Electronic Supplementary Information for. An odorless thia-michael addition using bunte salts as thiol. surrogates

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1 Electronic upplementary Material (EI) for RC Advances. This journal is The Royal ociety of Chemistry 2015 Electronic upplementary Information for An odorless thia-michael addition using bunte salts as thiol surrogates Ya-mei Lin, Guo-ping Lu *, Chun Cai, Wen-bin Yi Chemical Engineering College, Nanjing University of cience & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu , P. R. China * Corresponding Author glu@njust.edu.cn 1. Experimental 2 2. Characterization Data 3 3. NMR pectra of All Products 8 1

2 1 Experimental 1.1 General All chemical reagents are obtained from commercial suppliers and used without further purification. All known compounds are identified by appropriate technique such as M, 1 H NMR, and compared with previously reported data. All unknown compounds are characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, M and elemental analyses. Analytical thin-layer chromatography are performed on glass plates precoated with silica gel impregnated with a fluorescent indicator (254 nm), and the plates are visualized by exposure to ultraviolet light. Mass spectra are taken on a Finnigan TQ Quantum-M instrument in the electrospray ionization (EI) mode. 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra are recorded on an AVANCE 500 Bruker spectrometer operating at 500 MHz and 125 MHz in CDCl 3, respectively, and chemical shifts are reported in ppm. Elemental analyses are performed on a Yanagimoto MT3CHN recorder. GC analyses are performed on an Agilent 7890A instrument (Column: Agilent 19091J-413: 30 m 320 μm 0.25 μm, carrier gas: H 2, FID detection. GC/M data was recorded on a 5975C Mass elective Detector, coupled with a 7890A Gas Chromatograph (Agilent Technologies). 1.2 Experimental Procedure General procedures for the synthesis of bunte salts 10 : A flask was charged with organic halides (50 mmol), sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (60 mmol), water (10.0 ml) and MeH (50 ml). The reaction mixture is stirred and heated to 65 o C. After 16 h at 65 o C, the reaction mixture is cooled to rt, and then concentrated on a rotovap at a bath temperature of 60 o C to remove the MeH and water. The resultant solid is treated with MeH (100 ml), heated to 50 o C (most solid dissolves), and filtered to remove excess sodium thiosulfate and sodium bromide. The filtrate is concentrated to a white solid, following trituration of this solid with hexanes, filtration, and drying under vacuum at 50 o C to afford the corresponding bunte salts. General procedures for thia-michael additions with bunte salts and α,βunsaturated ketones: A mixture of bunte salts mmol, α,β-unsaturated ketones mmol, TsH 0.10 mmol in MeH (1.0 ml) is stirred at 80 o C for 6 h. Upon completion, the reaction mixture is diluted with EtAc (4.0 ml), filtered through a bed of silica gel layered over Celite, The volatiles are removed in vacuo to afford the crude product. Further column chromatography on silica gel affords the pure desired product 3. General procedures for thia-michael additions via a one-pot process from benzyl chloride, Na and α,β-unsaturated ketones: A mixture of benzyl chloride 1.5 mmol and Na mmol in MeH (1.0 ml) is stirred at 80 o C for 2 h. Then, α,βunsaturated ketones 0.50 mmol and TsH 0.10 mmol are added to the mixture. The reaction proceeds at the same temperature for additionally 6 h. Upon completion, the 2

3 reaction mixture is diluted with EtAc (4.0 ml), filtered through a bed of silica gel layered over Celite, The volatiles are removed in vacuo to afford the crude product. Further column chromatography on silica gel affords the pure desired product. 2. Characterization Data Mass: (Benzylthio)-1,3-diphenylpropan-1-one 3a. 1 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (m, 4H), (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), (m, 8H), (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 4H), (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 36.0 (1C, CH 2 ), 44.3 (1C, CH), 45.4 (1C, CH 2 C=), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (4C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (4C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Mass: (Benzylthio)-4-phenylbutan-2-one 3b. 1 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 1.95 (s, 3H), (m, 2H), 3.39 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), 3.47 (d, J =13.5 Hz, 1H), (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), (m, 10H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 30.1 (1C, CH 3 ), 35.9 (1C, CH 2 ), 44.0 (1C, CH), 50.1 (1C, CH 2 C=), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Mass: (Benzylthio)-4-(thiophen-2-yl)butan-2-one 3c. 2 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 2.05 (s, 3H), (m, 2H), (m, 2H), (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), (m, 2H), (m, 6H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 30.6 (1C, CH 3 ), 36.1 (1C, CH 2 ), 39.3 (1C, CH), 50.9 (1C, CH 2 C=), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Et Mass: Ethyl 3-(benzylthio)propanoate 3d. 3 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H), 3

