st Semester

Transcription

1 STPA Science 7 th & 8 th Scope and Sequence st Semester STANDARDS/TEKS ELO Concept/Terms RESOURCE/ACTIVITY/ ACTIVITY 1 7.1A,B 8.1.A demonstrate safe practices during laboratory and field investigations as outlined in the Texas Safety Standards Lab Safety Equipment Safety rules - Intro to Science - Lab Safety - Equipment Scavenger Hunt 7.4B 8.4.B use preventative safety equipment, including chemical splash goggles, aprons, and gloves, and be prepared to use emergency safety equipment, including an eye/face wash, a fire blanket, and a fire extinguisher 2 7.1A 8.2.A plan and implement comparative and descriptive investigations by making observations, asking well- defined The student conducts field and laboratory investigations using safe, environmentally appropriate, and ethical practices. The student is expected to demonstrate safe practices during field and laboratory investigations. The student is expected to use inquiry methods during field and laboratory investigations, design and implement experimental investigations by making observations, asking questions, well- defined questions, formulating testable hypothesis. The student is expected to use inquiry methods during field and laboratory investigations, design and implement experimental Scientific Investigation &Reasoning Skills Hypothesis Control - Flinn Safety Contract and Test - Lab Safety PowerPoint - Safety Symbols - Safety Video - Whirligig Lollapalooza (LTF) - Scientific Method Penny Lab - LTF Foundation lab- Graphing

2 questions, and using appropriate equipment and technology. 7.2D 7.2E 8.2.B design and implement comparative and experimental investigations by making observations, asking well- defined questions, formulating testable hypotheses and using appropriate equipment and technology B 7.2C 8.2.D construct tables and graphs, using repeated trials and means, to organize data and identify patterns 8.2.E analyze data to formulate reasonable explanations, communicate valid conclusions supported by the data, and predict trends 7.3B 8.3.B use models to represent aspects of the natural world such as an atom, a molecule, space, or a geologic feature 7.3C 8.3.C identify advantages and limitations of models such as size, scale, properties, and materials 7.4A investigation by making observations, asking questions, well- defined questions, formulating testable hypothesis. The student is expected to use inquiry methods during field and laboratory investigations and collect data by observing, measuring and using sig. figs. Collect data by observing and measuring The student is expected to represent the data collection and construct graphs, tables, and charts using tools including computers to organize, examine and evaluate data. Independent variable Dependent variable Observations Scientific Method Data Conclusion X,Y Axis Controlled, Experimental group Variables Graphs X,Y Axis Independent variable Dependent variable Plot Conclusion Data Trends Extrapolate Patterns Models Limitations Scale Properties Conceptual Mathematical Physical - Vitruvian Man (LTF) - Model project - Green Bean Lab - Measurement Lab - Density Lab SI Units Dimensional Analysis- picket fence technique SI prefixes only Kilo- Milli

3 A,D 8.3.D relate the impact of research on scientific thought and society, including the history of science and contributions of scientists as related to the content 8.5.A describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations, of protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in the electron cloud. 8.5.B identify that protons determine an element s identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity. Evaluate the impact of research on atomic theory. Describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations, of protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in the electron cloud. Construct models to represent different elements by manipulating the number of protons. Determine the relationship between valence electrons and chemical properties and reactivity. Atomic Theory Atom Electron Nucleus Electron Cloud Atomic Structure Proton AMU Neutron Atomic number Isotope Mass number Atomic Mass Valence Electrons Ions Electron Cloud Energy Levels - Atomic Theory Scientist (3 days)research Project (Bohr, Dalton, Thompson, Rutherford, Democritus, Lewis, Schrodinger, Heisenberg) - Atomic Theory Timeline with questions - Contribution to Scientist Matchup Quiz - Rutherford Simulation (LTF) - Building Atomic Models (kits or phet simulation) phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation /build- an- atom A describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations, of protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in the electron cloud. 8.5.B identify that protons determine an element s identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity. Interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. Periodic Table Groups Periods Families Metals Nonmetals Metalloids Semiconductors Periodic Law Group Name I.E. Noble Gasses - Playing cards periodicity - Periodic Table Basic activity - LTF Periodic Table Lab - Holt- Chapter 3

