Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Project Sheet

Transcription

1 Page 1 of 10 Project Name: Pre Emergent Herbicide Crop Safety Trifluralin + Isoxaben New Ongoing Completed X Duration if ongoing or completed: Project Description: The Pre-Emergent Herbicide Crop Safety Project began in 2004 and has continued through While specific crops and herbicides have changed, the intent of this research has been to screen over-the-top applications of pre-emergent herbicides as plants are breaking dormancy, or beginning new growth, and then 4 to 6 weeks later once foliage is more mature. This research project sheet covers Snapshot 2.5TG (Trifluralin + Isoxaben). Research Project Abstract (if available): Abstract from 2013 Trifluralin + Isoxaben Crop Safety Summary In an effort to provide weed management tools to growers of a wide variety of nursery ornamental crops this research was undertaken to expand the three pre-emergent herbicide labels: Pendulum 2G (pendimethalin), Pennant Magnum (s-metolachlor), and Snapshot 2.5TG (trifluralin + isoxaben). This report covers only Snapshot 2.5TG. The rates chosen for this research were 2.5, 5, and 10 pounds active ingredient per acre (lbai per acre) as a 1/2X, 1X and 2X rates. From 2004 to 2013, IR-4 completed 418 trials on Snapshot 2.5TG. One hundred forty one crops were examined. Of these, 62 species exhibited no or minimal transient injury after application at all three rates. Eight crops exhibited no phytotoxicity at 2.5 or 5.0 lbai per acre, but did have some injury at the higher rate of 10 lbai per acre. Twenty-two species exhibited phytotoxicity at the 5 lbai per acre rate. For the remaining 59 crops, IR-4 would recommend generating additional data because either fewer than 3 trials were conducted or different locations exhibited different responses. Target Species (Phytotoxicity, or common and Latin name of arthropod, pathogen, weed): Crop Safety Target Crops (list tested crops if ongoing or completed project) See IR-4 Crop Safety to Date below Target Product(s)(list tested products or numbered compounds if ongoing or completed project) Snapshot 2.5TG Product Registration and Research Status Registration Status & Commercialized Wide range of ornamental horticulture crops listed Snapshot 2.5TG & Commercialized Opportunity to add additional ornamental horticulture crops But NOT Commercialized Not yet registered or labeled No longer available for development * IR-4 Data contributed to registration decision either adding pest to label or not pursuing further research

2 Page 2 of 10 Area Characteristic Pro Con Availability & Needed still effectiveness of x alternative management tools Wide range of crops x already listed on the label No label updates have been made incorporating x data generated in this project. Performance and crop safety of proposed products (from other systems) Compatibility with IPM, resistance management programs Economics Geographic distribution Manufacturer interest in labeling products Other 2015 Comments: Products tested primarily liquids, may add some of the granulars back into the protocol from 2012/2013. Rank products during protocol development IR-4 Crop Safety Trials to Date Average rating on a scale of 1 5 with 1 = 0 to about no injury and 5 = severe injury and mortality; minimum to maximum rating; number of trials. A rating of 3 or higher is considered commercially unacceptable (red text). A rating of 1 or 2 is considered commercially acceptable and those with more than 3 trials are complete (green text). indicates that IR-4 generated data in at least one trial and that this crop is listed on the label. For crop/product combinations that are blank, IR-4 has not screened this combination. PlantGroup Crop Showcase (Trifluralin + Isoxaben + Oxyfluorfen) Snapshot 2.5TG (Trifluralin + Isoxaben) Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Aucuba (Aucuba Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Holly (Ilex Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Loropetalum (Loropetalum 1.5 (1-3) n4 Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Pentas (Pentas Broadleaf Evergreen/Deciduous Tree/Shrub Broadleaf Evergreen/Deciduous Tree/Shrub False Heather, Elfin Herb; Mexican Heather (Cuphea hyssopifolia) Hydrangea, Climbing (Hydrangea anomala ssp. Petiolaris)

3 Page 3 of 10 Canadian Wildginger (Asarum canadense) Canna (Canna Woodland Crocus (Crocus tommasinianus) Chequered Lily (Fritillaria meleagris) Hyacinth,common (Hyacinthus orientalis) Lilium Asiatic Hybrids (Lilium Asiatic Hybrids) Virginia bluebells (Mertensia virginica) Agave (Agave Aloe (Aloe Pygmyweed (Crassula Echeveria (Echeveria Golden Barrel Cactus (Echinocactus grusonii) Devil's-tongue; Eastern prickly pear cactus (Opuntia humifusa) Stonecrop (Sedum Cobweb Houseleek (Sempervivum arachnoideum) Common Houseleek (Sempervivum tectorum) Maple, Red (Acer rubrum) Maple (Acer White Sagebrush (Artemisia ludoviciana) Roman Wormwood (Artemisia pontica) Oldwoman (Artemisia stelleriana) Seafoam (Artemisia versicolor) Butterfly Bush (Buddleia davidii) Ceanothus, maritime (Ceanothus maritimus) Ceanothus (Ceanothus Wild Lilac (Ceanothus x pallida) Leather Flower (Clematis 1.3 (1-2) n3 Dogwood, Kousa (Cornus kousa) Forsythia (Forsythia Dwarf Fothergilla (Fothergilla gardenii) Bigleaf Hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla)

