A simple on-plastic/paper inkjet-printed solid-state Ag/AgCl pseudoreference
|
|
- Beatrice Shaw
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Supporting Information A simple on-plastic/paper inkjet-printed solid-state Ag/AgCl pseudoreference electrode Everson Thiago Santos Gerôncio da Silva,, Sandrine Miserere, Lauro Tatsuo Kubota and Arben Merkoçi, * Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute of Nanotechnology, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, , Campinas-SP, Brazil. Table of contents - Materials, equipment and chemicals - Inkjet printing parameters - Characterization of the AgNP inkjet printed on paper - Fabrication of pre on PET and paper with bleach - Morphological characterization of the paper-based p-re - Electrochemical Formation of AgCl layer - Inkjet printing resolution S-1
2 Materials, equipment and chemicals All chemical were of analytical grade. The potassium chloride (KCl) was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich and deionized water (MilliQ Millipore system) was used to prepare the 3.0 mol L -1 solution. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) ink for the inkjet printer (< 50nm, 20 wt.% in ethyleneglycol) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The substrates polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Whatman #1 chromatographic paper were acquired from McDermid Autotype and GE Healthcare Europe GMBH, respectively. A piezoelectric Dimatix Materials Printer DMP-2800, FUJIFILM Dimatix, Inc., Santa Clara, USA (Figure S1), was used to print the AgNP ink on the substrates. A commercial bleach solution (approximately 40 mg ml -1 NaClO) was used to modify the silver electrode and obtain a pseudo-reference (Ag/AgCl). Electrochemical experiments were performed with a potentiostat PGSTAT-12 Model from Autolab Eco Chemie (Utrecht, The Netherlands) connected to a PC (Software GPES 4.9). For these experiments, a two-electrode system was used with a commercial Ag/AgCl reference electrode against the inkjet printed pseudo-reference electrodes produced in this work. (a) (b) Figure S1. Image of the (a) Inkjet printer DIMATIX and (b) its 10 pl cartridge with 16 nozzles. S-2
3 Inkjet printing parameters Before printing, 1.5 ml of the AgNP ink was filtered using a syringe nitrocellulose filter with 0.2 µm pore and injected inside the 10pL DMC cartridge (Figure S1b). For both substrates, the waveform used to print was Dimatix Model Fluid 2 Waveform with the voltage between 18 and 22 V. To ensure a good and fast printing, five nozzles were used with the jetting velocity approximately 5.6 m/s. The printing process was carried out at room temperature and cleaning cycle (Purge 1.0 second Blot) was used only before printing. Different drop spacing (ds) had to be used for each substrate due to its differences regarding the interactions between the ink and the surface of the substrate, besides its porosity. When PET was used as substrate, 20 µm of ds was chosen and just one layer of ink was necessary to obtain homogeneous and conductive silver film. However, 30 µm of ds and 4 layers of ink were necessary to obtain a conductive silver film on the chromatographic paper, mainly due to its high surface area. Characterization of the AgNP inkjet printed on paper After print 4 layers of AgNP ink on paper and cure at 120 C for 20 min (each layer), the area of the electrode that had to be modified was delimitated by inkjet wax printing using a Color Qube 8570 XEROX printer. As can be observed in Figure S2, after printed wax on paper, it was heated at 120 C for 1 min to allow the wax penetrate into the paper pores and avoid the liquids flow through the electrical contacts. Images obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are presented in Figure S3, where is possible to observe the paper fibers surrounded for AgNP. S-3
4 Figure S2. Schematic representation of wax printing step using Whatman #1 paper as substrate. Figure S3. Images from SEM of the AgNP ink inkjet printed on paper (4 layers), with different maximizations. Fabrication of pre on PET and paper with bleach The Ag/AgCl formation was carried out by immersing the silver electrodes in a reservoir containing 40 mg ml -1 bleach solution for a short time, as was explained before. For each substrate used, different times were necessary to obtain a good and stable pseudo-reference electrode due to its different porosities. S-4
