STUDY OF YIELD COMPONENTS AND QUALITY TRAITS OF SOME PEA VARIETIES BY USING HALF-DIALLEL CROSS
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- Charlene Beasley
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1 STUDY OF YIELD COMPONENTS AND QUALITY TRAITS OF SOME PEA VARIETIES BY USING HALFDIALLEL CROSS.. ٢٠٠٦ ٢٠٠٥ ١ بسم االله الرحمن الرحيم
2 كل ذي علم عليم وفوق صدق االله العظيم محمد العايش فراس. // ( ) لجنة الحكم ٢
3 " : محمد العايش فراس " /. /. فراس محمد العايش ٣
4 " ".... ا هداء ا لى كل من ا مدني ببصيص ا مل وحفنة حب ا لى من وهبني الحياة ولم يبخل... ٤
5 ... ا لى من علمني الحلم وبالشموخ طوقني... ا لى من جرعني الصبر وبالحكمة ا لهمني... ا لى القلب الكبير الذي يو رقه قلقي ويسعده فرحي ا بي الغالي ا لى من نثرت الورود في دربي... ا لى من علمتني كيف ا بحر فلا ا جد الا مان ا لا على شواطي ها... ا لى من تجتمع السنين لا بل اللحظات لتجثو بين يديها... ا لى القلب النابض بالحب والمعين الخير الذي لا ينضب... ا مي الحنونة ا لى الذكريات الجميلة ودفء الطفولة والصبا ا لى ا جمل ترانيم الطفولة وا حلى ا ماني الشباب... ا لى قبلتي عندما ا بحث عن الا مان ا خوتي الا عزاء... ا لى تلك الا سوار المنيعة التي طالما حمتني... ا لى تلك القلوب الدافي ة التي طالما ا لهمتني وبالا مل غذتني ا صدقاي ي الا وفياء ا لى الا نشودة التي ا ترنم بها... فتنسيني عناي ي... ا لى من تشاركني ا فراحي وا تراحي بقلبها وروحها... ا لى دمع العين ونبض القلب وروح الجسد... ا لى شريكة عمري... خطيبتي المخلصة شكر وتقدير א אמ מ א מ א א א : אאמאמא.אא ٥
6 א מאאאאאאא א א א א א א א א א. א אמאאאאמא.אאאאאמ א א א א א א א א א א א א א. א א א מ א מ א א א א א א. מאא אא אאאאאא.אאאאאא א א מ א א א מ א מ.אאאאא אאאאמ אאא א. א א א א א א א מ א א א. א אאאאאמא א א א. ا ليهم جميعا خالص الشكر والامتنان والتقدير. ١... ١ ١١... ٢ ١١... ١٢ ١٢... ٢٢ ١٢... ١٢٢ ١٢... ٢٢٢ ٦
7 ١٢... ١٢٢٢ ١٥... ٢٢٢٢ ١٧... ٣٢٢٢ ١٩... ٣٢٢ ٢٢... ٣ ٢٢... ( ) ١٣ % (٥٠) ١١٣ ٢٢... ٢١٣ ٢٦... ٣١٣ ٣٠... ١٠٠٠ ٣٦... ٤١٣ ( ) ٢٣ ٤٤... ٤٦... ( ) ٤٦... ٤٦... () ٤٦... ٤٦... ٤٨... ٤٨... ٤٨... ٥٠... ٥٠... ٥٠... ٥٢... ٥٢... ٥٢... ٥٤... ٥٤... ٧
8 ٥٤... ٥٦... ٥٦... ٥٦... ٥٨... ٢٣٣ ٥٨... ١٢٣٣ ٥٨... ٢٢٣٣ ٥٨... ٣٢٣٣ ٦٠... ٤٢٣٣ ٦٠... ٥٢٣٣ ٦٠... ٦٢٣٣ ٦٢... ٧٢٣٣ ٦٢... ٨٢٣٣ ٦٢... ٩٢٣٣ ٦٣... ١٠٢٣٣ ٦٣... ١١٢٣٣ ٦٤... ١٢٢٣٣ ٦٥... ١٣٢٣٣ ٦٥... ١٤٢٣٣ ٦٥... ١٥٢٣٣ ٦٧... ١٦٢٣٣ ٦٧... ١٧٢٣٣ ٦٧... ١٨٢٣٣ ٦٩... ٣٣٣ ٧٠... ١٣٣٣ ٧٠... ١١٣٣٣ ٧٠... ٢١٣٣٣ ٧٠... ٣١٣٣٣ ٧٤... ٤١٣٣٣ ٧٤... ٥١٣٣٣ ٧٤... ٦١٣٣٣ ٨
9 ٧٤... ٧١٣٣٣ ٧٤... ٨١٣٣٣ ٧٤... ٩١٣٣٣ ٨١... ١٠١٣٣٣ ٨١... ١١١٣٣٣ ٨١... ١٢١٣٣٣ ٨١... ١٣١٣٣٣ ٨١... ١٤١٣٣٣ ٨٧... ١٥١٣٣٣ ٨٧... ١٦١٣٣٣ ٨٧... ١٧١٣٣٣ ٨٧... ١٨١٣٣٣ ٩٢... ٢٣٣٣ ٩٢... ١٢٣٣٣ ٩٢... ٢٢٣٣٣ ٩٣... ٣٢٣٣٣ ٩٣... ٤٢٣٣٣ ٩٣... ٥٢٣٣٣ ٩٤... ٦٢٣٣٣ ٩٤... ٧٢٣٣٣ ٩٥... ٨٢٣٣٣ ٩٥... ٩٢٣٣٣ ٩٦... ١٠٢٣٣٣ ٩٦... ١١٢٣٣٣ ٩٦... ١٢٢٣٣٣ ٩٧... ١٣٢٣٣٣ ٩٧... ١٤٢٣٣٣ ٩٨... ١٥٢٣٣٣ ٩٨... ١٦٢٣٣٣ ٩٨... ١٧٢٣٣٣ ٩٩... ١٨٢٣٣٣ ٩
10 ٩٩... ٣٣٣٣ ١٠٢... ٤٣٣ ١٠٤... ٥٣٣ ١٠٥... ٦٣٣ ١٠٨... ٤ ١٠٨... ٥ ١٠٩... ٦ ١١٢... ١٢٤... الملخ ص باللغة الا جنبية... ١٢٥ ١٠
11 Introduction and Literature Review 1 : (490) Leguminosae Pisum Papilionaidae (12000).(Stebbins, 1974 ; Hrjanovskei, 1978 ; Griga and Novak, 1990).(١٩٩٦ ) (Davies et al., 1985) (Duke, 1981).(Pate, 1977 ; Kay, 1979) choline.(matthews & Arthur, 1985) (Duke, 1981).(Smartt, 1990).(McPhee, 2003) 9000 : (1926) Vavilov Zoharry and Hopf (1985) Smartt and Hymowitz (١٩٧٣).(Marx, 1977 ; Kay, 1979 ; Makasheva, 1983) (1992 ).(Karpenstein & Stuelpuage, 2000) (1087) (FAO, 2004) (4000) 1990 / (4309) (1300).(٢٠٠٤ ) 2004 / (6020) ١١
12 : (Pisum sativum L.)..(McPhee, 2003). Jinks and Hayman ; (١٩٥٦) Griffing Wright ; () Pooni et al. (١٩٥٤ a b) Hayman ; (١٩٥٣). () (١٩٧٨) Baker. (1964) Rowlands (Kumar and Das, 1975).(Kumar, 1973 ; Kumar and Das, 1974 ; Singh et al., 2001) (١٩٩٦) Singh and Mishra ( ) (Bencheikh and Gallias, 1996) (Naumkina et al., 2005).(Hobbs and Mahon, 1985) : (1988) Van der Maesen et al. (1993). ١٢
13 (1995) Moot and McNeil....(Summerfield & Roberts, 1985 ; Muehlbauer, 1991) (1991) Muehlbauer. (11) (1994) Gurmit and Gill. (11) (1995) Thakur and Kashyap (20)..(Kumari and Prasad, 1998) (1999) Malvick and Percich Pisum (٧٨) P.fulvum.(Fondevilla et al., 2005) (1999) Shinde et al. S136 : (13) (73). PHI VL3 VL9 PRS4 Adsuli Frizette (402) (2001) Hybl et al. (20). ١٣.(Amurrio et al., 1996)
14 (180) (2005) Noumkina et al. :. (٧) (2001) Santalla et al.. : : 1 Germplasm :.(Fehr, 1980) (2005) (1993 ) F 1 (1993). % (٣٠ ٢٠) (Nettevich & Sceglova, 1970) (1982 b) Venkateswarlu and Singh. Collection.(1999 ) ( ) (2005) (Singh and Singh, 1978). (Naumkina et al., 2005) (1982 b) Venkateswarlu & Singh. ١٤
15 : 2 X=7 Pisum.(Fehr, 1980).(Cannon, 1903 ; Nemec, 1904 ; Davies, 1976 ; Casey and Davies, 1993) 2n = 14 (١٠) (1979) Blixt Vicia Pisum P.formosum Pisum (McComb, 1975).(Gritton and Wierzbicka, 1975 ) (6).(1993 ) (Cooper, 1938) (24) ١٢ ٨ ().(Gritton and Wierzbicka, 1975) ٤٨ 24.(Warnock and Hagedorn,1954).(1986 ).(1993 ١٩٨٦ ) % (1) (White, 1917) % (٠) (1988) Myers and Gritton (Harland, 1984) % (60)..(Murfet, 1977).(1993 ) ١٥
16 .(Warnock and Hagedorn, 1954) (1974) Lamprecht.% (90) F 1.(Gritton, 1980).(Hayes and Garber, 1927) : ٣ (1964).(1993 ) :.Pedigree method 1.Single seed descent 2.Bulk method 3 (1995) Krarup. : (١٩٩٥ ) Inbred lines.(antonio et al., 1997).(Griffing, 1956 a) Genetic parameters.(٢٠٠٤ ) : Heterosis (F 1 ).(East, 1908) ١٦
17 .(Singh et al., 1975).(١٩٦٤ ) % (٥٦) (1975) Singh et al. % (٣٥) % (٨٦) % (١١٤) % (١٧) % (١٠) % (٢٢). (1994) Katiyar (٨) () (١٦) T163 Rachna T163 JP4 (٨).. (1975) Pandey and Gritton (1993) Om et al. Ran 37 Pant P5 HFP4 KPSD1 KPSD1 Ran 37 F 1.F 2 (1994) Singh et al. % (٦٨ ١) % (٥٤) % (٦٠). (1994) Kharche and Narsinghani JP9 Arkel (٧) JP9 JP4. ( ٣ + ٣) ٦ ٦ ١٧
18 VL3 VP7906 JP169 VP7906 Rachna Bonneville.(Singh and Mishra, 1996) : Combining Ability (١٩٤٢) Sprague and Tatum (١٩٦٣) Matzinger. Y X ) W (Z.(Krarup and Davis, ١٩٧٠ a) (1975) Kumar and Das.(Venkateswarlu and Singh, 1982 a) Specific (GCA) General Combining Ability (SCA) Combining Ability : ١٠٠٠ Anil and.(dubey and Lal,١٩٨٣) ) (1995) Gupta ( ١٠٠٠ HPPC69HPPC43HPPC94 Lincoln HPPC77..(Rana and Gupta, 1994) ١٨
19 (2002) Amrendra and Jain % ٥٠ (١٠) Arka Ajeet Bonneville Bonneville Arka Ajeet KS 136 PMR 20. (2001) Singh et al. ٧ 7 HUDP6 HFP4 ١٠٠٠. (Bourion et al., 2002) ٨ ٨ ) (. (1996) Singh and Singh (1995) Pandey. BatriBrown Hans Kinnauri HPPC91 HPPC43 HPPC84. وذل ك HPPC63 HPPC43 والهج ين HPPC63 TSS.(Kalia & Akhilesh, 2005) ١٩
20 (2005) Naumkina et al.. : Heritability.(Falconer, 1960) (1969) Teehan et al.. ١٠٠٠ (1970 b) Krarup and Davis.% (٣٨) % (٦٥) % (٨٨ ١٠) % (٨٤ ٠٩).....(Kumar and Das, 1975) (1974) Kumar and Das % (٥٧ ٩٩) % (٥٣ ٤١) (٢٥) % (٧٤ ١٠) % (٨٧ ٧٢). (1975) Pandey and Gritton. % (٦٧٤٥) % (٦٧٥٤) (1997) Kumar et al. Tirhut ٧ 7. : ١.. ٢ () ٣. ٢٠
21 () ٤.. ٥ Materials & Methods 2 : Plant Material ١٢ (٥٠).(١ ) ٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ (٥٠) : (١) شرآة Us Agri Seed شرآة Quadrisem شرآة Fito شرآة Us Agri Seed شرآة Asgrow GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR شرآة Asgrow Banco Dasargelo Rondo87 Progress88 Oterlo Mutant27 Mutant17 Mutant15 (O x D) ٣ (O x D) ٤ (D XO) ١٣ (D XO) ١٧ (D XO) ٢٠ (D XH) ٢٢ (D XH) ٢٣ (D XH) ٣٥ ٢٦ ٢٧ ٢٨ ٢٩ ٣٠ ٣١ ٣٢ ٣٣ ٣٤ ٣٥ ٣٦ ٣٧ ٣٨ ٣٩ ٤٠ ٤١ GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR شرآة Aveland International GCSAR شرآة Royal Sluis شرآة Euro Seed شرآة Sais شرآة Asgrow OterloS New Zealand Sharp Navona Aber ٤٢ ٤٣ ٤٤ ٤٥ ٤٦ GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR GCSAR (١٠٤٨٢)1 (١٠٦٤٨) ٥ (١٠٨٧٩) ٩ (O x D) ١ (O x D) ١٠ (O x D) ١٢ (D XO) ٢٦ (D XO) ٢٩ (D XO) ٣١ (D XO) ٣٢ (D XH) ٤٧ (D XH) ٤٨ A O D T Onward Mutant2 Mutant3 Mutant14 Mutant20 Mutant26 Mutant40. ١ ٢ ٣ ٤ ٥ ٦ ٧ ٨ ٩ ١ ٠ ١ ١ ١ ٢ ١ ٣ ١ ٤ ١ ٥ ١ ٦ ١ ٧ ١ ٨ ١ ٩ ٢ ٠ ٢ ٢١
22 Nassra Peaso Rondo Rama ٤٧ ٤٨ ٤٩ ٥٠ GCSAR GCSAR شرآة Servise Plus شرآة Sativa شرآة Tezier شرآة Hortus شرآة Sais شرآة Us Agri Seed ٥٠ OnwardC Douce Provence Progress80 ١ ٢ ٢ ٢ ٣ ٢ ٤ ٢ ٥ ٢٢ : Place & Period of study : Methods ٢٢ ١٢٢.٢٠٠٦ ٢٠٠٣ ٢٠٠٦ ٢٠٠٣ : Stages of study ٢٢٢ ٢٠٠٥/٢٠٠٤ ٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ Visual parameters Crosses. Hybrid genotypes ٢٠٠٦/٢٠٠٥ : ١٢٢٢ (٥٠) ٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ (١ ) ( ٤٢١ ٣٣ ٢٥ ٣٦ ٥ ) General Commission for Scientific Agricultural.(GCSAR) Research (١٧) / (٢) GCSAR) % ٥٠ / (١٦) % ٤٦ /.( ٢٠٠٣ / (٥٠) () ٢ (٤) (١١ ٢) ٤ ٢ ٨
