School of Chemistry UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL, WESTVILLE CAMPUS JUNE 2009 EXAMINATION CHEM340: INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "School of Chemistry UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL, WESTVILLE CAMPUS JUNE 2009 EXAMINATION CHEM340: INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS."

Transcription

1 School of Chemistry UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL, WESTVILLE CAMPUS JUNE 2009 EXAMINATION CHEM340: INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS DURATION: 3 HOURS TOTAL MARKS: 100 Internal Examiners: Professor A Kindness Dr T Msagati External Examiner: Professor N Torto Rhodes University NOTE: This paper consists of 14 pages including a Periodic table and Data sheet. Please check that you have them all. Answer all the questions. Each section to be answered in a separate Answer Book. Students are requested, in their own interest, to write legibly.

2 Question 1 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 2 SECTION A The following questions relate to the analysis of the drug 2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propanoic acid, ibuprofen, by various methods of analysis. a) According to the following paper: Quantitative analysis of ibuprofen in pharmaceutical formulations through FTIR spectroscopy by S. R. Matkovic et al., it is possible to quantitatively measure the drug using both FTIR and UV spectroscopy. They state that the equation of the lines (y = m x + c) for the analysis is Method Calibration range (m/v %) c m R 2 IR spectroscopy UV spectroscopy y is the peak area of the infrared band at 1721 cm -1 and Absorbance at 273 nm for UV. x is the concentration of ibuprofen expressed as mass (g) per 100 ml (m/v %) i) Define sensitivity for an analytical method. (1) ii) Which method is most sensitive? Briefly explain your choice. (1) iii) Which method produces the largest linear range? Explain why this is a good attribute in an analytical method. (2) iv) A tablet weighing g is crushed and finely ground. A mg portion is removed and dissolved in 25 ml of chloroform. The solution is filtered and the resultant solution was measured by FTIR using a liquid cell. The area of the peak was found to be 64.7 cm -1. What is the mass of ibuprofen in a tablet; express your results as mg ibuprofen per tablet. (The tablet contains the active ingredient and inert fillers.) (3)

3 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 3 b) Ibuprofen can also be analysed by reversed phase HPLC using valerophenone as an internal standard. Valerophenone Ibuprofen The following data was obtained when a 5 μl standard solution was injected into an HPLC instrument mg/ml valerophenone peak area = and for 12.0 mg/ml ibuprofen = A tablet was dissolved in 50.0 ml solvent (same solvent as the mobile phase) and internal standard was added such that the concentration of the internal standard was 10.0 mg/ml. The peak area measure for the valerophenone was whilst the ibuprofen peak had an area of i) List four attributes that an internal standard should have when being used in HPLC analysis. (2) ii) What was the concentration of the ibuprofen in the dissolved sample? (3) iii) What was the mass of ibuprofen in the tablet? (1) iv) Afterwards it was noted that the injection volume for the sample had been changed to 4 μl instead of the 5 μl that was used for the standard. What problems, if any, did this lead to in the analysis of the sample? Briefly explain your answer. (2) [15]

4 Question 2 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 4 The analysis of iron in a vitamin tablet was carried out as follows. The vitamin tablet was dissolved in water and diluted to ml in a volumetric flask. Five aliquots each 5.00 ml in volume was removed by pipette and placed in 5 clean ml volumetric flasks. To each volumetric flask a series of standard amounts of iron standard solution (50 μg/ml) was added. A reducing agent was added to the solutions to reduce the iron to the +2 state. The solution was then reacted with o-phenanthroline to form a coloured complex that was measured by visible 508 nm. N N 3 + Fe 2+ N N Fe 2+ o-phenanthroline 3 The following table summaries the analytical procedure. Flask Volume sample added /ml Volume of Fe standard added /ml Final volume /ml nm

5 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 5 The following calibration graph was obtained nm y = x R 2 = [Fe] (added) μg/ml a) Why was the o-phenanthroline added? (1) b) What material were the cuvettes made from? Explain why this material was used. (2) c) What was the iron content of the vitamin tablet? (4) d) What is the name of this type of calibration method and when is it used? (1) e) Which will be the most sensitive method of spectrophotometric analysis for Fe: dithizone (ε = cm -1 mol -1 L), o-phenanthroline (ε = cm -1 mol -1 L) or thiocyanate (ε = cm -1 mol -1 L)? Briefly explain your reasoning. (2) [10]

6 Question 3 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 6 a) There are several methods that are used for sample atomization in atomic spectrometry. One of these methods involves hydride generation. i) Give two examples of elements that may suitably be determined by this method? (2) ii) What is the source of hydride that is normally used? (1) iii) Briefly describe what happens in the process of atomization by hydride generation. (2) b) Describe the type of atomization technique that is most suitable for the determination of mercury by atomic spectroscopy. (2) c) What characteristics of inductively coupled plasmas make them suitable for atomic emission spectrometry? (2) d) From instrumental point of view, give the main differences between inductively coupled plasms-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). (2) [11]

7 Question 4 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 7 SECTION B a) A water sample was analyzed for the presence of barium (Ba) using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Preliminary tests on the sample indicated that the water sample contained Ca. The atomic absorption measurement for Ba was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry at wavelength of nm. However, the AAS results indicated that Ba was below the detection limit. When the same sample was determined using other methods such as stripping polarography a signal above the detection limit for Ba was obtained. i) What could have been the problem in the analysis of Ba using the AAS method? (1) ii) What is the solution to the problem? (1) (b) In the determination of sodium and vanadium using AAS, the analyst encountered some unusual observations. He found that the signal for sodium was markedly decreased by the presence of hydrochloric acid. For vanadium, there was a significant enhancement of absorption when aluminium or titanium was present especially in fuel-rich flames of the AAS. (i) What caused the decrease of signal for sodium? Briefly explain. (2) (ii) What caused enhancement of signal for vanadium? Briefly explain. (2) (c) Sample preparation methods as well as the choice of proper solvents are very crucial in infrared spectroscopy. (i) Give the advantages and disadvantages of using potassium bromide methods as sampling method for solids in infrared spectroscopy. (2) (ii) In most cases it has been difficult to measure the infrared spectrum of biological materials in water due to the spectrum of water obscuring the information. Mention two strategies that may help minimize the problem. (2) [12]