5 As was also mentioned on the main text, after a few seconds of immersing in bleach solution (2 or 3 s) it was possible to observe the color change due to the formation of AgCl layer in both substrates. However, when PET was used as substrate, 60 s was necessary to obtain a p-re that could be stable for at least 10 minutes of measurement (Figure S4). When reaction time was increased to 300 s (5 min) the electrode becomes even more stable, keeping the potential for at least 30 min (Figura S4). This improvement in the electrode stability could be explained by the formation of a thicker layer of AgCl, which protects the silver layer at the Ag/AgCl electrode, preventing further diffusion of chlorine ion and variations of potential. On the other hand, after 600 s (10 min) of reaction, the electrode loses all the conductivity and leach, thus destroying the p-re. (a) (b) After 10 min Figure S4. (a) Chronopotentiometry analysis of the p-re inkjet printed on PET followed by chlorination with bleach solution (1 and 5 min) against a commercial Ag/AgCl 3.0 mol L -1. (b) A picture of the p-re after 10 minutes of reaction with bleach. The time of immersing in bleach solution was also optimized for the p-re printed on paper. Due to its high porosity and consequently high surface area, less time of reaction was necessary to obtain a stable p-re, as can be observed in Figure S5. S-5
6 Figure S5. Chronopotentiometry analysis of the p-re inkjet printed on paper followed by chlorination with bleach solution (60 and 30 s) against a commercial Ag/AgCl 3.0 mol L -1. Inside: A picture of the paper-based Ag/AgCl p-re after the chemical treatment with bleach. After 60 s of immersing in bleach solution, the p-re inkjet printed on paper shown a small lack of stability after the first minutes of measurement. This lack of stability can be attributed to the decrease of the silver layer in the electrode with high surface area, which may difficult the charge transfer and conceal its properties as electrode. However, when 30 s was used as the time of reaction with bleach, this problem was solved and the electrode becomes stable during all the measurement, 30 min (Figure S5). Considering a complete electrochemical cell inkjet printed on a substrate, the poison of the other electrodes by the addition of bleach solution can be avoided by isolating the bleaching step. This step can be isolated by different ways. For example by using paper as substrate, we can print first the reference electrode modify it, and fold the paper with the other electrodes to make contact with the modified RE; or we can modify the reference electrode before printing the WE. Another way, normally applied in hydrophobic and non-porous substrates, is depositing a drop of bleach solution just on top of the RE. S-6
7 Morphological characterization of the paper-based p-re To confirm that the chemical treatment used in the AgNP film inkjet printed on paper generate the same results as on the PET, a morphological characterization with SEM and EDX analysis were carried out and the results are presented in Figure S6. As can be observed in Figure S6a, after the chemical treatment with bleach the nanoparticles have become bigger than without the treatment (Figure S3), as demonstrated when PET was used as substrate. To confirm the formation of AgCl layer, an EDX analysis was carried out and similar results as using the PET as substrate were observed (Figure S6b), indicating that this treatment can be also performed successfully in microfluidic paper platforms to obtain an Ag/AgCl p-re. (b) S2. Morfological (paper electrode) 2 µm (a) Figure S6. (a) SEM images obtained from the Ag/AgCl electrode inkjet printed on paper and (b) the EDX analysis, before and after the chemical chlorination. Electrochemical Formation of AgCl layer To compare the pseudo-reference electrodes obtained in this work with the conventional obtained using the electrochemical procedure, the inkjet-printed AgNP films were also electrochemically treated to produce AgCl layer. For the electrochemical formation of AgCl, a chronoamperometry was carried out in a 0.5 mol S-7
8 L -1 NaCl solution and applying 0.5V. In this experiment the inkjet-printed silver electrode was used as WE and a platinum wire was used as CE-RE in a two electrodes system. The potential was applied during different times and the results are presented in Figure S7. Figure S7. Electrochemical formation of AgCl layer on top of the silver electrode (inkjet-printed on PET) by chronoamperometry in 0.5 mol L -1 NaCl solution, and applying 0.5V vs Pt wire electrode for different times of applied potential. As can be observed in Figure S7, the curves showed the same behavior when different reaction times were used. The current measured for all the electrodes tested become stable after 30 seconds of electrochemical reaction, and this time of reaction was used as standard to compare the results with the p-re proposed in this work. Before evaluate the performance of the p-re prepared electrochemically, a morphological characterization with SEM and EDX analysis were carried out and the results are presented in Figure S8. S-8