23 (٠ ٢) (٠ ٧) (٣).(١٩٨٨ ) () : ٢٣ : ١ ) ( (Salter, 1963 ; Maurer et al., 1968). (٨) (٦) : ٢ (١٠) (٢ ٥) (٢٢) % (٤٠) % (٦٠) % (٥٥) (McKay et al., 2003). : ٣... (McKay et al., 2003) (٥). : ٤ ٢٠٠ / ٢٠٠/./ ٢٠٠/ ١٥٠
24 (٥).(USDA, 1998) (IBPGR, 1984) (١).(AOAC, 1990) : : ١ % (٩٠) : ١. : % (٥٠) ٢. % (٥٠) : () ٣. % (٧٥) : () ٤. % (٧٥) : ٢ : ( ) ١. : () ٢. : ٣..() ٤ : ٣. ١. ٢ (١٩٨٦ ) : ٣.١٠٠ /. ١٠٠٠ ٤ ٢٤
25 C ١٠٥ ١٠١./ ٥./ ٦ : ٤ ) ١.(. ٢. ٣ : ٥. ٦. ٧. ٨. ٩. ١٠ : Statistical analysis of data :. ١. ٢. ٣. ٤. ٥ MSTATc Randomized Complete Blocks Least Significant (ANOVA2) Design (Steel &Torrie, 1980) % ٥ (L.S.D.) Difference Test ٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ Yool : (٢٠٠١ ) Log K = Log /4 Log N. : K. : N : ٢٢٢٢ ٢٠٠٥/٢٠٠٤ Half diallel cross scheme : N N = P (P 1) / 2 ٢٥
26 (٦) = P :..(١٩٨٦ ) (١).(١٩٩٣ ).٢٠٠٥/٢٠٠٤ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Dasargelo Mutant3 Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Oterlo Mutant3 Oterlo Douce Provence Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand New Zealand Mutant3 New Zealand Douce Provence New Zealand Dasargelo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra Nassra Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo Nassra New Zealand.٢٠٠٥/٢٠٠٤ ٦ ٦ : (١) : : ١. : ٢ (١+ ٩) ٢٦
27 . : () ٣...١٠٠ / : (١٩٨٦ ) = % (٢١) N = P (P + 1) / 2 :. : P (Blixt, 1974). : ٣٢٢٢ ٢٠٠٦/٢٠٠٥ / (٢) % ٥٠ / (١٦) % ٤٦ / (). ٢٧
28 Replication ٢٨ ٢ (١١ ٢) ٢ ٨ ٤ (٢١) (١ ٥) (٠ ٧) (٤) (٤) (٠ ٢). / ٣ () (٦) (Heterozygous ) (١٥) (٢١) (Homozygous ). (F 2 ) (٥) :. ١. ٢. ٣. / ٤. ٥. ٦. ٧. / ٨. / ٩.% ١٠ (Remison, 1978) ١١.() /. ١٢
29 . / () ١٣. / ١٤ GCSAR (١) (٦٣) :.( ) ١.( ) ٢ B + A ) ٣.( B + A ) ٤ /.( :. : ٣٢٢ H (MP) = [(F 1 MP) / MP] ١٠٠ : : : (1953) Smith : A :. : H (MP). : F 1 : : MP MP = (P 1 + P 2 ) / 2 : B ٢٩
30 H (BP) = [(F 1 BP) / BP] ١٠٠ :. : H (BP). : F 1. : BP : % ٥ L.S.D. (MP) = t 0.05 x 3 x MSe / 2r L.S.D. (BP) = t 0.05 x 2 x MSe / r : : MSe % : T. : r : : ( ) (Method II FixedModel) Griffing : (). ( ) ١. ٢ : X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij + 1 / bc ΣΣ e ijkl :.. : X ij : µ. j i : g j g i. : s ij ) : ΣΣ e ijkl.( : ٣٠
31 µ= [ / p (p+1)] X.., g i = 1/( p+2) [X i. + x ii 2 / p X..], s ij = x ij 1 / ( p+2) [ X i. + x ii + X j. + x jj ] + 2 / [(p+1) (p+2)] X.., : : 2 P = 2 G + 2 e :.. : 2 P : 2 G. : 2 e : (١٩١٨) Fisher 2 G = 2 2 g + 2 s :. : 2 g. : 2 s : : : (1952) Warner Degree of Dominance ā = ٢ 2 D / 2 A حيث :. : 2 D. : 2 A : : b) (١٩٥٦ و (١٩٥٣) Griffing Burton and Deven : (١٩٧٧) Singh and Chaudhary h 2 bs = 2 G / 2 P h 2 ns = 2 a / 2 P :.() : h 2 bs.() : h 2 ns ٣١
32 . : 2 a Results & Discussion ٣ : ( ) ١٣ : % (٥٠) ١١٣ : : Progress80 (١٧) (D O) ٢٩ Navona Sharp New Zealand Rama Rondo87 Progress88 Rondo87 Progress80 Rama Sharp Progress88 (٢٩) New Zealand.(٢ ) (2001) Muhammad et al. (1996) Biarnes et al.. : % (٥٠) % (٥٠) (٨٠) Douce Provence (١٠٦) (D T).(٢ ) (Richards, 1991) ) Murfet, 1985 ; Roberts & Summerfield, 1987 ; Jeuffory et al ) ( ٣٢
33 .(., 1990 ; Yan & Wallace, 1998.(Pate, 1975) (Barber, 1959 ; Murfet, 1971) Sn.(Arumingtyas & Murfet, 1994) Ppd (King & Murfet, 1985) Dne efr (1983) Gottschalk (1996) Amurrio et al. (2001) Santalla et al.. : ( ) (١٢١) Progress80 Douce Provence Oterlo Mutant2 (D H) (D O) (O D) Aber Navona Progress88 Rondo87 Dasargelo Banco OterloS Rama Peaso Nassra.( ) (١٤٧) New Zealand : ( ) (١٤٥) Navona Rondo Dasargelo Banco Mutant3 Mutant2 (D O) (D O) Rama Nassra Aber Progress80 ) (١٧٥) Oterlo.( ) ( ( ) (2001) Santalla et al. (١٩٩٥) Cszimadia. ٣٣
34 % (٥٠) : (٢).٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ % (٥٠) efghijklmn 135 bcdefghi abcde 20 bcde () ١ ghijklmn abcdefg abc 0 bcde () ٢ abcdefghij abcdefg 102 abcde bcde () ٣ abcdefgh fghijklm defghi de (O D) ٤ bcdefghijk defghijkl efghi de (O D) ٥ abcdefg abc 101 abcdef bcde (O D) ٦ abcd ab abcd bcde (D O) ٧ ab abc 100 bcdefg e (D O) ٨ abcdefg 142 abcd bcdefg de (D O) abcdefgh abcdef cdefg de (D O) cdefghijkl abcdefg 100 bcdefg bcde (D H) 159 efghijklmn 136 bcdefgh fghij 19 cde (D H) abcdefghi 142 abcd ab bcde A O abcdef abcdef a bcde D T abcd abcdef cdefg de Onward jklmno hijklmn efghi 20 bcde Mutant 2 ghijklmno abcdefg cdefg 19 cde Mutant 3 bcdefghij 142 abcd ghijk bcde Mutant 14 bcdefghijk cdefghijk efghi 20 bcde Mutant 20 abcde abcde fghij 19 cde Mutant 26 fghijklmn 136 bcdefgh defghi 19 cde Mutant 40 abcde abcdefg 100 bcdefg 19 cde abcdefghi cdefghijk defghi 19 cde Onward C ٣٤
35 fghijklmn m m bcde Douce Provence jklmno m jkl a Progress80 ghijklmno lm abcdef 19 cde Banco no ijklm efghi 22 bcde Dasargelo abcdefgh 124 jklm 105 ab a Rondo 87 abcdefghij klm l ab Progress88 a hijklm bcdefg 19 cde Oterlo ab cdefghijk cdefg de Mutant 27 abcdef abcde efghi 19 cde Mutant 17 abcd 142 abcd 90 kl de Mutant 15 abc 136 bcdefgh bcdefg bcde (O D) abcde cdefghij ijkl de (O D) abcdefgh 142 abcd ijkl bcde (D O) jklmno cdefghijk jkl bcde (D O) 152 klmno efghijklm 93 hijk 19 cde (D O) defghijklm defghijkl bcdefg de (D H) 162 cdefghijkl ijklm fghij 19 cde (D H) defghijklm cdefghijk 98 defgh bcde (D H) abcdefg ghijklm bcdefg bcde OterloS abcdefghi a 105 ab a New Zealand abcdefgh cdefghij abcd ab Sharp o lm bcdefg bcd Navona 50 mno 124 jklm abcde bcde Aber 151 lmno klm 102 abcde bcde Nassra abcdefgh ijklm abcd bcde Peaso 154 ijklmno ijklm abcd bcde Rondo hijklmno klm abc 24 abc Rama,,,, L.S.D. at 0.05 ().% ٥ (LSD) ٣٥
36 : ٢١٣ : : () Progress88 Banco Douce Provence Mutant Mutant14 Mutant3 Mutant2 (D O) Sharp (D O) Dasargelo ().(٣ ) : ( ~ ) () (D O) (O D) (O D).( ) () ( ) ( ) (1978) Becwar & Bagett ٣٦
37 Le (Potts et al., 1982) le (1974) Shalaby. : (D O) () () Oterlo () Progress80.( ).(Lamprecht, 1933 ; Potts et al., 1982 ; Zhang, 2004).(Zhang, 2004) (Makasheva, 1984) (1996) Amurrio et al. و (١٩٩٤) Ali et al.. : () () OterloS Mutant26 Peaso Aber Banco Progress88 Progress80 D T (D O) () Nassra New Zealand Rama () Dasargelo (D H)35 (D H)23 Mutant17.( ) ٣٧
38 () (Amurrio et al., 1996 ; Santalla et al., 2001). () : ().٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ / / /, bc bcd ab bc () a 66 klmnopq ab cd () ab efghijk ab de ().0 bc rs a ab (O D).0 cd 82 cdefgh a ab (O D), cd 76 fghijklm b de (O D) ab defgh b a (D O).0 cd 108 a ab 10 ef (D O), bc defgh a cd (D O), cd ijklmnopq a 10 ef (D O).0 bc fghijklmn ab 9.0 fg (D H), bc efghij a ef (D H), cd fghijkl ab ef A O ab jklmnopq ab de D T ٣٨
39 .0 cd hijklmnop ab cd Onward, bc cdefgh a bc Mutant 2, bc 76 fghijklm ab de Mutant 3, bc opqrs ab 8.0 gh Mutant bc hijklmnop ab 8.0 gh Mutant 20 a 84 cdefg a 8.0 gh Mutant 26.0 bc 85 cdef ab 8.0 gh Mutant 40.0 bc 76 fghijklm ab 10 ef, bc defgh ab 10 ef Onward C.0 cd ijklmnopq a 8.0 gh Douce Provence ab s a 7.0 h Progress80 ab mnopqrs ab 8.0 gh Banco, d fghijklmn ab 8.0 gh Dasargelo.0 bc lmnopqr ab 11 de Rondo 87 ab mnopqs ab de Progress88.0 cd 101 ab ab bc Oterlo, bc ghijklmno a 9.0 fg Mutant 27.0 d bcde a 9.0 fg Mutant 17.0 bc fghijklmn a cd Mutant 15, cd nopqrs ab 10 ef (O D).0 bc bcd ab cd (O D).0 bc 59 pqrs a 8.0 gh (D O), cd fghijklmn ab ef (D O), cd qrs b ab (D O), bc bc ab de (D H), d 82 cdefgh ab de (D H), d efghi ab ef (D H) a defgh a ef OterloS ab ghijklmno ab cd New Zealand, dc fghijklmn ab 15 a Sharp, dc efghi ab de Navona ab efghij ab 9.0 fg Aber ab ghijklmno a 9.0 fg Nassra ab pqrs ab de Peaso, cd fghijklmn ab ef Rondo ٣٩
40 ab nopqrs ab ab Rama 1.02,, 1.60 L.S.D. at 0.05 ().% ٥ (LSD) : ٣١٣ : : Mutant26 Mutant2 / () (١٠٨٧٩) Rondo87 OterloS (D H) (D O) / ().( ) ٤٠
41 ٤١ ( ) (1996) Vikas et al.. : Mutant40 ( ~ ) () OterloS Progress80 Progress88 (D H) 22 (D H) 48 () () () Mutant20 Onward.( ) ( ~ ).(Marx & Mishanec, 1962). () (Lambert & Linck, 1958 ; Karr et al., 1959) (1996) Vikas et al..