8 Question 5 (a) School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 8 In each of the following types of chromatographic methods, indicate the types of compounds that can be separated. (i) Gas chromatography (2) (ii) Ion exchange chromatography (2) (iii) Gel permeation chromatography (or size exclusion chromatography) (2) (b) Describe the fundamental difference between: (i) Adsorption and partition chromatography (2) (ii) Gel-filration and gel-permeation (2) (c) Discuss factors that influence resolution in chromatography and how they can be manipulated. (4) (d) In a normal phase partition column, a solute was found to have a retention time of 29.1 minutes and an unretained sample had a retention time of 1.05 minutes when the mobile phase was 50% by volume chloroform and 50% n- hexane. Calculate capacity/retention factor (k ) for the solute. (2) (e) Optimization of parameters such as the retention factor ( k ) and selectivity factor (α,) is harder in HPLC than in GC. Explain. (2)

9 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 9 (f) The following plots show the effect of particle size on plate height for a packed GC column. The numbers to the right hand of each curve are particle diameters. (i) Briefly explain the trend observed. (2) (ii) Explain how film thickness of the stationary phase particles affects retention and column resolution. (2)

10 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 10 (g) The following results were obtained from a chromatographic column. The aim was to get complete resolution of all six components of the mixture at the shortest possible elution time. Conditions of the experiment such as the ratio and flow rate of the mobile phases were varied to arrive at this objective. From the results shown below, the experiment was not a success. How would you achieve complete resolution of all the components of this mixture at a reasonable elution time? (2) (h) Stationary phases in GC and HPLC are normally either bonded and/or crosslinked. Define the two terms (bonded phases and cross-linked phases). (2) (i) What is the purpose of using bonded phases or cross-linked stationary phases in column stationary phases? (2) (j) Distinguish between the different types of support used in capillary (open tubular) GC columns, giving the advantages and disadvantages of each. (3) [31]

11 Question 6 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 11 (a) What is the source of a junction potential in a glass/calomel electrode system? (2) (b) The following cell was found to have a potential of V: Ag gcl (sat d) Cu 2+ (3.25 x 10-3 M) membrane electrode for Cu 2+. When the solution of known copper activity was replaced with an unknown solution, the potential was found to be 0.086V. What was the pcu of this unknown solution? (Neglect the junction potential). (2) (c) How does the information obtained by a direct potentiometric measurement of ph differ from that obtained from a potentiometric acid/base titration? (3) (d) Use the figure below which shows the response of a liquid-membrane electrode to variations in the concentrations and activity of calcium ion to explain why the electrode response is related to analyte activity rather than analyte concentration. (2) (i) What does the value mv (in the figure above) indicate? (2) (ii) Account for the non linearity of the curve for potential (E) versus concentration. (2)

12 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 12 (e) Distinguish between potentiometry and voltammetry. (2) (f) Why is it necessary to buffer solutions in organic voltammetry? (2) (g) A compound Q (structure below) undergoes a reversible reduction (to form HQ) at a voltammetric working electrode, the reaction is given below. Assume that the diffusion coefficient for compound Q and HQ are approximately the same. Calculate the approximate half-wave potential (versus SCE) for the reduction of HQ at an RDE (rotating disc electrode) from a solution buffered to a ph (i) of 7.0 and then a ph of 5. (4) O OH + 2H + + 2e - E 0 = V O OH [21]

13 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 13

14 School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Page 14

Practical 1 Procedure Iron by Titrimetry

Practical 1 Procedure Iron by Titrimetry Practical 1 Procedure Iron by Titrimetry Introduction This experiment quantifies Fe 2+, ferrous iron, by reacting it with ceric sulphate in a 1:1 reaction, i.e. one mole of ferrous iron reacts with one

More information

Introduction to Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis

Introduction to Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis Introduction to Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis Hansen, Steen ISBN-13: 9780470661222 Table of Contents Preface xv 1 Introduction to Pharmaceutical Analysis 1 1.1 Applications and Definitions 1 1.2 The

More information

Chemistry 3200 High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Quantitative Determination of Headache Tablets

Chemistry 3200 High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Quantitative Determination of Headache Tablets Chemistry 3200 High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Quantitative Determination of Headache Tablets Liquid chromatography was developed by Tswett in early 1900 s and was shown to be a powerful separation

More information

CHAPTER - 3 ANALYTICAL PROFILE. 3.1 Estimation of Drug in Pharmaceutical Formulation Estimation of Drugs

CHAPTER - 3 ANALYTICAL PROFILE. 3.1 Estimation of Drug in Pharmaceutical Formulation Estimation of Drugs CHAPTER - 3 ANALYTICAL PROFILE 3.1 Estimation of Drug in Pharmaceutical Formulation 3.1.1 Estimation of Drugs ANALYTICAL PROFILE 84 3.1 ESTIMATION OF DRUG IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION. Agrawal A et al

More information

Chem 310, Fall 2005 Final Exam December 15, :15-12:15 (You must stop working at 12:15!)

Chem 310, Fall 2005 Final Exam December 15, :15-12:15 (You must stop working at 12:15!) NAME: Chem 310, Fall 2005 Final Exam December 15, 2005 10:15-12:15 (You must stop working at 12:15!) There are 3 pages of questions on this exam (not counting this page), with points allocated as indicated.