4 8.5.C interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements C differentiate between elements and compounds on the most basic level. 6.6.A compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability 7.6.A identify that organic compounds contain carbon and other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, or Sulfur D recognize that chemical formulas are used to identify substances and determine the number of atoms of each element in chemical formulas containing subscripts 8.5.E investigate how evidence of chemical reactions indicate that new substances with different properties Compare and contrast elements and compounds at the most basic level. Compare and Contrast metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Classify elements based on their physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. Recognize that organic compounds contain carbon and other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, or Sulfur. Calculate the number of atoms of each element in a chemical formula Justify how a balanced chemical equation demonstrates the law of conservation of mass. Elements, Compounds Element Pure Substance Metals Nonmetals Metalloids Compound Molecule Luster Malleability Ductile Conductivity Reactivity Brittle Dull Organic Compounds Chemical Formulas Subscript Coefficient Molecules Organic - Metal, Nonmetals, Metalloids Lab ( Chemistry teacher.net) - Classification of Matter Flow Chart - Physical vs. Chemical properties lab. - Identifying Organic Compounds Lab - Counting atoms ppt (2) - Counting atoms handout - Canister Conundrum - PC change lab

5 are formed B distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter in the digestive system. 8.5.F recognize whether a chemical equation containing coefficients is balanced or not and how that relates to the law of conservation of mass Identify and describe manifestations of chemical reactions. Identify new substances formed as a result of chemical reactions and their new properties. Assess whether a chemical equation containing coefficients is balanced or not. Physical and Chemical Changes Reactivity Flammability Toxicity Density Boiling points States of matter Endothermic Exothermic Law of Conservation of Mass - Observing a Chemical Reaction lab - A cool chemical reaction LTF - Separating mixtures lab E investigate how evidence of chemical reactions indicate that new substances with different properties are formed 7.6. B distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter in the digestive system. Compare and contrast the physical and chemical changes that occur as matter moves through the digestive system. Physical and Chemical Changes Reactivity Flammability Toxicity Density Boiling points States of matter - Breaking down compounds lab- Fizzy light and more Fizz - Intestine digestion lab F recognize that according to cell theory all organisms are composed of cells and cells carry on similar functions such as extracting energy from food to sustain life D differentiate between Evaluate the importance of the cell theory and assess the relationship between structure and function of living things and is expected to determine that Cell Theory Cell Plant cell Animal cell Organelles - Create a species (LTF)- project Introduce at beginning of unit - Cell theory Ted Ed video - Cell structure and function lab

6 structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole all organisms are composed of cells that carry on functions for life. Compare the use of energy to carry out functions of life including photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Cell membrane Cytoplasm Cell wall Nucleus Mitochondrion Chloroplast Vacuole Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum Lysosomes - Microscope intro- YouTube video- Michelle - Is it Plant or Animal? (LTF) daren - Organelle Analogy Activity D identify the basic characteristics of organisms, including prokaryotic or eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, autotrophic or heterotrophic, and mode of reproduction, that further classify them in the currently recognized Kingdoms B compare the results of uniform or diverse offspring from sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction C recognize that inherited traits of individuals are governed in the genetic material found in the genes within chromosomes in the nucleus C recognize that inherited traits of individuals are governed in the genetic material found in the genes within chromosomes in the Generate understandings of cell division including the copying of the cell s DNA containing hereditary instructions on cellular functions. Distinguish variations among organisms that account for ecosystem, species, and genetic diversity. Distinguish variations among organisms that account for ecosystem, species, and genetic Cellular characteristics Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Unicellular Multicellular Autotroph Heterotroph Asexual reproduction Binary fission Sexual reproduction Offspring Inherited Traits DNA Genes Chromosomes Nucleus Inherited Traits DNA Genes Chromosomes - Egg Osmosis Hyper vs. Hypo- YouTube- Lab - Cornstarch Iodine Diffusion- Holt 7 th grade lab - Shed some light on the problem (LTF) - Cell Videos - Dichotomous Key Lab - PTC Taste test - What genes do you have?