9 As it was expected, after the electrochemical treatment the nanoparticles have become bigger than without the treatment (Figure S8a), as observed when bleach was used (Figure 2). To confirm the formation of AgCl layer also with this conventional method, an EDX analysis was carried out and similar results were observed, with the appearance of a signal related to the presence of Cl when the treatment was performed (Figure S8b). These results confirm that the conventional electrochemical treatment can produce the same results as the low cost and simple method proposed in this work. (b) 2 µm (a) Figure S8. (a) SEM images obtained from the Ag/AgCl electrode inkjet printed on PET and (b) the EDX analysis, before and after the electrochemical treatment. The electrochemical behavior of the p-re treated electrochemically was demonstrated by chronoamperometry in 3.0 mol L -1 KCl solution against a commercial Ag/AgCl reference electrode and the result was compared with the p-re proposed in this work (obtained by chemical chlorination in bleach), with the SPE and also with the silver electrode. The results are presented in Figure S9. S-9
10 Figure S9. Chronopotentiometric analysis comparing the behavior of the silver electrode inkjet printed on PET and the Ag/AgCl p-re produced chemical and electrochemically, besides the SPRE used as standard, against a commercial Ag/AgCl 3.0 mol L -1. Inside: A magnified view of the graphic, highlighting the stabilization of the potential for the chemically and electrochemically prepared p-re. The silver electrode showed no stability against a commercial Ag/AgCl reference electrode as expected. However, after the electrochemical treatment for the formation of an AgCl layer, the p-re demonstrated a great stability with the E approximately V (Figure S9). As can be observed in Figure S9, the p-res prepared electrochemically, chemically (with bleach) and the SPRE showed similar results with great potential stability and with E almost zero, which indicated that the p-re obtained with the proposed method as well as the electrode obtained electrochemically are reliable and can be used as reference for the most different point-of-care devices. In Figure S9inside is also possible to observe that the electrodes produced using both methods are stable since the beginning, with no need to conditioning time, which is very attractive for point-of-care rapid diagnostics. S-10
11 Inkjet printing resolution The size of the electrodes used for this work was about 500 µm width and 4 mm length (the Ag/AgCl part); 500 µm width and 20 mm length with a contact pad of 15 mm 2 (silver part). However, smaller reference electrodes can be produced using this technique only by changing ink properties, such as viscosity and concentration, and modifying substrate surface, considering the interaction between both. The size limit depends also on the printer resolution and the drop space used to print the pattern. For PET substrate, for example, and using a silver ink (AgNPs 20%wt, in ethylene glycol), it was possible to print electrodes of 100 µm width with an interspace of 100 µm as can be observed in Figure S10. Figure S10. Silver electrodes inkjet printed on PET. S-11
Supporting Information for: Inkjet Printing of High Conductivity, Flexible Graphene Patterns
Supporting Information for: Inkjet Printing of High Conductivity, Flexible Graphene Patterns Ethan B. Secor, Pradyumna L. Prabhumirashi, Kanan Puntambekar, Michael L. Geier, and,,, * Mark C. Hersam Department
More informationLeveraging Commercial Silver Inks as Oxidation Reduction Reaction Catalysts in Alkaline Medium
Supporting Information Leveraging Commercial Silver Inks as Oxidation Reduction Reaction Catalysts in Alkaline Medium Shlomi Polani, Naftali Kanovsky and David Zitoun, *, Bar Ilan University, Department
More informationChapter 2. Materials and Methods
Chapter 2 Materials and Methods 2. Materials and Methods This chapter describes the chemicals, reagents and instruments used for carrying out this study. A brief discussion of the methods used for the
More informationInkjet-Printed Graphene for Flexible Micro-Supercapacitors L.T. Le 1, M.H. Ervin 2, H. Qiu 1, B.E. Fuchs 3, J. Zunino 3, and W.Y. Lee 1 1 Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Dynamic Interaction between Methylammonium Lead Iodide and TiO 2 Nanocrystals Leads to Enhanced Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution from HI Splitting Xiaomei Wang,, Hong Wang,, Hefeng Zhang,,
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Information Doping of dielectric layer as a new alternative for increasing sensitivity of the contactless conductivity detection in microchips Renato Sousa Lima, a,b Thiago Pinotti
More informationChemically-Resolved Transient Collision Events of Single Electrocatalytic Nanoparticles. Zhihui Guo, Stephen J. Percival, and Bo Zhang*
Supporting Information for Chemically-Resolved Transient Collision Events of Single Electrocatalytic Nanoparticles Zhihui Guo, Stephen J. Percival, and Bo Zhang* Department of Chemistry, University of
More informationDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853
Supporting Information Synthesis of Structurally Ordered Pt 3 Ti and Pt 3 V Nanoparticles as Methanol Oxidation Catalysts Zhiming Cui, # Hao Chen, # Mengtian Zhao, Daniel Marshall, Yingchao Yu, Héctor
More informationNitroxide polymer networks formed by Michael addition: on site-cured electrode-active organic coating
Supporting information for: Nitroxide polymer networks formed by Michael addition: on site-cured electrode-active organic coating Takeshi Ibe, a Rainer B. Frings, b Artur Lachowicz, b Soichi Kyo, a and
