTA / CIEMAT Validation of technologies at physical full scale based on: Research Technology Testbeds Infrastructure Civil & Military Airports 10
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