7 nucleus B identify the main functions of the systems of the human organism, including the circulatory, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, digestive, excretory, reproductive, integumentary, nervous, and endocrine systems B identify the main functions of the systems of the human organism, including the circulatory, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, digestive, excretory, reproductive, integumentary, nervous, and endocrine systems A describe producer/consumer, predator/prey, and parasite/host relationships as they occur in food diversity. Generalize the levels of organization within an organism and the interrelated parts that form a more complex system. Recognize that feedback mechanisms help maintain homeostasis. Distinguish variations among organisms that account for ecosystem, species, and genetic diversity. Generalize the levels of organization within an organism and the interrelated parts that form a more complex system. Recognize that feedback mechanisms help maintain homeostasis. Generalize the levels of organization within an ecosystem, and assess how Nucleus Body Systems Homeostasis Circulatory Respiratory Skeletal Muscular Digestive Excretory Reproductive Integumentary Nervous Endocrine Lymphatic Urinary Body Systems Homeostasis Circulatory Respiratory Skeletal Muscular Digestive Excretory Reproductive Integumentary Nervous Endocrine Lymphatic Urinary Ecological Relationships Producer - QR scavenger hunt- Body systems - Fruit fly lab - Dissections Fetal pig- 3 days - Travel Brochure- Organ system project - Interactive Body website- BBC umanbody/body/index_interactiv ebody.shtml - Field of Beans (LTF)

8 webs within marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems 8.11.B investigate how organisms and populations in an ecosystem depend on and may compete for biotic and abiotic factors such as quantity of light, water, range of temperatures, or soil composition different environments support different types of organisms. Determine how organisms are interdependent among each other and their environment. Consumer Predator Prey Predation Parasite Host Mutualism Commensalism Competition Symbiosis Ecosystems & Factors Biotic Abiotic Organism Population Community Ecosystem biosphere C diagram the flow of energy through living systems, including food chains, food webs, and energy pyramids 7.10.B describe how biodiversity contributes to the sustainability of an ecosystem 8.11.C explore how short- and long- term environmental changes affect organisms and traits in subsequent populations 7.11.C identify some changes in Ecosystems recycle both matter and energy including food webs, food chains, and the energy pyramid. Determine how organisms are dependent among each other and the sustainability of their ecosystem. Identify different types of drastic events, such as fire or climate change, that Energy Ecosystems Natural Selection - Madison river (LTF) - Bean Bunny(LTF) - Bird Beak Adaptations lab - Natural selection simulation- PHET - Survival of the sweetest (LTF)

9 genetic traits that have occurred over several generations through natural selection and selective breeding such as the Galapagos Medium Ground Finch (Geospiza fortis) or domestic animals may trigger a succession of changes to an ecosystem. Recognize evidence of species adapting in response to environmental changes in ecosystems based on their favorable characteristics.

10 2 nd Semester Week STANDARDS/TEKS ELO Concept/Terms RESOURCE/ACTIVITY/LAB A examine organisms or their structures such as insects or leaves and use dichotomous keys for identification D construct tables and graphs, using repeated trials and means, to organize data and identify patterns 8.2.E analyze data to formulate reasonable explanations, communicate valid conclusions supported by the data, and predict trends A demonstrate and calculate how unbalanced forces change the speed or direction Demonstrate the ability to use dichotomous keys for identifying and classifying organisms based on their differences and similarities. The student is expected to use inquiry methods during field and laboratory investigations and collect data by observing, measuring and using sig. figs. Collect data by observing and measuring The student is expected to represent the data collection and construct graphs, tables, and charts using tools including computers to organize, examine and evaluate data. Demonstrate and calculate how unbalanced forces change the speed or direction of an Dichotomous Key Heterotrophs Kingdoms Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Domains Achaea Bacteria Eukarya Graphs X,Y Axis Independent variable Dependent variable Plot Conclusion Data Trends Extrapolate Patterns Force and Motion Force - LTF Candy Lab - Leaf Dichotomous Key - Metric Review with Dimensional analysis - Canister Conundrum (LTF) - Graphing Activity - Formative Common Assessment

11 of an object s motion 8.6.B differentiate between speed, velocity, and acceleration 6.8.C calculate average speed using distance and time measurements 6.8.D measure and graph changes in motion object s motion. Determine the net force acting on an object and the direction of motion. Unbalanced Force Friction Resistance Forces Mass Motion Net Force Gravity Weight Acceleration due to gravity - Speed Challenge - Constant speed lab (LTF) - Velocity vs. Time graphs (LTF) - Velocity of a Car(outside) - Dimensional Analysis - Moving man (PHET) A demonstrate and calculate how unbalanced forces change the speed or direction of an object s motion 8.6.B differentiate between speed, velocity, and acceleration Calculate speed, velocity, and acceleration Create a graph to represent changes in motion. Speed Velocity Acceleration - Acceleration Lab - Happiness is a straight line - (Inquiry lab)- Have students create lab- project 6.8.C calculate average speed using distance and time measurements 6.8.D measure and graph changes in motion C investigate and describe applications of Newton s law of inertia, law of force and acceleration, and law of action- reaction such Identify and Explain Newton s 3 laws of Motion. Relate Newton s laws of motion to activities such as: vehicle restraints, sports activities, Newton s Laws of Motion Inertia Mass Force - Crash Test Dummy Lab - Force- Pennies Lab

