Lotus Flower. Lotus Flower Seeds OBJECTIVES SOMETHING TO SPROUT ABOUT. Something to Sprout About Grades 3 rd 5 th

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1 CHECK WITH TEACHER TO MAKE SURE THERE ARE TRAYS TO GO UNDER PLANTING CUPS. OBJECTIVES SOMETHING TO SPROUT ABOUT Ppt 2 * Poster in the bag State the objectives. And tell students you will be asking them at the end if you have taught them everything. To learn: What a seed requires to germinate, The different stages of sprouting a seed, The difference between a Monocotyledon and a Dicotyledon Lotus Flower Ppt 3 *Pictures in the kit. Tell students about the Lotus flower. There was a lake in China with lotus flowers growing in the waters. Seeds sank each year into the muddy waters. Over many years the lake dried up. The land was then used for farming. A scientist from Washington D.C. visited and found the lotus seeds in a dry lake bed. He soaked them in strong acid to dissolve the coat. He planted them and they grew. They were over 1,000 yrs old. Lotus Flower Seeds Ppt 4 The seeds of the lotus flower. Not all seeds last 1,000years. Why did the seeds sprout when they did? How do you think the scientist planted them? If the seeds were in the ground why didn t they germinate during those 1,000yrs? August 2015 Page 1 of 12

2 What is GERMINATION? Ppt 5 Define germination is the time when a seed begins to swell to when the first leaves appear. The conditions required for a seed to germinate. Water Air Ppt 6 These are the requirements a seed needs to germinate - water, air, light and temperature. Without these a seed will not germinate. What keeps a seed from germinating in the winter. Temperature Light What conditions does a Plant need to keep growing? Water Air Light Temperature Ppt 7 Does the plant need the same conditions to keep growing? What else is needed for the plant to continue to grow - soil/nutrients, time and space. PLUS SOIL/NUTRIENTS PLUS TIME PLUS ROOM TO GROW August 2015 Page 2 of 12

3 Planting Vegetables from Seed Ppt 8 *Example seed packet in kit. When we want to grow vegetables or flowers we can start with packets of seeds which we buy in a packet from the stores. How to Plant Carrots Ppt 9 The information on these packets is very important if we want to be successful at growing the seeds. Tells us when to plant, how deep to plant, where to plant, how far apart to plant, how many days till we can reap a crop, the size of the plant etc. Two Main Types of Flowering Plants Monocotyledon & Dicotyledon Ppt 10 *Soft material models may be used to illustrate the seeds Introduce the two kinds of flowering plants and their names. To make it easier, the names may be shortened to DICOT and MONOCOT. August 2015 Page 3 of 12

4 MONOCOTYLEDON Ppt 11 *Monocot poster in bag Study the corn seed/monocot. MONO - means one/single. It has ONE food source and the one seed leaf. The EMBRYO is the baby plant inside the seed. The single leaf is the start of the new plant and the EMBRYONIC ROOT will be the first of the roots. The EMBRYO is surrounded by the ENDOSPERM which is food for the seed until it has more roots in the soil. The whole seed is covered with a SEED COAT. Ppt 12 *Poster in bag This is the process of GERMINATION and developing into a mature plant. A single leaf emerges from the seed in the soil. As it grows another leaf will emerge. All seeds need water, sunlight with warm temperatures and oxygen. To begin the baby plant/embryo gets its food from the endosperm. As the plant grows and more roots develop so nutrients are absorbed from the soil. DICOTYLEDON Ppt 13 *Poster in bag Study the bean seed /DICOT. DI - means two/double. It has a tiny EMBRYO tucked between TWO halves of the seed or TWO COTYLEDONS which are the food source for the seed. The embryo has TWO tiny white leaves and a root, The seed is surrounded by a SEED COAT. The seed needs water, sunlight, warmth and oxygen to germinate. August 2015 Page 4 of 12

5 Ppt 14 As the DICOT germinates the two COTYLEDONS emerge from the soil on the small stem and will often provide some food for the new baby plant. Once the new leaves have grown and are making their own food/photosynthesizing these COTYLEDONS will drop off. Compare Monocots & Dicots Parts Seed Ppt 15 Compare and contrast what you have discovered so far about DICOTS and MONOCOTS. Monocot Leaves Dicot Ppt 16 *Samples of silk leaves in the kit The leaf shapes are very different. The MONOCOT has a long thin leaf with parallel veins in the leaf. A DICOT has leaves of various shapes and a scattered vein pattern. 1 Cotyledon 2 Cotyledons August 2015 Page 5 of 12

6 Dicot Roots Monocot Ppt 17 *If not using PowerPoint, use poster in bag to discuss root system, vascular system, and number of petals. The root systems are different too. A DICOT often has a TAP ROOT or primary root. And a MONOCOT has a FIBROUS ROOT SYSTEM, or a cluster of roots. Stems Ppt 18 When we look at a cross section of the two types of these plants the VASCULAR SYSTEM (system carrying food and water in the stem) is very different. These bundles are arranged in the stem of dicots to form a cylinder, making a ring of spots. In monocots, these bundles appear scattered through the stem, with more of the bundles towards the outside of the stem than in the center. Flowers Ppt 19 Another way to tell MONOCOTS and DICOTS apart is by the number of petals in the flowers. If you count the number of petals, you will find that monocot flowers tend to have a number of petals that are divisible by three. Dicot flowers on the other hand, tend to have petals in multiples of four or five. August 2015 Page 6 of 12