More informationInkjet Printed Reaction Arrays on Pigment Coated Substrates
Inkjet Printed Reaction Arrays on Pigment Coated Substrates 42 nd iarigai research conference, Helsinki, 07.09.2015 Risto Koivunen 1, Eveliina Jutila 1, Roger Bollström 2, Patrick Gane 1,2 1 Aalto University,
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Low Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of Zirconium Oxide for Inkjet Printed Transistor Applications
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Low Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of Zirconium Oxide for Inkjet
More informationElectrolessly deposited electrospun metal nanowire transparent
SUPPORTING INFORMATION FOR Electrolessly deposited electrospun metal nanowire transparent electrodes Po-Chun Hsu 1, Desheng Kong 1, Shuang Wang 2, Haotian Wang 3, Alex J. Welch 1, Hui Wu 1,, Yi Cui 1,4,*
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Electrochemical Synthesis of Ammonia from N 2 and H 2 O under Ambient Conditions Using Pore-Size Controlled Hollow Gold Nanocatalysts with Tunable Plasmonic Properties Mohammadreza
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Visible Light-Driven BiOI-Based Janus Micromotors in Pure Water Renfeng Dong, a Yan Hu, b Yefei Wu, b Wei Gao, c Biye Ren, b* Qinglong Wang, a Yuepeng Cai a* a School of Chemistry
More informationInkjet Printed Highly Transparent and Flexible Graphene Micro- Supercapacitors
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Inkjet Printed Highly Transparent and Flexible Graphene Micro- Supercapacitors Szymon Sollami
More informationELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Corrosion of Self-Propelled Catalytic Microengines Guanjia Zhao a, Bahareh Khezri a, Samuel Sanchez b, Oliver G. Schmidt b, Richard D. Webster a, Martin Pumera a * Experimental Section Materials The cyclopore
More informationSecondary Ag/AgCl Pseudo-Reference Electrode on Silicon Substrate
Secondary Ag/AgCl Pseudo-Reference Electrode on Silicon Substrate F. L. Almeida a, M. B. A. Fontes b, C. Jimenez c and I. Burdallo c a Laboratório de Sistema Integráveis LSI, University of São Paulo, São
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supporting Information Single-crystalline Pd square nanoplates enclosed by {100}
More informationSupporting Information for
Supporting Information for Electrodeposition of Isolated Platinum Atoms and Clusters on Bismuth Characterization and Electrocatalysis Min Zhou, Jeffrey E. Dick, and Allen J. Bard Center for Electrochemistry,
More informationSupplementary Information
Supplementary Information Size-dependent direct electrochemical detection of gold nanoparticles: application in magnetoimmunoassays Alfredo de la Escosura Muñiz a, Claudio Parolo a, Flavio Maran b and
More informationA Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) Variation-Tolerant Nanosensor
Supporting Information A Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) Variation-Tolerant Nanosensor Dong-Il Moon 1,2, Beomseok Kim 1,2, Ricardo Peterson 3, Kazimieras Badokas 1,4, Myeong-Lok Seol 1,2, Debbie G.
More informationPreparation of Prussian blue-modified screen-printed electrodes via a chemical deposition for mass production of stable hydrogen peroxide sensors
Procedure 7 Preparation of Prussian blue-modified screen-printed electrodes via a chemical deposition for mass production of stable hydrogen peroxide sensors Francesco Ricci, Danila Moscone and Giuseppe
More informationPaper electronics platform
High volume printing of devices and sensors on paper Roger Bollström Functional Printing Laboratory Center for Functional Materials Åbo Akademi University Paper electronics platform Novel device concepts
More informationSupplementary Information. Atomic Layer Deposition of Platinum Catalysts on Nanowire Surfaces for Photoelectrochemical Water Reduction
Supplementary Information Atomic Layer Deposition of Platinum Catalysts on Nanowire Surfaces for Photoelectrochemical Water Reduction Neil P. Dasgupta 1 ǂ, Chong Liu 1,2 ǂ, Sean Andrews 1,2, Fritz B. Prinz
More informationElectrocatalysis by Subcellular Liver Fractions Bound to Carbon Nanostructures for Stereoselective Green Drug Metabolite Synthesis
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting Information Electrocatalysis by Subcellular Liver Fractions Bound to Carbon Nanostructures
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal Name Chemicals Electronic Supplementary Information Two kinds of commercial anion exchange
More informationFabrication and characterization of poly (ethylene oxide) templated nickel oxide nanofibers for dye degradation
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Environmental Science: Nano. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supplementary Information Fabrication and characterization of poly (ethylene
More informationNanomaterials and Chemistry Key Laboratory, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, (P. R. China).