12 as in vehicle restraints, sports activities, amusement park rides, Earth s tectonic activities, and rocket launches amusement park rides, Earth s tectonic activities, and rocket launches. Momentum Terminal Velocity Weight Gravity - Momentum lab A contrast situations where work is done with different amounts of force to situations where no work is done such as moving a box with a ramp and without a ramp, or standing still. Determine when work is being done in various situations. Calculate Work Compare the amount of work done when using a simple machine and when not using a simple machine. Work and Power Joule Watt Newton - Running the stairs (LTF) - Inclined Plane lab and work lab - Levers R Us (LTF) A contrast situations where work is done with different amounts of force to situations where no work is done such as moving a box with a ramp and without a ramp, or standing still. 6.8E investigate how inclined planes and pulleys can be used to change the amount of force to move an object. Identify and give examples of the six types of simple machines. Demonstrate the relationship between force and motion using simple machines. Justify how machines make work easier but do not reduce the amount of work done. Simple Machines Work input Work output Input Force Output Force Compound Machines Levers Inclined Plane Wedge Screw - Penny Lever Lab - Block and Tackle Lab - Compound Machines in our Society - Edheads.org interactive website

13 Pulley Wheel and Axle 8 6.8a recognize that radiant energy from the Sun is transformed into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis; 7.7b illustrate the transformation of energy within an organism such as the transfer from chemical energy to heat and thermal energy in digestion; and 7.7c demonstrate and illustrate forces that affect motion in everyday life such as emergence of seedlings, turgor pressure, and geotropism. Compare and contrast potential and kinetic Energy Analyze and Illustrate how the transformation of energy demonstrates the law of conservation of energy. Demonstrate and illustrate forces that affect motion in everyday life such as emergence of seedlings, turgor pressure, and geotropism. Energy Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Mechanical Energy Electrical Energy Radiant Energy Chemical Energy Thermal Energy Nuclear Energy Sound Energy Turgor Pressure Geotropism - Roller Coaster (LTF) - Project 6.9c demonstrate energy transformations such as energy in a flashlight battery changes from chemical energy to electrical energy to light energy. 7.5a recognize that radiant energy from the Sun is transformed into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis; A describe the historical development of evidence that Identify the layers of the earth s Weathering/Ero - Acid Rain LTF

14 supports plate tectonic theory. 8.9.B relate plate tectonics to the formation of crustal features 8.9.C interpret topographic maps and satellite views to identify land and erosional features and predict how these features may be reshaped by weathering interior and how they are detected with seismic waves. Identify evidence that support the theory of continental drift through discovery of sea floor spreading, fossil evidence and magnetic reversal. Describe the 3 type of tectonic plate boundaries and their location. Identify what causes subduction and renewal of earth s crust. Predict the type of crustal features created at each plate boundary. Distinguish between 3 types of faults. (Normal reverse, and strike- slip) sion Crust Lithosphere Mantle Asthenosphere Mesosphere Inner Core Outer Core Alfred Wegner Tectonic plate Continental drift Sea- floor spreading Plate tectonics Subduction zone Convergent boundary Divergent Boundary Transform Boundary Slab pull Ridge Push Stress Strain Uplift Subsidence - Earth s Layers Foldable - Topographic Lab & worksheet - I pad lesson Google Earth, 123D Make app C interpret topographic maps and satellite Interpret topographic maps and satellite views to identify land Erosion & Deposition - Rock and Roll lab (LTF)

