08 10 Nov 2016 Shah Alam - Melaka

Transcription

1 Application of Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) from Polyurethane (PU)/diol-NaI Electrolyte with activated carbon (AC) composite photoelectrochemical electrode UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA ( UiTM) Nov 2016 Shah Alam - Melaka

2 PRESENTATION OUTLINES INTRODUCTION MATERIALS/DSSC OVERVIEW PROBLEM STATEMENT OBJECTIVES OF STUDY METHODOLOGY CHARACTERIZATION/RESULTS REFERENCES

3 Polyurethane (PU) as DSSC Electrodes Substrate Solar cells require thermal-resistive coating and PU:Silicone resin has pronounced as thermal coatings. Silicone resins contain methyl and phenyl group and the phenyl groups improve heat resistance, flexibility and compatibility with fabrication substrate and dye. Anand et.al [1] initiated the study of intercross-linked network based on siliconized polyurethane-epoxy/unsaturated polyester coatings for incorporation of siloxane into Polyurethane modified epoxy/ unsaturated polyester system. The system delays the degradation process due to its ablative character and thermally stable of Si- O-Si linkages.. Silicone Structure (general)

4 Working Principle on DSSC Gratzel cells : UV and Blue end of light spectrum Gratzel and Brian O Regan,1991] [Micheal Black is the most efficient dye : ability of absorbing lights (activated carbon, Cac) DSSC light is absorbed by sensitizers (Cac/Zn/CuPc) which anchored to wide band semiconductor. Original state of Dye subsequently restored by electron donation from the electrolyte (Redox Iodide/Triiodide) Charge separation takes place at the interface via photo-induced electron injection from the dye to the conduction band. Iodide is regenerated by the reduction of the Triiodide at the counter electrode via forced electron migration through external load

5 DSSC Schematic Diagram S-PU Cu/ TiO 2 Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles/TNP N719 /ZnPc/CuPc PEO-Ac / Cu-S-PU Active layer (Working Electrode) Electrolyte (E.E) Active layer (Counter Electrode)

6 (a) Objectives (b) (c) To prepare active layer mixtures of S-PU/MEH- PPV/TNP-Dyes for polymer composite heterojunction cell with enhanced photocatalysisphotoregeneration using solution casting method To investigate the effect of Pthalocyanine dyes composite ACPc (PKC-AC) and (Zn and Cu) hybrid DSC type on the photoanode TiO2/Sensitizer active layer and dual-functional photoanode layers To determine optimum composition of KI-NaI/Iodide for electrolyte system with optimum conductive polymer systems (ie: electrochemical properties cells systems) (d) To fabricate and study the performance of DSSC using the optimized S- PU/MEH-PPV/TiO-Dye/KI-NaI/electrodes electrolyte of the active layer Redox function prepared.

7 Methodology: solar conv. efficiency Full solar spectrum photon flux Io=100 mw/cm 2 (Air Mass 1.5) (Gratzel, 2003) Jsc = short circuit current, Voc = open circuit voltage FF = fill factor

8 Methodology Prepare S-PU layer by Blade technique for Peel-off layer of S-PU film on poly-paper substrate. Prepare layer of S-PU/MEH-PPV/TNP-Dye Solar Cells active photocatalysts layer with ( Zn / Cu) Pthalocyanine regeneration layer of WE Solar Cells -Cac-Dye/MEH-PPV/Pc + TNP & solvent (1:4) at 25 o C (Spin Coating) /TnP/Dye S-PU

9 Methodology cont. Prepare electrolyte of DSSC Solar Cells layer inter layered with conductive polymer/active layer using NaI/KI/I2 for Triodide (Redox) system hybrid with polymer hole conductor Fabrication of DSSC system from the optimized compositions and characterizations at room temperature

10 DSSC Cells Fabrication

11 Results : Material Preparation -Natural dyes Sensitizers (Cac/FeoD/Pc) -Activated carbon (AC) from Bio-process (Pyrolysis) process low carbon with Controlled Environment System. Bio composites ie: PKC-AC:FEO-D and pyrolysis process enhance the porosity of AC,hence increase surface area/absorbency. Preparation: Bio-composites > pyrolysis> activated carbon - After quenching method [Mark et.al, 2011] Before Pyrolysis

12 UV-Vis Spectroscopy S-PU Substrate

13 UV-Vis of Pthalocyanines Spectra of Sensitisers

14 Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Dyes Impedance Plot Zi(Ω) 1.20E E E E E E+04 Electrical Impedance Analysis (EIS) - Dyes Conductivity 0.00E E E E E E E+05 Zr(Ω) TNP ZnPc CuPc FeO GPc

15 DSSCs Performance S-PU/PKC-AC/Pt Organic/Metal-Pc Sensitizer Solar cell Efficiency (Pc) 0.06% (Chuen et.al %) FTO/Pc/MehPPV-TiO2/EE/PKC-AC/ (DSSC)

16 DSSCs Performance C-AC/Pc Dye Organic-Inorganic Sensitizer Solar cell-e Efficiency ZnPc 0.61% CuPc 0.67% (Zhang et.al 0.65%) FTO/Dye-TiO2/EE/PKC-AC/CE Dye Sensitised (DSSC)

17 REFERENCES [1] Gratzel, M. (2005). Solar Energy Conversion by Dye-Sensitized Photovoltaic Cells. Inorg. Chem., Vol. 44, pp [2] Lewis, N. S. (2007). Toward Cost-Effective Solar Energy Use. Science, Vol 315, pp [3] Dharmesh H. Dalwadi, Christine Canet, Nick Roye and Kaj Hedman, Rheology: An Important Tool In active layer Development, Application Note: American Laboratory, Nov [4] Bohuslava Havlinova. Ludmila Hornakova, Vlasta Brezova, Zuzana Liptakova, Juraj Kindernay and Viera Jancovicova, active layer receptivity on substrate-characterization of substrate materials,j:colloids and surfaces A 168: , [5] H. Yano, P.J. Collins and Y. Yazaki, Plastic-like moulded products made from renewable forest resources, J: Materials Science, 36 p: , 2001 [6] Halinova. B. et all. active layer receptivity on substrate chatacterization of substrate materials, J: Colloids and Surfaces A 168: p: , 2000 [7] Halinova. B. et all. The Stability of offset active layers on substrate upon ageing, J: Dyes and Pigments, p: , 2002 [8] Samya El-Sherbiny and Huining Xiao, Effect of polymeric thickeners on pigment coatings: Adsorption, rheological behaviour and surface structures, J: Materials Science, 39 p: , [9] M. Ginic-Markovic, N.R Choudhury, J.G Matisons and D.R.G Williams, Characterisation of Polyurethane Coating using thermoanaytical techniques, J: Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 59, p: , 2000 [10] I.K. Adewumi and M.O. Ogedengbe, Optimising Conditions for Hybrid Composite dyes Charcoal Production from Zinc Pthalocyanine Shells,J: Applied Sciences 5(6): , 2005

18 THANK YOU