Changing Flora of the Stockton College Campus Jamie Cromartie PINELANDS RESEARCH SERIES 14 August 2012

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1 Changing Flora of the Stockton College Campus Jamie Cromartie PINELANDS RESEARCH SERIES 14 August 2012

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9 Richard Stockton College Exotic Species Sites 1971 Map Genus species common name Castanea spp Chestnut Ilex opaca American Holly Picea abies Norway Spruce Populus grandidentata Large-toothed aspen Prunus persica Peach Pyrus communis Pear Pyrus malus Apple Rosa spp Rose salix babylonica Weeping Willow Syringia vulgaris Lilac Vitis labrusca Fox grape Wisteria spp Wisteria Genus species common name Acer saccharinum Silver Maple Castanea spp Chestnut Rosa spp Rose Syringia vulgaris Lilac Genus species common name Catalpa bignonioides Common Catalpa Celtis occidentalis Common Hackberry Ilex opaca American Holly Juglans nigra Black Walnut Prunus spp Cherry Pyrus communis Pear Pyrus malus Apple Genus species common name Picea glauca White Spruce Rosa multiflora multiflora rose Genus species common name Acer Palmatum Japanese Maple Albizzia julibrissin Mimosa Catalpa bignonioides Common Catalpa Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood Populus grandidentata Large-toothed aspen Taxus spp Yew Genus species common name Berberis thunbergii Japanese Barberry Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood Hibiscus syriacus Rose-of-Sharon Morus alba White Mulberry Picea glauca White Spruce

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11 Jack McCormick recommended very specific efforts to preserve and restore the native Pine Barrens flora on the site of the Stockton State College Campus

12 Strict use of native plants Stockpiling shrub turf Carex pennsylvanica lawns Restoration of agricultural and residential sites

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14 McCormick s advice has been largely ignored

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24 Rosa multiflora a common invasive Berberis thunbergii Lonicera japonica

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26 Studies to date have mapped the distribution of selected invasives in some previously disturbed sites lakeshore, borrow pits, old fields, pig farms.

27 My general impression from over twenty years of sampling the tree and shrub stratum in native forest and cleared sites that were forested in 1970, is that there has been little of no invasion by non-natives.

28 A student experienced in invasive species detection and mapping walked most of the trails on campus and failed to detect invasives entering the native woodlands.

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41 McCormick and Marathon McCormick, not Marathon Marathon, not McCormick Neither McCormick nor Marathon TOTAL Invasive Natives disappeared? Non-natives disappeared? Overlooked Taxonomic issues Undetermined TOTAL Total plant species in Pine Barrens over 1500, depending on what you count

42 Name from Juleg Aralia nudicaulis L. ^ Calopogon tuberosus (L.) B.S.P. var. tuberosus ` Euphorbia ipecacuanhae L. Pogonia ophioglossoides (L.) Ker-Gawl. ` Rosa carolina L. common name Wild sarsaparilla Grass pink Wild ipecac Rose pogonia Pasture Rose Ceanothus americanus L. New Jersey Tea

43 Acer platanoides L. >< Ailanthus altissima (P. Mill.) Swingle Lonicera japonica Thunb. >< Berberis thunbergii DC. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. Rosa multiflora Thunb., not in Juleg Norway Maple Tree-Of-Heaven Japanese Honeysuckle Japanese Barberry Common Reed multiflora rose Wisteria floribunda (Willd.) DC., Japanese W. sinens Wisteria

44 Wisteria sinensis (Sims) DC. Datura stramonium L. >< Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Michx.) T. Moore )( Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. >< (1) Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. Hedera helix, not in Juleg Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus >< Miscanthus sinensis Andersson not in Juleg Phalaris arundinacea L. Secale cereale, not in Juleg Securigera varia (L.) Lassen not in Juleg Chinese wisteria Jimsonweed Hayscented Fern Autumn Olive Weeping Lovegrass Purple Lovegrass English lvy Japanese stiltgrass Chinese Silvergrass Reed Canary Grass Cereal Rye Purple Crownvetch

45 Acer palmatum Thunb. >< Japanese Maple Alcea rosea L. not listed in Juleg Hollyhock Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. >< Common wintercress Convallaria majalis L. not listed in Juleg Lilly of the Valley Euphorbia cyparissias L. - cypress spurge, noy in JuleCypress spurge Forsythis sp., not in Juleg Forsythia Gaillardia pulchella Foug. Not in Juleg Blanket flower Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L. >< Day Lily Hibiscus syriacus, not in Juleg Rose-of-Sharon Hydrangea sp. H. arborescens L. in Juleg Hydrangea Juniperus communis L. Common Juniper Larix leptolepis, not in Juleg Japanese larch Ligustrum vulgare L. ><? Privet Lilium lancifolium Thunb. Tiger-lily Lolium perenne L. Italian rye-grass Lycopersicum esculentum, not in Juleg Tomato Medicago lupulina L. >< Black medick Mentha sp. M. spicata?? Mint Asparagus officinale Asparagus Picea glauca, not in juleg White Spruce Picea sp., not in juleg Pinus resinosa, not in Juleg Pinus sylvestris, not in Juleg Populus alba L. not in juleg Prunus persica (L.) Batsch >< Pyrus communis, not in Juleg Pyrus malus, not in Juleg Rhododendron spp Rhododendron spp Rubus occidentalis L. Rubus sp. 10 spp. In Juleg Sedum sp. Not in Juleg Solanum nigrum L. Syringa vulgaris L. >< Taxus sp. Not in Juleg Thuja occidentalis not in Juleg Tsuga sp. Ulmus sp. Vinca minor L. not in Juleg Spruce Red Pine Scots Pine White Poplar Peach Pear Apple Azalea Rhododendron Black Raspberry Blackberry Stonecrop Black nightshade Lilac Yew Arbor vitae Hemlock Elm Periwinkle

46 Future Studies Resampling vegetation and flora Soil properties ph, organic matter, etc. Impact on birds and insects Effects of removal or destroying plants Long term, adaptation of local wildlife Competition in new disturbed areas, eg. forest management McCormick archives?

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