42 : / () Oterlo (A O) / () Rondo87.( ) : (D H) 48 / () Mutant3 New Zealand Nassra Rondo 87 / ().( ) (Kaya et al., 2002) (Yemane & Skjelvag, 2003) (Rathi & Tripathi, 1994) Lodging (Warkentin et al., 2001) % (٧٤).(Amelin & Parakhin, 2003 ; Hashemi et al., 2003) ( ) Zayed (١٩٩٥) Rajput & Gautam (١٩٩٥) Csizmadia ٤٢
43 (1999) et al.. : ().٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ (/ ) / / ijklmno klmnopq 7 bc lmnop () rstuvw efgh ab bcdef () lmnopqrs efgh 7 bc a () nopqrst bcd ab bcde (O D) uvwx efgh ab fghijkl (O D) nopqrst ghijklmn 7 bc cdefg (O D) wxy s 7 bc efghij (D O) efghijk efghij 7 bc klmnop (D O) ghijklm lmnopq 7 bc efghij (D O) cdefgh efghijkl 7 bc ghijklm (D O) defghij fghijklm 7 bc fghijkl (D H) ab defgh c hijklmn (D H) rstuv st ab ghijklm A O vwxy ijklmnopq 7 bc efghij D T cdefghi ghijklmno c bcde Onward tuvw hijklmnop 7 bc a Mutant 2 a bcd 7 bc efghijk Mutant 3 vwx efghghijk 7 bc cdefgh Mutant 14 fghijkl efghij c cdefgh Mutant 20 bcdef ghijklmno 7 bc ab Mutant 26 cdefg cdefgh a lmnop Mutant 40 defghi bc 7 bc bcde ijklmno fghijkl 7 bc bcde Onward C cdefg rs 7 bc ghijklm Douce Provence yz s a cdefg Progress80 cdefgh b ab fghijkl Banco xyz bcde ab ijklmno Dasargelo z [ t 7 bc p Rondo 87 ٤٣
44 rstuvw rs a bcdef Progress88 opqrstu a ab bcde Oterlo qrstuv opq ab fghijkl Mutant 27 stuvw qr c ghijklmn Mutant 17 qrstuv fghijklm 7 bc ijklmno Mutant 15 efghijk fghijklm 7 bc defghi (O D) mnopqrs efghi 7 bc efghijk (O D) klmnopqr ghijklmn ab abcd (D O) cdefgh defgh 7 bc klmnop (D O) klmnopq cdefgh 7 bc jklmnop (D O) bcd efgh c ghijklm (D H) jklmnop cdefg 7 bc defghi (D H) yz cdefg ab abc (D H) efghijk bcdef a abc OterloS [ s 7 bc nop New Zealand hijklmn nopq 7 bc op Sharp bcde s 7 bc ijklmn Navona xyz cdefg ab defghi Aber abc jklmnopq ab klmnop Nassra pqrstuv nopq ab mnop Peaso efghijk pq ab ghijklm Rondo qrstuv mnopq ab hijklmn Rama 33.10, 1.41, L.S.D. at 0.05 ().% ٥ (LSD) : ١٠٠٠ ٤٤
45 () Nassra Rama Rondo Aber Oterlo Progress88 Banco (O D) (D O) () Navona (A O) (D O) (D O) (O D).( ) Mutant3 Mutant2 Onward () (). ().(Sanoussi et al., 2004) : % () Douce Provence.( ) % () New Zealand (1981 b) Wehner & Gritton Endocarp.(Lamprecht, 1957) ٤٥
46 (%) () : ().٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ % / ghi fghijkl () klm defghij () fgh lmnop () hij pq (O D) qr ghijklm (O D) nop ghijklm (O D) qr opq (D O) mno mnopq (D O) fgh abcdef (D O) opq hijklmn (D O) lmn hijklmn (D H) jkl efghijk (D H) ijk pq A O mno ijklmn D T qr nopq Onward ijk pq Mutant 2 fgh mnopq Mutant 3 hij ghijklmn Mutant 14 ijk ghijklmn Mutant 20 pq ghijklmn Mutant 26 nop klmnop Mutant 40 klm pq ijk klmnopq Onward C a defghij Douce Provence cd bcdefgh Progress80 opq a Banco b lmnop Dasargelo s cdefghi Rondo 87 jkl abcde Progress88 jkl abcde Oterlo pq klmnop Mutant 27 nop efghijk Mutant 17 ٤٦
47 rs lmnop Mutant 15 nop fghijkl (O D) hij ab (O D) jkl defghij (D O) ef defghij (D O) de jklmno (D O) lmn fghijkl (D H) lmn ghijklmn (D H) ef klmnop (D H) qr bcdefgh OterloS s dfeghij New Zealand nop jklmno Sharp c q Navona ghi abcdefg Aber fg a Nassra ghi hijklmn Peaso hij abc Rondo 40 mno abcd Rama 2.25, L.S.D. at 0.05 ().% ٥ (LSD) : : ٤١٣ : % (٤٤) Douce Provence New Zealand.( ) % () : Douce Provence % (٤٠).( ) % () New Zealand (O D) ٤٧
48 : () % ( ~ ) % () New Zealand (D H) (D O) (O D) Progress88 OnwardC.( ) % () Nassra.(Wang & Daun, 2001).(Watts, 1980) () () (Marzo et al., 1997) (1996) Biarnes et al. و (١٩٩٦) Amurrio et al.. (%) : ().٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ % % % e a e e c e e e d e e l j g j f n j j j i j gh () defgh () bcdef () fgh (O D) cdefgh (O D) fgh (O D) fgh (D O) bcdef (D O) fgh (D O) cdefgh (D O) bcdefg (D H) e g cdefgh (D H) ٤٨
49 e g cdefgh A O d l efgh D T e m gh Onward c b bcd Mutant 2 e d bcd Mutant 3 d h bcdefg Mutant 14 d h bcdefg Mutant 20 b k fgh Mutant 26 b l cdefgh Mutant 40 c j fgh f l defgh Onward C e a a Douce Provence e d bcd Progress80 d i bcdefg Banco b b b Dasargelo e k bcdefg Rondo 87 f h bcde Progress88 d i bcdefg Oterlo c i bcdefg Mutant 27 c i cdefgh Mutant 17 d l gh Mutant 15 b i fgh (O D) f g bcdefg (O D) d f bcdef (D O) f e bcdef (D O) c h bcde (D O) e h bcdefg (D H) f f bcd (D H) c g bcdef (D H) d c bcde OterloS f n h New Zealand e k fgh Sharp e m bc Navona c g bcdef Aber f f bcd Nassra ٤٩
50 d j cdefgh Peaso b h bcdef Rondo c h bcdefg Rama,,, L.S.D. at 0.05 ().% ٥ (LSD) (٧).٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣.٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ : () () () () (O D) (O D) (O D) (D O) (D O) (D O) (D O) ٥٠
51 ٥١ (D H) (D H) A O D T Onward Mutant 2 Mutant 3 Mutant 14 Mutant 20 Mutant 26 Mutant 40 Onward C Douce Provence Progress80 Banco Dasargelo Rondo 87 Progress88 Oterlo Mutant 27 Mutant 17 Mutant 15 (O D) (O D) (D O) (D O) (D O) (D H) (D H) (D H) OterloS New Zealand Sharp
52 ٥٢ Navona Aber Nassra Peaso Rondo Rama () Yool % ٠ ٨ ٢٢ ٨ ٢ ٨٣ ٦ ٣ ٦٤ ٤ ٤ ٤٥ ٢ ٥ ٢٦ ٦٦ ٨ ٦ ٨٧ ٦.( ) ().٢٠٠٤/٢٠٠٣ : () % ٤ ٥ ١١١٥ ٥ ١٥ ٥٢٠ ٢٠٢٤ ٥ ٢٤ ٥٢٩ ٢٩٣٣ ٥ ٣٣ ٥٣٨ ٣٨٤٢ ٥ / ٢٧٩ ٣٠٧٥٨٦ ٥٨٦٨٦٥ ٨٦٥١١٤٤ ١١٤٤١٤٣٢ ١٤٢٣١٧٠٢ ١٧٠٢١٩٨١ ١٩٨١٢٢٦٠ % ٤ ٥ ٣٢٣٦ ٥ ٣٦ ٥٤١ ٤١٤٥ ٥ ٤٥ ٥٥٠ ٥٠٥٤ ٥ ٥٤ ٥٥٩ ٥٩٦٣ ٥ / ١٥ ١٧٨١٩٣ ١٩٣٢٠٨ ٢٠٨٢٢٣ ٢٢٣٢٣٨ ٢٣٨٢٥٣ ٢٥٣٢٦٨ ٢٦٨٢٨٣ ٠ ٥ ٦٦ ٥ ٦ ٥٧ ٧٧ ٥ ٧ ٥٨ ٨٨ ٥ ٨ ٥٩ ٩٩ ٥ ٤ ٥ ٢٠٢٤ ٥ ٢٤ ٥٢٩ ٢٩٣٣ ٥ ٣٣ ٥٣٨ ٣٨٤٢ ٥ ٤٢ ٥٤٧ ٤٧٥١ ٥ / ٠ ٦ ٧٧ ٦ ٧ ٦٨ ٢ ٨ ٢٩ ٩٩ ٦ ٩ ٦١٠ ٢ ١٠ ٢١٠ ٨ ١٠ ٨١١ ٤ / ٨ ٥٢٦٠ ٦٠٦٨ ٦٨٧٦ ٧٦٨٤ ٨٤٩٢ ٩٢١٠٠ ١٠٠١٠٨ ٤ ١٢١١٢٥ ١٢٥١٢٩ ١٢٩١٣٤ ١٣٤١٣٨ ١٣٨١٤٢ ١٤٢١٤٦ ١٤٦١٥٠ : : Mutant 3 ١ (٧٥) (٣) (١١) (٨ ٥) (٨ ٧) (٢٠٣).() : Douce Provence ٢ (٧٠) (٤) (٧ ٥) double podded I II III IV V VI VII
53 (٧٦) % (٦٢) (٢٤٠) (١٢٠) ( ٣ ٢٥) % (٤٠ ٠٣) % (٤٤ ٢٤).() % : Dasargelo ٣ (٧٥) (٣) (٨) (٧) (٨) % (٥٩) (٢٠٨).() : Oterlo ٤ (١٠٠) (٣) (٨) () (٩ ٨) (٢٦٠).() : New Zealand ٥ (٧٠) (٣) (١٢) (٩ ٥) single podded (٢٣٧) (٧).() : Nassra ٦ (٧٠) (٤) (٩) ٥٣
54 (١٠) (٢٧٦) (٨).(). () : ()./ II III VI IV II III III IV IV V II VII II VII V III III II III I VI III VI VII III V II III II VII III VI V V I I II I IV III I I II IV IV VII V II I III II II VII II V III VII V III I Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Screening.(٢٠٠٥ ) Visual selection ( ) (Timmerman Vaughan et al., 2004).(Sanoussi et al., 2004). ٥٤
55 : ( ) ٢٣ % (٨٦ ~ ٤٧) () ٢٠٠٥/٢٠٠٤ (٢) % () () % () Douce Provence Nassra Douce Provence Oterlo % () Douce Provence New Zealand Mutant3 Oterlo % () New Zealand Nassra % () Douce Provence Dasargelo % () Dasargelo Oterlo Mutant3 Zealand New () Mutant3 Dasargelo () % () Dasargelo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra % () Dasargelo Nassra Mutant3 Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Mutant3 Douce Provence % ().( ).٢٠٠٥/٢٠٠٤ : () % ٥٥
56 47 Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra % (٨٦ ~ ٤٧) (١٠) Douce Provence. :. ٢٠٠٤/١٢/٥.٢٠٠٤/١١/٢٠ ٢٠٠٤/١١/٤. ٥٦
57 : ( ) ٣٣ : : (١٦١١) : % (٥٠) (٦٣ ٣٣) Dasargelo New Zealand. (٧٢ ٦٧) Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo (٥٤ ٣٣) New Zealand Nassra (٥٨).(١١ ) (٨٠ ٣٣) : Douce Provence (١١) (١٠٦ ٣٣) ٥٧