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Nanoscale Synergistically enhanced activity of graphene quantum dot/multi-walled carbon nanotube composites as metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
More informationPt-Cu Hierarchical Quasi Great Dodecahedrons with Abundant
Electronic Supplementary Material Material (ESI) for (ESI) Chemical for ChemComm. Science. This journal is is The The Royal Royal Society Society of Chemistry of Chemistry 2017 2017 Supporting Information
More informationElectronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Dalton Transactions This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry Supplementary Information
Supplementary Information 1 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole-manganese oxide hybrid as a promising structural model for Tyrosine 161/Histidine 190-manganese cluster in Photosystem II Mohammad Mahdi
More informationFacile and Gram-scale Synthesis of Metal-free Catalysts: Toward Realistic Applications for Fuel Cells
Supplementary Information Facile and Gram-scale Synthesis of Metal-free Catalysts: Toward Realistic Applications for Fuel Cells Ok-Hee Kim 1, Yong-Hun Cho 2, Dong Young Chung 3,4, Minjeong Kim 3,4, Ji
More informationGoals. The laboratory instructor has already purged the solutions of dissolved. Purging the from these solutions prevents spurious
Goals 41 Cyclic Voltammetry XXGoals The goals of this experiment are to: Learn how to set up a screen-printed electrode Learn how to operate the Gamry potentiostat Determine the redox potential of potassium
More informationSolution-processable graphene nanomeshes with controlled
Supporting online materials for Solution-processable graphene nanomeshes with controlled pore structures Xiluan Wang, 1 Liying Jiao, 1 Kaixuan Sheng, 1 Chun Li, 1 Liming Dai 2, * & Gaoquan Shi 1, * 1 Department
More informationSieving Behaviour of Nanoscopic Pores by. Hydrated Ions
Sieving Behaviour of Nanoscopic Pores by Hydrated Ions Joohan Lee a and Juhyoun Kwak* a Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu,
More informationSupplementary Information. Seeding Approach to Noble Metal Decorated Conducting Polymer Nanofiber Network
Supplementary Information Seeding Approach to Noble Metal Decorated Conducting Polymer Nanofiber Network Zhen Liu, Selcuk Poyraz, Yang Liu, Xinyu Zhang* Department of Polymer and Fiber Engineering, Auburn
More informationVisible-light Driven Plasmonic Photocatalyst Helical Chiral TiO 2 Nanofibers
Visible-light Driven Plasmonic Photocatalyst Ag/AgCl @ Helical Chiral TiO 2 Nanofibers Dawei Wang, Yi Li*, Gianluca Li Puma, Chao Wang, Peifang Wang, Wenlong Zhang, and Qing Wang Fig. S1. The reactor of
More informationEffect of Chloride Anions on the Synthesis and. Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Silver Nanocoral
Supporting Information Effect of Chloride Anions on the Synthesis and Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Silver Nanocoral Electrodes for CO 2 Electroreduction Polyansky* Yu-Chi Hsieh, Sanjaya D. Senanayake,
More informationSolution Purging. Goals. 1. Purge both solutions with an inert gas (preferably N 2
Goals 43 Cyclic Voltammetry XXGoals The goals of this experiment are to: Learn how to set up a screen-printed electrode Learn how to operate the Gamry potentiostat Determine the redox potential of potassium
More informationDr. Aoife Morrin. School of Chemical Sciences Dublin City University Ireland. The National Centre for Sensor Research
INVESTIGATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS FOR NOVEL BIOSENSOR FABRICATION METHODOLOGIES Dr. Aoife Morrin National Centre for Sensor Research School of Chemical Sciences Dublin City University Ireland Introduction
More informationSupporting Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Sustainable Energy & Fuels. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supporting Information Poly(ionic liquid) Binders as Ion conductors and Polymer
More informationMATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PLANAR REFERENCE ELECTRODES OF THICK-FILM ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS
MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PLANAR REFERENCE ELECTRODES OF THICK-FILM ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS Jan Prasek, Martin Adamek, Jan Krivka Dept. of Microelectronics, Brno University of Technology, Udolni 53,
More information3R Phase of MoS 2 and WS 2 Outperforms Corresponding 2H Phase for Hydrogen Evolution
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 3R Phase of MoS 2 and WS 2 Outperforms Corresponding 2H Phase for Hydrogen Evolution Rou Jun Toh,
More informationTunable nitrogen-doped carbon aerogels as sustainable electrocatalysts in the oxygen. reduction reaction Electronic Supplementary information (ESI)
Tunable nitrogen-doped carbon aerogels as sustainable electrocatalysts in the oxygen reduction reaction Electronic Supplementary information (ESI) Stephanie-Angelika Wohlgemuth,* a Tim-Patrick Fellinger
More informationREADING A. INTRODUCTION CHE425L POTENTIOMETRY WITH K + ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE. Skoog, Holler and Crouch: Chapter 23 and Appendix 3.