4 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 3.74 (s, 2H), (q, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), (m, 5H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 14.3 (1C, CH 3 ), 26.4 (1C, CH 2 ), 34.6 (1C, CH 2 C=), 36.4 (1C, Ph-CH 2 ), 60.7 (1C, =CCH 2 -Me), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar- C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. N Mass: (Benzylthio)-N,N-dimethylpropanamide 3e. 4 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.91 (s, 3H), 2.92 (s, 3H), 3.74 (s, 2H), (m, 5H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 27.1 (1C, CH 2 ), 33.7 (1C, CH 2 C=), 35.5 (1C, Ph-CH 2 ), 37.0 (1C, NCH 3 ), 37.2 (1C, NCH 3 ), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Mass: (Allylthio)-4-phenylbutan-2-one 3f. 5 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 2.05 (s, 3H), (m, 4H), (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), (m, 2H), (m, 1H), (m, 5H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 30.8 (1C, CH 3 ), 34.3 (1C, CH 2 ), 43.3 (1C, CH), 50.1 (1C, CH 2 C=), (1C, CH 2 =), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, =CH), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Mass: (Cyclohexylthio)-4-phenylbutan-2-one 3g. 6 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (m, 6H), (m, 1H), (m, 2H), (m, 1H), 2.07 (s, 3H), (m, 1H), 2.93 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), (m, 5H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 25.9 (1C, Cy-C), 26.0 (2C, Cy-C), 30.9 (1C, CH 3 ), 33.3 (1C, Cy-C), 33.7 (1C, Cy-C), 42.8 (1C, CH), 43.2 (1C, Cy-C), 50.7 (1C, CH 2 C=), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar- C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Mass: Methyl 2-((3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)thio)acetate 3h. 7 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 2.09 (s, 3H), (m, 4H), 3.67 (s, 3H), (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), (m, 1H), 7.29 (m, 4H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 30.6 (1C, =CCH 3 ), 32.8 (1C, CH), 44.5 (1C, CH 2 ), 49.6 (1C, CH 3 ), 52.5 (1C, CHCH 2 C=), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, -C=), (1C, CH 3 C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. 4

5 Ph Chemical Formula: C 18 H 20 Mass: Elemental Analysis: C, 76.01; H, 7.09;, 5.63;, ((4-Methylbenzyl)thio)-4-phenylbutan-2-one 3i. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 2.02 (s, 3H), 2.33 (s, 3H), (m, 2H), (dd, J = 37.0, 8.5 Hz, 2H), (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (brs, 4H), (m, 1H), (m, 4H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 21.2 (1C, Ar-CH 3 ), 30.6 (1C, =CCH 3 ), 35.5 (1C, CH 2 ), 44.0 (1C, CH), 50.1 (1C, CH 2 C=), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Anal. Calcd for C 18 H 20 : C, 76.01%; H, 7.09%. Found: C, 76.36%; H, 7.45%. N 2 Chemical Formula: C 17 H 17 N 3 Mass: Elemental Analysis: C, 64.74; H, 5.43; N, 4.44;, 15.22;, ((4-Nitrobenzyl)thio)-4-phenylbutan-2-one 3j. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 2.02 (s, 3H), 2.93 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), (dd, J = 34.0, 8.0 Hz, 2H), (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), (m, 7H), 8.08 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 30.7 (1C, CH 3 ), 35.2 (1C, CH 2 ), 44.2 (1C, CH), 49.9 (1C, CH 2 C=), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar- C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Anal. Calcd for C 17 H 17 N 3 : C, 64.74%; H, 5.43%; N, 4.44%. Found: C, 64.38%; H, 5.29%; N, 4.75%. Me N 2 Chemical Formula: C 23 H 21 N 4 Mass: Elemental Analysis: C, 67.79; H, 5.19; N, 3.44;, 15.71;, (4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-((4-nitrobenzyl)thio)-1-phenylpropan-1-one 3k. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 3.42 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), (dd, J = 32, 14 Hz, 2H), 3.79 (s, 3H), (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), (m, 7H), 7.81 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 8.04 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 35.4 (1C, CH 2 ), 44.7 (1C, CH), 44.9 (1C, CH 2 C=), 55.6 (1C, CH 3 ), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Anal. Calcd for C 23 H 21 N 4 : C, 67.79%; H, 5.19%; N, 3.44%. Found: C, 67.81%; H, 5.32%; N, 3.74%. 5

