A Collection of Curricula for the STARLAB Lapp-Sámi Mythology Cylinder
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1 A Collection of Curricula for the STARLAB Lapp-Sámi Mythology Cylinder Including: Notes on the Lapp-Sámi Mythology Cylinder by Torbjørn Urke v by Science First /STARLAB, Gene Lasserre Blvd., Yulee, FL All rights reserved.
2 Notes on the Lapp/Sámi Mythology Cylinder...3 Background...3 Ten Figures from Lapp/Sámi Mythology...3 The Moose (Sarva)...3 Castor and Pollux (Cuoighahaegjek)...3 The Three Stars of Orion s Belt (Galla-bardnek)...3 The Pleiades (Suttjenes-råuko)...4 Ursa Major (Fauna davgge)...4 Arcturus (Favnta)...4 The North Star (Boahje-navlle or Stella polaris)...4 The Morning and Evening Star (Guovso naste) or Venus...4 The Milky Way (Lådderaiddaras)...5 Curriculum Guide Contents
3 Notes on the Lapp/Sámi Mythology Cylinder by Torbjørn Urke Background Like the Ancient Greeks, Ancient Chinese and the Native Americans, the Lapp/Sámi Arctic peoples from Norway, Sweden, Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia had constellations that represented their own unique culture. Although better known to the outside world as Lapps, they prefer the name Sámi meaning same land. Like the different Native American tribes, there are several Sámi tribes Forest Sámi, River Sámi, Coastal Sámi and Mountain Sámi. Also like the Native Americans many of the constellations held different meanings for different tribes, others were common to all. The Lapp/Sámi Mythology Cylinder focuses on subjects that all of the Sámi people had in common the importance of hunting and the significance of the Milky Way where the weather can be forecasted. The Lapp/Sámi Mythology Cylinder features ten figures that illustrate this celestial moose hunting scene and other important themes. The Moose (Sarva) Ten Figures from Lapp/Sámi Mythology This constellation dominates the sky and consists of Auriga, Perseus and Cassiopeia (which makes up the splendid horns). Castor and Pollux (Cuoighahaegjek) The Skiing Moose Hunters. These sky hunters are moving and shooting in the direction of the Moose. The Three Stars of Orion s Belt (Galla-bardnek) These three stars form three hunting dogs that help the Skiing Moose Hunters to capture the Moose. Lapp-Sámi Mythology D-3 Cylinder Guides
4 The Pleiades (Suttjenes-råuko) This constellation has several interpretations among the Sámi peoples. Some believe the Pleiades is a hole in the sky from which cold weather comes. Others believe that the Pleiades stars are six young women waiting for husbands. Orion, after a quarrel with his wife, offers to marry one of them but they all reject him. He is so incensed that he grabs his bow and shoots at them. They turn and flee. The third interpretation, and the one that is depicted on the cylinder, is part of the sky as a moose hunting scene the stars represent an old wife with a pack of dogs running after the Moose. Ursa Major (Fauna davgge) The hunter s bow. Arcturus (Favnta) The main star in a second hunter figure. The North Star (Boahje-navlle or Stella polaris) The North Star anchors the Boahje-navlle or Sky-stake. The Sámi culture believed that the world was an island with the Sky-stake or Sky-pole holding the world in position. The Morning and Evening Star (Guovso naste) or Venus This star had a special importance to the Lapps/Sámi. Guovso is the name for twilight at dawn and dusk while naste means star. Venus was seen in the morning until Christmas and then in the evening after Christmas. During the polar nights from November to January, Venus was circumpolar and could be seen both day and night. Under special conditions, Venus was so bright that it cast shadows. It illuminated the road when the shaman/troll-man (Noaiden) traveled to Jabiaibmo. It is painted on the Sámi shaman drum and among other Northeurasian people is known as the shaman star. It was also believed that Venus could bring rain as well as good health and fertility. The Sámi decorate their belts with star figures of brass or silver (not unlike the Arapahoe people who had a special ceremonial belt used in religious rites which was decorated with stars that were supposed to bring a good life). Cylinder Guides Lapp-Sámi Mythology D-4
5 The Milky Way (Lådderaiddaras) Bird tracks. In Sámi tradition, birds were watched over by a female deity, Barbmo-akka. She made sure that the birds migrated from the southern areas to the north. Next in line was the Crane (Guerga) that was considered the king of the birds. He was in charge of telling Barbmo-akka how many birds were born and how many died while they were in the north. This migratory path of the birds could be seen in the winter at the celestial arch, the Milky Way. The Milky Way was also seen as a weather forecast chart. The glove (vott) tells when winter is coming, the crescent moon represents the dangerous yule-moon at Christmas time, and the cross or X in the sky from which they could predict the weather in the late winter. Lapp-Sámi Mythology D-5 Cylinder Guides
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