Slovene Plant Gene Bank (SPGB) and Genetic Resources Programme

Transcription

1 Slovene Plant Gene Bank (SPGB) and Genetic Resources Programme Second Meeting of the ECPGR Working Group on Leafy Vegetables 8 9 October, Ljubljana, Slovenia Vladimir MEGLIČ, Jelka ŠUŠTAR VOZLIČ

2 Slovene Plant Gene Bank Early projects to collect Slovenian autochthonous populations, ecotypes and landraces of agricultural species were initiated about 60 years ago. In 1996 the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food started financing the Slovene Plant Genetic Resources Programme with the goal to maintain, evaluate, regenerate and preserve Slovenian autochthonous species, ecotypes, populations and landraces of agricultural, medicinal and aromatic plants. Slovene Plant Gene Bank (SPGB) Gene Bank of Agricultural Crop Species was established. SPGB includes Slovenian varieties, old varieties, landraces, various populations, clones and lines bred from autochthonous plants and ecotypes from the natural habitat important for food and agriculture.

3 Slovene Plant Gene Bank Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana Slovenian Institute for Hop Research and and Brewing, Žalec SLOVENE PLANT GENE BANK Central Seed Bank (AIS LJ) PSARS (MAE) - Central Database Biotechnical Faculty University of Ljubljana MEDPLANT Database NGO Urban Furrows, botanical gardens, schools, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Maribor

4 Responsability Biotechnical faculty, Agronomy Dept., University of Ljubljana Fagopyrum, Zea mays, fruit trees, forage crops, medicinal and aromatic plants. Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana Grain legumes, Allium, Solanum, Triticum, Brassica, Lactuca, forage and fodder crops, Rubus, Vitis,. Slovenian Institute for Hop Research and Brewing Humulus, medicinal and aromatic plants. Faculty for Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor Fruit trees, Vitis Institution No. of accessions Biotechnical faculty >1200 Agricultural Institute of Slovenia Slovenian institute for Hop Res. Faculty of agriculture and Life Sciences > >300 Total >6000

5 Slovene Plant Gene Bank Collecting Documentation Multiplication Conservation Storage

6 Collecting -Wild relatives of cultivated crops - Landraces and populations - Old cultivars

7 Collecting - Expeditions throghout Slovenia - Bilateral and multilateral projects - Donations and exchanges - Schools, adds,.

8 Multiplication Dependant on crop species: -field, -screenhouses, -greenhouses, -in vitro

9 vsebnost SB (g kg Characterization and evaluation SS) Characterisation and evaluation: -Chemical analysis of 38 ecotypes of Dactylis glomerata L vsebnost SVL (g kg -1 SS) -Characterisation of 21 red clover ecotypes (morpf., quality (NIR)). -Characterisation of 17 Medicago falcata ecotypes (morpf., quality (NIR)).

10 Conservation seed quality - Germination - Moisture content - Seed purity

11 Storage Working collection (mid-term storage): seeds/accession stored at + 4 C. Basic collection (long-term storage at 20 C): -located at the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia. Accessions are also kept in in vitro conditions and in vivo in permanent plantations for hops, fruit, grapevine and some species of medicinal and aromatic plants.

12 Use of plant genetic resources -Research: - Diversity studies, - Genetic erosion, - Population genetics, - Mapping, - Conservation and preservation studies. -Breeding, -Immediate use on farm

13 Genetic Resources Programme at the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia Group of species Species Number of accessions Grain legumes Phaseolus spp Vicia faba 37 Skupaj 1162 Fodder crops Trifolium sp. 199 Medicago sp. 39 Vicia sp. 69 Lotus sp. 33 Lolium sp. 30 Festuca sp. 83 Dactylis 110 Phleum 39 Travniške zeli 65 others 202 Skupaj 869 Field crops Zea mays 11 Triticum 76 Secale 12 Papaver 26 Panicum 15 ostale 60 Skupaj 200 Vegetables Lactuca sp. 227 Allium cepa 56 Brassica oleracea 11 Diplotaxis spp. 18 ostale(cichorium, Valerianella, Solanum Lyc.) 14 Allium sativum 8 Skupaj 334 Small fruites Vaccinium corymbosum, Rubus, Ribes, Fragaria 230 Apple trees M. domestica, M. floribunda 256 Grapewine Vitis 90 Potato Solanum tuberosum L. 34 Other potato species Solanum sp diploid populations Total 642 Total 3207

14 Collection of Phaseolus accessions 1081 accessions (1020 Slovenian, 61 from other GB) 841 (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris var. vulgaris), 187 (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris var. nanus Aschers.), 53 (Phaseolus coccineus L.) Multicrop passport podatki available for all accessions Data on characterization and evaluation available for a limited number of accessions

15 Evaluation of common bean accessions Morphological markers Biochemical markers (phaseolin) Molecular markers (RAPD, AFLP, SSR) Disease resistance (Anthracnose) Drought resistance (proteases, gene expression, psyiological analysis, proteomics)

16 Drought resistance - gene expression Changes in gene expression in the leaves at different levels of dehydration were identified by DDRT PCR and confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. The levels of 15 transcripts were changed significantly in all cultivars, 8 being increased and seven decreased. At least six transcripts corresponded to those whose expression is altered under drought in Arabidopsis thaliana. Five of the genes identified have not previously been reported as being influenced by drought. Only minor differences in expression were found between the different cultivars. KAVAR T, MARAS M, KIDRIČ M, ŠUŠTAR VOZLIČ J, MEGLIČ V Mol. breed. 21:

17 Drought resistance - proteomic approach The aim is to identify proteins differentially expressed due to water deficit stress (Starozagorski čern sensitive, Tiber tolerant). Proteins were extracted from stressed and control plants, labelled with different fluorescent dyes and were separated using twodimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Protein spots that were significantly changed in abundance were excised, trypsin digested and analysed on LC-MS/MS

18 Drought resistance - proteomic approach 2DGelectrophoresis of leaf proteins from Starozagorski (differentially expressed and identified protein spots). Identified proteins can be divided in different functional categories that include metabolic proteins, cellular defense/stress proteins, proteins involved in reactions of photosynthesis and proteins with unknown function Analysis of functional network. Two clusters of highly interacting protein nodes represents proteins involved in photosynthesis and energy metabolism.

19 Thank you for your attention!