6 N 2 Chemical Formula: C 22 H 18 BrN 3 Mass: Elemental Analysis: C, 57.90; H, 3.98; Br, 17.51; N, 3.07;, 10.52;, 7.03 Br 1-(4-Bromophenyl)-3-((4-nitrobenzyl)thio)-3-phenylpropan-1-one 3l. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (dd, J = 7.0, 1.0 Hz, 2H), (dd, J = 32.5, 13.5 Hz, 2H), (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), (m, 7H), 7.51 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.67 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 8.06 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 35.4 (1C, CH 2 ), 44.4 (1C, CH), 45.2 (1C, CH 2 C=), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Anal. Calcd for C 22 H 18 BrN 3 : C, 57.90%; H, 3.98%; N, 3.07%. Found: C, 57.68%; H, 4.17%; N, 2.86%. N 2 Chemical Formula: C 23 H 21 N 3 Mass: Elemental Analysis: C, 70.56; H, 5.41; N, 3.58;, 12.26;, ((4-Nitrobenzyl)thio)-3-phenyl-1-(p-tolyl)propan-1-one 3m. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 2.38 (s, 3H), (dd, J = 7.0, 1.5 Hz, 2H), (dd, J = 32, 14 Hz, 2H), (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), (m, 3H), (m, 6H), 7.75 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 8.08 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 21.7 (1C, Ar-CH 3 ), 35.4 (1C, CH 2 ), 44.6 (1C, CH), 45.2 (1C, CH 2 C=), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C) (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), 144.4, 146.1, 147.0, M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Anal. Calcd for C 23 H 21 N 3 : C, 70.56%; H, 5.41%; N, 3.58%. Found: C, 70.29%; H, 5.17%; N, 3.96%. N Ph Mass: Benzyl-3-(benzylthio)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione 3n. 8 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (dd, J = 18.5, 6.0 Hz, 1H), (dd, J = 19.0, 9.0 Hz, 1H), (q, J = 4.0 Hz, 1H), 3.82 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), (dd, J = 25.0, 14.0 Hz, 2H), (m, 10 H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 35.6 (1C, CH 2 C=), 36.0 (1C, CH 2 ), 37.5 (1C, CH), 42.7 (1C, CH 2 N), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (6C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. N Mass: Ph 6