4 Page 4 of 10 Candytuft (Iberis Japanese Rose (Kerria japonica) Golden-Rain Tree (Koelreuteria bipinnata) Goldenrain Tree (Koelreuteria paniculata) Lavender, English (Lavandula angustifolia) Tulip Tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) Mock Orange (Philadelphus Rose (Rosa 1.0 (1-1) n4 Lilac (Syringa Arrowwood (Viburnum Japanese Zelkova (Zelkova serrata), Variegated Leatherleaf (Arachniodes simplicor), Lady (Athyrium filixfemina), Lady (Athyrium nipponicum) Japanese Netvein Hollyfern (Cyrtomium falcatum) Asian Netvein Hollyfern (Cyrtomium fortunei), Autumn (Dryopteris erythrosora) 3.0 (2-4) n2, Southern wood (Dryopteris ludoviciana) 2.0 (2-2) n2, Marginal Wood (Dryopteris marginalis) Woodfern (Dryopteris x australis), Ostrich (Matteuccia struthiopteris), Sensitive (Onoclea sensibilis), Cinnamon (Osmunda cinnamomea), Royal (Osmunda regalis) Hardy Ground Cover Foliage Hardy Ground Cover Foliage, Christmas (Polystichum acrostichoides) Korean Tasselfen (Polystichum polyblepharum) Broom Sedge Bluestem (Andropogon virginicus) Mugwort, White (Artemisia lactiflora)

5 Page 5 of 10 Hardy Ground Cover Foliage Sagebrush (Artemisia 1.0 (1-1) n5 Hardy Ground Cover Foliage Hardy Ice Plant, Yellow Ice Plant (Delosperma nubigenum) 2.0 (1-3) n2 Hardy Ground Cover Foliage Delosperma (Delosperma Hardy Ground Cover Foliage Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) 1.3 (1-2) n3 Hardy Ground Cover Foliage Lantana (Lantana 2.0 (1-3) n3 Hardy Ground Cover Foliage Lilyturf, Big Blue (Liriope muscari) Hardy Ground Cover Foliage Nepeta (Nepeta x faasseni) 1.8 (1-4) n5 Lily-Of-The-Nile (Agapanthus Hyssop, Sunset;Giant (Agastache rupestris) 1.5 (1-3) n4 Lady's-Mantle (Alchemilla 1.3 (1-2) n3 Allamanda (Allamanda Shellplant (Alpinia zerumbet) Leadplant (Amorpha canescens) Pussy-Toes, Stoloniferous (Antennaria dioica) 5.0 (5-5) n1 Pussy-Toes, Small-leaf (Antennaria parvifolia) 2.5 (1-4) n2 Flamingo-lily (Anthurium andraeanum) Sandwort (Arenaria Thrift, Sea Pink (Armeria maritima) Lilacbush (Aubrieta Epimedium (Epimedium 3.0 (3-3) n1 Gazania (Gazania Common sneezeweed (Helenium autumnale) 1.3 (1-2) n3 Sneezeweed (Helenium Frostweed (Helianthemum 1.2 (1-2) n5 Smooth Oxeye (Heliopsis helianthoides) Rosemallow (Hibiscus 1.5 (1-2) n4 Yellow Archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon) 3.0 (3-3) n1 Golden Rockets (Ligularia stenocephala) Miquel's Mazus (Mazus reptans) Hopflower Oregano; Majoram (Origanum libanoticum) Carolina Wild Petunia (Ruellia caroliniensis) Thick-Leaved Butcher's Broom (Ruscus hypophyllum) Sage (Salvia daghestanica)

6 Annual Annual Annual Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Project Sheet Woodland Sage (Salvia nemorosa) Lavender cotton (Santolina chamaecyparissus) Ohio Spiderwort; Bluejacket (Tradescantia ohiensis) Ironweed, New York (Vernonia noveboracensis) Turkish veronica (Veronica liwanensis) Speedwell, Brooklime (Veronica Transvaal Daisy (Gerbera Sunflower (Helianthus Primrose, Fairy (Primula malacoides) Common yarrow (Achillea millefolium) Western yarrow (Achillea millefolium var occidentalis) Black Bugbane (Actaea racemosa var racemosa) Hyssop species (Agastache Bluestar (Amsonia Columbine (Aquilegia Milkweed (Asclepias Butterfly Weed (Asclepias tuberosa) False Goat's Beard (Astilbe Blue Wild Indigo (Baptisia australis) Siberian-tea (Bergenia cordifolia) Red Valerian (Centranthus ruber) Turtlehead, Snakehead (Chelone Hardy Mum (Chrysanthemum/Dendranthema x morifolium) Page 6 of (2-4) n2 1.3 (1-2) n3 4.0 (4-4) n2 2.0 (1-3) n2 2.3 (1-4) n3 2.0 (0-4) n2 3.0 (3-3) n1 2.0 (1-4) n3 1.6 (0-3) n5 1.8 (1-2) n4 1.5 (1-2) n4 2.3 (1-4) n4