15 views to identify land and erosional features and predict how these features may be reshaped by weathering 7.8.C model the effects of human activity on groundwater and surface water in a watershed features. Recognize and distinguish contour lines and their related land features. Predict how these features may be reshaped by weathering. Describe the water cycle. Describe ways in which people cause water pollution and explain the difference between point- source and non- point source pollution. Weathering Contour lines Gentle slope Steep slope Valleys Mountains/Hill Depression Plateau Water cycle Pollution Point source solution Nonpoint- source pollution - LTF Porosity - LTF Dynamic Earth (optional GT project) Websites: g/ te.org/e_classroom.htm - LTF- Life on the James lab - Reading a topographic map handout - Potato mountain lab - Play do mountain lab A recognize that the Sun provides the energy that drives convection within the atmosphere and oceans, producing winds and ocean currents 8.10.B identify how global patterns of atmospheric movement influence local weather using weather maps that show high and low pressures and fronts Explain what air masses are and describe the four different kinds of air masses that affect weather in the U.S. Describe the four major kinds of fronts and how they cause weather change. Describe the different types of instruments used to take Condensation Precipitation Evaporation Runoff Tropical Maritime Polar Continental Air mass front Occluded Stationary front - Air Masses and Fronts Lab - Reading a weather map lab - Chimney lab - Ocean Model demo - Molecular motion lab (LTF)

16 weather measurements. Predict type of weather created by each front. Describe how thunderstorms, tornados, and hurricanes form. Warm front Cold front Cumulous Stratus clouds Ocean breeze Sea breeze forecast - Relative Humidity lab (LTF) missions.net/wvstorm/?cat =2&sid=1&pid=38&page=% 20%20Teacher%20pages Isobars C identify the role of the oceans in the formation of weather systems such as hurricanes 8.7.A model and illustrate how the tilted Earth rotates on its axis, causing day and night, and revolves around the Sun causing changes in seasons 6.11.B understand that gravity is the force that governs the motion of our solar system 8.7.B demonstrate and predict the sequence of events in the lunar cycle Describe surface currents, and list three factors that control them. The student is expected to model and illustrate how the tilted Earth rotates on its axis, causing day and night and revolves around the Sun causing changes in seasons and predict the sequence of events in the lunar cycle, and relate the position of the Moon and Sun to their effect on tides. Ocean current Surface current Gulf stream/global winds Coriolis effect Continental Deflection Deep current Upwelling El Nino - Molecular Motion Lab (LTF) - Reasons for the seasons (LTF) B demonstrate and predict the sequence of events in the lunar cycle 8.7.C relate the position of the Moon and Sun to their effect on ocean tides Analyze and predict the sequence of events in the lunar cycle. Explain tides and their relationship with Earth, the sun, and the moon. Tides Lunar phases Lunar cycle Tidal range Spring tides Neap tides - Moon watch lab (LTF) - Tides of War literary activity (LTF)

17 Classify different type of tides. ray.org/ A describe components of the universe, including stars, nebulae, and galaxies, and use models such as the Hertzsprung- Russell diagram for classification 8.8.B recognize that the Sun is a medium- sized star near the edge of a disc- shaped galaxy of stars and that the Sun is many thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star Identify the various types shapes of galaxies. Describe the content and characteristics of galaxies. Explain the relationship between gravity and pressure in a nebulae and how this gravity keeps out solar system intact. Galaxies Spiral galaxies Elliptical galaxies Irregular galaxies Nebulae Globular clusters Quasars - Black holes and beyond lab (LTF) - Life cycle/hr diagram interactive lab: ray.org/labs/star_life/hr_in teractive.html - Diagramming the stars handout - Jewels of the night activity using the Ipad (for pdf star cluster): cation/jewels/home.html C explore how different wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum such as light and radio waves are used to gain information about distances and properties of components in the universe 8.8.D model and describe how light Describe how the composition of a star is determine based on the spectral line analysis. Determine the difference between the apparent motion and the real motion of stars. Spectrum Apparent magnitude Absolute magnitude Parallex Red shift - Electromagnetic Spectrum informational website: com/aplinks/chapters/7ato micstructure/electromagne

18 years are used to measure distances and sizes in the universe Model and describe how light years are used to measure distances and sizes between galaxies. Blue shift Big bang theory Big crunch theory Light year ticspectrum.swf - EMS web quest: du/edu/pcr/waves/general %20Wave%20Properties/El ectromagnetic%20spectru m%20web%20quest.htm - EMS website: space.stsci.edu/resources/ explorations/light/ - Distance universe lab: ation.com/teachers/free- lesson- plans/astronomical- scales.cfm A describe components of the universe, including stars, nebulae, and galaxies, and use models such as the Hertzsprung- Russell diagram for classification Generalize the quantities that are plotted in the H- R diagram. Formulate how stars at different stages in their life H- R diagram Main sequence White dwarf Red giant Supernova Neutron star Pulsar - HR diagram lab: ray.com/h- R%20Diagram%20Lab.htm

19 cycle appear on the H- R diagram. Black hole