58 New Zealand. (١٤٨ ٣٣) Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Douce Provence Dasargelo (٩١ ٣٣ ٩٠ ٩٠). (١٥١ ٦٧) Mutant3 New Zealand : ( ) (٥٣ ٣٣) Douce Provence (٧٥) New Zealand (٧١ ٦٧) Oterlo Oterlo Nassra (٤٣ ٣٣).(١١ ) (٦٥) Douce Provence Oterlo % () : (). / / % () ٦٤ ٣٣ ١١٣ ٣٣ ٦٩ ٦٧ Mutant3 ١ ٥٣ ٣٣ ١٠٦ ٣٣ ٦٩ ٦٧ Douce Provence ٢ ٦٩ ٣٣ ١١٣ ٣٣ ٦٣ ٣٣ Dasargelo ٣ ٧١ ٦٧ ١٤١ ٦٧ ٧١ ٣٣ Oterlo ٤ ٧٥ ٠٠ ١٤٨ ٣٣ ٧٢ ٦٧ New Zealand ٥ ٦٨ ٣٣ ١٢٧ ٦٧ ٧١ ٣٣ Nassra ٦ ٥١ ٦٧ ٩٠ ٠٠ ٥٤ ٣٣ Mutant3 Douce Provence ٧ ٦٠ ٣٣ ٩١ ٣٣ ٥٨ ٠٠ Mutant3 Dasargelo ٨ ٦١ ٦٧ ١٢٣ ٣٣ ٦١ ٠٠ Mutant3 Oterlo ٩ ٦٠ ٠٠ ١٥١ ٦٧ ٧٤ ٦٧ Mutant3 New Zealand ١٠ ٥٦ ٦٧ ١٣٢ ٦٧ ٦٦ ٦٧ Mutant3 Nassra ١١ ٥٣ ٣٣ ٩٠ ٠٠ ٦٥ ٦٧ Douce Provence Dasargelo ١٢ ٦٥ ٠٠ ١١٩ ٦٧ ٦٩ ٣٣ Douce Provence Oterlo ١٣ ٥٨
59 ٥٣ ٣٣ ٥١ ٠٠ ٥٢ ٠٠ ٤٨ ٣٣ ٤٥ ٠٠ ٥١ ٦٧ ٤٣ ٣٣ ٥١ ٦٧ ٥ ٢٧ ١٣٦ ٦٧ ١٣٠ ٠٠ ١٢٦ ٣٣ ١٢٣ ٣٣ ١٢٨ ٣٣ ١٤٥ ٠٠ ١٣٦ ٦٧ ١٤٥ ٠٠ ٥ ٢٥ ٧٨ ٦٧ ٦٨ ٠٠ ٦٧ ٦٧ ٦٩ ٠٠ ٧١ ٦٧ ٦٨ ٠٠ ٦٧ ٣٣ ٨٠ ٣٣ ٥ ٠١ Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. (P < 5 %) ١٤ ١٥ ١٦ ١٧ ١٨ ١٩ ٢٠ ٢١ : (١٢٦) Nassra Dasargelo. (٧٩ ٦٧) Oterlo Nassra Douce Provence Oterlo (٢٠٣ ٣٣ ٢٤٥).(١٢ ) : (٤) Nassra / () Oterlo Dasargelo / Douce Provence Oterlo / (,).( ) / (,) Dasargelo Nassra : ٥٩
60 (,) Oterlo (,) New Zealand Dasargelo / / / (,) Douce Provence Oterlo.( ) / () New Zealand Nassra / / / : (). / / / / ٢ ٣٣ ٣ ٦٧ ٨١ ٦٧ Mutant3 ١ ٢ ٥٠ ٣ ٣٣ ٨٦ ٦٧ Douce Provence ٢ ٢ ١٧ ٣ ٠٠ ٧٩ ٦٧ Dasargelo ٣ ٢ ٨٣ ٣ ٠٠ ٨٤ ٣٣ Oterlo ٤ ٢ ٠٠ ٣ ٣٣ ٩٥ ٦٧ New Zealand ٥ ٢ ٣٣ ٤ ٠٠ ١٢٦ ٠٠ Nassra ٦ ٣ ٣٣ ٣ ٠٠ ١١٠ ٣٣ Mutant3 Douce Provence ٧ ٢ ٦٧ ٣ ٦٧ ٤٦ ٠٠ Mutant3 Dasargelo ٨ ٣ ٣٣ ٤ ٠٠ ٥١ ٣٣ Mutant3 Oterlo ٩ ٢ ٦٧ ٢ ٦٧ ١٣٦ ٦٧ Mutant3 New Zealand ١٠ ٢ ٦٧ ٤ ٠٠ ١٦٩ ٣٣ Mutant3 Nassra ١١ ٢ ٨٣ ٢ ٦٧ ٦٣ ٣٣ Douce Provence Dasargelo ١٢ ٣ ٥٠ ٤ ٦٧ ٢٤٥ ٠٠ Douce Provence Oterlo ١٣ ٣ ٣٣ ٤ ٠٠ ١٠٠ ٠٠ Douce Provence New Zealand ١٤ ٢ ٨٣ ٤ ٣٣ ٧٧ ٦٧ Douce Provence Nassra ١٥ ٦٠
61 ٢ ٣٣ ٢ ٨٣ ٢ ١٧ ٢ ٥٠ ٢ ١٧ ٢ ٠٠ ٠ ٦٤ ٤ ٠٠ ٤ ٣٣ ٢ ٣٣ ٣ ٠٠ ٣ ٣٣ ٤ ٣٣ ٠ ٩٦ ٥٧ ٣٣ ١١١ ٠٠ ١٣٨ ٣٣ ٨٠ ٠٠ ٢٠٣ ٣٣ ١٠٤ ٠٠ ١٠ ١٩ Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. (P < 5 %) ١٦ ١٧ ١٨ ١٩ ٢٠ ٢١ : Mutant3 Oterlo () / (,) / (, ) New Zealand Nassra. / () Douce Provence Dasargelo Nassra. / (,) Oterlo Nassra Dasargelo : / () Oterlo / () Nassra / () Oterlo Nassra Douce New Zealand Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Dasargelo.( ) Douce Provence Nassra Provence : ٦١
62 () Nassra (,) Oterlo Dasargelo (,). (,) () New Zealand Nassra.(,) Douce Provence Dasargelo () () / / : (). / () / / / ١٠٢ ٠٠ ٧ ٠٠ ٢٥ ٠٠ Mutant3 ١ ٩٥ ٣٣ ٦ ٦٧ ١٩ ٣٣ Douce Provence ٢ ٩٢ ٦٧ ٧ ٠٠ ٢٠ ٦٧ Dasargelo ٣ ١٣٨ ٦٧ ٨ ٠٠ ٢٧ ٣٣ Oterlo ٤ ١٢٣ ٦٧ ٦ ٦٧ ١٤ ٦٧ New Zealand ٥ ١٣٠ ٦٧ ٦ ٠٠ ١٤ ٠٠ Nassra ٦ ١١٣ ٠٠ ٨ ٣٣ ٢٥ ٦٧ Mutant3 Douce Provence ٧ ٩٦ ٦٧ ٧ ٠٠ ٢٦ ٣٣ Mutant3 Dasargelo ٨ ١٤٠ ٠٠ ٨ ٠٠ ٢٥ ٠٠ Mutant3 Oterlo ٩ ١٠٧ ٣٣ ٧ ٠٠ ٢٢ ٦٧ Mutant3 New Zealand ١٠ ١٣٦ ٦٧ ٨ ٠٠ ٢٠ ٠٠ Mutant3 Nassra ١١ ٨٠ ٦٧ ٧ ٦٧ ٢٩ ٠٠ Douce Provence Dasargelo ١٢ ١٣٥ ٠٠ ٨ ٦٧ ٢٠ ٦٧ Douce Provence Oterlo ١٣ ٩٥ ٠٠ ٦ ٦٧ ٢٢ ٠٠ Douce Provence New Zealand ١٤ ١٢٤ ٣٣ ٦ ٦٧ ٢٠ ٣٣ Douce Provence Nassra ١٥ ١٣١ ٦٧ ٧ ٦٧ ١٧ ٠٠ Dasargelo Oterlo ١٦ ٦٢
63 ٨٢ ٦٧ ١٤١ ٦٧ ١٤٣ ٣٣ ١٥٧ ٠٠ ١٨٥ ٠٠ ١٣ ٥٤ ٨ ٣٣ ٨ ٦٧ ٧ ٦٧ ٩ ٠٠ ٧ ٦٧ ١ ٤٤ ٢٥ ٣٣ ١٥ ٦٧ ٢٥ ٠٠ ١٥ ٦٧ ١٦ ٣٣ ٢ ٦٤ Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. (P < 5 %) ١٧ ١٨ ١٩ ٢٠ ٢١ : (,) Oterlo (,) Douce Provence Douce Provence Nassra (,) New Zealand Nassra Dasargelo New Zealand.( ) (,,) : (,) New Zealand () Oterlo Douce Nassra (,) Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand (,) Provence.( ) (,) Dasargelo New Zealand : (,) Dasargelo (,) Nassra ٦٣
64 (,) Mutant3 New Zealand.( ) (,) Douce Provence Nassra : (). / / / ٠ ٨٨ ١ ٦٧ ٨ ٠٠ Mutant3 ١ ٠ ٧٧ ١ ٦٧ ٨ ٦٧ Douce Provence ٢ ٠ ٩١ ١ ٦٧ ٨ ٥٠ Dasargelo ٣ ٠ ٨٦ ٢ ٠٠ ٩ ٣٣ Oterlo ٤ ٠ ٧٨ ١ ٥٨ ٨ ٥٠ New Zealand ٥ ٠ ٧٣ ١ ٩٢ ٨ ١٧ Nassra ٦ ٠ ٨٣ ١ ٨٣ ١٠ ٠٠ Mutant3 Douce Provence ٧ ٠ ٨٥ ١ ٨٣ ٨ ٣٣ Mutant3 Dasargelo ٨ ٠ ٨٣ ٢ ١٧ ٩ ٦٧ Mutant3 Oterlo ٩ ٠ ٨١ ١ ٥٨ ٨ ٦٧ Mutant3 New Zealand ١٠ ٠ ٨٤ ١ ٦٧ ٩ ٥٠ Mutant3 Nassra ١١ ٠ ٨٤ ١ ٦٧ ٩ ١٧ Douce Provence Dasargelo ١٢ ٠ ٩١ ١ ٩٢ ٩ ٥٠ Douce Provence Oterlo ١٣ ٠ ٧٧ ١ ٨٣ ٨ ٦٧ Douce Provence New Zealand ١٤ ٠ ٥٧ ٢ ١٦ ١١ ٦٧ Douce Provence Nassra ١٥ ٠ ٧٧ ٢ ٠٨ ١٠ ٠٠ Dasargelo Oterlo ١٦ ٦٤
65 ١ ١٨ ٠ ٩٣ ٠ ٨٤ ٠ ٩٠ ١ ٠٢ ٠ ١٦ ١ ٥٨ ٢ ٠٠ ١ ٨٣ ١ ٨٣ ١ ٧٥ ٠ ٣٨ ٧ ١٧ ٩ ٣٣ ٩ ١٧ ١٠ ٠٠ ٧ ٥٠ ٠ ٨٢ Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. (P < 5 %) ١٧ ١٨ ١٩ ٢٠ ٢١ : Douce () % () Provence % () New Zealand % () Douce Provence Dasargelo % () Dasargelo New Zealand. % (,) Oterlo Nassra : Oterlo () (,) New Zealand / (,) Mutant3 Oterlo Oterlo New Zealand /. / (,) : % () Douce Provence ٦٥
66 % (,) New Zealand. Douce % () Mutant3 Provence Mutant3 New Zealand.( ) % (,) () (%) : () (%). / % / % ٢٠ ٦٧ ٢٥٤ ٦٧ ٤٤ ٠٠ Mutant3 ١ ٣٠ ٠٠ ١٨٤ ٠٠ ٥٣ ٠٠ Douce Provence ٢ ٢١ ٥٠ ١٩١ ٦٧ ٤٠ ٠٠ Dasargelo ٣ ١٦ ١٧ ٣٤٣ ٣٣ ٣٩ ٠٠ Oterlo ٤ ١١ ٣٣ ١٨١ ٣٣ ٣٠ ٠٠ New Zealand ٥ ١٩ ٠٠ ١٩٢ ٦٧ ٤٥ ٦٧ Nassra ٦ ٢٤ ٠٠ ٢٨٦ ٠٠ ٥٤ ٠٠ Mutant3 Douce Provence ٧ ٢٠ ٦٧ ٢٦١ ٣٣ ٥١ ٦٧ Mutant3 Dasargelo ٨ ٢٣ ٠٠ ٣٥٠ ٠٠ ٤٩ ٣٣ Mutant3 Oterlo ٩ ١٢ ١٧ ٢٣٧ ٠٠ ٤٥ ٣٣ Mutant3 New Zealand ١٠ ٢٣ ٠٠ ٢٦٣ ٣٣ ٤٦ ٠٠ Mutant3 Nassra ١١ ١٧ ٦٧ ٢٣٣ ٦٧ ٥٨ ٠٠ Douce Provence Dasargelo ١٢ ١٦ ٠٠ ٢٨٠ ٠٠ ٤٩ ٦٧ Douce Provence Oterlo ١٣ ٦٦
67 ١٥ ٨٣ ١٨ ٦٧ ١٩ ٥٠ ١٤ ٦٧ ١٦ ٠٠ ١٨ ٣٣ ٢١ ٥٠ ٢٢ ٦٧ ١ ٩٠ ٢٠٨ ٣٣ ٢٥٣ ٦٧ ٢٢٤ ٠٠ ٢٠٨ ٦٧ ٢٢٢ ٠٠ ٣٥٨ ٦٧ ٢٤٦ ٠٠ ٣٠٦ ٠٠ ٤٣ ١٦ ٤٧ ٣٣ ٤٦ ٠٠ ٤٥ ٠٠ ٤٠ ٠٠ ٥٣ ٦٧ ٥١ ٣٣ ٤٤ ٣٣ ٤٦ ٦٧ ٤ ٤٩ Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. (P < 5 %) ١٤ ١٥ ١٦ ١٧ ١٨ ١٩ ٢٠ ٢١ : Douce Provence () % (,) % (,) Oterlo Mutant3 Douce Provence.% (,) : % (,) Mutant3 % (,) New Zealand New Zealand Nassra Douce Provence New Zealand.( ) % (,,) : % (,) Dasargelo New Zealand Nassra ٦٧
68 % (,,) % (,) Dasargelo New Zealand % (,) New Zealand Nassra.( ) (%) : (). / % % % ٣ ٤٧ ١٤ ١٧ ٦ ١٠ Mutant3 ١ ٣ ١٠ ١٢ ٦٧ ٨ ١٧ Douce Provence ٢ ٦ ٣٣ ١٠ ١٠ ٥ ٠٠ Dasargelo ٣ ٣ ٥٧ ١١ ٥٠ ٤ ٦٧ Oterlo ٤ ٢ ١٣ ١٣ ٣٣ ٤ ٨٣ New Zealand ٥ ٢ ٠٧ ١٣ ٠٠ ٥ ٨٠ Nassra ٦ ٤ ١٧ ١٢ ٣٣ ٨ ١٧ Mutant3 Douce Provence ٧ ٥ ٠٣ ١١ ١٧ ٦ ٣٣ Mutant3 Dasargelo ٨ ٤ ٢٧ ١١ ٥٠ ٦ ٠٠ Mutant3 Oterlo ٩ ٣ ١٧ ١٢ ٥٠ ٤ ٥٠ Mutant3 New Zealand ١٠ ٢ ٩٠ ١٢ ٦٣ ٤ ٦٧ Mutant3 Nassra ١١ ٤ ٧٠ ١٠ ٨٣ ٧ ١٧ Douce Provence Dasargelo ١٢ ٤ ٦٠ ١٠ ٥٠ ٦ ٠٠ Douce Provence Oterlo ١٣ ٢ ٩٠ ١٣ ٨٣ ٤ ٢٧ Douce Provence New Zealand ١٤ ٣ ٠٧ ١٢ ٥٠ ٥ ٥٠ Douce Provence Nassra ١٥ ٦٨
69 ٥ ٠٠ ٤ ٠٧ ٦ ٢٧ ٢ ٩٠ ٤ ٢٣ ٢ ٥٧ ٠ ٤١ ١١ ٥٠ ١١ ٦٧ ١٠ ١٧ ١٢ ١٧ ١٢ ٠٠ ١٣ ٥٠ ١ ١٢ ٦ ١٠ ٤ ٢٧ ٥ ٢٣ ٦ ٣٠ ٥ ٩٣ ٤ ٦٠ ٠ ٦٠ Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. (P < 5 %) ١٦ ١٧ ١٨ ١٩ ٢٠ ٢١ : ٢٣٣ : ١٢٣٣ () () () () % (, ~,) Mutant3 Douce Provence % (,) () % (,) Mutant3 Oterlo ~,) () () % (,.% (,) Mutant3 Oterlo % (,) Mutant3 Douce Provence : ٢٢٣٣ () () () () % (, ~,) % (, ~,) % (, ~,) : () ٦٩
70 Dasargelo Douce Provence Dasargelo Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3. : ( ) ٣٢٣٣ () () % (, ~,) % (,) Oterlo Nassra % (,) Dasargelo New Zealand % (,) Dasargelo Nassra () ( ) Overdominance () % (, ~,). % (, ~,) F 1 Dasargelo. Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence % () : (). % () H (BP) ٣ ١١ ٦ ٢٢ ٤ ١٣ ٦ ٧٣ ١١ ٩١ ٠ ٠٠ ٥ ٠١ ٠ ٠٠ ٤ ٣٧ ٢٥ ٠٠ ٣٠ ٢٩ ٣٤ ١٤ H (MP) ١٢ ١٧ ٩ ٧٣ ٩ ٣١ ١٣ ٨٨ ١٤ ٥٦ ١٣ ٠٤ ١٠ ٤ ١٦ ٨٩ ١٦ ١٦ ٢٦ ٢٤ ٣٣ ٠٣ ٣٤ ٦٢ H (BP) ١٥ ٣٦ ١٩ ٤١ ٨ ٨٢ ٣٣ ٨٣ ١٧ ٠٧ ١٥ ٣٦ ١٢ ٥٥ ٢٨ ٥٣ ٢٢ ٢٦ ١١ ٤٧ ٨ ٨٢ ١٣ ٢٤ H (MP) ١٨ ٠٦ ١٩ ٤١ ٣ ٢٧ ١٥ ٩٣ ١٠ ١ ١٨ ٠٦ ٣ ٤٩ ٧ ٣٤ ١١ ١١ ٠ ٩٢ ٥ ٧٣ ٦ ٥ H (BP) H (MP) , Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra ٧٠
71 ٢٧ ٩١ ٣٦ ٥٩ ٢٤ ٣٨ ٥ ٢٧ ٢٩ ٥٥ ٣٨ ١ ٢٧ ٩١ ٤ ٥٦ ٢ ٣٥ ٧ ٠٥ ١٣ ٥٧ ٥ ٢٥ ٠ ٠٠ ١ ٤٩ ٥ ٠٧ ٤ ٥٥ ٥ ٠١ , ٤ ٣٤ Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D.. :. : H (MP) H (BP).() :. % : : ٤٢٣٣ ( ) () ~,) () % (, () % (, ~,) () % (, ~,) Oterlo % (,,). Douce Provence : ٥٢٣٣ % (, ~,) () ( ) % (, ~,) () ٧١