More information

Chem 321 Name Answer Key D. Miller

Chem 321 Name Answer Key D. Miller 1. For a reversed-phase chromatography experiment, it is noted that the retention time of an analyte decreases as the percent of acetonitrile (CH 3 CN) increases in a CH 3 CN/H 2 O mobile phase. Explain

More information

Cork Institute of Technology. Summer 2005 Instrumental Analysis (Time: 3 Hours) Section A

Cork Institute of Technology. Summer 2005 Instrumental Analysis (Time: 3 Hours) Section A Cork Institute of Technology Higher Certificate in Science in Applied Biology Award (National Certificate in Science in Applied Biology Award) Answer FIVE questions; answer Section A, TWO questions from

More information

Chromatography- Separation of mixtures CHEM 212. What is solvent extraction and what is it commonly used for?

Chromatography- Separation of mixtures CHEM 212. What is solvent extraction and what is it commonly used for? Chromatography- Separation of mixtures CHEM 212 What is solvent extraction and what is it commonly used for? How does solvent extraction work? Write the partitioning coefficient for the following reaction:

More information

CHEM 3590 Final examination 2017 Instructor : Dr. Hélène Perreault Monday December 11, 1:30-4:30 pm, Frank Kennedy Gold Gym seats

CHEM 3590 Final examination 2017 Instructor : Dr. Hélène Perreault Monday December 11, 1:30-4:30 pm, Frank Kennedy Gold Gym seats CHEM 3590 Final examination 2017 Instructor : Dr. Hélène Perreault Monday December 11, 1:30-4:30 pm, Frank Kennedy Gold Gym seats 310-343 Questions 1-15 have multiple choices (50 pts). Please answer on

More information

Chromatography. Gas Chromatography

Chromatography. Gas Chromatography Chromatography Chromatography is essentially the separation of a mixture into its component parts for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The basis of separation is the partitioning of the analyte mixture

More information

Liquid storage: Holds the solvent which is going to act as the mobile phase. Pump: Pushes the solvent through to the column at high pressure.

Liquid storage: Holds the solvent which is going to act as the mobile phase. Pump: Pushes the solvent through to the column at high pressure. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a much more sensitive and useful technique than paper and thin layer chromatography. The instrument used for HPLC is called a high performance liquid chromatograph.

More information

Abstract: An minimalist overview of chromatography for the person who would conduct chromatographic experiments, but not design experiments.

Abstract: An minimalist overview of chromatography for the person who would conduct chromatographic experiments, but not design experiments. Chromatography Primer Abstract: An minimalist overview of chromatography for the person who would conduct chromatographic experiments, but not design experiments. At its heart, chromatography is a technique

More information

Egualen Sodium Granules

Egualen Sodium Granules Egualen Sodium Granules Dissolution Weigh accurately an amount of Egualen Sodium Granules, equivalent to about 5 mg of egualen sodium (C 15 H 17 NaO 3 S 1/3 H2O) according to the labeled amount,

More information

Remember - Ions are more soluble in water than in organic solvents. - Neutrals are more soluble in organic solvents than in water.

Remember - Ions are more soluble in water than in organic solvents. - Neutrals are more soluble in organic solvents than in water. IN-CLASS PROBLEMS SEPARATION SCIENCE CROMATOGRAPHY UNIT Thomas Wenzel, Bates College In-class Problem Set - Extraction 1. Devise a way to separate the materials in the following sample by performing an

More information

EXPERIMENT 12 UV/VIS Spectroscopy and Spectrophotometry: Spectrophotometric Analysis of a Commercial Aspirin Tablet

EXPERIMENT 12 UV/VIS Spectroscopy and Spectrophotometry: Spectrophotometric Analysis of a Commercial Aspirin Tablet EXPERIMENT 12 UV/VIS Spectroscopy and Spectrophotometry: Spectrophotometric Analysis of a Commercial Aspirin Tablet utcomes After completing this experiment, the student should be able to: 1. Prepare standard

More information

VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur

VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK V SEMESTER EI6501 Analytical Instruments Regulation 2013 Academic

More information

LEARNING OBJECTIVES CHEM 212: SEPARATION SCIENCE CHROMATOGRAPHY UNIT. Thomas Wenzel, Bates College. In-class Problem Set Extraction.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES CHEM 212: SEPARATION SCIENCE CHROMATOGRAPHY UNIT. Thomas Wenzel, Bates College. In-class Problem Set Extraction. LEARNING OBJECTIVES CHEM 212: SEPARATION SCIENCE CHROMATOGRAPHY UNIT Thomas Wenzel, Bates College In-class Problem Set Extraction Problem #1 1. Devise a scheme to be able to isolate organic acids, bases

More information

CYCLOSERINE Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia. (November 2008) CYCLOSERINUM CYCLOSERINE

CYCLOSERINE Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia. (November 2008) CYCLOSERINUM CYCLOSERINE December 2008 CYCLOSERINE Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (November 2008) This monograph was adopted at the Forty-third WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical

More information

Ondansetron Hydrochloride Tablets

Ondansetron Hydrochloride Tablets Ondansetron Hydrochloride Tablets Dissolution Perform the test with 1 tablet of Ondansetron Hydrochloride Tablets at 50 revolutions per minute according to the Paddle method, using 900 ml of water

More information

Teacher Resource and Assessment Book Exercises Unit 3 answers

Teacher Resource and Assessment Book Exercises Unit 3 answers Teacher Resource and Assessment Book Exercises Unit 3 answers 2. Exercise: Gravimetric analysis of chicken soup Part A 1. n(agcl) = 0.246 143.3 = 1.72 x 10 3 mole 2. Amount of NaCl in 20.00 ml aliquot

More information

Determination of Caffeine by HPLC

Determination of Caffeine by HPLC Determination of Caffeine by HPLC Introduction It was a long history before real high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) had evolved. The very first indication of a chromatographic separation was

