1. Colligative Properties A. The diffusion of water molecules to a higher concentration through a semipermeable membrane

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1 Key Terms of Colligative Properties: Match the definitions to their topic: 1. Colligative Properties A. The diffusion of water molecules to a higher concentration through a semipermeable membrane 2. Nonvolatile Substance B. A membrane that allows certain molecules to pass through it 3. Molal Freezing Point Constant, Kf C. The temperature when a solid and liquid are at equilibrium 4. freezing point D. A property that is determined by the number of particles present in a system. It does not depend on the particles properties. 5. Molal boiling point constant, Kb* E.substance that has little tendency to become a gas under existing conditions 6. boiling point elevation F.A quantity calculated to represent the boiling point elevation of 1 molal solution of a nonvolatile nonelectrolyte solution. 7. Semi permeable membrane G. an amount calculated to represent the freezing point of depression of a non volatile, non electrolyte solution. 8. Osmosis H. Difference between the boiling point of a liquid when its pure and the boiling point of the liquid in solution. The difference depends on the amount of solute particles. 9. Osmotic Pressure I. The external pressure that must be applied to stop osmosis.

2 Soluble vs. Insoluble Write whether the following compounds are soluble or insoluble using your solubility chart: Compound Soluble or insoluble H 2 NO 3 KClO 3 AgCl PbSO 4 CaCrO 4 H 2 SO 4 UuqSO 4 SO 3 I 2 SCNBrOH Multiple Choice: Which of the following salt(s) are insoluble? A. KCl B. NaCl C. AgCl D. CaCl Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and the molecular equation (if applicable) for the following questions: 1.AgNO 3 + KCl AgCl + KNO 3 2. strontium bromide + potassium sulfate strontium sulfate+potassium bromide

3 3. chromium(iii) nitrate + iron(ii) sulfate chromium(iii) sulfate + iron(ii) nitrate (aq) Complete the Equation and write the molecular, the ionic, and net ionic equation: 4. K 3 PO 4 (aq) + Al(NO 3 ) 3 (aq) 5.calcium hydroxide + iron(iii) chloride 6. cobalt(iii) bromide + potassium sulfide 7. Determine the freezing point of a solution of 60.0 g of glucose, C 6 H 12 O 6, dissolved in 80.0 g of water. This solution will be given to the president of the United States of America in order to conduct crucial experiments

4 What is the freezing point of a solution of 645 g of urea, H 2 NCONH 2, dissolved in 980. g of water? 8. What is the molal freezing point constant (Kf) for water? 9. Why does boiling point increase when a solute is added? 10. Give 3 other examples of solutes that will be added that would cause boiling point to increase?

5 Answer Sheet Match the definitions to their topic: 1. D 2.E 3.G 4.C 5.F 6.H 7. B 8. A 9. I Soluble vs. Insoluble Tell whether the following are Soluble or insoluble using your solubility chart: 1. Soluble 2.Soluble 3. Insoluble 4. Insoluble 5. Soluble 6.Soluble 7.insoluble 8. Soluble 9.insoluble Which of the following salts are insoluble? C.

6 Show the complete ionic equation and the net ionic equation for the following questions: 1.AgNO 3 + KCl AgCl + KNO 3 Total Ionic: Ag + (aq)+no 3 (aq)+k + (aq)+cl (aq) AgCl (s)+ K + (aq) + NO 3 (aq) Net Ionic: Ag + (aq) +Cl (aq) AgCl (s) 2. strontium bromide + potassium sulfate strontium sulfate+potassium bromide Molecular: SrBr 2 (aq) + K 2 SO 4 (aq) SrSO 4 (s) + 2 KBr (aq) Total Ionic: Sr 2+ (aq)+2 Br (aq) +2 K + (aq)+so 4 2 (aq) SrSO 4 (s)+2 K + (aq)+2 Br (aq) Net Ionic: Sr 2+ (aq) + SO 4 2 (aq) SrSO 4 (s) 3. chromium(iii) nitrate + iron(ii) sulfate chromium(iii) sulfate + iron(ii) nitrate (aq) Molecular: 2 Cr(NO 3 ) 3 (aq) + 3 FeSO 4 (aq) 3 Fe(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Cr 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (aq) Total Ionic: 2 Cr 3+ (aq)+6 NO 3 (aq)+3 Fe 2+ 2 (aq)+3 SO 4 (aq) 2 Cr 3+ (aq)+6 NO 3 (aq)+3 Fe 2+ 2 (aq)+3 SO 4 (aq) Net Ionic: No Reaction Complete the Equation and write the ionic and net ionic equation: 4. K 3 PO 4 (aq) + Al(NO 3 ) 3 (aq) Molecular: K 3 PO 4 (aq) + Al(NO 3 ) 3 (aq) AlPO 4 (s) + 3 KNO 3 (aq) Total Ionic: 3 K + (aq)+po 4 3 (aq)+al 3+ (aq)+3 NO 3 (aq) AlPO 4 (s) + 3 K + (aq)+3 NO 3 (aq) Net Ionic: Al 3+ (aq) + PO 4 3 (aq) AlPO 4 (s) 5.calcium hydroxide + iron(iii) chloride Molecular: 3 Ca(OH) 2 (aq) + 2 FeCl 3 (aq) 3 CaCl 2 (aq) + 2 Fe(OH) 3 (s) Total Ionic: 3 Ca 2+ (aq)+6 OH (aq)+2 Fe 3+ (aq)+6 Cl (aq) 3 Ca 2+ (aq) + 6 Cl (aq) + 2 Fe(OH) 3 (s) Net Ionic: Fe 3+ (aq) + 3 OH (aq) Fe(OH) 3 (s) 6. cobalt(iii) bromide + potassium sulfide Molecular: 2 CoBr 3 (aq) + 3 K 2 S(aq) Co 2 S 3 (s) + 6 KBr (aq) Total Ionic: 2 Co 3+ (aq)+6 Br (aq)+6 K + (aq)+3 S 2 (aq) Co 2 S 3 (s)+6 K + (aq)+6 Br (aq) Net Ionic: 2 Co 3+ (aq) + 3 S 2 (aq) Co 2 S 3 (s)

7 7. Determine the freezing point of a solution of 60.0 g of glucose, C6H12O6, dissolved in 80.0 g of water. This solution will be given to the president of the United States of America in order to conduct crucial tests on The Lebanese people. With this, we can unlock the key to life. So dont mess up C What is the freezing point of a solution of 645 g of urea, H2NCONH2, dissolved in 980. g of water? 20.4C 8. What is the molal freezing point constant (Kf) for water? 1.86 Why does boiling point increase when a solute is added? Solute changes the boiling point of the solvent. In fact when solute is added in a solvent then after adding the solute the boiling point of the solution increases. For example, if salt is added in water then the boiling point of water will increase from 100 degree Celsius. When solute is added in the solvent, the solvent molecules take more time and temperature to develop vapor pressure and hence the boiling point of the solvent increases. Give 3 other examples of solutes that will be added that would cause boiling point to increase? 1. Iodine

8 2. HCL 3. Nail polish