72 .. : ٦٢٣٣ () () % (, ~,) % (, ~,) () % (,) Douce Provence New Zealand % (,) Mutant3 Douce Provence. : (). H (BP) ٣٣ ٢٠ ١٤ ٥٩ ١٧ ٦٧ ١٤ ٥٩ ١٤ ٥٩ ١٣ ٢٠ ٢٣ ٦٨ ٣٢ ٠٠ ١٣ ٢٠ H (MP) ٣٧ ٨٩ ١٨ ٦٧ ٢٩ ٠٧ ٢٣ ٣٣ ١٤ ٥٩ ٢١ ٢٠ ٣١ ٣٣ ٤٦ ٦٧ ١٧ ١٨ H (BP) ١٨ ٢٦ ٠ ٠٠ ٨ ٩٩ ٢٧ ٢٥ ٠ ٠٠ ١٩ ٨٢ ٤٠ ٢٤ ٢٠ ١٢ ٨ ٢٥ H (MP) ١٤ ٢٩ ٩ ٨٨ ١٩ ٧٦ ٢٣ ٧١ ٤ ١٧ ١٥ ٧٧ ٤٧ ٣٢ ٢٠ ١٢ ١٧ ٩٨ H (BP) ٢٧ ٣٠ ٤٣ ٦٨ ٣٩ ١٣ ٤٢ ٨٦ ٣٤ ٣٩ ٢٦ ٩٣ ١٨٢ ٦٨ ٤ ٥٣ ٣٨ ٣٦ H (MP) ٣١ ٠٨ ٤٢ ٩٨ ٣٨ ١٦ ٥٤ ١٣ ٦٣ ٠٨ ٢٣ ٨٦ ١٨٦ ٥٥ ٩ ٦٩ ٢٦ ٩٦ Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra ٧٢
73 ١٧ ٦٧ ٣٠ ٤٢ ٦ ٨٧ ١١ ٦٦ ٢٣ ٣٢ ١٤ ١٦ ٠ ٦٤ ٦ ٨٠ ٣٥ ٧٣ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٢ ١٥ ٨٩ ٧ ٦٢ ٠ ٥٦ ٣٣ ٣٣ ٣٠ ٠٣ ٤١ ٧٥ ٩ ٩١ ١٦ ٧٥ ٨ ٢٥ ٠ ٩٦ ٣٣ ٣٣ ٣٦ ٥٩ ٣٣ ٣٤ ٥ ٣٦ ٤ ٨٦ ١٧ ٩٨ ٠ ٨٨ ٣٢ ٠١ ١٦ ٠٢ ٩ ٧٩ ١٦ ٣٨ ٦١ ٣٧ ١٧ ٤٦ ١٠ ١٩ ٣٠ ٠٩ ٢٦ ٦١ ٣٤ ٥٢ ١١ ١١ ٩٣ ٣٤ ٦ ١٧ ٨ ٨٣ Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D.. : H (MP). : H (BP). :.% : : ٧٢٣٣ () () % (, ~,) () % (, ~,) : Douce Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Mutant3 Douce Provence New Zealand New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Dasargelo Provence Dasargelo New Zealand Douce Provence. ٧٣
74 : ٨٢٣٣ () ( ) % (, ~,). () % (, ~,) (). : ٩٢٣٣ () () () () % (, ~,).% (, ~,) % (, ~,) () New Zealand Nassra % (,). : (). () H (BP) ١٠ ٧٨ ٥ ٢٣ ٠ ٩٦ ١٣ ٢١ ٤ ٥٩ ١٥ ٣٨ ٢ ٦٥ ٢٣ ١٨ ٤ ٨٥ ٥ ٠٥ H (MP) ١٤ ٥٣ ٠ ٦٨ ١٦ ٣٤ ٤ ٨٨ ١٧ ٤٨ ١٤ ١٨ ١٥ ٣٩ ١٣ ٢٤ ١٠ ٠٣ ١٣ ٨٣ H (BP) ١٩ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٠ ١٤ ٢٩ ٩ ٥٧ ٨ ٣٨ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٠ ٤ ١٣ H (MP) ٢١ ٨٧ ٠ ٠٠ ٦ ٦٧ ٢ ٤١ ٢٣ ٠٨ ١٢ ٢٢ ١٨ ٢٠ ٠ ٠٠ ٥ ٢٩ ٢ ٢٧ H (BP) ٢ ٦٨ ٥ ٣٢ ٨ ٥٣ ٩ ٣٢ ٢٠ ٠٠ ٤٠ ٣٠ ٢٤ ٣٧ ١٣ ٨١ ٥ ١٧ ٣٧ ٨ H (MP) ١٥ ٨١ ١٥ ٣١ ٤ ٤٥ ١٤ ٢٩ ٢ ٥٦ ٤٥ ٠٠ ١١ ٤٠ ٢٩ ٤١ ٢١ ٩٩ ٢٩ ١٧ Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo ١ ٢ ٣ ٤ ٥ ٦ ٧ ٨ ٩ ١٠ ٧٤
75 ٣٣ ١٥ ٨ ٤٢ ٣ ٣٦ ١٣ ٢٢ ٤١ ٥٨ ١٣ ٥٤ ٢٣ ٥٧ ٢٦ ٨٧ ٩ ٢٧ ١٦ ٥٨ ٤٥ ٤٨ ١١ ٧٣ ١٩ ٠٠ ٢٣ ٨٦ ٥ ٠٠ ١٢ ٥ ١٤ ٩٩ ١ ٤٤ ٢١ ٨٧ ٣٣ ٣٩ ٤ ٥٧ ٢٨ ٥٧ ٢١ ٠٧ ١ ٢٥ ٢٢ ٥٥ ٢٤ ١٩ ٨ ٥٣ ٤٢ ٦٦ ١١ ٣٢ ٢ ٦٤ ٤٣ ٣٥ ٩ ٦١ ١٩ ٠٥ ٢٤ ١٧ ١٣ ٩٢ ٢ ٢٩ Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. ١١ ١٢ ١٣ ١٤ ١٥. : H (MP). : H (BP). :.% : : ١٠٢٣٣ () (). % (, ~,) () ( ) % (, ~,) Douce Provence Nassra. : ١١٢٣ ( ) % ( ~,) () () % (, ~ ).Douce Provence Nassra : ١٢٢٣٣ () ( ) % (, ~,) () ( ) (, ~,) () New Zealand Nassra %. : (). ٧٥
76 H (BP) ٥ ٦٨ ٦ ٥٩ ٥ ٦٨ ٧ ٩٦ ٤ ٥٥ ٧ ٦٩ ٥ ٨١ ١ ٢٨ ٢٩ ٨٧ ١٥ ٣٩ ٢٩ ٦٧ ٢ ٢٠ ٢ ٣٣ ٤ ٦٥ ٣٠ ٧٧ ٠ ١٦ H (MP) ٠ ٦١ ٥ ٠٣ ٤ ٦٠ ٢ ٤١ ٤ ٣٥ ٠ ٠٠ ١١ ٦٦ ٠ ٦٥ ٢٨ ٠٠ ١٢ ٩٩ ٣٩ ٦٥ ١٣ ٤٢ ٢ ٤٤ ١٣ ٢١ ٣٥ ١ ٠ ١٤ H (BP) ٩ ٥٨ ٩ ٥٨ ٨ ٥٠ ٥ ٣٩ ١٣ ٠٢ ٠ ٠٠ ٤ ٠٠ ٩ ٥٨ ١٢ ٥٠ ٤ ٠٠ ٥ ٣٩ ٤ ١٧ ٨ ٥٠ ٨ ٥٠ ٨ ٨٥ ٠ ٣٨ H (MP) ٩ ٥٨ ٩ ٥٨ ١٧ ٩٤ ٣ ٠٧ ٧ ٢٢ ٠ ٠٠ ٤ ٣٥ ١٢ ٢٧ ٢٠ ٠٠ ١٣ ٠٤ ٣ ٠٧ ١١ ١١ ٢ ٢٤ ٦ ٦٣ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٣٣ H (BP) ١٥ ٣٤ ٢ ٠٠ ٣ ٦٤ ٢ ٠٠ ١٦ ٢٨ ٥ ٧٧ ١ ٨٢ ٠ ٠٠ ٣٤ ٦ ٧ ١٨ ١٥ ٦٥ ٩ ٧٧ ١ ٧٢ ٧ ١٨ ١١ ٧٧ ٠ ٨٢ H (MP) ١٩ ٩ ٠ ٩٧ ١١ ٥٣ ٥ ٠٩ ١٧ ٤٣ ٦ ٧٥ ٥ ٥٦ ٠ ٩٣ ٣٨ ٦ ١٢ ١١ ١٥ ٦٥ ١١ ٨٧ ٢ ٨٠ ١٤ ٢٩ ١٠ ٠٧ ٠ ٧١ Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. ١ ٢ ٣ ٤ ٥ ٦ ٧ ٨ ٩ ١٠ ١١ ١٢ ١٣ ١٤ ١٥. :. : H (MP) H (BP). :.% : : ١٣٢٣٣ () (21) () () % (, ~,) % (, ~,) () % (, ~,) (). Oterlo New Zealand : ١٤٢٣٣ ( ) % (, ~,).% (,) New Zealand Nassra () ٧٦
77 (). : ١٥٢٣٣ () () % (, ~,),) () Mutant3 Nassra Mutant3 Oterlo : % (, ~ New Zealand Nassra Oterlo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand. : (). H (BP) ٢٠ ٠٠ ٣ ٨٦ ١١ ٢٧ ٤١ ١٢ ١١ ٢٧ ٤١ ١٠ ٤٦ ٦٧ ٤٧ ٢٣ ٣٧ ٧٧ ٩ ٣٠ H (MP) ٥ ٢٧ ١ ٩٧ ٢٤ ٨٦ ٢٣ ٩٤ ١٥ ٩٦ ٣١ ٣٨ ٣٠ ٦٩ ٢٣ ٤٠ ٢٣ ٨٠ ٣ ٥٣ H (BP) ١٢ ٣٠ ٢ ٦٢ ١ ٩٤ ٦ ٩٤ ٣ ٤٠ ٢١ ٩١ ١٨ ٤٥ ١٣ ٢٢ ٣١ ٦٦ ٣٤ ٧٦ H (MP) ٣٠ ٣٩ ١٧ ١٠ ١٧ ٠٦ ٨ ٧٢ ١٧ ٧٣ ٢٤ ٤٠ ٦ ٢٠ ١٤ ٠٥ ٣٤ ٦٩ ١٦ ٢٦ H (BP) ١ ٨٩ ١٧ ٤٣ ١٢ ١١ ٣ ٠٢ ٠ ٧٢ ٩ ٤٣ ٦ ٢٨ ١٠ ٧ ١٣ ٢١ ١٢ ٥٠ H (MP) ١١ ٣٤ ٢٣ ٠٢ ١٨ ٨٧ ٢٢ ٥١ ٢ ٦٠ ٢٤ ٧٣ ٧ ٩٨ ١٤ ٠٥ ٦ ٧٦ ١٣ ٩٢ Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo ١ ٢ ٣ ٤ ٥ ٦ ٧ ٨ ٩ ١٠ ٧٧
78 ٣١ ٧٧ ٢٥ ٥٨ ١٣ ٣٦ ١٣ ١٦ ١٩ ١٤ ١ ٩٠ ١٠ ٦٣ ٢٠ ٩٩ ٣٣ ٣١ ٢٢ ٢٦ ٤٩ ٤٩ ١ ٦٤ ٨ ٨٧ ١٥ ٢٢ ٤ ٤٧ ٢٨ ٣٥ ٥٨ ٨٢ ٤٣ ١٥ ١١ ٨٩ ١٥ ٥٢ ٣٦ ٧٣ ٨ ٢١ ٦٣ ٦٤ ٣٧ ٣٧ ٠ ٠٠ ١٧ ٥٢ ٣١ ٦٢ ٢ ٩٣ ٢ ١٩ ٤ ٤٩ ١٤ ٢٩ ٢٥ ٣٠ ٤٨ ٧٨ ٤ ٧١ ٢٣ ٣٥ ٣ ٨٩ Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. ١١ ١٢ ١٣ ١٤ ١٥. : H (MP). : H (BP). :.% : : ١٦٢٣٣ () () (٢٢) % (, ~,) () % (, ~,) Oterlo Mutant3 Dasargelo Oterlo Nassra : () Oterlo Oterlo New Zealand Dasargelo. : ١٧٢٣٣ ٧٨
79 () () % (, ~,).% (, ~,) () () ( ) % (, ~,) Douce Provence Oterlo. : ١٨٢٣٣ % ( ~,) () ( ) % (, ~,). () Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Oterlo Oterlo Nassra : Douce Provence Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Oterlo. : (). H (BP) H (MP) H (BP) H (MP) H (BP) H (MP) ٢٠ ١٧ ٢٦ ٩٤ ٢ ٦٨ ٨ ١٢ ٠ ٠٠ ١٤ ٥١ Mutant3 Douce Provence ١ ٢٠ ٥٤ ٢ ٦٥ ١٠ ٥٩ ٧ ٩٥ ٣ ٧٧ ١٤ ٠٥ Mutant3 Dasargelo ٢ ١٩ ٦١ ٢١ ٣١ ٠ ٠٠ ١٠ ٤٠ ١ ٦٤ ١١ ٤٢ Mutant3 Oterlo ٣ ٨ ٦٥ ١٣ ٢١ ٦ ٢٣ ٩ ١٠ ٢٦ ٢٣ ١٧ ٦٦ Mutant3 New Zealand ٤ ١٦ ٤٣ ٤ ٦٩ ٢ ٨٥ ٧ ٠٣ ٢٣ ٤٤ ٢١ ٥١ Mutant3 Nassra ٥ ٧٩
80 ٢٥ ٧٥ ٢٨ ٨٥ ٦ ٤٥ ٠ ٩٧ ٢١ ٠١ ٣٥ ٧٠ ٠ ٩٥ ١٨ ٧٧ ١٨ ٤٩ ٢٠ ٦٦ ٠ ٤٠ ٠ ٣٢ ٣٧ ٩٣ ١٠ ٩٠ ١٨ ٧٦ ١ ٠١ ٣ ٧٨ ٤٩ ٢٩ ١ ٧٥ ٥٠ ٠٠ ٢٢ ٣٨ ٠ ٣٥ ٧ ٢٣ ٨ ٧٠ ٩ ١٦ ١ ٣٤ ١٣ ٨٦ ١٥ ٥٥ ٠ ٦٩ ٥ ٨٣ ٤ ٣٥ ٣ ٨٥ ١ ١٢ ٤ ٨٨ ١٣ ١٢ ٦ ٣٩ ٢ ٦١ ٦ ٤٨ ٠ ٣٨ ١١ ٩٥ ١ ٩٧ ٢ ٠٤ ٢ ٥٥ ٠ ٩٧ ١٢ ٢٤ ٢٦ ٥٦ ٤٧ ٧٤ ٣٢ ٦٨ ٢٢ ٠٠ ١٤ ٦٠ ٩ ٨٣ ٣٠ ٤٤ ٢ ٢٤ ٢٠ ٦٩ ٠ ٦٠ ٨ ٨٨ ٦ ٥٤ ٣٤ ٣١ ٢١ ٢٦ ٢٦ ١٦ ١٣ ١٢ ٣ ١٥ ٣٢ ٦٣ ١٣ ٢٨ ١٣ ٤٥ ٠ ٥٢ Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra L.S.D. ٦ ٧ ٨ ٩ ١٠ ١١ ١٢ ١٣ ١٤ ١٥. : H (MP). : H (BP) :. ().% :. ( ) (Upadhyaya & Rasmusson, 1967) ٨٠
81 (١٩٧١) Varenista et al. (١٩٧٠) Nettevich and Sceglova.. (Singh et al., 1975 ; Sarawat et al., 1994) : ٣٣٣ () () F 1. : (١٩٥٦) Griffing F 1 ١ ( ). ٢. ١٣٣٣ نتاي ج : ( ~ ) () ) (Griffing, 1956). (% : ١١٣٣٣ Dasargelo Douce Provence Mutant3 () () Oterlo ٨١
82 F 1.( ) : ٢١٣٣٣ Dasargelo Douce Provence Mutant3 ( ) (F 1 ). : ٣١٣٣٣ Nassra Dasargelo Douce Provence ( ) F 1..( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ + ٦٥ ٤٤ + ٦٨ ٠٦ + ٦٥ ٩٤ g j g i ٣ ٠٨ ٠ ٤٦ ٢ ٥٨ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٨٢
83 + ٦٧ ٩٤ ٧٣ ١٩ ٧٠ ٥٦ ++ ٥٤ ٠٠ ++ ٥٨ ٠٠ ++ ٦١ ٠٠ ٧٥ ٠٠ ++++ ٦٧ ٠٠ ٦٦ ٠٠ ٦٩ ٠٠ ٧٩ ٠٠ ++++ ٦٧ ٩٩ ٦٨ ٠٠ ++++ ٦٩ ٠٠ ٧٢ ٠٠ ++++ ٦٨ ٠٠ ++++ ٦٧ ٠٠ ٨٠ ٠٠ ١٠ ٩٨ ٤ ٨٦ ٣ ٨٦ ٤ ٨٩ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٥٢ ١ ٥٢ ٦ ٢٧ ٢ ١١ ٢ ٦٤ ١ ٦١ ٤ ٠٢ ٤ ٦١ ٢ ٩٨ ٤ ٧٧ 0.46 ٢ ٥٨ ٠ ٥٨ ٤ ٦٧ ٢ ٠٤ ٢ ٥٨ ٠ ٥٨ ٤ ٦٧ ٢ ٠٤ ٠ ٥٨ ٤ ٦٧ ٢ ٠٤ ٤ ٦٧ ٢ ٠٤ ٢ ٠٤ ٠ ٥٨ ٤ ٦٧ ٢ ٠٤ ٣ ٠٨ ٣ ٠٨ ٣ ٠٨ ٣ ٠٨ ٣ ٠٨ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ٤٦ ٢ ٥٨ ٢ ٥٨ ٢ ٥٨ ٠ ٥٨ ٠ ٥٨ ٤ ٦٧ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ ٦٨ ٥٢ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM).() +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (86.283) F(SCA) = (٢٧ ٤٥٥).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ + ١١٧ ٥٥ + ١١٢ ٩٧ + ١١٣ ٨٤ g j g i ٧ ٢٤ ١١ ٨٢ ١٠ ٩٥ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٨٣
84 ١٣٢ ٣٩ ١٤٠ ٣٩ ١٣١ ٦ ++ ٨٩ ٩٨ ++ ٩١ ٣٢ ++++ ١٢٣ ٣٢ ١٥١ ٦٧ ١٣٢ ٦٧ ++ ٨٩ ٩٩ ++++ ١١٩ ٦٧ ١٣٦ ٦٧ ١٣٠ ٠٠ ١٢٦ ٣٣ ++++ ١٢٣ ٣٣ ١٢٨ ٣٣ +++ ١٤٥ ٠٠ +++ ١٣٦ ٦٧ +++ ١٤٥ ٠٠ ١٥ ٧٥ ١٥ ٢٨ ١ ٨٣ ١٨ ٥٢ ٨ ٣١ ١٢ ٠٣ ٠ ٩٠ ٨ ١٠ ١٠ ٢٢ ٤ ٨٩ ٦ ١١ ٧ ٦٨ ٢ ٩٩ ٢ ٥٣ ٢ ٢٠ ١١ ٨٢ ١٠ ٩٥ ٧ ٦٠ ١٥ ٦٠ ٦ ٨١ ١٠ ٩٥ ٧ ٦٠ ١٥ ٦ ٦ ٨١ ٧ ٦٠ ١٥ ٦ ٦ ٨١ ١٥ ٦ ٦ ٨١ ٦ ٨١ ٧ ٦٠ ١٥ ٦٠ ٦ ٨١ ٧ ٢٤ ٧ ٢٤ ٧ ٢٤ ٧ ٢٤ ٧ ٢٤ ١١ ٨٢ ١١ ٨٢ ١١ ٨٢ ١١ ٨٢ ١٠ ٩٥ ١٠ ٩٥ ١٠ ٩٥ ٧ ٦٠ ٧ ٦٠ ١٥ ٦ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ ١٢٤ ٧٩ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM).() +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = ( ) F(SCA) = ( ).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ٥٩ ٩٤ + ٥٤ ٠٦ + ٥٧ ٢٧ g j g i ٢ ٤٦ ٣ ٤٢ ٠ ٢١ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٨٤