7 3-(Benzylthio)-1-methylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione 3o. 9 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (dd, J = 19.0, 4.0 Hz, 1H), (m, 4H), (dd, J = 9.0, 3.5 Hz, 1H), 3.88 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), 4.24 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), (m, 5H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 25.2 (1C, NCH 3 ), 35.6 (1C, CH 2 C=), 36.1 (1C, CH 2 ), 37.5 (1C, CH), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Chemical Formula: C 13 H 15 N 2 Mass: Ph N Elemental Analysis: C, 62.62; H, 6.06; N, 5.62;, 12.83;, (Benzylthio)-1-ethylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione 3p. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H), (dd, J = 18.5, 1.5 Hz, 1H), (dd, J = 9.0, 4.0 Hz, 1H), (dd, J = 9.0, 3.5 Hz, 1H), (q, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 3.87 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), 4.24 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), (m, 5H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 13.0 (1C, CH 3 ), 34.1 (1C, CH 2 N), 35.6 (1C, CH 2 C=), 36.0 (1C, CH 2 ), 37.4 (1C, CH), (1C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Anal. Calcd for C 13 H 15 N 2 : C, 62.62%; H, 6.06%; N, 5.62%. Found: C, 62.38%; H, 5.87%; N, 5.37%. Chemical Formula: C 14 H 15 N 4 Mass: N Ph Elemental Analysis: C, 57.32; H, 5.15; N, 4.77;, 21.82;, Methyl 2-((1-benzyl-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-3-yl)thio)acetate 3q. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ (dd, J = 19.0, 4.0 Hz, 1H), (q, J = 9.5 Hz, 1H), (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H), 3.74 (s, 3H), (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H), (dd, J = 9.5, 3.5 Hz, 1H), (q, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H), (m, 5H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 33.0 (1C, CH 2 ), 35.5 (1C, CHCH 2 C=), 38.4 (1C, CH), 42.8 (1C, Ph-CH 2 ), 52.8 (1C, CH 3 ), (1C, Ar-C), (4C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, -C=), (1C, N-C=), (1C, N-C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Anal. Calcd for C 14 H 15 N 4 : C, 57.32%; H, 5.15%; N, 4.77%. Found: C, 57.65%; H, 5.41%; N, 4.59%. N Ph Chemical Formula: C 19 H 19 N 2 Mass: Elemental Analysis: C, 70.12; H, 5.88; N, 4.30;, 9.83;, Benzyl-3-((4-methylbenzyl)thio)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione 3s. 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 2.34 (s, 3H), (dd, J = 19.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), (dd, J = 9.0, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), 4.17 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 1H), (q, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H), (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), (m, 7H). 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 21.2 (1C, CH 3 ), 35.6 (1C, CH 2 C=), 35.7 (1C, CH 2 ), 37.6 (1C, CH), 42.7 (1C, NCH 2 ), (1C, Ar-C), (4C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (2C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, Ar-C), (1C, C=), (1C, C=). M (EI) m/z: [M+H] +. Anal. Calcd for C 19 H 19 N 2 : C, 70.12%; H, 5.88%; N, 4.30%. Found: C, 70.42%; H, 6.01%; N, 4.41%. 7

8 [1] Khatik, G. L.; harma, G.; Kumar, R.; Chakraborti, A. K., cope and limitations of HCl 4 i 2 as an extremely efficient, inexpensive, and reusable catalyst for chemoselective carbon sulfur bond formation. Tetrahedron 2007, 63 (5), [2] Ricci, P.; Carlone, A.; Bartoli, G.; Bosco, M.; ambri, L.; Melchiorre, P., rganocatalytic Asymmetric ulfa-michael Addition to α,β-unsaturated Ketones. Advanced ynthesis & Catalysis 2008, 350 (1), [3] Firouzabadi, H.; Iranpoor, N.; Abbasi, M., Pronounced Catalytic Effect of a Micellar olution of odium Dodecyl ulfate (D) on the Efficient C- Bond Formation via an dorless Thia- Michael Addition Reaction through the in situ Generation of -Alkylisothiouronium alts. Advanced ynthesis & Catalysis 2009, 351 (5), [4] Commercial chemical, CA number: [5] Chu, C.-M.; Huang, W.-J.; Lu, C.; Wu, P.; Liu, J.-T.; Yao, C.-F., The iron(iii) chloridemediated 1,4-addition of mercaptans to α,β-unsaturated ketones and esters under solvent free conditions. Tetrahedron Letters 2006, 47 (41), [6] Azizi, N.; Khajeh-Amiri, A.; Ghafuri, H.; Bolourtchian, M., A highly efficient, operationally simple and selective thia-michael addition under solvent-free condition. Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews 2009, 2 (1), [7] Hui, Y.; Jiang, J.; Wang, W.; Chen, W.; Cai, Y.; Lin, L.; Liu, X.; Feng, X., Highly Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Thioglycolate to Chalcones Catalyzed by Lanthanum: Low Catalyst Loading and Remarkable Chiral Amplification. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2010, 49 (25), [8] Known compound, CA number: [9] Known compound, CA number: [10] Reeves, J. T.; Camara, K.; Han, Z..; Xu, Y.; Lee, H.; Busacca, C. A.; enanayake, C. H., The Reaction of Grignard Reagents with Bunte alts: A Thiol-Free ynthesis of ulfides. rganic Letters 2014, 16 (4),

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