7 Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Project Sheet Golden Star (Chrysogonum virginianum) Tickseed (Coreopsis Larkspur (Delphinium Maiden Pink (Dianthus deltoides) Pink (Dianthus Foxglove (Digitalis Purple Coneflower (Echinacea Joe pye weed (Eupatorium maculatum) Common Boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum) Joe pye weed (Eupatorium purpureum) Thoroughwort (Eupatorium Strawberry (Non-Bearing) (Fragaria Beeblossom, Lindheimer's (Gaura lindheimeri) Hardy Geranium (Geranium magniflorum) Geranium (Geranium Globe Amaranth (Gomphrena Sunflower, Maximilian (Helianthus maximiliani) Sunflower, Willowleaf (Helianthus salicifolius) Hellebore, Black (Helleborus niger) Coral Bells (Heuchera sanguinea) Poker Plant, Red-Hot-Poker (Kniphofia Max Chrysanthemum (Leucanthemum maximum) perennial flax (Linum perenne) Creeping Jenny (Lysimachia nummularia) Page 7 of (1-3) n3 1.3 (0-4) n6 1.0 (1-1) n4 1.7 (1-2) n3 3.0 (1-5) n2 1.3 (1-2) n4 1.3 (1-3) n7 1.5 (1-2) n2 1.5 (1-2) n2

8 Herbaceous s Narrowleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Narrowleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Project Sheet Evening Primrose, Sundrops (Oenothera Peony (Paeonia Beard-Tongue (Penstemon Phlox (Phlox Moss Phlox (Phlox subulata ssp. Australis) Jacob's Ladder (Polemonium Pincushions (Scabiosa Goldenrod, Wrinkleleaf (Solidago rugosa) Goldenrod, Seaside (Solidago sempervirens) Goldenrod (Solidago Goldenrod, Showy (Solidago specisa) Goldenrod, Autumn (Solidago sphacelata) White Heath Aster (Symphyotrichum ericoides) Mother of Thyme; Thyme (Thymus praecox) Foamflower, Heartleaf (Tiarella cordifolia) Vervain (Verbena Speedwell, Spiked (Veronica spicata) Dogtooth Violet (Erythronium americanum) Fir (Abies Red Cedar, Arborvitae (Thuja Big Blue Stem (Andropogon gerardii) Feather Reed Grass (Calamagrostis acutiflora) Reed Grass (Calamagrostis arundinacea) Leatherleaf Sedge (Carex buchananii) Page 8 of (1-4) n5 2.3 (1-3) n4 2.7 (1-4) n3 1.8 (1-3) n4 2.5 (2-3) n2 3.0 (3-3) n1 3.3 (2-4) n4 2.0 (1-4) n3

9 Page 9 of 10 Sedge, Cherokee (Carex cherokeensis) Carex morrowii (Carex morrowii) Sedge (Carex Indian Woodoats (Chasmanthium latifolium) 1.5 (1-2) n2 Pampas grass, Uruguayan (Cortaderia selloana) Tufted hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa) Deertongue (Dichanthelium clandestinum) 1.5 (1-2) n2 Purple Lovegrass (Eragrostis spectabilis) Field Fescue (Festuca glauca) Hakone Grass (Hakonechloa Sweet Grass (Hierochloe odorata) 1.5 (1-2) n2 Common Rush (Juncus effusus) Ryegrass, Sand (Leymus arenarius) Muhly, hairyawn (Muhlenbergia capillaris) 2.5 (1-4) n2 Pine Muhly (Muhlenbergia dubia) Bamboo Muhly (Muhlenbergia dumosa) Deer Grass (Muhlenbergia rigens) Finestem Needlegrass (Nassella tenuissima) Switch Grass (Panicum virgatum) Fountaingrass (Pennisetum alopecuroides) New Zealand Flax (Phormium Sugarcane (Saccharum Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) 2.5 (1-4) n2 Indian Grass (Sorghastrum nutans) Indian Grass, Wood Grass (Sorghastrum Prairie dropseed (Sporobolus heterolepis) Feather Grass, Mexican (Stipa 2.0 (1-4) n3 Cattails; Bullrush (Typha minima)

10 Page 10 of 10 Palm Dwarf Palmetto (Sabal minor) Palm Chinese Windmill Palm (Trachycarpus fortunei) Tropical Foliage Plant Spiderwort (Tradescantia Tropical Foliage Plant Spiderwort (Tradescantia x andersoniana)