85 ٥٨ ٥٧ ٥٩ ٤٤ + ٥٥ ٦ ++++ ٥٢ ١ ٦٠ ٧٧ ٦٢ ١١ +++ ٦٠ ٤٤ ++++ ٥٧ ١٠ ++ ٥٣ ٧٦ ٥٦ ٤٤ ++++ ٥٣ ٧٦ ++ ٥١ ٤٣ ++++ ٥٢ ٤٤ ++++ ٤٨ ٧٧ ++ ٤٥ ٤٣ +++ ٥٢ ١١ ++++ ٤٣ ٧٧ ++++ ٥٢ ١٠ ٤ ٤٢ ١ ٠٤ ١ ٠٨ ١ ٤٦ ٠ ٩٦ ٠ ٠٩ ١ ٢٩ ٢ ٢٦ ٠ ٧٥ ٥ ٩٢ ١٠ ٤٦ ٩ ٩٦ ٨ ٤٢ ١٢ ٩٢ ٥ ٤٦ ٣ ٤٢ ٠ ٢١ ١ ٠٩ ١ ٩٦ ١ ٨٨ ٠ ٢١ ١ ٠٩ ١ ٩٦ ١ ٨٨ ١ ٠٩ ١ ٩٦ ١ ٨٨ ١ ٩٦ ١ ٨٨ ١ ٨٨ ١ ٠٩ ١ ٩٦ ١ ٨٨ ٢ ٤٦ ٢ ٤٦ ٢ ٤٦ ٢ ٤٦ ٢ ٤٦ ٣ ٢٤ ٣ ٢٤ ٣ ٢٤ ٣ ٢٤ ٠ ٢١ ٠ ٢١ ٠ ٢١ ١ ٠٩ ١ ٠٩ ١ ٩٦ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ ٥٧ ٤٨ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM).() +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (42.264) F(SCA) = (,) : ٤١٣٣٣ : () () Nassra Oterlo Douce Provence. : ٥١٣٣٣ () New Zealand Oterlo Douce Provence Nassra ٨٥
86 F 1. : ٦١٣٣٣ Oterlo Douce Provence Mutant3 (). : ٧١٣٣٣ Oterlo Dasargelo Douce Provence Mutant3 (F 1 ) (). : ٨١٣٣٣ Oterlo Dasargelo F 1.( ) : ٩١٣٣٣ ( ) Nassra New Zealand Oterlo : ()..(/ ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ٩٨ ٠٠ + ١٠٩ ٥٩ ٨٥ ٢٩ g j g i ٩ ٠٣ ٢ ٥٦ ٢١ ٧٤ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٨٦
87 + ١١٤ ٠٨ ١٠٣ ٧٥ + ١٣١ ٤٦ ++++ ١١٠ ٣٣ ٤٥ ٩٩ ٥١ ٢٧ +++ ١٣٦ ٦٦ ++++ ١٦٩ ٣٣ ٦٣ ٣٣ ++ ٢٤٥ ٠٠ ١٠٠ ٠٠ ٧٧ ٦٧ ٥٧ ٣٢ +++ ١١٠ ٩٩ ++++ ١٣٨ ٣٣ ٧٩ ٩٩ ++ ٢٠٣ ٣٣ ١٠٣ ٩٩ ٩ ٧٧ ٣٠ ٢٧ ٥٣ ٧٨ ٤١ ٩٤ ٤٦ ٩٠ ٢٤ ٥٢ ١٢٨ ٣٦ ٦ ٣١ ٥٦ ٣٥ ٣٥ ٠٢ ٢٨ ٩٨ ٢٨ ٦١ ٣٠ ٨١ ٦٤ ٨٢ ٢٤ ١٩ ٢ ٥٦ ٢١ ٧٤ ٧ ٠٥ ٣ ٢٨ ٢٤ ٤٣ ٢١ ٧٤ ٧ ٠٥ ٣ ٢٨ ٢٤ ٤٣ ٧ ٠٥ ٣ ٢٨ ٢٤ ٤٣ ٣ ٢٨ ٢٤ ٤٣ ٢٤ ٤٣ ٧ ٠٥ ٣ ٢٨ ٢٤ ٤٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٢ ٥٦ ٢ ٥٦ ٢ ٥٦ ٢ ٥٦ ٢١ ٧٤ ٢١ ٧٤ ٢١ ٧٤ ٧ ٠٥ ٧ ٠٥ ٣ ٢٨ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ ١٠٧ ٠٣ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = ( ) F(SCA) = ( ).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ٣ ٥٣ + ٣ ٦٢ ٣ ٣٢ g j g i ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٢٤ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٨٧
88 + ٣ ٥٧ + ٣ ٥٧ + ٣ ٦٧ ٣ ٠٠ +++ ٣ ٦٧ ++++ ٤ ٠٠ ٢ ٦٧ ++++ ٤ ٠٢ ٢ ٦٧ ++ ٤ ٦٧ ++ ٤ ٠٠ ++ ٤ ٣٦ ++++ ٤ ٠٠ ++++ ٤ ٣٣ ٢ ٣٥ ٣ ٠٠ ٣ ٣٥ ++ ٤ ٣٥ ٠ ٥٩ ٠ ٣٨ ٠ ٤٥ ٠ ٨٧ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٧١ ١ ٠٤ ٠ ٣٧ ٠ ٥٤ ٠ ٦٧ ١ ٠٠ ١ ١٧ ٠ ٥٨ ٠ ٤٢ ٠ ٥٨ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٢٤ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٢٤ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٢٤ ٠ ٢٤ ٠ ٢٤ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٠١ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ ٣ ٥٦ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (0.147) NS F(SCA) = (0.516).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ + ٢ ٦٦ + ٢ ٩٧ ٢ ٥١ g j g i ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٣٤ ٠ ١٢ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٨٨
89 + ٢ ٦٨ ٢ ٥٣ ٢ ٤٣ ++ ٣ ٣٨ ++++ ٢ ٧١ ++ ٣ ٢٧ ++++ ٢ ٧٢ ++++ ٢ ٧٢ ++++ ٢ ٨٧ ++ ٣ ٥٥ ++++ ٣ ٣٥ ++++ ٢ ٨٨ ٢ ٣٧ +++ ٢ ٨٧ ٢ ٢١ ٢ ٥٤ ٢ ٢١ ١ ٨٩ ٠ ٣٨ ٠ ١٧ ٠ ٥٦ ٠ ١٦ ٠ ٢٦ ٠ ٠٢ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ١١ ٠ ١٩ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٢٧ ٠ ٤٤ ٠ ٣٤ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٢٠ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٣٤ ٠ ٣٤ ٠ ٣٤ ٠ ٣٤ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ١٠ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ ٢ ٦٣ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (0.288) F(SCA) = (0.147).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ + ٢٣ ٨٨ + ٢٢ ٢١ + ٢٢ ٠٠ g j g i ٢ ٥٦ ٠ ٨٩ ٠ ٦٨ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٨٩
90 + ٢٢ ٤٢ ٢٠ ٢٥ ١٧ ١٧ ++ ٢٥ ٦٨ ++ ٢٦ ٣٤ ++ ٢٥ ٠١ ٢٢ ٦٨ ++++ ٢٠ ٠١ ++ ٢٩ ٠٠ ٢٠ ٦٨ ++++ ٢٢ ٠٠ ++++ ٢٠ ٣٤ ١٧ ٠٠ ++++ ٢٥ ٣٣ ١٥ ٦٧ ++++ ٢٥ ٠١ ١٥ ٦٨ +++ ١٦ ٣٤ ٠ ٩١ ١ ٧٨ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ٢٨ ٦ ١١ ٢ ٦٣ ٠ ٨٦ ٢ ٢٨ ٦ ١٠ ٤ ٤٠ ٢ ١٨ ٣ ٦٦ ٢ ٥٩ ٠ ٢٤ ٠ ٨٩ ٠ ٦٨ ١ ١٠ ١ ٠٧ ٤ ١٥ ٠ ٦٨ ١ ١٠ ١ ٠٧ ٤ ١٥ ١ ١٠ ١ ٠٧ ٤ ١٥ ١ ٠٧ ٤ ١٥ ٤ ١٥ ١ ١٠ ١ ٠٧ ٤ ١٥ ٢ ٥٦ ٢ ٥٦ ٢ ٥٦ ٢ ٥٦ ٢ ٥٦ ٠ ٨٩ ٠ ٨٩ ٠ ٨٩ ٠ ٨٩ ٠ ٦٨ ٠ ٦٨ ٠ ٦٨ ١ ١٠ ١ ١٠ ١ ٠٧ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ ٢١ ٣٢ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (43.805) F(SCA) = (12.789).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ٧ ٤٨ ٧ ٣٩ + ٧ ٦٤ g j g i ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ٠٧ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٩٠
91 + ٨ ٠٧ ٧ ٢٨ ٧ ٤٤ +++ ٨ ٣٣ ٧ ٠٠ ٨ ٠٠ ٧ ٠٠ +++ ٧ ٩٩ ++++ ٧ ٦٧ ++++ ٨ ٦٧ ٦ ٦٧ ٦ ٦٧ ٧ ٦٧ ++++ ٨ ٣٣ ++++ ٨ ٦٧ ٧ ٦٧ ++++ ٩ ٠٠ +++ ٧ ٦٧ ١ ٠٣ ٠ ٥٥ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٢٢ ٠ ٦١ ٠ ٢٤ ٠ ٧٨ ٠ ٤٣ ٠ ٥٩ ٠ ٤٧ ٠ ٩٨ ١ ١٦ ٠ ١٤ ١ ٠٣ ٠ ٤٩ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ٠٧ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ٢٦ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٠٧ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ٢٦ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ٢٦ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٢٦ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ٢٦ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ٠٧ ٠ ٠٧ ٠ ٠٧ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ٢٦ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ ٧ ٥٤ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (0.636) F(SCA) = (0.668).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ١١٤ ٩٠ ١٠٧ ٥٣ ١٠٥ ٠٣ g j g i ٦ ٦٧ ١٤ ٠٤ ١٦ ٥٤ ١٢١ ٥٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٩١
92 + ١٣٨ ٢٤ ١٦ ٦٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ Oterlo + ١٢٢ ٧٨ ١ ٢١ ١٢١ ٥٧ New Zealand ++ ١٤٠ ٩٥ ١٩ ٣٨ ١٢١ ٥٧ Nassra +++ ١١٣ ٠٠ ١٢ ١٤ ١٤ ٠٤ ٦ ٦٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ Mutant3 Douce Provence ٩٦ ٦٦ ١ ٧٠ ١٦ ٥٤ ٦ ٦٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ Mutant3 Dasargelo ++++ ١٤٠ ٠٠ ٨ ٤٣ ١٦ ٦٧ ٦ ٦٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ Mutant3 Oterlo ١٠٧ ٣٣ ٨ ٧٨ ١ ٢١ ٦ ٦٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ Mutant3 New Zealand ++++ ١٣٦ ٦٧ ٢ ٣٩ ١٩ ٣٨ ٦ ٦٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ Mutant3 Nassra ٨٠ ٦٧ ١٠ ٣٢ ١٦ ٥٤ ١٤ ٠٤ ١٢١ ٥٧ Douce Provence Dasargelo ++++ ١٣٥ ٠٠ ١٠ ٨٠ ١٦ ٦٧ ١٤ ٠٤ ١٢١ ٥٧ Douce Provence Oterlo ٩٥ ٠٠ ١٣ ٧٨ ١ ٢١ ١٤ ٠٤ ١٢١ ٥٧ Douce Provence New Zealand ١٢٤ ٣٣ ٢ ٥٨ ١٩ ٣٨ ١٤ ٠٤ ١٢١ ٥٧ Douce Provence Nassra ++++ ١٣١ ٦٧ ٩ ٩٧ ١٦ ٦٧ ١٦ ٥٤ ١٢١ ٥٧ Dasargelo Oterlo ٨٢ ٦٧ ٢٣ ٥٧ ١ ٢١ ١٦ ٥٤ ١٢١ ٥٧ Dasargelo New Zealand ++++ ١٤١ ٦٧ ١٧ ٢٦ ١٩ ٣٨ ١٦ ٥٤ ١٢١ ٥٧ Dasargelo Nassra ++ ١٤٣ ٣٣ ٣ ٨٨ ١ ٢١ ١٦ ٦٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ Oterlo New Zealand ١٥٧ ٠٠ ٠ ٦٢ ١٩ ٣٨ ١٦ ٦٧ ١٢١ ٥٧ Oterlo Nassra ++ ١٨٥ ٠٠ ٤٢ ٨٤ ١٩ ٣٨ ١ ٢١ ١٢١ ٥٧ New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = ( ) F(SCA) = ( ) : ١٠١٣٣٣ Nassra Oterlo Douce Provence () (). : ١١١٣٣٣ Nassra Oterlo (). ٩٢
93 . : ١٢١٣٣٣ Dasargelo : () New Zealand Oterlo.( ) : ١٣١٣٣٣ Nassra Dasargelo Douce Provence Mutant3.( ) : ١٤١٣٣٣ : () ( ) Oterlo Mutant3..( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ٨ ٩٠ + ٩ ٤٣ ٨ ٧٦ g j g i ٠ ١٣ ٠ ٤٠ ٠ ٢٧ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٩٣