More information

SCHOOLS ANALYST COMPETITION 2012 MIDLANDS REGIONAL HEAT INSTRUCTION BOOKLET ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY ANALYTICAL DIVISION

SCHOOLS ANALYST COMPETITION 2012 MIDLANDS REGIONAL HEAT INSTRUCTION BOOKLET ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY ANALYTICAL DIVISION SCHOOLS ANALYST COMPETITION 2012 MIDLANDS REGIONAL HEAT INSTRUCTION BOOKLET ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY ANALYTICAL DIVISION LENNARD-JONES LABORATORIES KEELE UNIVERSITY 1 Welcome: Disgruntled Employee: Tablet

More information

Research Article METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ELBASVIR AND GRAZOPREVIR BY RP-HPLC

Research Article METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ELBASVIR AND GRAZOPREVIR BY RP-HPLC ISSN 2395-3411 Available online at www.ijpacr.com 248 Research Article METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ELBASVIR AND GRAZOPREVIR BY RP-HPLC Mantha Vebkatesh* and A. Yasodha

More information

Introduction to Chromatographic Separations

Introduction to Chromatographic Separations Introduction to Chromatographic Separations Analysis of complex samples usually involves previous separation prior to compound determination. Two main separation methods instrumentation are available:

More information

HPLC Background Chem 250 F 2008 Page 1 of 24

HPLC Background Chem 250 F 2008 Page 1 of 24 HPLC Background Chem 250 F 2008 Page 1 of 24 Outline: General and descriptive aspects of chromatographic retention and separation: phenomenological k, efficiency, selectivity. Quantitative description

More information

Introduction to Chromatography

Introduction to Chromatography Introduction to Chromatography Dr. Sana Mustafa Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Karachi. What is Chromatography? Derived from the Greek

More information

AIMALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

AIMALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Fundamentals of AIMALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Seventh Edition Douglas A. Skoog Stanford University Donald M. West San Jose State University F. James Holler University ;of Kentucky W r SAUNDERS COLLEGE PUBLISHING

More information

Chromatography. Mrs. D. MEENA MPharm PA & QA KTPC

Chromatography. Mrs. D. MEENA MPharm PA & QA KTPC Chromatography Mrs. D. MEENA MPharm PA & QA KTPC INTRODUCTION ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES Analytical chemistry involves separating, identifying and determining the relative amount of the components in a sample

More information

Revision Bulletin 27 Jan Feb 2017 Non-Botanical Dietary Supplements Compliance

Revision Bulletin 27 Jan Feb 2017 Non-Botanical Dietary Supplements Compliance Niacin Extended-Release Tablets Type of Posting Posting Date Official Date Expert Committee Reason for Revision Revision Bulletin 27 Jan 2017 01 Feb 2017 Non-Botanical Dietary Supplements Compliance In

More information

Revision Bulletin 29 Dec Jan 2018 Non-Botanical Dietary Supplements Compliance

Revision Bulletin 29 Dec Jan 2018 Non-Botanical Dietary Supplements Compliance Niacin Extended-Release Tablets Type of Posting Posting Date Official Date Expert Committee Reason for Revision Revision Bulletin 29 Dec 2017 01 Jan 2018 Non-Botanical Dietary Supplements Compliance In

More information

High Pressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

High Pressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) High Pressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a form of column chromatography that pumps a sample mixture or analyte in a solvent (known as the

More information

Analytical Chemistry

Analytical Chemistry Analytical Chemistry Chromatographic Separations KAM021 2016 Dr. A. Jesorka, 6112, aldo@chalmers.se Introduction to Chromatographic Separations Theory of Separations -Chromatography Terms Summary: Chromatography

More information

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry Prelab Last modified: June 17, 2014

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry Prelab Last modified: June 17, 2014 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry Prelab Recommended reading: AirUCI Lab Manual: Environmental Chemistry Text: FTIR Lab Pages: 6, 7, 13 16 on Light Absorption Pages: 175 177, 184, 185 on Molecular

More information

Chemistry Gas Chromatography: Separation of Volatile Organics

Chemistry Gas Chromatography: Separation of Volatile Organics Chemistry 3200 Gas chromatography (GC) is an instrumental method for separating volatile compounds in a mixture. A small sample of the mixture is injected onto one end of a column housed in an oven. The

More information

Strategy Consider which of the constituents is the analyte. The remainder will be the residue.

Strategy Consider which of the constituents is the analyte. The remainder will be the residue. 11 Analytical chemistry Answers to worked examples WE 11.1 What s in a sample for analysis? (on p. 517 in Chemistry 3 ) Identify the analyte(s) and the matrix in each of the following systems: (a) iron

More information

Chapter 4: Verification of compendial methods

Chapter 4: Verification of compendial methods Chapter 4: Verification of compendial methods Introduction In order to ensure accurate and reliable test results, the quality control laboratory (QCL) needs to use analytical methods (and accompanying

More information

2 SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS

2 SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS 2 SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS 2.1 Introduction Chemical analysis falls into two basic categories: qualitative what is present quantitative how much is present Spectroscopy is capable of both types of analysis,

More information

Gas Chromatography. Chromatography Laboratory Course. Dr. Christian Jungnickel Chromatography Course GC September 2005

Gas Chromatography. Chromatography Laboratory Course. Dr. Christian Jungnickel Chromatography Course GC September 2005 Gas Chromatography Chromatography Laboratory Course The laboratory course experiments General Aim: Gain general experience using a GC Constant Injection technique Temperature variations Qualitative and

More information

Analytical Topics to Consider in preparation for the MFAT/GRE

Analytical Topics to Consider in preparation for the MFAT/GRE Analytical Topics to Consider in preparation for the MFAT/GRE 1. Solutions and Measurement: (CHEM 222) Describe the steps in a chemical analysis Know the meaning and use of the following solution concentrations.