7 Mature Plant Monocot Dicot Ppt 20 Discuss the differences between the mature plants. Continue with next ppt. Monocot and Dicots Ppt 21 *Poster in bag Compare the number of petals in flowers, leaf structure and root structure. The vascular system in stems are different and the seed structure is different. Puzzle Dicot / Monocot Fibrous Roots / Tap Roots Petals in 3 s / Petals 4 s or 5 s Vascular Bundles in Stem Random / Ring Veins in Leaves - Parallel / Web-like Seed Number of Food Storage Areas 1 / 2 Node / Internode Pp 22 *Puzzles in Ziploc bags in kit Hand out puzzles and puzzle pieces for 3 rd to 5 th graders. Half will have monocot and half will have dicot. Explain to students that they must place the puzzle piece closest to where it describes the plant/ this is like labeling the diagram. Allow time for students to complete the task. August 2015 Page 7 of 12

8 Where does the Mature Plant gets its Food? From roots in the Soil Ppt 23 We have discussed the seed get its food from the endosperm/cotyledons. As the plant grows so it absorbs nutrients from the soil by its roots system. WHERE ELSE DOES IT GET FOOD FROM? From PHOTOSYNTHESIS in GREEN LEAVES Process of Photosynthesis Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water= Sugars + Oxygen Plant Cell Chloroplast contains Chlorophyll Ppt 24 *Poster in bag. Written explanation of photosynthesis is in notebook and kit. PHOTOSYNTHESIS is the process of the green leaves making food and producing oxygen. Leaves are green from the CHLOROPHYLL CELLS where this process occurs. The leaf breathes in carbon dioxide through the STOMATA, chlorophyll absorbs the sunlight plus the water from the roots produces carbohydrates and oxygen. Green plants use carbohydrates to grow. Ppt 25 This is the chlorophyll cell where all the action takes place. It is all green! CYTOPLASM in the cell is the watery substance that fills the cell keeping it TURGID. When a plant does not get water it goes limp. This is because the watery substance in the leaf evaporates. In the winter when there are no leaves, the plant lives off the carbohydrates it has stored in the branches and trunk during the summer. August 2015 Page 8 of 12

9 Importance of Trees Breathing! Ppt 26 Information on the importance of trees. A single mature tree can absorb enough Carbon Dioxide and produce enough Oxygen for 2 human beings. In one year an acre of trees consumes the same amount of Carbon Dioxide produced by a car driving 26,000 miles. That same acre produces enough Oxygen for 18 people to live for a year. Time to be Scientists Ppt 27 Experiment time for all scientists! Set up your Experiment Need: Soil 1 Cup with holes 2 Beans Seeds 2 Corn Seeds Water Measure Marker for Name & Date Ppt 28 Each student will be given a cup (with holes in the bottom) containing soil, a popsicle stick, two bean and two corn seeds. Allow teacher or students to write their name and date on each cup. Explain how the popsicle stick must slide down the side of the cup to the mark, tilt it towards the center of the cup and the seed dropped in, so the seed can be seen between the soil and the cup. Rotate the cup a quarter rotation and repeat with another seed. The seeds will be positioned at 12noon, 3pm, 6pm and 9pm. Water the seeds. August 2015 Page 9 of 12

10 GERMINATING How do you know the seed has germinated? Which seed will germinate first, and why? Ppt 29 Keep your germinating seeds lightly watered and watch them begin to grow. Observe the differences between the monocot and dicot. GERMINATING Which seed will grow faster? What will you see first, leaves, roots, stems? Ppt 30 Note the cotyledons pulling up from the soil in the dicot/bean seed. The seed coat is left in the soil. The first of the two wrinkly leaves can be seen on the dicot. A single leaf from the monocot is emerging. YOUNG SPROUTS Where does the young plant gets its food before it can use its roots and leaves? Ppt 31 Both seeds have germinated and are photosynthesizing. The students will keep their experiment in the classroom. The teacher may continue with further experiments 1- no water and light, 2 - water and no light, 3 - no water and no light and 4 - water and light. August 2015 Page 10 of 12

11 Observations Ppt 32 Discuss these points as scientists. How will you know your seeds have germinated? Which seed will germinate first? Why? Which seed will grow faster? Will you see the root, stem or leaf first? Why? Where does the sprout gets its food before it has roots? Plant Requirements List 4 requirements for seeds to sprout. List 3 more requirements for the plant to continue growing. Ppt 33 Discuss what a seed needs to germinate and what a plant needs to continue to grow. What would happen if some of these requirements were removed? WHAT WOULD HAPPEN TO THE PLANT IF THERE WAS NO - LIGHT, WATER,..????? OBJECTIVES SOMETHING TO SPROUT ABOUT Ppt 34 Review the objectives. Did we learn: What a seed requires to germinate, The different stages of sprouting a seed, The difference between a Monocotyledon and a Dicotyledon What was your favorite part? August 2015 Page 11 of 12

12 Ppt 35 Tell the students about the certificates with the Master Gardeners information. Thank the students for being great listeners. WELL DONE BOYS AND GIRLS THANK YOU Please collect teacher evaluation forms and the thumbdrive. Ensure you have collected all the materials used during the program. Complete MG s evaluation forms. August 2015 Page 12 of 12