94 + ٩ ٥١ ٨ ٤١ + ٩ ١٨ ++++ ١٠ ٠٠ ٨ ٣٣ ++++ ٩ ٦٧ +++ ٨ ٦٨ ++++ ٩ ٥١ ++++ ٩ ١٨ ٩ ٥١ ٨ ٦٨ ++ ١١ ٦٨ ++++ ١٠ ٠١ ٧ ١٨ ++++ ٩ ٣٤ ++++ ٩ ١٨ ++ ١٠ ٠١ ٧ ٥١ ٠ ٧٠ ٠ ٣٠ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٤٠ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ٠٢ ٠ ٤٠ ٠ ١٣ ٢ ١٠ ٠ ٧٧ ٠ ٩٦ ٠ ٤٣ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٣٥ ١ ٠٥ ٠ ٤٠ ٠ ٢٧ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٦٢ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ٢٧ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٦٢ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٦٢ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ٦٢ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٦٢ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ٤٠ ٠ ٤٠ ٠ ٤٠ ٠ ٤٠ ٠ ٢٧ ٠ ٢٧ ٠ ٢٧ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٦٢ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ ٩ ٠٣ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (1.386) F(SCA) = (0.87).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ١ ٧٨ + ١ ٨٢ ١ ٧٩ g j g i ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٣ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٩٤
95 + ١ ٩٦ ١ ٦٩ + ١ ٨٨ ++++ ١ ٨٣ +++ ١ ٨٣ ++++ ٢ ١٧ ١ ٥٨ ١ ٦٧ ١ ٦٧ ١ ٩٢ ++++ ١ ٨٣ ++ ٢ ١٦ ++++ ٢ ٠٨ ١ ٥٨ ++++ ٢ ٠٠ ++++ ١ ٨٣ ١ ٨٣ ١ ٧٤ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ٠٨ ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٠٧ ٠ ١٧ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ١٤ ٠ ٢٨ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ٠٨ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ١٩ ٠ ٠١ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ١٤ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ١٤ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ١٤ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ١٤ ٠ ١٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٠ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ١٤ ٠ ١٤ ٠ ١٣ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ ١ ٨٢ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (0. 066) F(SCA) = (0.024) NS.( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ٠ ٨٥ ٠ ٧٩ + ٠ ٩١ g j g i ٠ ٠٠٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٩٥
96 + ٠ ٨٥ + ٠ ٨٨ ٠ ٨٢ +++ ٠ ٨٣ ٠ ٨٦ ٠ ٨٣ ٠ ٨١ +++ ٠ ٨٤ ٠ ٨٥ ++++ ٠ ٩١ ٠ ٧٧ ٠ ٥٧ ٠ ٧٧ ++ ١ ١٩ ++++ ٠ ٩٣ ٠ ٨٤ ++++ ٠ ٩٠ ++++ ١ ٠٢ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ٠٢ ٠ ٠٧ ٠ ٠٢ ٠ ٠٠٥ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ١٩ ٠ ١٤ ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٠٨ ٠ ١٧ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٠٤ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٠٤ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٠٤ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٠٤ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٠٣ ٠ ٠٠٣ ٠ ٠٠٣ ٠ ٠٠٣ ٠ ٠٠٣ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٠٠٤ ٠ ٠٠٤ ٠ ٠٣ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (0.0135) F(SCA) = (0.0138).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ + ٤٧ ٦٣ + ٥٠ ٩٦ + ٤٦ ٨٨ g j g i ٠ ٩٦ ٤ ٢٩ ٠ ٢١ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٩٦
97 ٤٥ ٥٤ ٤٢ ١٧ + ٤٦ ٨٤ ++ ٥٤ ٠٠ ++ ٥١ ٦٨ ++++ ٤٩ ٣٣ ++++ ٤٥ ٣٤ ٤٦ ٠٥ ++ ٥٨ ٠٠ ٤٩ ٦٧ ++++ ٤٧ ٣٣ ٤٦ ٠٠ ٤٥ ٠٠ ٤٠ ٠٠ ++ ٥٣ ٦٨ +++ ٥١ ٣٣ ٤٤ ٣٣ ++++ ٤٦ ٦٨ ٢ ٠٨ ٣ ٨٤ ٢ ٨٣ ٢ ٢١ ١ ٧٥ ٦ ٨٣ ٠ ١٦ ٠ ٨٧ ٥ ١٣ ٠ ٧٥ ٢ ٣٨ ٦ ٦٣ ١٠ ٢٩ ١ ٣٨ ٤ ٣٤ ٤ ٢٩ ٠ ٢١ ١ ١٣ ٤ ٥٠ ٠ ١٧ ٠ ٢١ ١ ١٣ ٤ ٥٠ ٠ ١٧ ١ ١٣ ٤ ٥٠ ٠ ١٧ ٤ ٥٠ ٠ ١٧ ٠ ١٧ ١ ١٣ ٤ ٥٠ ٠ ١٧ ٠ ٩٦ ٠ ٩٦ ٠ ٩٦ ٠ ٩٦ ٠ ٩٦ ٤ ٢٩ ٤ ٢٩ ٤ ٢٩ ٤ ٢٩ ٠ ٢١ ٠ ٢١ ٠ ٢١ ١ ١٣ ١ ١٣ ٤ ٥٠ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (65.493) F(SCA) = (30.114).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ + ٢٦٩ ٨٤ ٢٣٥ ١٧ ٢٢٣ ٠٩ g j g i ١٨ ١١ ١٦ ٥٦ ٢٨ ٦٤ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٩٧
98 + ٢٩٩ ٦٣ ٤٧ ٩٠ Oterlo ٢٤١ ٦٣ ١٠ ١٠ New Zealand ٢٤١ ٠١ ١٠ ٧٢ Nassra ++++ ٢٨٥ ٩٩ ٣٢ ٧١ ١٦ ٥٦ ١٨ ١١ Mutant3 Douce Provence ++++ ٢٦١ ٣٣ ٢٠ ١٣ ٢٨ ٦٤ ١٨ ١١ Mutant3 Dasargelo ++ ٣٥٠ ٠٠ ٣٢ ٢٦ ٤٧ ٩٠ ١٨ ١١ Mutant3 Oterlo ٢٣٧ ٠٠ ٢٢ ٧٤ ١٠ ١٠ ١٨ ١١ Mutant3 New Zealand ++++ ٢٦٣ ٣٣ ٤ ٢١ ١٠ ٧٢ ١٨ ١١ Mutant3 Nassra +++ ٢٣٣ ٦٦ ٢٧ ١٣ ٢٨ ٦٤ ١٦ ٥٦ Douce Provence Dasargelo ٢٧٩ ٩٩ ٣ ٠٨ ٤٧ ٩٠ ١٦ ٥٦ Douce Provence Oterlo ٢٠٨ ٣٢ ١٦ ٧٥ ١٠ ١٠ ١٦ ٥٦ Douce Provence New Zealand +++ ٢٥٣ ٦٧ ٢٩ ٢٢ ١٠ ٧٢ ١٦ ٥٦ Douce Provence Nassra ٢٢٣ ٩٩ ٤٧ ٠٠ ٤٧ ٩٠ ٢٨ ٦٤ Dasargelo Oterlo ٢٠٨ ٦٦ ٤ ٣٣ ١٠ ١٠ ٢٨ ٦٤ Dasargelo New Zealand +++ ٢٢٢ ٠٠ ٩ ٦٣ ١٠ ٧٢ ٢٨ ٦٤ Dasargelo Nassra ++++ ٣٥٨ ٦٧ ٦٩ ١٤ ١٠ ١٠ ٤٧ ٩٠ Oterlo New Zealand ٢٤٦ ٠٠ ٤٢ ٩١ ١٠ ٧٢ ٤٧ ٩٠ Oterlo Nassra +++ ٣٠٦ ٠٠ ٧٥ ٠٩ ١٠ ٧٢ ١٠ ١٠ New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = ( ) F(SCA) = ( ) : ١٥١٣٣٣ Douce Mutant3 : () Nassra Provence. : ١٦١٣٣٣ Douce Provence Mutant3 ٩٨
99 .( ) : ١٧١٣٣٣ () () Oterlo Dasargelo :. : ١٨١٣٣٣ Oterlo Dasargelo. ( ).( ).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ + ٢٠ ٤٢ + ٢١ ٤٢ ١٨ ٨٣ g j g i ١ ٢٦ ٢ ٢٦ ٠ ٣٣ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ٩٩
100 ١٨ ٧٣ ١٥ ٦٩ + ١٩ ٨٨ ++ ٢٤ ٠١ ++++ ٢٠ ٦٧ ++++ ٢٣ ٠٠ ١٢ ١٨ ++٢٣ ٠١ ١٧ ٦٧ ١٦ ٠٠ ١٥ ٨٤ ١٨ ٦٨ +++ ١٩ ٥٠ ١٤ ٦٧ ١٦ ٠٠ +++ ١٨ ٣٤ ++++ ٢١ ٥١ ++++ ٢٢ ٦٨ ١ ٣٣ ٠ ٥٨ ٣ ٠١ ٤ ٧٧ ١ ٨٧ ٣ ٤٢ ٤ ٩٩ ٢ ١١ ٣ ٤٦ ١ ١٠ ٠ ٦٩ ٣ ٥٥ ٣ ٠٨ ٢ ٠٦ ٦ ٢٧ ٢ ٢٦ ٠ ٣٣ ٠ ٤٣ ٣ ٤٧ ٠ ٧٢ ٠ ٣٣ ٠ ٤٣ ٣ ٤٧ ٠ ٧٢ ٠ ٤٣ ٣ ٤٧ ٠ ٧٢ ٣ ٤٧ ٠ ٧٢ ٠ ٧٢ ٠ ٤٣ ٣ ٤٧ ٠ ٧٢ ١ ٢٦ ١ ٢٦ ١ ٢٦ ١ ٢٦ ١ ٢٦ ٢ ٢٦ ٢ ٢٦ ٢ ٢٦ ٢ ٢٦ ٠ ٣٣ ٠ ٣٣ ٠ ٣٣ ٠ ٤٣ ٠ ٤٣ ٣ ٤٧ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (31.268) F(SCA) = (14.369).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ + ٥ ٩٥ + ٦ ٦٥ ٥ ٦٠ g j g i ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٩٥ ٠ ١٠ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ١٠٠
101 ٥ ٦٧ ٤ ٩٢ ٥ ٤١ ++ ٨ ١٨ ++++ ٦ ٣٣ ++++ ٦ ٠٠ ٤ ٥١ ٤ ٦٨ ++++ ٧ ١٧ ٦ ٠٠ ٤ ٢٨ ٥ ٥١ +++ ٦ ١٠ ٤ ٢٧ ٥ ٢٣ +++ ٦ ٣٠ +++ ٥ ٩٣ ٤ ٦١ ١ ٢٨ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٠٨ ٠ ٦٦ ٠ ٩٨ ٠ ٦٢ ٠ ٦٢ ١ ٥٩ ٠ ٨٥ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ٥٥ ٠ ٠٨ ١ ٤١ ٠ ٥٥ ٠ ٠٢ ٠ ٩٥ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٧٨ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٧٨ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٧٨ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٧٨ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٧٨ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٩٥ ٠ ٩٥ ٠ ٩٥ ٠ ٩٥ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٧٨ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA)= (2.672) F(SCA)= (0.846).( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ١٢ ٥٧ ١٢ ١٨ + ١٠ ٩٦ g j g i ٠ ٤٩ ٠ ١٠ ١ ١٢ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ١٠١
102 + ١١ ٦٠ ١٢ ٨١ ١٢ ٣٧ +++ ١٢ ٣٣ ++++ ١١ ١٧ ++++ ١١ ٥٠ +++ ١٢ ٥١ +++ ١٢ ٦٤ ++++ ١٠ ٨٤ ++++ ١٠ ٥١ ١٣ ٨٤ ١٢ ٥١ ١١ ٥١ ++++ ١١ ٦٨ ++++ ١٠ ١٨ ++++ ١٢ ١٨ ١٢ ٠١ ١٣ ٥٢ ٠ ٣٤ ٠ ٢٨ ٠ ٥٩ ٠ ٧٩ ٠ ٢٢ ٠ ٢٢ ١ ١٩ ٠ ٩٣ ٠ ٠٤ ١ ٠٣ ٠ ٠١ ١ ٠٧ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ٤٢ ٠ ١٠ ١ ١٢ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٧٣ ٠ ٢٩ ١ ١٢ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٧٣ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٧٣ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٧٣ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٧٣ ٠ ٢٩ ٠ ٤٩ ٠ ٤٩ ٠ ٤٩ ٠ ٤٩ ٠ ٤٩ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ١٠ ١ ١٢ ١ ١٢ ١ ١٢ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٧٣ Oterlo New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 New Zealand Mutant3 Nassra Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM).() +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA) = (0.516) F(SCA)= (0.153) NS.( ) F 1 : () X ij = µ + g i + g j + s ij X ij s ij µ ٣ ٧٨ ٣ ٦٨ + ٥ ١٩ g j g i ٠ ٠٥ ٠ ١٥ ١ ٣٦ Mutant3 Douce Provence Dasargelo ١٠٢