More information

LUMEFANTRINUM LUMEFANTRINE

LUMEFANTRINUM LUMEFANTRINE July 2008 LUMEFANTRINE: Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (July 2008) This monograph was adopted at the Forty-second WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations

More information

Chemistry 325 Instrumental Methods of Analysis March 13, Final Exam. Name

Chemistry 325 Instrumental Methods of Analysis March 13, Final Exam. Name Final Exam Name Instructions: This exam is worth 100 points. Some questions allow a choice as to which parts are answered. Only answer the number of parts requested. 1. (32 points) Circle the best answer

More information

Chromatography & instrumentation in Organic Chemistry

Chromatography & instrumentation in Organic Chemistry Chromatography & instrumentation in Organic Chemistry What is Chromatography? Chromatography is a technique for separating mixtures into their components in order to analyze, identify, purify, and/or quantify

More information

Chromatographic Separation

Chromatographic Separation What is? is the ability to separate molecules using partitioning characteristics of molecule to remain in a stationary phase versus a mobile phase. Once a molecule is separated from the mixture, it can

More information

Principles of Gas- Chromatography (GC)

Principles of Gas- Chromatography (GC) Principles of Gas- Chromatography (GC) Mohammed N. Sabir January 2017 10-Jan-17 1 GC is a chromatographic technique utilizes gas as the mobile phase which is usually an inert gas (Hydrogen, Helium, Nitrogen

More information

Introduction to biochemical practicals. Vladimíra Kvasnicová

Introduction to biochemical practicals. Vladimíra Kvasnicová Introduction to biochemical practicals Vladimíra Kvasnicová arrangement of practicals laboratory safety regulations laboratory equipment dealing with automatic pipette instructions: http://vyuka.lf3.cuni.cz/

More information

31. Applications of the chromatographic methods in drug analysis

31. Applications of the chromatographic methods in drug analysis 31. Applications of the chromatographic methods in drug analysis 31. 1. Depending on the processes that underlie the chromatographic separation, the following methods exist: A. adsorption chromatography

More information

H 3 CO H 3 CO S CH 3

H 3 CO H 3 CO S CH 3 FENITROTHION 35 H 3 CO P H 3 CO S O CH 3 NO 2 ISO common name Chemical name Fenitrothion O,O-Dimethyl O-4-nitro-m-tolyl phosphorothioate (IUPAC) O,O-Dimethyl O-(3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl)- phosphorothioate

More information

Open Column Chromatography, GC, TLC, and HPLC

Open Column Chromatography, GC, TLC, and HPLC Open Column Chromatography, GC, TLC, and HPLC Murphy, B. (2017). Introduction to Chromatography: Lecture 1. Lecture presented at PHAR 423 Lecture in UIC College of Pharmacy, Chicago. USES OF CHROMATOGRAPHY

More information

Luminescence transitions. Fluorescence spectroscopy

Luminescence transitions. Fluorescence spectroscopy Luminescence transitions Fluorescence spectroscopy Advantages: High sensitivity (single molecule detection!) Measuring increment in signal against a dark (zero) background Emission is proportional to excitation

More information

Chapter 26. An Introduction to Chromatographic Separations. Chromatography

Chapter 26. An Introduction to Chromatographic Separations. Chromatography Chapter 26 An Introduction to Chromatographic Separations Chromatography 1 Chromatography-Model as Extraction Chromatography-Model as Extraction 2 Chromatography Planar Chromatography-Types paper chromatography

More information

MASTERING THE VCE 2014 UNIT 3 CHEMISTRY STUDENT SOLUTIONS

MASTERING THE VCE 2014 UNIT 3 CHEMISTRY STUDENT SOLUTIONS MASTERING THE VCE 2014 UNIT 3 CHEMISTRY STUDENT SOLUTIONS FOR ERRORS AND UPDATES, PLEASE VISIT WWW.TSFX.COM.AU/VCE-UPDATES QUESTION 45 QUESTION 46 Answer is A QUESTION 47 The number of protons in the element.

More information

The Nitrofurantoin Capsules Revision Bulletin supersedes the currently official monograph.

The Nitrofurantoin Capsules Revision Bulletin supersedes the currently official monograph. Nitrofurantoin Capsules Type of Posting Revision Bulletin Posting Date 25 May 2018 Official Date 01 Jun 2018 Expert Committee Chemical Medicines Monographs 1 Reason for Revision Compliance In accordance

More information

https://www.chemicool.com/definition/chromatography.html

https://www.chemicool.com/definition/chromatography.html CHROMATOGRAPHY 1 Chromatography - a physical method of mixture separation in which the components to be separated are distributed between two phases, one of which is stationary (stationary phase) while

More information

CHROMATOGRAPHY. The term "chromatography" is derived from the original use of this method for separating yellow and green plant pigments.

CHROMATOGRAPHY. The term chromatography is derived from the original use of this method for separating yellow and green plant pigments. CHROMATOGRAPHY The term "chromatography" is derived from the original use of this method for separating yellow and green plant pigments. THEORY OF CHROMATOGRAPHY: Separation of two sample components in

More information

Title Quantitative Analysis of a Solution Containing Cobalt and Copper

Title Quantitative Analysis of a Solution Containing Cobalt and Copper Title Quantitative Analysis of a Solution Containing Cobalt and Copper Name Manraj Gill (Lab partner: Tanner Adams) Abstract In this series of experiments, we determine the concentrations of two metal

More information

Answers to spectroscopy questions. 1. Consider the spectrum below. Questions a f refer to this spectrum.