CHE425L POTENTIOMETRY WITH K + ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE READING Skoog, Holler and Crouch: Chapter 23 and Appendix 3. A. INTRODUCTION Potentiometry is a static electroanalytical method in which the potential
More informationBased Gas Diffusion Electrodes
SUPPORTING INFORMATION FOR: High Rate Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Monoxide to Ethylene Using Cu-Nanoparticle- Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes Lihao Han, 1,2 Wu Zhou, 1,2 and Chengxiang Xiang* 1,2
More informationFormic acid electro-synthesis from carbon dioxide in a room temperature ionic liquid
Supporting Information: Formic acid electro-synthesis from carbon dioxide in a room temperature ionic liquid Benjamin C. M. Martindale and Richard G. Compton a * Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical
More informationA stable inkjet ink containing ZnS:Mn nanoparticles as pigment
A stable inkjet ink containing ZnS:Mn nanoparticles as pigment Peter D. Angelo & Ramin R. Farnood University of Toronto Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry Thursday, June 25 th, 2009,
More informationIn a typical routine, the pristine CNT (purchased from Bill Nanotechnology, Inc.) were
Supplementary Information Pd induced Pt(Ⅳ) reduction to form Pd@Pt/CNT core-shell catalyst for a more complete oxygen reduction Preparation of SH- functionalized CNT In a typical routine, the pristine
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Sodium and Lithium Storage Properties of Spray-Dried Molybdenum Disulfide-Graphene Hierarchical Microspheres Sujith Kalluri, a,b, Kuok Hau Seng, a, Zaiping Guo, a,b* Aijun Du, c
More informationA Robust and Highly Active Copper-Based Electrocatalyst. for Hydrogen Production at Low Overpotential in Neutral
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting information A Robust and Highly Active Copper-Based Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Production
More informationSupporting Information. Electropolymerization of aniline on nickel-based electrocatalysts substantially
Supporting Information Electropolymerization of aniline on nickel-based electrocatalysts substantially enhances their performance for hydrogen evolution Fuzhan Song, Wei Li, Guanqun Han, and Yujie Sun*
More informationAchieving High Electrocatalytic Efficiency on Copper: A Low-Cost Alternative to Platinum for Hydrogen Generation in Water
Supporting Information Achieving High Electrocatalytic Efficiency on Copper: A Low-Cost Alternative to Platinum for Hydrogen Generation in Water Jian Zhao, a,b,c,d Phong D. Tran,* a,c Yang Chen, a,c Joachim
More informationSupplementary Information for
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. This journal is the Owner Societies 014 Supplementary Information for High Resolution Mapping of Oxygen Reduction Reaction
More informationSupporting Information. Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide on Nitrogen-Doped Carbons: Insights from Isotopic Labeling Studies
Supporting Information Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide on Nitrogen-Doped Carbons: Insights from Isotopic Labeling Studies Dorottya Hursán 1,2 and Csaba Janáky 1,2* 1 Department of Physical
More informationOccurrence and spatial distribution of microplastics in river shore sediments of the Rhine-Main area in Germany
SUPPORTING INFORMATION Occurrence and spatial distribution of microplastics in river shore sediments of the Rhine-Main area in Germany Authors Sascha Klein,, Eckhard Worch, Thomas P. Knepper*, Department
More informationElectrogenerated Upconverted Emission from Doped Organic Nanowires
Electrogenerated Upconverted Emission from Doped Organic Nanowires Qing Li, Chuang Zhang, Jian Yao Zheng, Yong Sheng Zhao*, Jiannian Yao* Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) 1 Experimental details
More informationSupplementary Figure 1 a-c, The viscosity fitting curves of high-molecular-weight poly(vinyl alcohol) (HMW-PVA) (a), middle-molecular-weight
Supplementary Figure 1 a-c, The viscosity fitting curves of high-molecular-weight poly(vinyl alcohol) (HMW-PVA) (a), middle-molecular-weight poly(vinyl alcohol) (MMW-PVA) (b) and low-molecular-weight poly(vinyl
More informationSupplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Dalton Transactions. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supplementary Information The electrochemical discrimination of pinene enantiomers by
More informationSupporting Information:
Supporting Information: High Efficiency Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogen Generation Enabled by Palladium Quantum Dots Sensitized TiO 2 Nanotube Arrays Meidan Ye, Jiaojiao Gong, Yuekun Lai, Changjian Lin,*,
More informationREFRACTORY METAL OXIDES: FABRICATION OF NANOSTRUCTURES, PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS
REFRACTORY METAL OXIDES: FABRICATION OF NANOSTRUCTURES, PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS S.K. Lazarouk, D.A. Sasinovich BELARUSIAN STATE UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATICS AND RADIOELECTRONICS Outline: -- experimental
More informationElectrical functionality of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle conductive tracks on nanostructured paper compared with those on plastic substrates
Electrical functionality of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle conductive tracks on nanostructured paper compared with those on plastic substrates Thi Thi Nge, a Masaya Nogi* a and Katsuaki Suganuma a
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information: Synthesis and Characterization of Photoelectrochemical and Photovoltaic Cu2BaSnS4 Thin Films and Solar Cells
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry C. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Electronic Supplementary Information: Synthesis and Characterization of
More informationHomogeneous Electrochemical Assay for Protein Kinase Activity