103 + ٣ ٩٩ ٠ ١٦ 3.83 Oterlo ٢ ٩٦ ٠ ٨٧ 3.83 New Zealand ٣ ٣٧ ٠ ٤٦ 3.83 Nassra +++ ٤ ١٦ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ١٥ ٠ ٠٥ 3.83 Mutant3 Douce Provence ٥ ٠٢ ٠ ١٢ ١ ٣٦ ٠ ٠٥ 3.83 Mutant3 Dasargelo ++++ ٤ ٢٦ ٠ ٣٢ ٠ ١٦ ٠ ٠٥ 3.83 Mutant3 Oterlo +++ ٣ ١٦ ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٨٧ ٠ ٠٥ 3.83 Mutant3 New Zealand ٢ ٨٩ ٠ ٤٣ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ٠٥ 3.83 Mutant3 Nassra ٤ ٦٩ ٠ ٣٥ ١ ٣٦ ٠ ١٥ 3.83 Douce Provence Dasargelo ++++ ٤ ٥٩ ٠ ٧٥ ٠ ١٦ ٠ ١٥ 3.83 Douce Provence Oterlo +++ ٢ ٩٠ ٠ ٠٩ ٠ ٨٧ ٠ ١٥ 3.83 Douce Provence New Zealand ٣ ٠٦ ٠ ١٦ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ١٥ 3.83 Douce Provence Nassra ٤ ٩٩ ٠ ٣٦ ٠ ١٦ ١ ٣٦ 3.83 Dasargelo Oterlo ٤ ٠٧ ٠ ٢٥ ٠ ٨٧ ١ ٣٦ 3.83 Dasargelo New Zealand ++++ ٦ ٢٦ ١ ٥٣ ٠ ٤٦ ١ ٣٦ 3.83 Dasargelo Nassra ٢ ٨٩ ٠ ٢٣ ٠ ٨٧ ٠ ١٦ 3.83 Oterlo New Zealand ++++ ٤ ٢٢ ٠ ٦٩ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ١٦ 3.83 Oterlo Nassra +++ ٢ ٥٧ ٠ ٠٧ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ٨٧ 3.83 New Zealand Nassra Griffing, s MII (FixM). +. GCA GCA + +. GCA GCA GCA GCA ++++ F(GCA)= (4.596) F(SCA)= (0.388) : ٢٣٣٣ (١٩٥٦) Griffing.. () () : ١٢٣٣٣ ١٠٣
104 () : :.Mutant3 Douce Provence : Nassra () Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Oterlo Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3.( ) : ٢٢٣٣٣ () () (24) : :.Mutant3 Douce Provence :.Dasargelo New Zealand :.Oterlo New Zealand Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Douce Provence : Douce Provence Dasargelo Douce Provence Oterlo. : ٣٢٣٣٣ () (25) : () F 1 :.Dasargelo Nassra ١٠٤
105 F 1 :.Oterlo Nassra : Oterlo New Zealand (GCA) Oterlo Nassra (GCA). : ٤٢٣٣٣ () (26) : :.Douce Provence Oterlo :.Mutant3 New Zealand :.Mutant3 Nassra Oterlo Nassra Douce Provence Oterlo. : ٥٢٣٣٣ ) () : (27 :.Douce Provence Oterlo F 1 :.Dasargelo New Zealand :.Mutant3 Dasargelo F 1 ١٠٥
106 Douce Provence Oterlo Dasargelo New Zealand. : ٦٢٣٣٣ () (28) : () F 1 : Mutant3 Douce Provence Douce Provence Oterlo Mutant3 Oterlo :.Dasargelo New Zealand :.Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Oterlo. : ٧٢٣٣٣ () : (29 ) :.Douce Provence Dasargelo F 1 :.New Zealand Nassra :.Dasargelo New Zealand Oterlo New Zealand (GCA). ١٠٦
107 : ٨٢٣٣٣ : () (30) :.Mutant3 Douce Provence : Dasargelo Nassra. : ٩٢٣٣٣ () : (31 ) :.New Zealand Nassra :.Mutant3 Douce Provence :.Dasargelo Nassra. : ٢٣٣٣ (GCA) (SCA) () : (32 ) (GCA) (SCA) :.Oterlo Nassra Douce Provence Nassra (SCA) :.Mutant3 New Zealand ١٠٧
108 (GCA) (SCA) :.Dasargelo Oterlo (GCA) (GCA) (GCA). (GCA) : ١١٢٣٣ : (33 ) () (GCA) F 1 (SCA) :.Douce Provence Nassra F 1 (GCA) :.Mutant3 Dasargelo : Oterlo (GCA) (GCA) (GCA).Mutant3 (GCA) Douce Provence Nassra Mutant3 Oterlo (GCA). : ١٢٢٣٣٣ () (34) : (GCA) F 1 (SCA) :.Dasargelo New Zealand (SCA) F 1 :.Mutant3 Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence (SCA) :.New Zealand Nassra (GCA) (GCA) (GCA). (GCA) : ١٣٢٣٣٣ ١٠٨
109 (35 ) F 1 () : ().Douce Provence Dasargelo.Oterlo New Zealand () New Nassra.Zealand Douce Provence Dasargelo. : ١٤٢٣٣٣ : () (36) (SCA) F 1 :.Mutant3 Oterlo (GCA) (GCA) F 1 (SCA) :.New Zealand Nassra (GCA) (SCA) :.Oterlo New Zealand. (GCA) (GCA) : ٢٣٣٣ : (37 ) () (SCA) :.Mutant3 Nassra Mutant3 Douce Provence ١٠٩
110 F 1 : Oterlo Oterlo New Zealand.Dasargelo (GCA) :.New Zealand Nassra (GCA) Mutant3 Douce Provence (GCA) (GCA). : ١٦٢٣٣٣ (38 ) F 1 () : :.Mutant3 Douce Provence F 1 :.Oterlo New Zealand :.Douce Provence Dasargelo (GCA). (GCA) : ١٧٢٣٣٣ () (39) F 1 () : (SCA) :.Mutant3 New Zealand F 1 (SCA) :.Douce Provence Oterlo ١١٠
111 ) F 1 ١١١.Dasargelo Nassra ( : ١٨٢٣٣٣ () (40) : :.Mutant3 Douce Provence F 1 (SCA) :.Dasargelo Nassra (GCA) Dasargelo Nassra. : ٣٣٣٣ Additive gene action ().(Akmine and Hashiguehi, 1964) ) ( ( ) ). ( % ٥٠. ( ~ ) F 1... F 1
112 (Chaudhary et al., 1974). (Singh et al., 1974) : ( ~ ) : ( ) : ().. (). F 1 ( ) ) ( ( ) ( ) : Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Douce Provence Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Douce Provence Douce Dasargelo Douce Provence Dasargelo. Dasargelo Nassra Douce Provence Nassra Provence : ( ) ١١٢
113 Oterlo Oterlo Nassra Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence Nassra Douce Provence New Zealand Douce Provence Mutant3 Douce Provence New Zealand Nassra Mutant3 Oterlo Douce Provence Oterlo Douce Provence Dasargelo Mutant3 Dasargelo Mutant3 Douce Provence New Zealand Nassra Oterlo New Zealand Oterlo Nassra Douce Provence Nassra Dasargelo New Zealand Dasargelo Nassra Douce Mutant3 Oterlo Mutant3 Nassra Mutant3 Provence. Mutant3 Douce Provence ( ~ ) F 1 :. Dasargelo Douce Provence Mutant3. Nassra Oterlo Dasargelo. Nassra Oterlo Douce Provence. New Zealand. Nassra. Mutant3. Nassra New Zealand Dasargelo. Nassra Douce Provence. Oterlo Mutant3. Dasargelo. Nassra Oterlo Dasargelo Douce Provence. Nassra New Zealand Oterlo Mutant3. New Zealand Oterlo Douce Provence Mutant3 Nassra Oterlo Dasargelo Douce Provence. ١١٣
114 Oterlo (). () ٤٣٣ نتاي ج : () (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) :.(,) (,) ٢ ( h 2 ) ( ā ) (σ P) : (). ١١٤
115 h 2 ns ٠ ٣٠٥ ٠ ٦٦٦ ٠ ١٢٤ ٠ ٣٤٩ ٠ ١١١ ٠ ١٥٧ ٠ ٥١٩ ٠ ٢٠٢ ٠ ٣٤٥ ٠ ٢١٧ ٠ ٣٢٨ ٠ ١٦٥ ٠ ٧١١ h 2 bs ٠ ٨٠٩ ٠ ٩٧١ ٠ ٤٦٣ ٠ ٨٨٥ ٠ ٧٨٩ ٠ ٢٥٧ ٠ ٩١٠ ٠ ٨٣١ ٠ ٧٩٤ ٠ ٩٣٢ ٠ ٩٠٥ ٠ ١٦٦ ٠ ٩٦٠ ā ١ ٨٢١ ٠ ٩٥٨ ٢ ٣٤٢ ١ ٧٥٥ ٣ ٤٩٥ ١ ١٢٨ ١ ٢٢٧ ٢ ٥٠٠ ١ ٦١٤ ٢ ٥٦٨ ١ ٨٧٤ ٠ ٠٨١ ٠ ٨٣٦ ( ) σ 2 D ٢٤ ٣٨٧ ١٠٨ ١٦٨ ٠ ٠٩٦ ١١ ٩٣٥ ٠ ٧٨٨ ٠ ٠٠٧ ٢٩٢ ٨٤٢ ٢٧ ٦٤٥ ١٤٩٠ ٤٩٧ ١٣ ٩٢٨ ٠ ٨٠٢ ٠ ٠٠٠٣ ٠ ٣٦٨ ٢ A ١٤ ٧٠٧ σ ٢٣٥ ٨٠٧ ٠ ٠٣٥ ٧ ٧٥٤ ٠ ١٢٩ ٠ ٠١١ ٣٨٩ ١٢٢ ٨ ٨٤٥ ١١٤٣ ٨٨١ ٤ ٢٢٥ ٠ ٤٥٧ ٠ ٠٩١ ١ ٠٥٢ σ ٢ E ٩ ٢٠٤ ١٠ ١٢١ ٠ ١٥٢ ٢ ٥٦١ ٠ ٢٤٥ ٠ ٠٥٢ ٦٧ ٣٦٧ ٧ ٤٠٧ ٦٨٣ ٩٢ ١ ٣٢٤ ٠ ١٣٣ ٠ ٤٥٨ ٠ ٠٦ / / / / / / / () % / % % % % ٢ ٢.(2 σ gca ) : (σ A) ٢.( σ sca ) : (σ 2 D) ٢.(Mse) : (σ E). : ( ā ).() : ( h 2 bs).() : ( Degree of dominance h 2 ns).( ) (Inbred Line ) Partialdominance. % : Overdominance Khache & Narsinghani ; (1983) Timofeev ; (1982) Waly ; (1974) Snoad & Arthur. (2001) Singh and Ram ; () ١١٥
116 ٥٣٣ نتاي ج : (% ٦٠ ) () (,) % (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,). (,) (,) (% ) (٤١) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) (,). (,) Phenotypic Variance... ١٩٠٠ :. () Fisher. ( ) () (). () Honarnejad ١١٦
117 ().( ) ( )... ( ) () Falconer (r =, ) (r =, ) (r =, ). Response to selection : ٦٣٣ (r =, ) (r =, ) (r =, ) (r =, ) =, ) (r =, ) (r =, ) (r =, ) (r =, ) (r =, ) (r.( ) ( ) : (). ١١٧
118 ٠ ١٤ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٩ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٥٦ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ٠٢ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ٥٩ ٠ ٥٣ ٠ ٤٩ ٠ ١٩ / ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٤٥ / ٠ ٤٥ ٠ ٠٥ / ٠ ٢٧ ٠ ١٢ ٠ ٠٩ ٠ ٠٧ ٠ ١٧ ٠ ٣٤ ٠ ٢٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٤ ٠ ٤٨ ٠ ٣٩ ٠ ٤٦ ٠ ٤٣ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ٠٨ ٠ ٥٠ ٠ ٣٧ ٠ ٥١ ٠ ٥٧ ٠ ٣١ ٠ ٢١ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ٤٧ ٠ ١٣ / / ٠ ٠٦ ٠ ٣٢ ٠ ٢١ ٠ ٣١ ٠ ٢٩ / ٠ ٢٣ ٠ ١٩ ٠ ٠٨ ٠ ١٠ ٠ ٠٩ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٠٣ ٠ ٥٢ ٠ ١٨ ٠ ٠٥ /. % % ( ) ().() Bing et al. () Tsyganok () Tandon et al. ١١٨
119 .(F 1 ) () Kumar et al. () Dev et al. ( )..(Yap & Harvey, 1971) () (Wilson, 1987) (Moot & McNeil, 1995).(Sarawat et al., 1994) : Conclusions ٤ ١١٩
120 : Mutant3 Douce Provence. Dasargelo Nassra Douce Provence Nassra. Mutant3 Douce Provence Douce Provence Dasargelo. Mutant3 Oterlo. Mutant3 Nassra. : Recommendations ٥.... ١٢٠ :
121 ١٢١
122 ١٢٢
123 ١٢٣
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