Answers to spectroscopy questions. 1. Consider the spectrum below. Questions a f refer to this spectrum. Answers to spectroscopy questions. 1. Consider the spectrum below. Questions a f refer to this spectrum. a. Is the spectrum above a band spectrum or a line spectrum? This is a band spectra, there are what

More information

School of Chemistry and Physics UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL, WESTVILLE NOVEMBER 2012 EXAMINATION CHEM199: FOUNDATION CHEMISTRY

School of Chemistry and Physics UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL, WESTVILLE NOVEMBER 2012 EXAMINATION CHEM199: FOUNDATION CHEMISTRY School of Chemistry and Physics UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL, WESTVILLE CHEM199: FOUNDATION CHEMISTRY DURATION: 3 HOURS TOTAL MARKS: 100 Internal Examiner: External Moderator: Mrs R Moodley, Mrs R Oosthuizen,

More information

Should you have any questions, please contact Mary P. Koleck, Ph.D., Scientific Liaison ( or

Should you have any questions, please contact Mary P. Koleck, Ph.D., Scientific Liaison ( or Alfuzosin Hydrochloride Extended Release Tablets Type of Posting Posting Date 27 May 2016 Official Date 01 Jun 2016 Expert Committee Chemical Medicines Monographs 5 Reason for Revision Compliance In accordance

More information

Part of the practical procedure is given below.

Part of the practical procedure is given below. A peptide is hydrolysed to form a solution containing a mixture of amino acids. This mixture is then analysed by silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC) using a toxic solvent. The individual amino acids

More information

Quantitative Analysis of Caffeine in Energy Drinks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Quantitative Analysis of Caffeine in Energy Drinks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Quantitative Analysis of Caffeine in Energy Drinks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography CHEM 329 Professor Vogt TA: Fahad Hasan Allison Poget Date Performed: April 5, 2016 Date Submitted: April 12,

More information

ARTEMETHER AND LUMEFANTRINE TABLETS: Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (July 2008)

ARTEMETHER AND LUMEFANTRINE TABLETS: Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (July 2008) July 2008 ARTEMETER AND LUMEFANTRINE TABLETS: Final text for addition to The International Pharmacopoeia (July 2008) This monograph was adopted at the Forty-second W Expert Committee on Specifications

More information

Volumetric Analysis. Quantitative analysis answers the second question

Volumetric Analysis. Quantitative analysis answers the second question Volumetric Analysis Volumetric analysis is a form of quantitative analysis involving the measuring of volumes of reacting solutions, it involves the use of titrations. When buying food we often have two

More information

7. Stability indicating analytical method development and validation of Ramipril and Amlodipine in capsule dosage form by HPLC.

7. Stability indicating analytical method development and validation of Ramipril and Amlodipine in capsule dosage form by HPLC. 7. Stability indicating analytical method development and validation of and in capsule dosage form by HPLC. 7.1 INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS USED 7.1.1 INSTRUMENTS 1. Shimadzu LC-2010 CHT with liquid chromatograph

More information

GENERAL PHARMACOPOEIA MONOGRAPH

GENERAL PHARMACOPOEIA MONOGRAPH MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION GENERAL PHARMACOPOEIA MONOGRAPH Colour intensity of liquids GPM.1.2.1.0006.15 Replaces the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XII, Part 1 Monograph,

More information

Dissolution Test 5 was validated using a Zodiac C18 brand of L1 column. The typical retention time for atorvastatin is about min.

Dissolution Test 5 was validated using a Zodiac C18 brand of L1 column. The typical retention time for atorvastatin is about min. Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets Type of Posting Posting Date 25 Jan 2019 Official Date 01 Feb 2019 Expert Committee Chemical Medicines Monographs 2 Reason for Revision Compliance In accordance with the Rules

More information

Chromatographic Analysis

Chromatographic Analysis Chromatographic Analysis Distribution of Analytes between Phases An analyte is in equilibrium between the two phases [S 1 ] [S 2 ] (in phase 1) (in phase 2) AS [S2 ] K 2 A S [S1 ] 1 AS, A 1 S Activity

More information

TEMPLATE FOR AN EXAMPLE STANDARD TEST METHOD

TEMPLATE FOR AN EXAMPLE STANDARD TEST METHOD APPENDIX V TEMPLATE FOR AN EXAMPLE STANDARD TEST METHOD Validating Chromatographic Methods. By David M. Bliesner Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 159 160 APPENDIX V Title: Effective: Document No:

More information

1. Cyclic voltammetry involves the measurement of a diffusion controlled at an electrode in which the is controlled. (4 points)

1. Cyclic voltammetry involves the measurement of a diffusion controlled at an electrode in which the is controlled. (4 points) Chem 454 First Exam Feb. 20, 2002 1. Cyclic voltammetry involves the measurement of a diffusion controlled at an electrode in which the is controlled. (4 points) 2. (5 points) A. Sketch a cyclic voltammogram

More information

CHAPTER V ANALYTICAL METHODS ESTIMATION OF DICLOFENAC. Diclofenac (gift sample from M/s Micro Labs Ltd., Pondicherry)

CHAPTER V ANALYTICAL METHODS ESTIMATION OF DICLOFENAC. Diclofenac (gift sample from M/s Micro Labs Ltd., Pondicherry) CHAPTER V ANALYTICAL METHODS ESTIMATION OF DICLOFENAC A UV spectrophotometric method based on the measurement of absorbance at 276nm in phosphate buffer of p H 7.4 was used in the present study of the

More information

PYRIPROXYFEN TECHNICAL

PYRIPROXYFEN TECHNICAL WHO/IS/TC/715/2001 TECHNICAL TECHNICAL 1. Specification 1.1 Description Interim specification WHO/IS/TC/715/2001 The material shall consist of pyriproxyfen together with related manufacturing impurities.

More information

Introduction to Chromatographic Separations (Chapter 1) Many determinations involve separation followed by analysis chromatography electrophoresis

Introduction to Chromatographic Separations (Chapter 1) Many determinations involve separation followed by analysis chromatography electrophoresis Introduction to Chromatographic Separations (Chapter 1) Many determinations involve separation followed by analysis chromatography electrophoresis Chromatography: sample transported by mobile phase electrostatic

More information

Page 2. Q1.A student investigated food dyes using paper chromatography. This is the method used.