Homogeneous Electrochemical Assay for Protein Kinase Activity Ik-Soo Shin,,, Rohit Chand, Sang Wook Lee, Hyun-Woo Rhee, Yong-Sang Kim, * and Jong-In Hong* Corresponding Author *Prof. Dr. J.-I. Hong, Department
More informationEVALUATION OF Ag/AgCl SENSORS FOR IN-SITU MONITORING OF FREE CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION IN REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
EVALUATION OF Ag/AgCl SENSORS FOR IN-SITU MONITORING OF FREE CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION IN REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES Farhad Pargar, Dessi Koleva, Oguzhan Copuroglu, Eduard Koenders, Klaas vab Breugel
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Electronic Supplementary Information Composite Free-Standing Films of Polydopamine/Polyethyleneimine
More informationSpectroelectrochemistry Part 2: Experiments and Data evaluation
Spectroelectrochemistry Part 2: Experiments and Data evaluation Purpose of This Note This application note is part 2 of a series of notes introducing Gamry s spectroelectrochemistry system. Part 1 discusses
More informationDepartment of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191
High Stability, High Activity Pt/ITO Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts Ying Liu and William E. Mustain* Department of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium
More information3D Boron doped Carbon Nanorods/Carbon-Microfiber Hybrid Composites: Synthesis and Applications as Highly Stable Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Electronic Supplementary Information for Journal of Materials Chemistry 3D Boron doped Carbon Nanorods/Carbon-Microfiber Hybrid Composites: Synthesis and Applications as Highly Stable Proton Exchange Membrane
More informationSupporting information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Supporting information Synthesis, Characterization and Photoelectrochemical properties of HAP Gang
More informationDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
Supporting Information for Capture and Reductive Transformation of Halogenated Pesticides by an Activated Carbon-Based Electrolysis System for Treatment of Runoff Yuanqing Li 1 and William A. Mitch 1,
More informationSupplementary Information
Supplementary Information Direct Synthesis of a Macroscopic Array of Naked Ag Nanoparticles Omar Ayyad,* a,b,c David Muñoz-Rojas, a Pedro Gómez-Romero* a,c Experimental details Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP40T-500G,
More informationGRAPHENE EFFECT ON EFFICIENCY OF TiO 2 -BASED DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS (DSSC)
Communications in Physics, Vol. 26, No. 1 (2016), pp. 43-49 DOI:10.15625/0868-3166/26/1/7961 GRAPHENE EFFECT ON EFFICIENCY OF TiO 2 -BASED DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS (DSSC) NGUYEN THAI HA, PHAM DUY LONG,
More informationPT/NI COUNTER-ELECTRODES WITH IMPROVED STABILITY FOR DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS
PT/NI COUNTER-ELECTRODES WITH IMPROVED STABILITY FOR DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS G. Syrrokostas, G. Leftheriotis and P. Yianoulis Energy and Environment Lab, Physics Department, University of Patras, Rion,
More informationElectronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011
Supplementary Information for Selective adsorption toward toxic metal ions results in selective response: electrochemical studies on polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite Experimental Section
More informationLithium-ion Batteries Based on Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanotubes and Ionic Liquid
Electronic Supplementary Information Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Vertically-Aligned Carbon Nanotubes and Ionic Liquid Electrolytes Wen Lu, * Adam Goering, Liangti Qu, and Liming Dai * 1. Synthesis of
More informationAn extraordinarily stable catalyst: Pt NPs supported on two-dimensional Ti 3 C 2 X 2 (X=OH, F) nanosheets for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
An extraordinarily stable catalyst: Pt NPs supported on two-dimensional Ti 3 X 2 (X=OH, F) nanosheets for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Xiaohong Xie, Siguo Chen*, Wei Ding, Yao Nie, and Zidong Wei* Experimental
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 214 Electronic Supplementary Information Ultrathin and High-Ordered CoO Nanosheet
More informationResearch to Improve Photovoltaic (PV) Cell Efficiency by Hybrid Combination of PV and Thermoelectric Cell Elements.
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA Research to Improve Photovoltaic (PV) Cell Efficiency by Hybrid Combination of PV and Thermoelectric Cell Elements. Page 129 PI: Nicoleta Sorloaica-Hickman, Robert Reedy Students:
More informationSupporting information. stereocomplex films. Kenta Kondo, Toshiyuki Kida, Yuji Ogawa, Yuuya Arikawa and Mitsuru Akashi*
Supporting information Nanotube formation through the continuous one-dimensional fusion of hollow nanocapsules composed of layer-by-layer poly(lactic acd)s stereocomplex films Kenta Kondo, Toshiyuki Kida,
More informationPrinting Upconverting Nanoparticles using a Piezoelectric Inkjet Printer. Prepared by: Shawn Ray McCarther
Printing Upconverting Nanoparticles using a Piezoelectric Inkjet Printer Prepared by: Shawn Ray McCarther Faculty Advisors: Dr. Jon Kellar Dr. Grant Crawford Dr. William Cross Dr. Alfred Boysen Professor,
More informationSupplementary Information for: Integration of Paper-based Microfluidic Devices with Commercial. Electrochemical Readers
Supplementary Information for: Integration of Paper-based Microfluidic Devices with Commercial Electrochemical Readers Zhihong Nie, Frédérique Deiss, Xinyu Liu, Ozge Akbulut, and George M. Whitesides*
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Characterization of the effectiveness of ion transport in CNT aerogel sheets. (a)
Supplementary Figures Supplementary Figure 1. Characterization of the effectiveness of ion transport in CNT aerogel sheets. (a) Schematic drawing of experimental setup for measuring mass transfer coefficient.
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information
Electronic Supplementary Information Uniform and Rich Wrinkled Electrophoretic Deposited Graphene Film: A Robust Electrochemical Platform for TNT Sensing Longhua Tang, Hongbin Feng, Jinsheng Cheng and
More informationCarbon nanotubes and conducting polymer composites
University of Wollongong Thesis Collections University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Year 4 Carbon nanotubes and conducting polymer composites May Tahhan University of Wollongong
More informationAqueous-Processed, High-Capacity Electrodes
S1 Aqueous-Processed, High-Capacity Electrodes for Membrane Capacitive Deionization Amit Jain 1,2, Jun Kim 2,3, Oluwaseye M Owoseni 2,5, Cierra Weathers 1,2, Daniel Caña 1,2, Kuichang Zuo 2,3, W. Shane
More informationSunlight-Assisted, Biocatalytic Formate Synthesis from CO 2 and Water Using Silicon-Based Photoelectrochemical Cell
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 Electronic Supplementary Information Sunlight-Assisted, Biocatalytic Formate Synthesis
More informationNitrogen and sulfur co-doped porous carbon derived from human hair as. highly efficient metal-free electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic Supplementary Information Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped porous
More informationMobility and Reactivity of Oxygen Adspecies on Platinum Surface
Mobility and Reactivity of Oxygen Adspecies on Platinum Surface Wei Wang, Jie Zhang, Fangfang Wang, Bing-Wei Mao, Dongping Zhan*, Zhong-Qun Tian State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces,
More informationElectronic Supplementary Information. Enhanced Photocatalytic/photoelectrocatalytic Activities
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for CrystEngComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Electronic Supplementary Information Electrospun BiVO 4 Nanobelts with Tailored Structures
More informationScientific report 2016 January September. Designing composite nanoarchitectures for hydrogen production and environmental depollution
Scientific report 2016 January September Designing composite nanoarchitectures for hydrogen production and environmental depollution Synthesis of the spherical Pt nanoparticles We have chosen to synthesize
More informationSupplementary Information. All Nanocellulose Nonvolatile Resistive Memory
Supplementary Information All Nanocellulose Nonvolatile Resistive Memory Umberto Celano, Kazuki Nagashima, Hirotaka Koga, Masaya Nogi, Fuwei Zhuge, Gang Meng, Yong He, Jo De Boeck, Malgorzata Jurczak,
More informationA doping of phosphorus and/or sulfur into nitrogen-doped carbon for efficient oxygen reduction reaction in acid media
Supporting Information A doping of phosphorus and/or sulfur into nitrogen-doped carbon for efficient oxygen reduction reaction in acid media Chang Hyuck Choi, a Min Wook Chung, b Sung Hyeon Park, a and
More informationCHEM N-12 November In the electrolytic production of Al, what mass of Al can be deposited in 2.00 hours by a current of 1.8 A?
CHEM161 014-N-1 November 014 In the electrolytic production of Al, what mass of Al can be deposited in.00 hours by a current of 1.8 A? What products would you expect at the anode and the cathode on electrolysis
More informationHighly efficient hydrogen evolution of platinum via tuning the interfacial dissolved-gas concentration
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supporting Information for Highly efficient hydrogen evolution of platinum via tuning
More informationEpinephrine Electro-oxidation Highlights Fast Electrochemistry at the Graphite Basal Surface
Electronic Supplementary Information Epinephrine Electro-oxidation Highlights Fast Electrochemistry at the Graphite Basal Surface Anisha N. Patel, Sze-yin Tan and Patrick R. Unwin* Department of Chemistry,
More informationPrecious Metal-free Electrode Catalyst for Methanol Oxidations
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting information SnO 2 Nanocrystals Decorated-Mesoporous ZSM-5 Spheroidicity
More information4. CV curve of GQD on platinum electrode S9
Supporting Information Luminscent Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) for Organic Photovoltaic Devices Vinay Gupta*, Neeraj Chaudhary, Ritu Srivastava, Gauri Dutt Sharma, Ramil Bhardwaj, Suresh Chand National
More informationMetallic MoN Ultrathin Nanosheets Boosting High Performance Photocatalytic H2 Production
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is Metallic MoN Ultrathin Nanosheets Boosting High Performance Photocatalytic H2 Production Jingrun Ran, a Hailong
More informationCarbon nanotube coated snowman-like particles and their electro-responsive characteristics. Ke Zhang, Ying Dan Liu and Hyoung Jin Choi
Supporting Information: Carbon nanotube coated snowman-like particles and their electro-responsive characteristics Ke Zhang, Ying Dan Liu and Hyoung Jin Choi Experimental Section 1.1 Materials The MWNT
More informationPrinting nanotube-based p-type thin film transistors with high current density
Printing nanotube-based p-type thin film transistors with high current density Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), with their outstanding mechanical and electrical properties, offer a solution to coat
More information