Page 2. Q1.A student investigated food dyes using paper chromatography. This is the method used. Q1.A student investigated food dyes using paper chromatography. This is the method used. 1. Put a spot of food colouring X on the start line. 2. Put spots of four separate dyes, A, B, C and D, on the start

More information

First week Experiment No.1 / /2013. Spectrophotometry. 1. Determination of copper via ammine complex formation using standard series method

First week Experiment No.1 / /2013. Spectrophotometry. 1. Determination of copper via ammine complex formation using standard series method First week Experiment No.1 / /2013 Spectrophotometry 1. Determination of copper via ammine complex formation using standard series method Principal In the standard series method the teat and standard solution

More information

Preparation of Standard Curves. Principle

Preparation of Standard Curves. Principle Preparation of Standard urves Principle Many laboratory tests require the measurement of concentration be evaluated or read in a photometer (colorimeter or spectrophotometer). Since these instruments are

More information

Chromatography and other Separation Methods

Chromatography and other Separation Methods Chromatography and other Separation Methods Probably the most powerful class of modern analytical methods for analyzing mixture of components---and even for detecting a single component in a complex mixture!

More information

3) In CE separation is based on what two properties of the solutes? (3 pts)

3) In CE separation is based on what two properties of the solutes? (3 pts) Final Exam Chem 311 Fall 2002 December 16 Name 1) (3 pts) In GC separation is based on the following two properties of the solutes a) polarity and size b) vapor pressure and molecular weight c) vapor pressure

More information

Physical Separations and Chromatography

Physical Separations and Chromatography Lab #5A & B: Physical Separations and Chromatography Individual Objectives: At the end of these experiments you should be able to: Ø Distinguish between Rf and tr; chromatograph and chromatogram; adsorption

More information

Analytical techniques: Environmental samples. Lecture 2 Universidade do Algarve

Analytical techniques: Environmental samples. Lecture 2 Universidade do Algarve Analytical techniques: Environmental samples Lecture 2 Universidade do Algarve Terms, definitions & applications Difference between technique and method: Analytical technique: Fundamental scientific application

More information

Final Report. Characterisation of Sample Report. Job No 2016/11/12-34 AS No. 1234A. Client Example Contact Sample. Signed Date 2017.

Final Report. Characterisation of Sample Report. Job No 2016/11/12-34 AS No. 1234A. Client Example Contact Sample. Signed Date 2017. Final Report Title Characterisation of Job No 2016/11/12-34 AS No. 1234A Client Contact Sample Author report Signed Date 2017 Easy Reach Report 2017 v2.docx 1 of 33 Contents 1. Study Summary Page 3 2.

More information

Unit 3 Chemistry. Practice Exam Question and Answer Booklet. A non-profit organisation supporting students to achieve their best.

Unit 3 Chemistry. Practice Exam Question and Answer Booklet. A non-profit organisation supporting students to achieve their best. A non-profit organisation supporting students to achieve their best. Practice Exam Question and Answer Booklet Duration: 15 minutes reading time, 90 minutes writing time Structure of book: Section Number

More information

CfE Higher Chemistry. Unit 3: Chemistry in Society. Chemical Analysis as part of quality control

CfE Higher Chemistry. Unit 3: Chemistry in Society. Chemical Analysis as part of quality control CfE Higher Chemistry Unit 3: Chemistry in Society Chemical Analysis as part of quality control 06/12/2017 Composition and purity 06/12/2017 Learning Outcomes : I can explain the basic principle of how

More information

Instrumental Analysis II Course Code: CH3109. Chromatographic &Thermal Methods of Analysis Part 1: General Introduction. Prof. Tarek A.

Instrumental Analysis II Course Code: CH3109. Chromatographic &Thermal Methods of Analysis Part 1: General Introduction. Prof. Tarek A. Instrumental Analysis II Course Code: CH3109 Chromatographic &Thermal Methods of Analysis Part 1: General Introduction Prof. Tarek A. Fayed What is chemical analysis? Qualitative analysis (1) Chemical

More information

Chem 321 Lecture 18 - Spectrophotometry 10/31/13

Chem 321 Lecture 18 - Spectrophotometry 10/31/13 Student Learning Objectives Chem 321 Lecture 18 - Spectrophotometry 10/31/13 In the lab you will use spectrophotometric techniques to determine the amount of iron, calcium and magnesium in unknowns. Although

More information

NEW SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF OXOLAMINE IN FORMULATION

NEW SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF OXOLAMINE IN FORMULATION NEW SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF OXOLAMINE IN FORMULATION V.PhaniKumar 1 *, CH.Venkata Kishore 2 1 Department of Chemistry, Govt college, Tiruvuru, Krishna District Andhra

More information

TECHNICAL TEMEPHOS. 1. Specification. Full specification WHO/SIT/19.R4 Revised 10 December Description

TECHNICAL TEMEPHOS. 1. Specification. Full specification WHO/SIT/19.R4 Revised 10 December Description WHO/SIT/19.R4 TEMEPHOS TECHNICAL TECHNICAL TEMEPHOS 1. Specification 1.1 Description Full specification WHO/SIT/19.R4 Revised 10 December 1999 The material shall consist of temephos together with related

More information

SCHOOLS ANALYST COMPETITION 2013 MIDLANDS REGIONAL HEAT INSTRUCTION BOOKLET

SCHOOLS ANALYST COMPETITION 2013 MIDLANDS REGIONAL HEAT INSTRUCTION BOOKLET SCHOOLS ANALYST COMPETITION 2013 MIDLANDS REGIONAL HEAT INSTRUCTION BOOKLET ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY ANALYTICAL DIVISION LENNARD-JONES LABORATORIES UNIVERSITY OF KEELE Fish kill: Who is to blame? Welcome:

More information

ANALYTICAL TASK EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

ANALYTICAL TASK EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE ANALYTICAL TASK EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Complexometric determination of zinc after separation from cadmium by ion chromatography It is almost impossible to correctly determine the content of zinc(ii) ions

More information

CHEMISTRY 31 FINAL EXAM - SOLUTIONS Dec. 10, points total

CHEMISTRY 31 FINAL EXAM - SOLUTIONS Dec. 10, points total CHEMISTRY 31 FINAL EXAM - SOLUTIONS Dec. 10, 2012 150 points total A. Multiple Choice and Short answer Section. Multiple Choice Answers in bold 1. A student calculates their unknown soda ash % NaCO 3 as

More information

Instrumental Analysis

Instrumental Analysis Chem 454 Name: Instrumental Analysis Exam I February 5, 1999 80 possible points 1] 5 points Which of the following samples would be suitable for analysis by a calibration curve technique using a potentiometric

More information

A RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF PARA- PHENYLENEDIAMINE IN PURE FORM AND IN MARKETED PRODUCTS

A RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF PARA- PHENYLENEDIAMINE IN PURE FORM AND IN MARKETED PRODUCTS A RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF PARA- PHENYLENEDIAMINE IN PURE FORM AND IN MARKETED PRODUCTS CH.MOUNIKA*, M.KINNERA Research Article SIR.C.R.REDDY COLLEGE OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, ELURU.

More information

AIM To verify Beer - Lambert s law and to determine the dissociation constant (Ka) of methyl red, Spectrophotometrically.

AIM To verify Beer - Lambert s law and to determine the dissociation constant (Ka) of methyl red, Spectrophotometrically. C 141(Expt. No. ) NAME : ROLL No. : SIGNATURE : BATCH : DATE : VERIFICATION OF BEER - LAMBERT S LAW & DETERMINATION OF DISSOCIATION CONSTANT (Ka) OF METHYLRED, SPECTROPHOTOMETRICALLY AIM To verify Beer

More information

Determination of Carbonyl Compounds In Water by Dinitrophenylhydrazine Derivatization and HPLC/UV*

Determination of Carbonyl Compounds In Water by Dinitrophenylhydrazine Derivatization and HPLC/UV* Determination of Carbonyl Compounds In Water by Dinitrophenylhydrazine Derivatization and HPLC/UV* EPA Method 8315A UCT Part Number: EUC1812M15 (Unendcapped C18-2000 mg/15 ml cartridge) March 2013 Method

More information

HPLC. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Harris Chapter 25

HPLC. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Harris Chapter 25 High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Harris Chapter 25 12/1/2005 Chem 253 - Chapter 25 1 HPLC Separation of nonvolatile or thermally unstable compounds. If the analyte/sample can be found to be

More information

DETERMINATION OF DRUG RELEASE DURING DISSOLUTION OF NICORANDIL IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY USING REVERSE PHASE HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

DETERMINATION OF DRUG RELEASE DURING DISSOLUTION OF NICORANDIL IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY USING REVERSE PHASE HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY CHAPTER 9 DETERMINATION OF DRUG RELEASE DURING DISSOLUTION OF NICORANDIL IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY USING REVERSE PHASE HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY CHAPTER 9 Determination of drug release during

More information

John Abbott College Department of Chemistry Chemistry 202-NYB-05 Sample Final Exam

John Abbott College Department of Chemistry Chemistry 202-NYB-05 Sample Final Exam John Abbott College Department of Chemistry Chemistry 202-NYB-05 Sample Final Exam Please Note: 1. Available space for answers has been removed from some questions to conserve space. 2. The questions begin

More information

CHEMISTRY 31 FINAL EXAM May 15, points total

CHEMISTRY 31 FINAL EXAM May 15, points total CHEMISTRY 31 FINAL EXAM May 15, 2017-150 points total NAME Lab Sect. Debye-Hückel Equation: 2 0.51 z µ logγ = 1+ ( α µ / 305) Where: γ = activity coefficient, μ = ionic strength, α = hydrated ion radius,

More information

637. Thiamethoxam. HPLC method

637. Thiamethoxam. HPLC method 637. Thiamethoxam HPLC method CIPAC Collaborative Trial according to CIPAC Information Sheet N o 293 Dr. Sven Adolph Syngenta Crop Protection Münchwilen AG CH-4333 Münchwilen Switzerland May 212 page 1

More information

This method describes the identification of the following prohibited colorants in cosmetic products:

This method describes the identification of the following prohibited colorants in cosmetic products: A. IDENTIFICATION BY TLC 1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION This method describes the identification of the following prohibited colorants in cosmetic products: Names C I number Pigment Orange 5 12075 Metanil

More information

1-(2-METHOXYPHENYL)PIPERAZINE Latest revision: June 27, 2005

1-(2-METHOXYPHENYL)PIPERAZINE Latest revision: June 27, 2005 1-(2-METHOXYPHENYL)PIPERAZINE Latest revision: June 27, 2005 HN O N 1. SYNONYMS CFR: N/A CAS #: Base: 35386-24-4 Hydrochloride: 5464-78-8 Other Names: 2-MeOPP 2-Methoxyphenylpiperazine 2. CHEMICAL AND

More information

BRIEFING. (EXC: K. Moore.) RTS C Propylparaben C 10 H 12 O Benzoic acid, 4 hydroxy, propyl ester; Propyl p hydroxybenzoate [ ].

BRIEFING. (EXC: K. Moore.) RTS C Propylparaben C 10 H 12 O Benzoic acid, 4 hydroxy, propyl ester; Propyl p hydroxybenzoate [ ]. BRIEFING Propylparaben. The European Pharmacopoeia is the coordinating pharmacopeia for the international harmonization of the compendial standards for the Propylparaben monograph, as part of the process

More information